THE PEACE IN PREPARATION
. . . THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . MEETING behind locked doors in Moscow in an atmosphere of secrecy as total as anything the late partners of the Rome-Berlin Axis ever achieved, the Foreign...
...MEANWHILE, Gen...
...Three already overflowing with the problems of Iran, Egypt, Palestine, the Balkans, Italy, Germany, Indonesia, French Indo-China, and China, when Russia dramatically presented new claims to a slice of Turkey...
...I am here to serve and not to hinder or obstruct American government," the American commander said...
...The American commander said that Japan must support Allied objectives, but, he added, to impose upon the nation "any form of government not supported by the freely expressed will of the people is contrary to the Potsdam terms...
...Immediate U. S. objective, he said, is to • keep a firm hold on the Japanese people and their future while offering opportunity for "a completely vanquished enemy to correct the error of its ways...
...Britain's Labor Government last week pushed its bill to nationalize the 25-year-old Bank of England through the House of Commons by a vote of 306 to 126...
...Arguments will be held in open court Jan...
...7____ American and other Allied foreign correspondents have been bucking severe censorship by two of the victorious Powers...
...Sen...
...Douglas MacArthur— and a problem which seems nearer solution than any other—the occupation and reform of Japan—appeared to dominate the first days of the Moscow deliberations...
...As the Foreign Ministers met, the Moscow press splashed over their front pages a letter written by two leading Soviet historians demanding an area of up to 10,000 square miles of Turkish territory adjoining the important Russian oil center of Batumi...
...Institutions expressive of the spirit of militarism and aggression will be vigorously suppressed...
...The territory demanded was ceded to Turkey-tn-1921 and 1922...
...The question of Russian participation is a matter for other decisions than my own:" The statements purported to have been made by Tigue have "absolutely no basis in fact...
...Chiang Kai-shek's regime in China has cracked down on a number of U. S. newspaper men, largely because they are regarded as sympathetic to the Communists in China...
...Oddly enough, a man who wasn't there—Gen...
...Yamashita, Japanese commander in the Philippines campaign, won a new stay of execution this week when the U. S. Supreme Court decided to hear oral arguments on whether or not to intervene in the Manila military trial which sentenced him to death for condoning atrocities...
...3. "Movement of Chinese National forces from South China to North China may be executed only after Gen...
...THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . MEETING behind locked doors in Moscow in an atmosphere of secrecy as total as anything the late partners of the Rome-Berlin Axis ever achieved, the Foreign Ministers of the Big Three—the Messrs...
...Without UNRRA, millions of persons would be dying from starvation in Europe...
...MacArthur again said 'No,' with the implication that if the Russians ever got into Hokkaido they would never be dislodged...
...Officials of Iran have vowed to take "strong measures" against Soviet-aided insurgents who have set up a separatist government in the northern province of Azerbaijan...
...Gen...
...MacArthur flatly said 'No.' He would permit them to bring only one division...
...Introduced for early action also were proposals for public ownership of the mines and a nationalization program for all civil airlines...
...We don't need it anyway.' " Gen...
...A United Press dispatch quoting Larry Tigue, American Broadcasting Company correspondent in Tokyo, claimed last week that the Soviets have decided not to participate in the occupation of Japan because of a disagreement with MacArthur over which of the home islands the Russians would occupy...
...The hew orders, however, provided for continuation of American aid to Chiang in occupying Manchuria in order to enable Russia to withdraw by Jan...
...Control will be exercised as much as possible "through the Emperor and other instrumentalities of the Japanese Government found suitable," MacArthur said...
...The danger of an epidemic is as great as it was after the last war, and if it comes finding the people impoverished and starved, it will take a tragic toll...
...MacArthur restated American occupation policy in instructions to his commanders...
...First the Russians wanted to bring an army over here...
...Stalin received Bevin and Byrnes in separate audiences...
...Mac-Arthur reportedly told the State Department that if he was not left alone, and if Russia were allowed any further participation in occupation affairs, he would resign...
...MacArthur offered, instead, to let the Russians into Kyushu, which would put American troops between the homeland and the occupying force...
...Finally the Russians agreed, but insisted they be allowed to occupy Hokkaido, the northernmost of the main Japanese islands...
...but their pleas were rejected...
...Soviet Russia, too, has cracked down on American correspondents in its zone of occupation in Germany...
...The mines are all in the British zone of occupied Germany...
...The stories, obviously planted in the Red press with official sanction, bitterly denounced the Turks as cruel and inhuman oppressors of people of the Russian province of Georgia, Stalin's birthplace...
...The Allied Control Council in Austria last week approved the list of government members submitted by Leopold Figi, chancellor-designate...
...George C. Marshall, new U. S. envoy to China, has received State Department instructions to end hostilities in the Chinese civil war by refusing facilities to transport Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's reinforcements...
...An Associated Press dispatch, for instance, reported that control of Japan was looming as a bigger issue than control of atomic power, which earlier had been presented as the principal question before the Foreign Ministers...
...Then the Russians said...
...Foreign Minister Bevin and Secretary of State Byrnes were mum on the new Russian demands...
...Claude D. Pepper, Florida Democrat, returned from a lengthy barnstorming tour of Europe last week with the announcement that "Europe is confronted with a tragic situation this Winter...
...Among those involved was Edgar Snow, who was written widely in support of the Chinese Communist movement...
...Gen...
...World News Notes: Bloodshed continued in the Dutch East Indies as Indonesian independence forces renewed, their fighting against British and Dutch imperial troops...
...Despite its promise to open its zone to foreign newspaper men, the Kremlin decreed last week that only five selected correspondents could go on a Soviet-conducted tour of Russian-occupied Germany...
...The German owners, many of whom are under arrest, would in these circumstances have their mines expropriated without compensation...
...MacArthur...
...MacArthur promised civilians they would be freed of any interference with liberty and property rights...
...A new issue was thrown into the laps of the Big...
...MacArthur emphatically denied Tigue's claims...
...It is my full purpose to see the thing through...
...It extends along the Black Sea coast about 160 miles, from the Russo-Turkish frontier near Batumi to the Turkish ports of Trabzon (ancient Trebizond) and Giresun...
...Japan, he maintained, will be completely disarmed and dimilitarized and "the authority of militarists and the influence of militarism will be totally eliminated from her politics, and economic and social life...
...The Russians have been itching for weeks to substitute four-power occupation of Japan, of the type which has failed so miserably in Germany, for American control under Gen...
...It reaches up to about 70 miles inland...
...The break came," Tigue reported, "after Gen...
...No.' MacArthur's answer to that amounted to 'all right, don't send an occupation force...
...If Tigue made the statement he is alleged to have broadcast from Tokyo, someone must have been feeding him a funny type of 'hooch' being peddled around Tokyo on the black market...
...The Arab League has bitterly denounced the U. S. Senate for endorsing unrestricted Jewish immigration into Palestine to build a national home.___ Premier Josef Stalin, tanned and refreshed after a long vacation, returned to the Kremlin last week in time to take a hand in the conference of the Big Three's Foreign Ministers...
...A dispatch from London disclosed that the Labor Government is expected soon to announce that the Ruhr coal miles in Germany have been placed under public ownership...
...Marshall determines that such movement is consistent with his negotiations with the Chinese," a State Department spokesman explained...
...Other newsmen applied for permission to make the trip...
...V. M. Molotov, James F. Byrnes, and Ernest Bevin—continued this week to grope for a solution to the vast assortment of problems which have baffled the victorious Powers since V-E and V-J Days...
Vol. 9 • December 1945 • No. 52
