THE PEACE IN PREPARATION
. . . THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . THE terrifying fear of an atomic war has haunted the world in the months that have followed American use of the atomic bomb over the Japanese cities of...
...You, it may be, will continue in your more individualistic methods...
...Secretary of State...
...The principal participants, President Truman, Britain's Prime Min- ister Clement Attlee, and Canada's Prime Minister W. L. Mackenzie King, reached what was, in effect, a compromise...
...British trade unions will demand introduction of a five-day, 40-hour week under a new program of industrial reform, Sir Walter Citrine, general secretary of the Trades Union Conference declared last week...
...Douglas MacArthur's administration of Japan, despite the fact that his policies thus far have resulted in extraordinary progress...
...We shall be working out a planned economy," Attlee told Congress...
...Civil strife in China centered,-in-part, over a struggle fpr control of Manchuria...
...In London, Harold Laski, chairman of the British Labor Party, lashed out at British interference in Java and Indo-China, charging that British forces are establishing "a bridgehead whereby the French and Dutch can return to the relentless exploitation of many millions of people, most of whom have shown by the depth of their resistance their hatred of regimes we are, however unwilling, protecting...
...The U.S.S.R., the bishops charged, have acted unilaterally on many important issues and has sought to establish its sphere of influence in Eastern and Southeastern Europe...
...Pointing out that the British planned economy would not mean a reduction of freedom, but a growth, Attlee said that "sometimes the battle for freedom has to be fought against kings, sometimes against religious tyranny, sometimes against the power of the powers of the land, sometimes against the overwhelming strength of monied interests...
...Representatives of the three custodian nations wrestled with the problem for several days last week, and emerged with an atomic control pro-gram which was announced to the world...
...returned from Europe with the charge that French determination to force "economic dismemberment" on Germany is responsible for much of the chaos and hardship in Europe...
...Charles de Gaulle, newly named president, resigned in protest against Communist demands for a key position in the Cabinet...
...Soekarno, with whom the Dutch said they would never negotiate—attended a conference with British and Dutch officials, but returned with the bitter news that the British became the "spokesmen for the Dutch in attempting to high-pressure us into accepting Dutch proposals...
...MEANWHILE, the deadlock between Russia and the United States over the occupation and control of Japan remained unbroken...
...Robert L. Eichelberger...
...Nevertheless, Secretary of State James Byrnes asserted in a speech that the U. S. Government believes the proposed United Nations Commission for the control of atomic energy—particularly the atomic bomb—-can bg functioning in two months...
...World News Notes: France was the scene of a new political crisis when Gen...
...In the Orient this week, the civil war in China grew in intensity, while bloodshed continued in Java and Indo-China, where native independence movements were locked in combat with their Dutch and French masters, respectively, aided by British troops using American Lend-Lease arms...
...But, the official communique emphasized, "the military exploitation of atomic energy depends, in large part, upon the same methods and processes as would be required for industrial use...
...The vote came after a bitter attack on de Gaulle by Jacques Duclos, Communist party secretary...
...WHILE in Washington for the conferences on atomic energy, Attlee accepted an invitation to address the U. S. Congress...
...The Kremlin has renewed, its demand for a veto power over Gen...
...Since the end of the war there has been worldwide debate over the disposition of the "secret" and know-how, with special emphasis on the political control of atomic energy as a military weapon...
...Attlee, Truman, and King included an almost direct invitation to Russia to join with the Western Powers in embracing a policy exchanging information in an atmosphere of confidence and cooperation that would lead to settlement of the basic political issues which have split the unity of the Big Three...
...Bevin's plan, a rejection of President Truman's re- quest that 100,000 homeless Jews of Europe be admitted now to Palestine, marks the active participation of the U. S. in the explosive Palestine-Arab-Zionist situation...
...There was no official response from Moscow by midweek, but inspired editorials in the Kremlin-controlled papers, Pravda and New Times, lashed out at the projected "Anglo-American bloc" as anti-Russian, and warned against the use of the atom bomb as a lever in world politics...
...It is essential . . . that we should have the widest toleration, recognizing that our aim is not uniformity but unity in diversity...
...The news that a committee was to be established as an alternative to Jewish demands for immediate action led to serious disorders in Palestine and to bitter protests among Jewish Zionists in America...
...Officials who sat in at the conference estimated that four-fifths of established information for atomic force applies to industrial potentials, that military application of atomic energy to lethal weapons the remaining fifth...
...Attlee's visit to the U. S. was the signal for an announcement by Britain's Foreign Minister Ernest Bev-in in London that Britain and the United States had agreed on joint procedure for handling the critical situation in Palestine...
...Red leaders have declared political war against de Gaulle...
...Byrnes revealed that negotiations have suffered a severe setback and conversations on setting up a control council for Japan have returned to the stalemate stage of the recent London Conference of Foreign Ministers...
...Premier Sutan Sjahrir of the Indonesian Republic—who replaced Dr...
...THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . THE terrifying fear of an atomic war has haunted the world in the months that have followed American use of the atomic bomb over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki...
...They announced that they are willing to share all the secrets of atomic energy with members of the United Nations—but not until an international control system is set up to prevent its military use...
...Bevin revealed that Britain and the United States will create a joint committee of inquiry to "examine the question of European Jewry" with relationship to the possibility of permitting increased Jewish immigration into Palestine...
...The bishops called for a return to the peacemaking principles laid down in the Atlantic Charter...
...Bitter fighting raged in Java where the British have taken control in the absence of effective Dutch resistance against the native independence forces...
...Spokesmen for the Red fprces charged that American troops were being used" to support Chiang's army, but Lt...
...The secret of atomic energy and the manufacturing know-how were discovered in the United States, with the collaboration of Great Britain and Canada...
...Byron Price, former chief of the Office of Censorship and now President Truman's special investigator...
...It makes the British claim to have been engaged in a war for freedom and democracy seem hollow .mockery all over Southeast Asia...
...De Gaulle, however, won a new chance this week to solve the political crisis when the French Assembly voted 358 to 39 to reinstate him as head of the nation...
...They called on the United Nations Organization, which has yet to call its first meeting, "to set up a special atomic commission which should first do everything possible to stimulate wide, reciprocal exchange of scientific information, then tackle the problem of how to outlaw atomic weapons and "all other major weapons adaptable to mass destruction," and finally arrange international safeguards "by way of inspection and other means " to prevent violations...
...The Soviet Union, which agreed, in its pact of friendship with the Chiang Kai-shek regime, to pull its forces out of Manchuria, began a partial withdrawal last week, but the attempt of Chiang's Kuomintang forces to establish their control was thwarted by the massing of Chinese Communist troops...
...The bishops, representative of more than 20,000,000 Catholics, called for frank recognition of a clash between the American and Russian ideologies...
...The communique issued by the Messrs...
...A. C. Wedemeyer, U. S. commander in China, counter-charged that the Communists were attacking Americans assigned the task of disarming and repatriating Japanese soldiers still in China...
...In a forthright speech, Attlee asked the United States not to be frightened by the British Labor Government's determination to nationalize several basic industries...
...The Indonesians reshuffled their government to present a more moderate approach to the Dutch and British, but there was little or no change in the situation...
...We have earned enough ill will in Rhodesia, Kenya, and the rest of our imperial slums without adding to it by making possible the maintenance of slums of other empires...
...U. S. Catholic bishops denounced the Soviet influence in world politics last week...
...News reports from Spain disclosed a serious economic crisis in that country, with lawlessness and armed attacks increasing rapidly under the Franco regime...
...The extent to which gains have been made were indicated last week when MacArthur announced consolidation of his two armies in Japan into one force under Lt...
Vol. 9 • November 1945 • No. 47
