THE PEACE IN PREPARATION
. . . THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . RIOTING, bloodshed, rebellion, and civil war threw a grim shadow over the peacemaking process this week as the statesmen of the world continued to flounder...
...But they will tell you frankly that our military government, of which they are a part, is a major disappointment...
...The Labor Cabinet had called on the electorate to support Labor candidates forniunicipal office in ofder to "help carry, out Labor's plans...
...The Western Allies—Britain and the United States—have been wrangling with Russia for several months now over the fate of Central Europe, especially nations like Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Rumania, and Poland, where Red officials and the Red Army have dominated the political and economic life of the people, often in violation of the terms of agreements reached at Potsdam and Yalta...
...Unofficial results showed that Labor-ite candidates won more than 1,200 borough council seats from the Conservative opposition...
...Douglas MacArthur...
...The middle-of-the-road Small Holders, made up of small shopkeepers, small landowners, and professional men, piled up more votes than all other parties combined as the people of Soviet-dominated Hungary had their first chance to vote in a free, orderly election...
...For the most part, our soldiers try conscientiously to do what they are ordered...
...Gen...
...Douglas MacArthur'a headquarters in Tokyo last week barred Japan's 15 greatest industrial and financial empires from all stock transactions until final decision is made about the Zaibatsu—Japan's oligarchy of family empires...
...The Control Of Japan A continuing source of friction between the U.S.S.R...
...Britain's Labor Party scored another smashing success last week when it swept the nationwide municipal elections...
...Byrnes' new attempt to conciliate the Russians came just before Josef Stalin was to speak to the people of the U.S.S.R...
...and the rest to Yugoslavia, Greece, and Albania...
...The Russians specified that Britain and the U. S. waive any share...
...Washington correspondents reported a receptive attitude in some high places to the suggestion made in Moscow that a Four Power Control Commission be established with an American as permanent chairman...
...THE PEACE IN PREPARATION . . . RIOTING, bloodshed, rebellion, and civil war threw a grim shadow over the peacemaking process this week as the statesmen of the world continued to flounder without agreement on basic issues...
...Notes On World Affairs: The Soviet Union demanded last week that hungry, prostrate Italy be required to pay reparations of $300,000,000, of which a third would go to the U.S.S.R...
...future action which might jeopardize Turkish independence or Turkish territory...
...Whether they like or despise the German people, they consider ii quite likely that we will have to fight them again...
...Newspaper dispatches to the U. S. disclosed that Marshal Tito has for seven months refused permission to the U. S. Army Graves Registration Service to enter Yugoslavia to find and collect the bodies of more than 2,000 American fliers...
...Collapse Of A Policy In a series of dispatches to the Marshall Field publications (New York's PM and the Chicago Sun) last week, Edd Johnson reported that GI morale in Germany is at the vanishing point and that there is a nearly universal feeling that the American policy has been a miserable failure...
...The lack of a clear-cut program, the wrangling among the occupying Powers, and the entire revenge motif— all these have played their part in making a mess of the Allied occupation policy in Germany...
...Soekarno asserted that his men would continue fighting "as long as one Dutch flag is flying in Indonesia...
...In Palestine, bloody rioting broke out last week as Jews demonstrated in favor of a Jewish national state and against British inaction...
...An eye-witness Associated Press dispatch from France last week disclosed that the first German prisoners of war returned to U. S. Army control by the French are unfit to work and "look almost like corpses resurrected from the horror camps of their own fatherland...
...An AP photographer who took pictures of the piled corpses in every German concentration camp from Buchenwald to Dachau said of the Germans released from French custody: "The only difference I can see between these men and those corpses is that here they're still breathing...
...In his third monthly report last week, Eisenhower warned that there was dangerous unrest in Germany, which was "just one step" from organized resistance...
...At the same time it was learned that the Kremlin has refused to accept the Anglo-American recommendation that the Italian armistice terms be made less harsh...
...The U. S. Government reportedly assured Turkey this week that this country would refuse to support any...
...In a new attempt to give meaning and direction to American foreign policy, Secretary of State James F. Byrnes this week told the world that the United States would oppose spheres of exclusive influence and special privilege anywhere in the world, but went on to contradict himself by saying that the U. S. was sympathetic toward Soviet Russia's special interests in Eastern and Central Europe...
...Hubertus J. Van Mook, acting Indies governor, to cease negotiating with Achmed Soekarno, head of the independence group's Indonesian Republic...
...Dwight D. Eisenhower, commander in the American zone, has made it clear that the Four Power method is proving a. failure...
...Arab leaders reaffirmed their determination to resist any effort to permit the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine...
...Britain's Colonial Secretary George Hill denounced the "dastardly series of outrages" as showing evidence of "very careful planning by a very considerable organization among the Jewish community...
...The great majority want to pull out and go home— the sooner the better...
...Russian insMence on Four Power control of Japan comes in spite of an a most unanimous judgment that this system has broken down in Germany...
...3) the Central Government would hereafter consult the Communists before moving any troops over the railroads, and 4) the People's Political Council would appoint a commission to investigate conditions along the railways and report any violation by either side...
...In China, the Nationalist forces of Chiang Kai-shek were locked in combat with the Chinese Communists in 11 of the country's 28 provinces as hope for a settlement rested on a new four-point peace proposal submitted by the Chiang regime this week...
...on the anniversary of the Russian Revolution this week—too late for coverage in this week's issue of The Progressive...
...The latter had objected strenuously that the pacts imposed on Hungary and Rumania by the U.S.S.R...
...And they are ashamed and disgusted at the failures of the four military governments...
...Both Sides Of The Street These were the areas of actual bloodshed this week, but strife was almost as bitter, if bloodless for the present, in most of the rest of the world as well...
...The British, who have been pouring men and military equipment into the struggle against the independence forces, announced this week that they would hold no more press conferences to give out information on the military situation in the Indies...
...2) Communists withdraw 10 kilometers from the railroads, leaving railway police (instead of troops) to guard the lines...
...In the Dutch East Indies, there was renewed violence as Dutch officials in The Hague ordered Dr...
...Great Britain's Labor Government has been more aggressive in calling the Soviets on their unilateral actions than the U. S. A strong British protest against Russian trade treaties with Hungary and Rumania was flatly rejected in Moscow last week, much to the annoyance of Britain's Foreign Secretary, Ernest Bevin...
...and the U. S. has been the control of Japan...
...In the face of the almost total failure of Four Power control over Germany, the Russians have been insisting that a Four Power Control Commission be established in Japan, consisting of the United States, Russia, Britain, and China, to replace the present administration of Japan by Gen...
...In Hungary's first free election, the moderately conservative Small Holders Party won a smashing victory this week, piling up a substantial lead over the Social Democrats, who finished second, and the Communists who trailed in third place...
...Despite the magnificent record of progress under MacArthur, the Truman Administration appeared this week to be yielding to Soviet pressure...
...gave the latter complete economic domination over those two countries, but the Kremlin tartly refused to acknowledge that "legitimate British interests are affected...
...This action came just before the expiration of the Turkish treaty of friendship and non-aggression with the Soviets...
...The American soldiers who are occupying and governing the U. S. zones in Germany," he reported, "believe overwhelmingly we are making a failure of the job...
...They are sick of Germany, sick of the Army...
...The compromise offer, which Red officials were weighing at Yenan at mid-week, proposed that 1) Both sides cease attacks...
...The latter have made strong representations for at least a share in the control of the Bosphorous and Dardanelles Straits, the Turkish-controlled sea lane to the Black Sea...
Vol. 9 • November 1945 • No. 45
