THE WEEK IN REVIEW
THE WEEK IN REVIEW THE officially announced hope for an early June adjournment of the San Francisco conference of the United Nations faded this week as the conference rode the worst storm in its...
...Warren Draper, Deputy Surgeon General of the U. S. Public Health Service and chief of the Allied Supreme Headquarters' military government public health branch...
...About 60 per cent of the men in the Army do not intend to return to their old jobs when they return home, Maj...
...I believe a year's military training is necessary because of our obligations under the world security organization, because in the world of things as they are, our international policy to be effective must have strength behind it, and because my experience has taught me that aggressors are not deterred by latent superior strength, but shrewdly try to obtain their ends by attacking when they consider their potential opponents unprepared and therefore at a disadvantage...
...The Red leader warned U. S. Reds and fellow-travelers to be ready for a complete ideological somersault as he referred to the "coming new period of sharpening struggles, crises, and profound changes...
...Veterans...
...After more than a month and a half of laborious struggles, the conference has made dangerously little progress on the basic political issues necessary for solution before a durable peacekeeping machine can be constructed...
...Deutsch had refused to reveal the source of information used in a special series of articles exposing conditions in the Veterans Administration...
...In a foreword to the Duclos article, Browder said it "reflects the general trend of opinion of European Marxists in relation to America, and thus demands our most respectful consideration...
...The health of both the liberated countries of Europe and occupied Germany is not only far better than was generally supposed, but also in many respects is evidently approaching the peacetime norm, according to an official report by Maj...
...tend the coverage of unemployment compensation to include Federal employes, maritime workers, and others not now insured...
...The possibility of an overnight reversal of basic policy was seen in the publication in the New York Daily Worker, official Red organ, of a long and sizzling attack on U. S. Communists by Jacques Duclos, French Communist leader, who de-nouncd Browder for "the liquidation of the Communist Party" in America and for wide deviations from the "victorious Marxist-Leninist doctrine...
...2. The "cash on hand" of corporations nearly doubled, while their holdings of Government securities was increased 10-fold...
...The Russians were not impressed with American women—"they are not as beautiful as we thought, and while they have good teeth, they are too slim to be really feminine and their mouths are too big...
...The action of the conference committee, of course, must be approved by the delegates and might become snarled in the broader issue of Great Power control of the projected world organization...
...These provisions," Mr...
...While the bill places great reliance on private industry, it sets up Government procedures for taking up the slack in employment by providing credits and guaran-teeing risks and by making employment on public works available...
...The House Veterans Committee revolted against its racist chairman, Rep...
...2That Congress provide minimum standards for ? the weekly rate and duration of benefits...
...James Murray, Montana, and Robert Wagner, New York, both Democrats, provides machinery to guarantee opportunities for employment for all Americans seeking jobs...
...United Press interviews with Russians at the San Francisco conference disclosed that they like our bridges, buildings, roads, clean streets, and ice cream, and do not like our movies, bread, beefsteak, and skyscrapers...
...Impressions...
...THE WEEK IN REVIEW THE officially announced hope for an early June adjournment of the San Francisco conference of the United Nations faded this week as the conference rode the worst storm in its tempestuous 7 weeks...
...At present state benefits range from $12 a week in some states to $22 in others...
...There is much less poverty than they thought possible in a 'capitalistic structure.' American creative genius has surpassed all their expectations...
...In France and Belgium, while children generally had probably suffered from undernourishment, "up to now the shortage of food has not harmed the mass of population at all," Gen...
...Names And Notes In The News Line Shifts...
...Its cultural level is much higher...
...Charge...
...The U. S. is much richer than they imagined," reported the UP...
...The wisecracks on the busses and street cars and in the taxis now center around the idea of getting the diplomats 'out of the trenches by July 4.'" In a major speech on foreign policy last week, Secretary Stettinius admitted that basic issues, including that of Poland, were still unsettled...
...An SEC survey of gains by all American corporations, except banks and insurance companies, dur-ing the 5-year period since the war started in Europe, shows: 1. Corporations' "current assets" have nearly doubled, from $54,600,000,000 to $98,000,000,000...
...W. F. Tompkins of the Army Special Services Division disclosed last week...
...Truman said, "are essential for the orderly conversion of our wartime economy to peacetime production...
...War-conscious, jampacked San Francisco which welcomed the conference with open Western hospitality despite its housing problems, is getting more than slightly weary...
...Dangerously Little Progress' Other basic issues were still unsettled at San Francisco as the conference moved into its 8th week...
...3. The corporations* "net working capital" nearly doubled, from $24,600,000,000 in 1939 to $45,500,000,-000...
...In an effort to grapple with at least one phase of the problem, President Truman last week sent a special message to Congress calling for an enlarged program of unemployment insurance for workers who are temporarily out of work during the postwar reconversion period...
...Revolt...
...Pull...
...The Soviet Union demanded that any one of the Big 5—herself, Britain, France, China, and the United States—have the authority not only to prevent, by its own vote alone, any world organization action against its own acts of aggression, but that it also have authority to prevent discussion of acts of aggression by one of the Big 5. Britain and the United States balked at this Soviet demand, as did, of course, most of the smaller or weaker nations which have been resisting the determination of the Great Powers to dominate the whole world and world organization for their own ends...
...In a roundup of the conference to date, Reynolds reported: "Time is running out on the meeting of 49 nations and the tens of thousands of men and women of the armed services who daily are pouring in and out of this gate to the Pacific war are beginning to look askance at the scant products of nearly 7 weeks of work...
...Even as Sen...
...The Murray-Wagner bill, said Vinson, is necessary to develop the freest possible economy...
...Grew said that American boys now in service favor peacetime conscription, but he did not present any, facts to support that guess...
...The Government, acting on behalf of all the people, must assume this responsibility and take measures ; broad enough to meet the issues...
...History shows, he Said, that business, labor, and agriculture "cannot in themselves assure" full production and employment...
...Mortality figures for France and Belgium imply that the people actually became healthier after the Germans had moved in, he acknowledged...
...Opening Gun...
...Hunger...
...Supporters of peacetime military conscription fired the opening gun of their campaign before the House Military Affairs Committee this week when Acting Secretary of State Joseph Grew demanded enactment of the permanent draft as a means of keeping peace...
...Owen Brewster, Maine Republican, that Russian forces are liquidating German professional classes in Soviet-occupied territory in order to communize Europe cannot be confirmed or denied, the State Department said last week, because American officials have not been permitted in Berlin or Vienna...
...At mid-week a working committee of the conference announced it had approved a proposal to put teeth into the world security charter by approving the use of force against aggressors...
...It seemed clear, however, that Congress was in no hurry to tackle the baffling problems associated with cutbacks, reconversion, and reconstruction, and many a thoughtful student of the nation's economy was concerned lest the drift lead us again to depression...
...He made 2 specific recommendations: 1That Congress, during this emergency period, ex...
...Meanwhile, Fred M. Vinson, director of the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion, endorsed the purposes and principles of the Murray-Wagner Full Employment bill and asserted that the Federal Government must assume responsibility for maintaining high levels of employment and production in peacetime...
...In Chicago the Army ordered production of B-17 aircraft engines at the giant Studebaker plant stopped abruptly, throwing 2,500 men out of their jobs...
...Congress seemed unimpressed, however, and Democratic leaders were in no mood to set machinery in motion to expedite passage of the President's proposals...
...John Rankin, Mississippi Democrat, last week and voted 13 to 2 to rescind its citation for contempt of Congress against Albert Deutsch, reporter for the New York daily PM...
...A sweeping shift in the American Communist line from reactionary cooperation with Wall Street and monopoly capitalism to revolutionary assaults on private property and free enterprise was indicated in New York last week by Earl Browder, spokesman for U. S. Reds...
...Roosevelt, according to Assistant Secretary of War John J. McCloy, who testified last week before the House Military Affairs subcommittee investigating the Army commissioning of Communists...
...Home Front Storm Ahead There were new and louder rumblings of the approaching storm in the United States last week...
...Calling for the United States to play a world role as mediator among the major nations, Stettinius outlined a 5-point foreign policy which he said would be based on "fair dealing for all peoples and states, large and small...
...State systems would not be disturbed under this emergency program...
...Robert M. La Follette, Jr., was warning the Senate that Great Power domination of the proposed world organization would imperil the hope for peace (see Page 1), the determination of one of the Great Powers—Soviet Russia—to retain a complete and overriding veto in the proposed world organization was endangering the hope of conference success...
...The late President Roosevelt intervened as Commander-in-Chief to clear the way for Army officer candidate training for Joseph Lash, left-wing youth leader and personal friend of Mrs...
...Every eligible worker would be entitled to 26 weeks of benefits in any one year, and would be entitled to a maximum of $25 a week...
...Report On Corporate Profits Reports released by the Securities and Exchange Commission made it clear that Big Business has piled up staggering profits and reserves for the reconversion period...
...Draper said...
...German public health, he said, is "very good...
...These were but 2 of many cutbacks and production changes which will soon have a far-ranging effect on the national economy...
...So gloomy was the situation that Thomas F. Reynolds, the Chicago Sun's White House correspondent who is covering the conference, found it necessary to report that "there has been no talk of a 'walkout' by any power, but all efforts are constantly being directed to prevent circumstances developing which might prompt one...
...Member nations are to provide contingent armed forces and special aviation units which could be called upon by the proposed world security council if and when necessary...
...In Detroit the Army ordered production of B-24 bombers at the famed Willow Run plant to stop June 30, displacing 10,865 workers...
...A bitter battle over the veto rights of the Great Powers threatened for a time to wreck the conference, but ever-smiling Secretary of State Edward Stettinius expressed the conviction that the issue would be resolved and the conference ended before very long...
...They are badly needed for the duration for the reconversion emergency...
...A charge by Sen...
...The measure, introduced by Sens...
Vol. 9 • June 1945 • No. 24
