THE WEEK IN REVIEW
THE WEEK IN REVIEW San Francisco THE end of hostilities in Europe this week dramatized anew the failure of the United Nations thus far to agree on basic, specific issues which must be resolved if...
...Rotation in office is good and should be wholesome...
...Moscow was also silent on Anglo-American refusal to recognize the government installed in Austria last week by the Russians...
...It accords "freedom of religious belief," but bars all religious ceremonies except Catholic...
...Justice Murphy delivered the majority opinion, and concurring with him were Justices Black, Douglas, Rutledge, and Reed...
...Molotov of our great concern on learning after such a long delay of this disturbing development, which has a direct bearing on the working out of the Polish problem...
...The United States has projected a plan for international trusteeships which would allow this nation to retain Japanese naval and air bases...
...We have asked Mr...
...Last week 3 men were acquitted by a California jury of blowing up the home of a Nisei, after the defense attorney had summed up his plea with the slogan: "This is a white man's country...
...The Crimea (Yalta) agreement on Poland provided for consultations with representatives of the Warsaw provisional government and with Polish democratic political leaders from within Poland and from abroad...
...The British plan, on the other hand, makes no such distinctions, but would recognize the military factor by providing special arrangements for strategic areas in certain mandated areas...
...The Polish Government-in-Exile expressed alarm at the disappearance of the Polish resistance leaders...
...Burton K. Wheeler, chairman of the strategic Senate Committee on Interstate Commerce, charged last week that the big radio chains are carrying "one-sided propaganda" on international and national issues...
...There were major differences of opinion, too, over occupation of Germany, Russia's unilateral action in Austria, possession of the vital Adriatic port of Trieste, the disposition of islands and territories wrested from Japan in the Pacific—not to mention the multitude of disputes over the make-up and powers of the proposed international organization itself...
...Now I ask you to carry on...
...The American and British Governments did not criticize the composition of the regime, but rather Russia's action in flouting her Yalta agreement to consult with the other two Great Powers on the governments of areas liberated from the Nazi yoke...
...Many of the proposed amendments reflected 1) the fear of the small and medium nations that the Big 3 would have arbitrary power to run the world under the original scheme...
...Starvation...
...It failed, he said, because "we lived and thought in a political world and did not foresee the economic and social upheavals which were to change the very basis of our society...
...A series of 22 amendments to the Dumbarton Oaks document were submitted by the controlling Powers...
...The director of the University of Milan's medical institute who examined Mussolini's brain last week reported it very ordinary...
...In the remaining area of the territory involved the trustee would be under the supervision of a trusteeship council responsible to the far more numerous General Assembly...
...Homer Ferguson, Michigan Republican, recommended last week that the U. S. Government request of Russia that American newsmen be given access to eastern Europe to report on conditions in those areas...
...Smuts, 75-year-old elder statesman of the British Empire who took an active part in the Peace Conferences of 1918-1919, said that the old League of Nations was "a noble effort," and that it failed in only one respect—that it did not prevent war...
...Conflict Over Bases At mid-week, Moscow and Molotov remained silent on the nature of the charges and the evidence to support them...
...OP A. Asking for the extension of price controls for another year, President Truman hit back at "irresponsible" critics of the OPA program and praised its record as one of the "most remarkable achievements" of the war...
...One amendment, for instance, emphasizes that all states, large and small, obligate themselves not only to outlaw war as an instrument of national policy, but to adhere to the principles of justice and international law, to respect the principles of self-determination, and to "assist in the realization of human rights and basic freedoms for all...
...Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., and British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden were shocked by this admission...
...Persecution of Japanese-Americans on the West Coast continues to mount...
...Request...
...THE WEEK IN REVIEW San Francisco THE end of hostilities in Europe this week dramatized anew the failure of the United Nations thus far to agree on basic, specific issues which must be resolved if there is to be any real hope for enduring peace and an orderly reconstruction of war-devastated Europe...
...Ferguson pointed out that although we share control responsibility for that section of Europe we have no way of knowing facts concerning conditions there...
...If they did not voluntarily begin carrying both sides, he said, he would introduce legislation requiring them to do so...
...The 16 Poles arrived in two groups, the second reaching the agreed-upon meeting place, a town called Pruszkow, on Mar...
...Spokesmen for the Big 3 had just reported heartening progress in ironing out organization disagreements when the latest explosion on the Polish question rocked the conference and led to reports that the entire issue micht be dropped by the San Francisco conference even though that would mean that Poland, first nation to stand up to Hitler's Nazi hordes, would not be represented at all at the conference...
...New York City's noisy, pugnacious little Mayor, Fiorello La Guardia, announced this week he would not seek a 4th term in the Fall elections...
...Jackson is reported to believe in fair trials for all the accused...
...Some of the amendments sought to meet criticism of the original plan by hooking the proposed international organization to principles of justice and international law...
...Six out of every 10 Americans believe this nation will have to fight another war within 50 years, and more than half of these expect it within 25 years, the National Opinion Research Center reported last week after sampling public opinion...
...A major provision, in this "Bill of Rights" provides that all Spaniards "owe faithful service to the fatherland, loyalty to the chief of state, and obedience to the law...
...The decision represents a great victory for the nation's coal-diggers who have long contended for pay for time spent traveling from mine opening to the actual working place and back again...
...Patience and fortitude...
...Defense...
...Meanwhile, scores of amendments for the original Dumbarton Oaks-Yalta plan for international organization were being tossed into the hopper here at San Francisco...
...A basic conflict has developed over the disposition of territories wrested from Japan in the Pacific...
...Names And Notes In The News Flower Fades...
...Ordinary...
...They issued sharp statements criticizing Soviet conduct and breaking off further discussion of the Polish problem...
...Bias...
...President Truman last week reappointed David E. Lilienthal to be head of TVA (See comment on Pages 7 and 16), named Robert E. Han-negan, chairman of the Democratic National Committee, to succeed Postmaster General Frank G. Walker, who resigned, and chose Justice Robert Jackson of the U. S. Supreme Court as chief American counsel for the prosecution of major European Axis leaders and their accessories...
...The U. S. Supreme Court ruled this week in a 5 to 4 decision that coal miners are entitled to portal-to-portal underground wages...
...Ditched by virtually all the important political groups in New York, the tempestuous "Little Flower" defiantly asserted he could be reelected without the support of any party, but had decided as far back as 1941 to retire from the mayoralty when his third term was completed...
...Page 16...
...See editorial, "Formula for Frisco...
...It grants "freedom of assembly for lawful purposes...
...London and Washington also inquired of Moscow, but received no reply...
...It showed characteristics of neither genius nor maniac, he said...
...2) the growing concern over the Soviet-inspired provision which gives every one of the Great Powers an absolute veto power in the councils of the organization...
...Arthur H. Vandenberg, Michigan Republican and a member of the American delegation, has taken the lead in demanding an amendment which would provide for review and revision of treaties and settlements reached during the war, but he has encountered stiff Russian opposition...
...Russia has proceeded in much the same way in virtually every nation in Central Europe freed from Nazi rule, and Marshal Stalin has insisted that American and British officials, observers, and newspaper men be barred from making first-hand inspection trips through those countries...
...The original Dumbarton Oaks scheme did not even mention the obligation to uphold justice...
...Thereafter no news reached the outside world regarding their movements...
...Molotov has now officially informed Mr...
...Warning...
...The Franco-style "Bill of Rights" allows Spaniards freedom of speech, as long as they do not criticize the "fundamental principles" of the Falangist state...
...Bill of Rights.' Watching the collapse of Hitlerism and Fascism in Europe, Spain's Dictator Franco hastily announced a "Bill of Rights" for Spain—six years after the civil war had ended...
...Said Stettinius in his statement: "For the last month we have been asking the Soviet government about the report that a large number of prominent Polish democratic leaders in Poland had met for discussion with Soviet authorities during the latter part of March...
...I do not believe that in our form of government, chief executives should be elected time after time," La Guardia said...
...Molotov for a complete list of the names of these Polish political leaders who have been arrested and a full explanation of this action...
...Sen...
...Field Marshal Jan Christian Smuts of South Africa summoned the conference to include a declaration of human rights in the covenant of the new organization...
...Poll...
...The flash that Nazi Germany had surrendered unconditionally caught the Big 3 at San Francisco—Soviet Russia, Great Britain, and the United States—embroiled in their biggest row of the conference on the explosive question of Poland...
...Then, one day last week here at San Francisco, Soviet Commissar V. M. Molotov revealed, in a most "off-hand" manner, that the Poles had been arrested and are being held for trial in Russia on charges of "diversionist activity against the Red Army...
...Further discussions must await a reply...
...let's keep it that way...
...The Executive Council of the American Federation of Labor last week called for measures to expedite reconversion, warning that unless steps are taken to prevent it "mass unemployment will grip America in 1945...
...Although Britain and the United States present a solid front in opposing the Kremlin's unilateral actions in Europe, the two English-speaking Powers are far from agreed on other issues...
...Appointments...
...You gave me a job and I did it," he said in a Sunday broadcast to the city...
...The American plan divides a territory into 2 categories—a strategic area in which a military base might be established and in which the trustee power would be subject only in a limited degree to supervision by the Security Council of the proposed world organization...
...The Missing Poles Background of the newest row is this in brief: A group of Polish resistance leaders, including the commander of the Polish underground army, left for Russia for a series of conferences at the invitation of Soviet authorities...
...Portal Pay...
...Eden and myself that these leaders were arrested on the charge of 'diversionist activities against the Red Army.' "We told Mr...
...Foreign Economic Administrator Leo T. Crowley said last week that conditions in Europe are so bad that nearly 250,000,000 people there would have to receive supplemental food "just to exist...
Vol. 9 • May 1945 • No. 20
