COLHOUN, TILLMAN: POLITICAL CONTRASTS
Hesseltine, William B.
Calhoun, Tillman: Political Contrasts JOHN C. CALHOUN: NATIONALIST, 1782-1828, by Charles M. Wiltse. Bobbs-Merrill. $3.75. PITCHFORK BEN TILLMAN: SOUTH CAROLINIAN, by Francis Butler Simkins....
...He wrote The Popular Practice of Fraud...
...SIX decades elapsed between the time that Calhoun turned from his early nationalism and the day that Ben Tillman began to organize South Carolina's wool-hat farmers...
...She was formerly a specialist in employment and relief spending for the Secretary of the Treasury...
...JANE STAFFORD is the featured medical writer for Science Service, a non-profit organization...
...Already an ardent war monger, Calhoun began his national career by shouting loudly and intriguing constantly for war with England...
...He reorganized the Army's staff, extended frontier posts into the Indian country, reorganized Indian trade, and used the Army to advance western explorations...
...Reviewed by William B. Hesseltine THE once sovereign state of South Carolina has played a strange role, filled with contrasts, in American history...
...He breathed patriotic fire from both nostrils as he contem plated New England's reluctance to support the war and as he faced the cynical opposition of Virginia's Who's Who In This Issue MAX C. OTTO is chairman of the department of philosophy of the University of Wisconsin...
...Calhoun's Bank had evolved into a national banking system which picked Southern cotton for Wall Street...
...Simkins, "is written in heroic terms...
...Eager to promote national greatness, Calhoun became Secretary of War...
...4.50...
...C. S. SEELY, now retired, is executive editor of Navy News...
...With only a brief glance at Calhoun's early life and his Carolina political connections, the author begins with Calhoun's election to Congress in 1810...
...Calhoun's patriotic protectionism had nursed infant industries until they had grown to giant trusts...
...Among his books are Things and Ideals and The Human Enterprise...
...Charles M. Wiltse, in his biography, tells only the early part of the story...
...2, 1944, issue...
...Then, with ardent nationalism as his program, he began to work for the Presidency...
...The 1-gallus farmers made their champion governor for two terms, and sent him, for 23 years, to the U. S. Senate...
...EDNA LONIGAN teaches at Brooklyn College...
...By that time, South Carolina's leadership had turned a full circle and was nationalistic again...
...Calhoun was a cultured gentleman, Tillman a deliberate boor: Colhoun was a political philosopher, Tillman a political agitator...
...It was a strange democracy, but it illustrated, as Calhoun's career had done, the strange conflicts in South Carolina's history...
...MILTON MAYER is on the staff of the University of Chicago and is nationally known for his magazine articles...
...JAMES S. HAMILTON is the executive director of the National Board of Review, a citizens' agency dedicated to improving the level of motion pictures without resort to censorship...
...Two recent biographies of South Carolina leaders illustrate the contradictions which have gone, in the past, to make up the state...
...Yet the story of their lives suggests indeed that crude, violent Tillmanism was a logical result of the acts of John C. Calhoun...
...He is an authority on the Pacific Northwest...
...LT...
...The book ends just as Calhoun began to repent his ways and to oppose the protectionist tariff...
...Tillman spoke the raucous voices of the "wool-hat, 1-gallus" men of the eroded cotton patches...
...he was the founder of the sort of democracy his state cherishes, and he was truly representative of this democracy...
...Simkins traces Tillman's long career with sure scholarship and deep understanding...
...JOHN HAYNES HOLMES is pastor of New York City's Community Church and editor of Unity...
...His articles have appeared in Life, Harper's, and the American Mercury...
...John Randolph...
...CAPT...
...WILLIAM B. HESSELTINE is a professor of American history at the University of Wisconsin...
...From the Palmetto State came the most ardent defense of slavery and the aggressive leadership of secession...
...But, except in these superficial things, they had little in common...
...RICHARD L. NEUBERGER served nearly 2 years with the Army in Alaska and the Canadian Arctic...
...He sponsored a new Bank of the United States, advocated internal improvements, a large army, and a protective tariff...
...The very list suggests the conflicts and contrasts in the state...
...COMDR...
...Holmes' article, "Gandhi At 75," in the Oct...
...Calhoun's career was long, and itself filled with contradictions...
...ERNEST L. MEYER is on the foreign desk of the New York Daily News...
...T. SWANN HARDING is a scientifically trained agricultural analyst...
...When his efforts and prayers brought the war of 1812, Calhoun became the war's chief mobilizer...
...During and after the war, he worked to impose a nationalistic program...
...It is the story of the young War Hawk who became one of the most ardent nationalists in American history...
...Cole Blease, "Cotton Ed" Smith, Daniel C. Roper, and Jimmy Byrnes...
...OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD, the distinguished former editor of the Nation and the New York Post, is one of the country's most respected analysts of domestic and foreign affairs...
...As governor, Tillman founded Clemson and Winthrop colleges and inaugurated and fought for a state liquor monopoly...
...And as the nation grew, South Carolina shrank from a sovereign state to an insignificant colony...
...In those decades, Calhoun's nation had followed the pathway to greatness...
...In 1824, Calhoun won the Vice Presidency while Adams and Clay took over the Carolinian's nationalistic program...
...As political dictator of South Carolina, he forced a rewriting of the state constitution to disfranchise Negroes...
...As Senator, Pitchfork Ben distinguished himself mostly by violent attacks on Grover Cleveland and Theodore Roosevelt...
...Against this national system Ben Tillman, who wanted to stick a pitchfork in Grover Cleveland's fat ribs, led a farmers' revolt...
...Louisiana State University Press...
...From the home of Pickens and the Pinckneys have come, within the past century, a strange assortment of public men —John C. Calhoun, Robert Barnwell Rhett, Wade Hampton, Ben Tillman...
...Readers of The Progressive will remember Dr...
...He recognizes the basic weaknesses in the rude, vituperative Tillman, but he recognizes, as well, the forces which brought him into being...
...When he died in 1918, he was Chairman of the Senate Committee on Naval Affairs, and had turned his demo-gogic talents to damning the Kaiser and thanking God for Woodrow Wilson...
...FRED RODELL, a professor of law at Yale now on leave in New Mexico, followed the late President—for whom he voted 3 times—and the Roosevelt Administration—where he has had many friends on the "inside" —with keen analytical interest...
...Calhoun's internal improvements had grown into a railroad network whose iron rails bound every inland hamlet to New York...
...Hamilton has been identified with the film industry as scenario writer, critic, and editor for a quarter of a century...
...Calhoun, in a word, was the representative of Carolina's proud planter aristocracy...
...John C. Calhoun and Pitchfork Ben Tillman were both dominant figures in their home state, and both were U. S. Senators...
...In South Carolina came some of the worst excesses of reconstruction and of "restoration...
...His evil, like his good," says Dr...
Vol. 9 • April 1945 • No. 18
