HOME AND EDUCATION

...The horseshoe which a blacksmith used to turn by hand on his anvil, and temper in his own little fire with a very accurate appreciation of the changing tints of the hot metal, is now turned out by machinery as one of a hundred thousand, almost without touch of human hand or glance of human eye...

...Brandeis and Mr...

...but this improvement has been accompanied by a decline in the amount and quality of the, sense training which children and adolescents have received...

...Eliot, the other by Ernesto Nelson, Director of Secondary Education, Argentina...

...Eliot's plea is but the latest presentation of the twentieth century educational ideals...

...The women of the Supreme Court circle are not as well known nor as popular as the women of the Cabinet circle, but their receptions during the social season are well attended and they usually return their official calls promptly...

...The, adoption of Ihese principles would solve justly problems in the American tax-supported systems of public education which have been in debate for generations...

...Her mother spent two years at Wellesley and Catherine has always desired to attend her mother's college...

...because it is an admirable mode of expression which supplements language and is often to be preferred to its lies at the foundation of excellence in many arts and trades, affords simultaneously good training for both eye and hand, and gives much enjoyment throughout life to the, possessor of even a moderate amount of skill...

...Hughes say that she and her husband both very much preferred the life here to the stress of a political career...

...She is active together with her husband and other members of her family in the work of the Baptist church...

...Hanford Henderson, John Dewey, G. Stanley Hall, Marietta Johnson, and other pioneers—have been agitating a revolution in educational standards...

...Justice and Mrs...

...If the educational material and the method of instruction were, right, the training given in the grades would be just as good for the children who leave school at fourteen as for those who go on till eighteen, and the training in the high school would be equally appropriate for pupils who do not go to college as for those who do...

...She has been an important factor in the Woman's City Club of Boston and an efficient worker for suffrage...

...They need make the, first call only upon her and upon the social representatives of Ambassadors...

...only willing, but has given that' wholehearted and sustaining support which can only come from inner conviction...

...Her father, W. S. Carter, was, I believe, at one time the law partner of Matt Carpenter...

...She is ten years younger than her husband to whom she is distantly related...

...It would not' have been possible for him to have made the great sacrifices—to have devoted so much time, energy and money to the public welfare, if she had...

...Elizabeth Brandeis, the second daughter, is Mrs...

...and Mrs...

...She dresses well, in soft colors and clinging materials that enhance her good poise and graceful movement...

...It should be the same with the language and' history studies in every public-school program...

...Hughes has a happy way of greeting all comers and making them feel at home even though she may have time for but a few words...

...From earliest boyhood it had been his ambition to study law and follow his father's profession...

...He works with great intensity, but knows the value of exercise and relaxation...

...Drawing, both freehand and mechanical, should be given ample time in every secondary school program...

...And what one feels most' strongly in Alice Brandeis' personality, is the warmth of human symathy, the heart quality that draws people to her instinctively...

...The eldest daughter, Helen, graduated from Vassar a year or so ago...

...The power of concentrated attention in carpentry, turning, forging, or farm work is easily transferred to work in reading, writing, ciphering, or at a later stage in history, literature, and civics...

...First of all, however, she is by choice and temperament devoted to her family...

...They have contended that the curriculum, the text book, the examination paper, should not be made the measure of children's educational advancement...

...During all the years she has met the storm of misrepresentation and abuse, that swept' about him, with equanimity of spirit, proud of the record he was making, rejoicing in the service he was rendering...

...Brandeis drops all cares and plays and enjoys sport with the spirit of a boy...

...The general result is an inadequate training of the senses of the rising generation for accurate and quick observation...

...In cities and large towns the trade which a boy chooses, or is assigned to, no longer demands for admission a prolonged apprenticeship...

...Later he removed to New York and was very successful...

...She did not enter the Washington social swim, but has devoted herself seriously to Y. W. C. A. and other religious work...

...Whenever by the use of observational and concrete methods, the pupils' power of attention and of concentrated effort is developed, that power of attention once acquired can be exercised in other subjects...

...Hughes before, you go up the broad stairway to the drawing room above, with a pleasant sense of anticipation...

...Hughes seldom accepts invitations to luncheons because she wishes to be at home with this youngest' daughter for the, mid-day meal, which, yon may be sure, is a very wholesome one,—an egg or chop with a baked potato and a glass of milk...

...She is rather tall and slender but has a strong frame...

...In secondary schools situated in the country the elements of agriculture should have an important place in the program, and the pupils should all work in the school gardens and experimental plats, both individually and in co-operation with others...

...Sometimes he rides horseback with one of the daughters...

...Their families settle here expect ing to make the Capital their permanent home The feeling is quite, different from that of the Congressional group whose personnel is constantly changing with the recurring elections, - The social rank of the women of the, Supreme Court is next to that of the Lady of the White House...

...Yet I have no doubt she, gave him cordial support when he yielded to the sense of obligation which impelled him to give up the more, congenial work and life position on the Supreme Bnch for the uncertainties and strain of the political arena...

...And it was characteristic of her that she- always had a cordial word and smile in response to his boyish enthusiasm and admiration...

...She is vice president of a Woman's Clinic, which gives medical adviee to working women for a nominal sum...

...She purposed entering a law school at once, but deferred doing so far a year to work for suffrage in Massachusetts...

...She has many friends and comrades among the working girls of Boston...

...It contains two papers presented at the Pan-American Scientific Congress, one by Dr...

...If her husband should not be, chosen President, Mrs...

...been different...

...UTTIE CHANGES which ought to be made im-* mediately in the programs of American secondary schools, in order to correct the glaring deficiencies of the present programs, are chiefly the introduction of more hand, ear, and eye work, such as drawing, carpentery...

...I should not like, to believe Mrs...

...This principle holds true not only of manual or bodily labor but also of games and sports and of co-operation in rhythmical movements, like dancing...

...In some small degree our schools have responded to the new thought, but as yet, little more than a dent has been made in our school plan...

...It will interest many of our readers to know that they have lived next door to our friend Mrs...

...The progressive sense-training from beginning to end of systematic education is desirable for all pupils, whatever their destination in after life, and should prepare every pupil for his best entrance on earning a livi-hood, at whatever age that necessity is to come upon him...

...The accurate joints a carpenter used to make by the careful use of his own eyes and hands are now made by machines almost without human intervention...

...She is a beautiful girl, very fond of home and friends but also a good student and interested in college activir ties...

...The educational publicist must keep in mind the interests of the 9"> per cent, of the children, rather than those of the 5 per cent...

...Hughes is a native of Milwaukee...

...Glendower Evans...

...Brandeis are singularly united and happy...

...It is deplorable, as I have at times reiterated ?n these pages, that the United States should be so far behind the countries of Europe in establishing a Department of Education, and that our national interest in the most important of governmental functions should find expression in a meagerly-supported Bureau...

...More than once I have heard Mrs...

...They usually take their summer vacation at Yarmouth where they spend much time in sailing...

...Flexibility and adaptation to individual needs would still be necessary in the programs, first, in order to enable the individual pupil to concentrate on the studies he prefers and excels in...

...In 1888 he married Antoinette Carter...

...The Brandeis home in Boston for the past eighteen years has been on a secluded but convenient: street, overlooking the River, not far from the Common...

...You enter a large hall on the ground floor...

...At every stage, or in every grade, they should be suitable for every pupil, no matter what his destination...

...The Justice's library is on the right...

...turning, music sewing, and cooking...

...BRANDEIS, the wife of the distin-guished man who recently took the oath of office and a seat upon the Supreme, Bench, is a rare and interesting woman...

...Evans were college chums...

...Brandeis us\ially take, a daily walk together after office hours...

...Hughes have, one son and three daughters...

...Her features are well marked,—clear, intelligent ores and a countenance that lights up beautifully when she smiles...

...For Mrs...

...D ULLETIN, 1916, No...

...Her mother's devotion is of the wise kind...

...Both merit careful study by parents as well as teachers...

...It is only as the public is convinced of the, need of radical changes in our educational methods and demands them, that they will be secured...

...One formal reception and one formal dinner at the White House is given each year in honor of the Supreme Court...

...and secondly to enable pupils of different capacity to advance at different rates...

...Again, music should be given a substantial place in the program of every secondary school, in order that all the pupils may learn musical notation, and may get much practice in reading music and in singing...

...During her college course she lived oh an allowance, more of which went for causes than for clothes...

...Elizabeth, the younger daughter, is still at Ratcliffe...

...Eliot's ** remarkable paper: "The boy on a farm has admirable opportunities to train eye, ear, and hand, because he can always be looking at the sky and the soils, the woods, the crops, and the forests, having familiar intercourse with many domestic animals, using various tools, listening to the innumerable sweet sounds which wind, water, birds, and insects make on the countryside, and in his holidays hunting, fishing, and roaming...

...Nelson in the beginning of his paper suggests the responsibility that rests upon us —upon you and me and the rest of the folks who have children in school—when he says: "Dr...

...In city schools a manual training should be given which should prepare a boy for any one of many different trades, not by familiarizing him with the details of actual work in any trades, but by giving him an all-round bodily vigor, a nervous system capable of multiform co-ordinated efforts, a liking for doing his best in competition with mates, and a widely applicable skill of eye and hand...

...Hughes has led a protected life...

...Susan, the elder, graduated from Bryn Mawr a year ago...

...His quick eye never failed to spy her in her electric—which she herself drives—nor at any social gathering where she chanced to be...

...The youngest child, Elizabeth, is a great favorite, but quite unspoiled...

...Considering that Dr...

...But she seems not to have taken any stand on the issue publicly and I have an idea she would shrink from sharing in the struggle...

...She is lovely to look upon, with a face like a- cameo...

...It is but a small percentage of the youth of the, country that go to the colleges and the higher technical schools...

...the school fails in the attainment of its purpose...

...She has a fine mind, constructive power and executive ability, and is abreast' of the times on all questions of the day...

...Susan is frank, open-hearted and although an indefatigable worker, she enjoys dancing and a good time as every youthful person should...

...It requires only casual knowledge of her fine womanliness to predict that whatever the outcome she will adapt herself admirably to the changed situation...

...Machinery turns out an ample product, without the need of much skilled labor...

...In all his efforts she was not...

...Here Mr...

...Today, the teaching of those trades, without much use of machinery, is the best mode of developing tlie natural powers of a backward people...

...Evan8 many years ago, has been a great solace, to the lonely, rarely gifted woman who has since tried to live for two...

...Both as daughter and wife, Mrs...

...Fortunately, however, Mr...

...MES...

...All the, family are fond of the outdoors...

...Long years of educational unrest as an outcome of methods of teaching whose, chief purpose was the storing of the mind with the information given out by books have made lis realize how much this kind of education falls short of the demands of modern life...

...Evans' namesake...

...Sorely conservatives should sit up and listen when the veteran educator, Charles W. Eliot, President Emeritus of Harvard University, joins the ranks of the reformers...

...He has always made it a practice to walk to and from his house and office and he and Mrs...

...If he is elected she will be a much admired and beloved mistress of the White House...

...Hughes will be greatly missed in Washington...

...10, is entitled "Needed Changes in Secondary Education...

...The Justices are appointed foi life...

...The son is already practicing law...

...There is an air of ease and comfort and good taste throughout...

...Hughes entered the firm a junior member...

...When Phil was a lad and made the calls with me, he took special delight in paying respects to Mrs...

...The advent of mechanical power and machinery has greatly impaired the educational value of many trades, and this impairment has become so common that it may almost be called universal...

...but that same invariability makes the tending of the machine of-little use in the education of the human being that tends it—child, woman or man...

...If the elementary and secondary' schools served well boys and girls from six to eighteen years of age, the main reform would, in time, be accomplished...

...The close family friendship that remained unbroken after the death of Mr...

...His mother told me that he had never questioned what he was to be...

...There are two children...

...Their Washington home is certain to radiate a fine intellectual and social influence...

...She is of the gentlewoman type, with a degree of freedom and Western friendliness that gives her an unusually winning personality...

...The bulletins issued under his directions cover a large field of investigation and are a valuable source of suggestion and enlightment as to what is being done in the world of education...

...Brandeis takes all his recreation with his family...

...IJERE are a few extracts from Dr...

...Hughes has not the grasp and intelligence to see that the extension of the right of suffrage to women is an inevitable step in the, world's progress...

...But one can not imagine her giving much time to the usual social round of Washington...

...RJIRS...

...The fundamental trades, such as those of the carpenter, mason, blacksmith, wheelwright, painter, hand leatherworker and shoemaker, have provided immensely valuable education for the human race and have, indeed, been the chief means of raising barbarous peoples to a condition of approximate civilization...

...Her point of view is undoubtedly conservative...

...It stands just at the rise of the hill on Sixteenth Street and Florida Avenue...

...In the meanwhile there is tremendous waste of educational effort — children's interest is deadened, their nerves are taxed, they do not reach the goal...

...At Dedham, some ten miles out of Boston, the Brandeises have a simple summer home, where it has been their habit to spend Sunday the year round...

...and the, giving of much more time to the sciences of observation— chemistry, physics, biology, and geography, not political, but geologial and ethnographical geography...

...HUGHES, whose husband has resigned his place on the Supreme Court Bench to accept the Republican nomination for President', is a very pleasing hostess...

...These sciences should be taught in the most concrete manner possible—that is, in laboratories, with ample experimenting done by the individual pupil with his own eyes and hands, and in the field through the pupil's own observation guided by expert leaders...

...Eliot's plea is being duplicated in every civilized country in the, world, and that it is not a new plea, it does seem wonderful that the realization of the ideal it expresses should still demand the combined efforts of the foremost educators of all lands...

...so that the reduction in the so-called academic studies made to allow the introduction of observational studies need not result in less attainment in the academic studies themselves...

...The great increase of urban population at the expense of rural which has taken place during the past sixty years, with the accompanying growth of factories and the crowding together of the, working people and their families, has resulted, so far as schools and colleges are concerned, in placing more children and youths than formerly under the influence of .systematic education and keeping them there for a longer period...

...Strong, true and purposeful, she has delightful humor and social gift...

...Her dark eyes, fair skin and delicate coloring are brought out more markedly by her prematurely white hair...

...The ordinary uniformity of a machine product is due to invariability in the action of the machine, and this invariability is a main object from the point of view of the inventor or the proprietor...

...for it is on the wise treatment of the mass of the population during youth that a modern democracy must rely for assuring the public health, prosperity, and happiness...

...Although the Brandeises have simple tastes and are averse to every kind of display, they live very comfortably and are delightfully hospitable...

...Solving the Problems of Educational Unrest FOR a quarter of a century, distinguished educators—C...

...She is public spirited and self sacrificing...

...but that the student's individual growth, and self development and preparation for life should constitute the test of school progress...

...At their Boston home there meet at dinners and informal gatherings, young Harvard students and professors, social workers and interesting, worth-while people from everywhere...

...Claxton, the, Commissioner of the Bureau, is wide-visioned and progressive...

...The Hughes home is large and spacious, without frills either exterior or interior...

...The second daughter, Catherine, plans to go to Wellesley next year...

...If you have chanced to call on Mrs...