THE WEEK IN JAPAN
THE WEEK IN REVIEW InpHE United States Senate embarked this week on. i J- debate of one of the most bitterly controversial of home-front issues. Before it were two opposing measures—the George Bill...
...Maximum state payments now range from $15 to $22 a week for periods of from 14 to 24 weeks...
...Louis, Bricker made this comment: "The act of Smith, in associating my name with his on a spurious ticket without any notice of any kind whatsoever, is the cheapest of demagoguery...
...A Philadelphia Negro walked into Independence Hall last week and hurled a rock at the Liberty Bell, shouting, "Liberty Bell...
...Roy McKittrick by about 20,000 votes...
...Liberty Bell...
...The walkout of 6,000 transit workers paralyzed the city's transportation facilities until Government seizure of...
...Hamilton Fish, New York Republican, won a close contest despite the bitter opposition of Gov...
...Inevitably, in this year of a Presidential election, the issue was becoming a political football with Democrats and Republicans seeking to advance their claims as the party best qualified to guide the nation through the jungle of postwar problems...
...Odds...
...Angered by Smith's action in nominating Bricker to be Vice Presidential candidate for his own party as well as the GOP, Dewey issued this statement at Springfield, 111.: "Gerald Smith is one of those rabble rousers, who, like Adolf Hitler, makes racial prejudice his stock in trade...
...The Basic Differences The George Bill is confined almost exclusively to the problem of unemployment compensation...
...He also contended that it would make state unemployment insurance agencies "mere vassals of the Federal Government...
...Sponsors of the measure said it would assure workers payments for at least 52 weeks if they register with the U. S. Employment Service, and do not obtain work at prevailing wage rates...
...Racism...
...Thomas E. Dewey, Republican candidate for President, conferred with 26 GOP governors, that the issue would be one of the most thoroughly debated of the campaign...
...car, bus, and subway networks brought a belated restoration of service...
...Press dispatches from Brittany this week quoted captured Nazi soldiers as boasting of a new German secret weapon—an invisible plane that can fly to New York and return to Germany without being seen or heard...
...In a post-primary statement, Clark "cheerfully accepted the verdict," described his defeat as "a notable temporary triumph for the Communist-controlled CIO," and said that the people of Missouri "will not be unfavorable to my record in the Senate when the hysteria of war has passed...
...That's a lot of bunk...
...Louis...
...Before it were two opposing measures—the George Bill and the Kilgore Bill, each providing its own "answer" to the perplexing problem of protecting war workers from insecurity during the period in which the nation's economy is reconverting to civilian production...
...those with one dependent would receive $25...
...Called in defiance of CIO leaders and with the apparent support of some officials of an independent union, the strike sought to prevent eight veteran Negro employes from taking assigned positions as trolley operators...
...Chapman Revercomb, West Virginia Republican, asserted that Kil-gore's legislation would "place a premium upon unemployment and will be an inducement to people to avoid work...
...He will practice law in New York and help Truman's bid for Vice President...
...4. Mustering-out pay for war veterans (now $100 to $300) would be increased on a sliding scale, ranging from $200 for a single person, $250 for a person with one dependent, $300 for one with two dependents, upward according to length of service and overseas duty...
...It rests on the premise that a legislative program for industrial demobilization and reconversion can be divided into separate bills, each to be acted upon separately...
...3. Six months of vocational training for new jobs, with maintenance allowances—in lieu of unemployment benefits—ranging from $50 to $100 a month, based on dependency...
...James Mead, New York Democrat...
...It became increasingly clear, from developments in St...
...Dewey's campaign swing into the Middle West provided him and his running mate, Ohio's Gov...
...those with two, $30, and those with three or more, $35...
...The Fish, Clark Contests Meanwhile, Rep...
...Kilgore Bill Provisions The Kilgore Bill also contains a number of other provisions, the most important of which are: 1. Establishment of central office of economic mobilization and adjustment charged with coordination of war production, contract termination, reconversion, disposition of military and civilian goods, and placement of returning service men and civilian workers...
...Elected unanimously to succeed Truman, Mead announced that "it is my intention to carry on along the same non-partisan lines and with the same investigative policies as were established under the chairmanship of Sen...
...Music Lovers...
...John Bricker, with opportunities to repudiate any support that has or might be forthcoming from Gerald L. K. Smith, rabble-rousing, self-proclaimed leader of the "America First Party...
...Opposed as an "isolationist" and foe of the Roosevelt Administration, Clark carried many of the rural counties but lost heavily in St...
...2. Provision for transportation allowances up to $200 to workers who are required to move to take a new job...
...Unemployed workers would be guaranteed payments equal to at least 75 per cent of their wartime earnings—up to a maximum payment of $35 a week...
...Harry Truman, Missouri Democrat, since its establishment 3Y> years ago, has a new chairman—Sen...
...Budget...
...Lloyds of London is now betting 8 to 5 that the war in Europe will end before Oct...
...The famed Senate War Investigating Committee, headed by Sen...
...Smith explained that even with the defeat of Germany "expenditures for pay and subsistence, including mustering-out pay, will remain at a high level all through the fiscal year...
...Louis where New York's Gov...
...Dewey's Swing West It was clear enough to any trained observer in Washington that political pressures were being exerted on both sides in the battle of reconversion...
...Bricker is a sinister effort to smear the Republican candidate for Vice President...
...Moreover, this measure would authorize the states to pay unemployment compensation to an estimated 2,-i)00,000 Federal workers, such as employes of Government war plants, arsenals, and shipyards, for which the Federal Treasury would reimburse them...
...His contemptible attempt to associate himself with Gov...
...Harley Kilgore, West Virginia Democrat...
...Philip Murray, president of the CIO, characterized the George proposal as a "feeble and synthetic substitute" for the human phases of the Kilgore measure and charged that its introduction "only confuses the issue...
...It would pay unemployment compensation according to Federalized standards and at rates differing with various groups...
...George Tucker, president of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America who has lived in Japan 24 years, contended last week it would be better to let the Japanese keep their Emperor, whom he termed "liberal in sentiment...
...At a press conference in St...
...I think it would be much better for them if they split their vote between the two major parties...
...Bennett Clark was defeated for re-nomination on the Democratic ticket, losing to Atty...
...It would continue the payment of jobless benefits according to state schedules, but would provide for guaranteeing the solvency of state funds by means of Federal loans...
...The Negro, like countless other Americans, was furious at the outlaw strike of Philadelphia's transportation workers in protest against the upgrading of eight Negro workmen...
...Observers were quick to point out that the downward revision of estimates, from $93,000,000,000 in war costs to $90,000,000,000, appeared small compared to a statement by Lieut...
...Kilgore argued that the George Bill was not a "substitute for the human demobilization features" of his own bill, and asserted that the issue of state's rights was "a cloak for those who are opposed to the substance" of his bill...
...In replying to his critics, Sen...
...Unemployed workers without dependents would receive $20 a week maximum...
...A veteran with two dependents and with four years of service (some of it overseas) could collect a maximum of $1,050...
...In Missouri, Sen...
...Harold D. Smith, Director of the Budget, disclosed last week that a $3,000,000,000 cut has been ordered in Federal budget estimates for the current fiscal year ending next June 30 on the assumption that the war with Germany will have ended before then...
...Robert Taft, Ohio Republican, charged that adoption of the Kilgore proposal would "regiment everybody for a two-year period after the war...
...Bricker himself took a hand in the proceedings...
...Walter George, Georgia Democrat, has the backing of many Republicans and conservative Democrats...
...Dewey...
...The bitterness of the struggle could be gauged, in part, by the comments of the principals...
...Supreme Headquarters in France disclosed this week that Allied forces have lost a total of 116,148 men killed, wounded, or missing in Normandy from D-Day, June 6, through July, of which 70,009 were Americans, 39,594 British, and 6,545 Canadians...
...Brehon B. Somervell that the defeat of Germany would cause a 50 per cent cut in the manufacture of war material...
...Liberal.' Bishop Henry St...
...Provisions for disposition of surplus war materials and Government plants in such a way as to prevent further growth of monopoly and strengthen independent enterprise were left to another bill, on which committee work was scheduled to begin this week...
...Asked to explain his estimate, Heifetf>-%aid: "They were at my...
...Casualties...
...Labor, organ of the Railroad Brotherhoods, commented on the Fish and Clark candidacies by charging that "both were subjected to vicious smearing attacks" despite their "good labor records," and were unfairly attacked by the "Communist element" because they had opposed American involvement in war...
...George asserted "that the Democratic Party would "seal its doom in November" if it passed the Kilgore Bill...
...The latter had'denounced Fish's statement on the Jews' role in the campaign as anti-Semitic...
...Workers could receive the compensation for two full years if their prewar and wartime earnings gave them enough credits under state unemployment compensation systems...
...Truman," Hugh Fulton, the Committee's chief counsel, resigned with Truman, declining the Committee's request that he stay on...
...Under Dewey's tutelage, the Republican governors adopted a resolution demanding "comprehensive and immediate action by the national Government" to terminate war contracts as soon as possible and reconvert industry to peacetime production...
...Jascha Heifetz, noted violinist who has just returned >:om an overseas tour of Army camps, reported that 70 to 80 per cent of American Service men in Italy like serious music...
...The bill introduced by Sen...
...Fish had said: "The Jews are more or less for Roosevelt and the New Deal...
...I am of the opinion," he said, "that any statement, hearing, or report for which I would be responsible would be considered by many to have been motivated by political considerations...
...Weapon...
...Names And Notes In The News New Chief...
...The Kilgore Bill provides for far more liberal payment to displaced war workers...
...The resolution was purposely vague and it dodged the basic issue confronting Congress...
...Truman, now the Democratic nominee for Vice President, resigned the chairmanship despite a unanimous vote of Committee members asking him to remain...
...The George and Kilgore measures present a basic conflict...
...concerts and they didn't walk out...
...The Kilgore Bill, on the other hand, represents an over-all attack on the problem and includes a wide variety of protective features not included in the one-track George Bill...
...I denounce it and shall not have my name used in any such connection...
...Virtually all branches of organized labor—the AFL, CIO, and the Railroad Brotherhoods —are lined up solidly behind the legislation sponsored by Sen...
Vol. 8 • August 1944 • No. 33
