BETTER CROPS AND BIGGER PROFITS
Better Crops and Bigger Profits That is What Co-operation in Marketing is Doing for the Fruit Growers of the Country From a Department of Agriculture Bulletin DEVELOPING methods of production and...
...who went out of office on March 4. Mr...
...Seventy-two Republicans, sixty-six Democrats and five Progressives voted for him...
...Senator Gronna and Congressmen Helgesen, Norton and Young met with the League before leaving for Washington to take up their duties in Congress...
...This frequently invites dishonesty, and much swindling has brought the commission men as a class into disfavor and sometimes unjustly...
...The Sullivan forces voted for Charles Boeschenstein, Democratic caucus nominee, on the short term ballot...
...Why Is the Farmer Not Effectively Organized...
...One summer he accumulated from his earnings for helping his neighbors to thresh their wheat what was to him a big sum of money...
...However, it is possible to meet this difficulty by carrying the principle of co-operation a step further and securing loans through a system of co-operative credit, which has done much for European farmers toward solving economic problems of the farm and community...
...Permanent Chairman's address, Colonel Frank P. Holland, president Associated Farm Papers...
...2) It frequently brings about or forces track selling, which in the opinion of some brings better results than consigning, one association, reporting that for 272 cars consigned it received an average of $1 per crate and for 288 cars sold on track $1.66 per crate...
...He was agent for the United States before the United States and Dominican arbitration tribunal in 1904...
...The bureau of chemistry can accomplish as much...
...Improving Farm Credits in America," B. F. Harris, former president Illinois Bankers' Association...
...Both in Germany and in Italy the banks are closely associated with purchasing societies, so that the borrower has the advantage not only of credit on reasonable terms, but also of cooperative purchase and of the advice and guidance of those by whom the loan is sanctioned...
...Educational Aids to Organization," H. J. Waters, president Kansas Agricultural College...
...5) Men of better business ability than the average grower can be secured to manage the association, which means much in the economic disposition of a fruit crop or most any other crop, for many of the best growers, who understand their trees and the methods of care the best, are not the best adapted to deal with men and markets and market conditions...
...Public schools, country churches, other public institutions, and general rural life are apparently made better, all of which tends to check the drift of rural population to towns and cities...
...Following is an extract: "He was always going down to the city prisons, or to the workhouses, and talking to the poor devils there, quite as if he were one of them, which indeed he felt he was, and as all of us are, if we only knew it...
...We completely broke up the old police practice of arresting persons 'on suspicion' and holding them at the will and pleasure of the police without putting a charge against them...
...For many years Professor Moore has been an acknowledged authority on international law and diplomacy...
...Then it is in a position to secure adjustments impossible with the small grower...
...Morning session, April 9—Presiding officer, Colonel Ike T. Pryor, former president Texas Cattle Raisers' Association and Trans Mississippi Congress...
...Difficulties Are Met AMONG the difficulties in the way of co-operation are: (1) The fact that independent growers who do not help support the association get many of the benefits received by the members without paying for them...
...It is an interesting corroboration of the soundness of this principle that these banks do not in practice have any bad debts...
...Frantic efforts were made to tamper with the bill so that it could be passed without really having any effect, but the friends of the measure headed off the jokers and forced the final vote...
...She kept her word...
...Representatives Irvine L. Lenroot of Wisconsin, William Kent of California, Sydney Anderson of Minnesota, and Henry T. Helgesen of North Dakota have declared they will continue in their course until Republican leadership is made fully in accord with the progressive attitude of the millions of members of the party...
...general discussions: "Fruit Growers," P. J. O'Gara, district plant pathologist, Rogue River Valley, Oregon...
...News Notes —President Wilson has announced that Congress will be convened in extra session on April 7. Although he did not specify in his proclamation any legislation that will be presented in his message, still it is known that tariff revision will be the chief work of the session...
...It must be remembered, however, that co-operation is not for the purpose of creating a monopoly or forcing unnatural prices for the product...
...Sherman served during two sessions as speaker, in 1904 was elected lieutenant-governor and before his term had expired President Roosevelt appointed him a member of the Spanish treaty claim commission in 1907...
...Their representative, thoroughly understanding the markets, "with all the growers and a good pack behind him controls a business that demands respect, and he should generally be able to set the price...
...2) it enables the growers to establish a brand that will be known in the markets and will thus insure better prices...
...Educational Aids to Organization," S. E. Mezes, president University of Texas...
...Wiley in the Department of Agriculture, announced for the first time his policy for the administration of the pure food laws in a speech at Milwaukee...
...Charles Douglas, of Scotland, as quoted in a bulletin of the Missouri station, says: "The greatest practical obstacle in the way of agricultural organization is generally the difficulty of finance...
...Colonel Lewis was chosen for a six-year term to succeed Shelby M. Cullom...
...Although he has been a candidate for more political offices than are allotted to most men of his age, he landed only three, first as territorial Senator in the state of Washington...
...Chief of Police Fred Kohler of Cleveland, who won fame throughout the country for the intelligent conduct of his department, was removed from office recently on charges of immorality...
...2) The difficulty of keeping the quality of the goods handled by the association as high as the quality of goods that would be handled by the best growers working independently...
...From the reports of a number of successful associations submitted to the station it is shown that co-operation enables growers to make use of a number of better business methods: (1) By enabling them, through their manager or representative, to meet on equal terms the men with whom they deal...
...In addition to the benefits of co-operation already mentioned, Mr...
...Manufacturers have their rights as well as consumers...
...His long, curly hair and sunset "whiskers" make him a mark of interest wherever he goes...
...Lawrence Y. Sherman, who beat Senator Shelby M. Cullom by a plurality of nearly 50,000, in the Republican primaries in Illinois is a native of Miami county, Ohio, was born November 8, 1858...
...It secures better equipment for handling a crop in a section, as disorganized sections are less likely to have the necessary cold-storage, pre-cooling, and other equipment for the best handling of a fruit crop...
...Scales and Measures That Cheat What Wisconsin's State Inspectors Found in the First Six Months of Their Work this fact which has chiefly led to the development of co-operative credit as an essential adjunct to co-operative purchase...
...In time a Wisconsin farmer may sell his produce and feel certain that he is getting paid for all he delivers...
...On that day Colonel James Hamilton Lewis, Democrat, and Lawrence Yates Sherman, Republican, were elected as United States senators from Illinois...
...Cooperative Finance," Herbert Myrick, president Orange-Judd Farm Weeklies...
...Note these last two items...
...Lewis, often familiarly called "J...
...business session...
...It was no doubt exasperating to be compelled to hang around two or three days and try some wretch according to the forms of law, just as if he were somebody of importance and consequence in the world, when they would so much rather have been out at the ball-game, or fishing, or playing pinochle in the guard-room at police headquarters with the detail that had been relieved...
...This constructive work is carried along with remarkable results in...
...again as congressman from that state, and still more recently as corporation counsel of Chicago...
...But several of the most conspicuous among the progressive Republicans have declined to affiliate themselves with the Roosevelt group...
...Grain Growers," E. G. Dunne, Mason City, Iowa...
...two or three trials before a jury, the members of which could very easily be made to see, when it was pointed out to them a few times in the course of a three days' trial, that there is nothing more absurd than that policemen should make criminals of people merely by 'suspecting' them, and sending them to prison on that sole account...
...Afternoon session, April 8—Presiding officer, George McKerrow, State Superintendent Farmers' Institutes of Wisconsin...
...Both of these laws had been passed in the lower house...
...and if any loss, it goes to the producer...
...President Wilson has brought assurance of his intent to realize, as far as may be, those progressive ideals which are held by all open-minded and forward-looking men...
...It is THIS CHART shows the result of the first inspection of the Wis-consin Bureau of Weights and Measures...
...The business is conducted on the plan that if there is any profit it belongs to the commission man...
...With co-operation a car could often be loaded and the fruit used to some advantage to each grower, carload lots being considered the economic unit of shipment...
...It annoyed the officials of course, because it interfered with their routine...
...c) a congressman's idea, Thos...
...any business are those made through methods of handling, marketing, and distribution...
...Waste in Distribution," Charles R. Van Hise, president University of Wisconsin...
...Progressives of all political parties will be called upon to assist and co-operate with President Wilson, and new complications can only injure the progressive cause...
...Cheaper Credit ANOTHER impediment in the growth of co-operation which might have been noted is the difficulty of securing funds to finance the production and marketing of the crop in the way prescribed by the association...
...b) a university president's view, W. O. Thompson, president Ohio State University...
...Other measures of a pressing nature may be brought forward and disposed of but the Democratic leaders announce that it is their intention to confine the work of the session almost wholly to a substantial revision downward of the tariff schedules...
...He is famous for the brightest hued whiskers, the most disturbing waistcoats, the farthest famed suavity of manner, and the most fantastically extravagant vocabulary in this land...
...Peculiarities will cover cases in which it will be found necessary to exercise judgment instead of the law...
...Laws against impure foods and harmful drugs are needed...
...Sherman declined the place, giving as his reason that he did not deem it proper to desert the post to which he had been elected...
...I can see no good to be accomplished at this time by a third party line-up in the House of Representatives," said Mr...
...European Systems of Farm Credits," George Woodruff, president First National Bank of Joliet, Illinois...
...As she left the court room Miss Pankhurst declared she was going on a hunger strike...
...At 16 he went to work on his father's farm, and for three or four years all the schooling he had was acquired through his own efforts from books...
...Distributing Food Products," E. M. Tousley, director Right Relationship League...
...Relation of Agriculture, Government and Railways," B. F. Yoakum, chairman hoard of directors, Frisco Lines...
...Every Democrat present voted for Lewis...
...He has written many books on international law and on diplomacy, among the latter a standard volume entitled "American Diplomacy, Its Spirit and Achievements...
...She refused all food and drink and after the first day the prison officials resorted to forcible feeding—a most terrible ordeal...
...The fundamental idea of the Raf-feisen banks, which are the general model for co-operative credit in agriculture, is that the farmers in a small area should combine to find credit for one another...
...d) what an economist discovered, C. W. Thompson, director bureau of economic research, University of Minnesota...
...and fair dealing with the purchaser and the public...
...This treatment made Miss Pankhurst so ill that the home secretary ordered her released from jail and she was taken to a hospital after physicians pronounced her condition serious...
...He quite disgusted some of his acquaintances by spending the whole hoard for books, one of which was the Revised Statutes of Illinois, 1874...
...3) Crop failures that get the association out of working order on off years...
...I should feel that I had obtained my office under false pretenses...
...The scales and the measures of various kinds that were tested by the state's inspectors were all in towns of 5,000 or less—the rural districts...
...other bureaus...
...consequently he will get nearly as good, if not as good, prices as members...
...This being true, independent growers will be slow to join the association, and members seeing independents doing as well as they, without having to pay their share toward the support of the association, may tend to drop out...
...Murdock is a Republican but announced recently that he would abandon his party and stand as the candidate for Speaker of the Roosevelt followers in the House...
...Dairy Farmers," Ed Webster, associate editor Hoard's Dairyman...
...appointment of committees...
...THE PROGRAM: Morning session, April 8—Call to order, Harry A. Wheeler, president Associated Chambers of Commerce of the United States...
...He was city attorney, county judge, legislator and is noted as an orator...
...Grains," M. R. Myers, editor Chicago Co-operative Journal...
...The Conference itself will be un-partizan in every respect and marks the beginning of a new epoch...
...general discussion: Homer C. Price, dean, College of Agriculture, Ohio State University...
...He takes the place made vacant by the ousting of William Lorimer from the Senate last July...
...and it is here that judgment based upon economic principles must be exercised and careful dealing resorted to if the highest returns are to be realized...
...A very large number of those who might benefit most by co-operation are prevented from taking advantage of it because they deal on long credit with the merchants who supply them...
...For instance, if some poor girl were arrested, and a jury trial were demanded for her, and her case were given all the care and attention it would have received had she been some wealthy person, the police, when they found they could not convict, were apt to be a little more careful of the liberties of individuals: they began to have a little regard for human rights and for human life...
...James Hamilton Lewis, 48, has resided in Georgia, on the Pacific coast, and in Chicago...
...Morning session, April 10—Presiding officer, W. G. Edens, president Illinois Highway Improvement Association...
...A common method of disposing of the crop is by selling directly to retailers, which has proved successful in some instances by choosing only one dealer in a place and putting nothing but first-class material on the market...
...When it became apparent that Lewis and Sherman would be elected the dozen Sullivan Democrats who have withheld their votes from Lewis on the long term ballots got into the band wagon...
...general discussion: "Cotton," W. B. Yeary, president Texas Cotton Growers' Association...
...These diagrams show graphically the need of thorough inspection of weights and measures...
...They will take their seats on April 7, when Congress convenes in special seasion...
...Decline Bull Moose Invitation The Bull Moosers In the House of Representatives are planning to further the third party movement by forming a party group of their own under the leadership of Representative Victor Murdock of Kansas...
...Without them we would be robbed of our health...
...The Problem of Organization," C. S. Barrett, president National Farmers' Educational and Cooperative Union of America...
...of the liquid measures, 24.7...
...The time for me to have joined the Progressive party was before the election and to have kept off the Republican ticket...
...And everybody in the state may be then reasonably sure that when they go to the store or shop to make purchases they are getting all they paid for...
...3) Wholesale dealing is made possible, not only in selling farm products but in buying anything the grower needs, especially packing materials, spraying materials, fertilizers, and the like...
...Kohler and his friends maintain that certain interests have long been trying to "get him...
...Ninety-seven Democrats, sixty-three Republicans and four Progressives joined in the election...
...The military title was acquired by membership on the staff of General Fred D. Grant in the war with Spain...
...Colonel Lewis' total vote was 164, sixty-one more than the constitutional majority of 103...
...A meeting of the Progressive Republican League of North Dakota was held on March 27 at Fargo...
...We are promised an attendance from 36 states, representing the most powerful factors," said Colonel Frank P. Holland of Dallas, Texas, chairman of this committee...
...Ham," is known far and wide because of his many eccentricities...
...The same fate overtook the bill for a minimum wage for women...
...To my mind our best services can be rendered by aiding him, and those with him, toward getting the legislation we desire and for which we have worked in the past," Program for First National Conference on Marketing and Farm Credits "Unless the cost line between farm producer and city consumer can be shortened, the former will cease producing a surplus," is the statement of the Executive Committee in announcing the completed program of the First National Conference on marketing and farm credits, in Chicago, April 8, 9 and 10...
...This program drew from Colonel Roosevelt an enthusiastic letter of approval and encouragement...
...Less than a year later he was brought to Illinois by his parents...
...Cotton Growers," E. W. Kirkpatrick, former president Texas Farmers' Congress...
...of the measuring pumps, 12.6...
...Arguing that the measure would seriously disturb business conditions everywhere, the senate of the Kansas legislature killed a bill providing for a nine-hour day for women workers...
...Representatives of the federal and states' departments of agriculture, officers of strong farmers' organizations, influential manufacturers and railroad men and publicists will attend...
...But, as I have stated several times, no rigid rule can be laid down and followed to the letter...
...and the banks rely for their success on the knowledge which their members and managers have of local circumstances and of the character of the applicants, as well as on the fact that each member, being implicated with every transaction, has an interest in seeing that loans are only made for suitable purposes and to reliable persons...
...4) A spirit of envy and lack of confidence and support of the managers by the members...
...Willis L. Moore, chief of the United States Weather Bureau, will leave the service on July 31...
...A number of failures among the organizations, however, are reported...
...of the weights, 7.2...
...The most usual method of disposing of fruit crops, as contrasted with selling other farm products, is through commission merchants...
...State Aid in Marketing Farm Products," James Cox, Governor of Ohio...
...and if the association keeps fruit, for example, out of the way, there is little danger of the independent grower's fruit going into a glutted market...
...Among the notable appointments of the Wilson administration is that of Professor John Bassett Moore of Columbia University to the position of counsellor to the Department of State...
...However important it may be to be able to grow crops in large quantities or of particular qualities at a minimum cost, IT IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT TO BE ABLE TO DISPOSE OF THEM IN THE MOST ECONOMICAL WAY AND TO THE BEST POSSIBLE ADVANTAGE, for frequently the easiest and largest profits is...
...Chandler notes the following: (1) The crop may be distributed so as to prevent gluts in the market...
...Says Congressman Lenroot: "For third party Progressives to insist upon a third party organization in the house is not statesmanship...
...The figures do not include the result of inspections made by city sealers in the larger cities...
...Our work will not end in improving conditions, but our constructive efforts will begin with a campaign to show the manufacturers and handlers of foodstuffs just how to do things right...
...W. H. Chandler, of the Missouri Experiment Station, who has secured information from quite a large number of co-operative associations regarding their methods of distribution and marketing fruit, points out that the growth of the co-operative movement among fruit growers in the United States has been very rapid during the past ten years, even surpassing the expectation of the most sanguine and best-informed men interested in the fruit business...
...Certificates of election were issued to both men by Governor Dunne...
...Twenty or more state institutions of higher education have designated delegates...
...Better Crops and Bigger Profits That is What Co-operation in Marketing is Doing for the Fruit Growers of the Country From a Department of Agriculture Bulletin DEVELOPING methods of production and distribution of agricultural products along purely economic lines is of comparatively recent origin, more attention having been given possibly to the side of production...
...Sherman's term will extend to March 4, 1915...
...They provide loans for approved reproductive purposes...
...it did pay in the satisfaction there was in doing a little to comfort and console,—and, what was so much more, to compel in one city, at least, a discussion of the grounds and the purpose of our institutions...
...Hard as the work was, and sad as it was, and grievously as my law partners complained of the time it took, and of its probable effect on business (since no one wished to be known as a criminal lawyer...
...In 1900, Colonel Lewis was the Pacific coast's candidate for the vice presidential nomination at the Kansas City convention...
...He said: "My single ambition, as chief of the bureau, is to bring it to the highest point of efficiency, scientifically, so that there can be no cause for complaint or grievance...
...e) an experiment station sidelight, B. Youngblood, director Texas Experiment Stations...
...Wherever the manufacturer is halted in some unsatisfactory foodmaking he will be informed where the mistake lies and asked to trail along with the bureau's ideas for improved results...
...Inspector William S. Rowe, who has been associated with Kohler for years in the Cleveland police department, was named by Mayor Newton Baker as chief to succeed Kohler...
...Miss Sylvia Pankhurst, the youthful militant suffrage leader in England, who made a tour of the United States two years ago, was recently sent to jail on a charge of window smashing...
...C. J. Owen, managing director Southern Commercial Congress: business session...
...Illinois Elects Senators The long deadlock in the Illinois legislature was broken on March 26...
...Increased crops and increased prices spell, of course, larger incomes and larger profits, the influence of which stimulates and revives rural life on its social no less than on its economic side...
...4) Because of the larger business it controls the association is likely to get better service from the railroads, cold-storage plants, etc...
...Sherman received a total of 143 votes, forty more than the constitutional majority...
...L. Rubey, member of Congress from Missouri...
...Luncheon and round table, April 9— Presiding officer, Harry Pratt Judson, president University of Chicago — luncheon at Hotel Sherman...
...Some Gratifying Results SELLING through cooperative associations, which is more largely practiced by the fruit growers of the West than any other section of the United States, has proven successful just in proportion as the members have followed the rules, regulations, and instructions of such associations, which in many cases has been done with very gratifying results...
...Of the scales tested, 20.4% were condemned as utterly defective...
...of the dry measures, 68.1...
...Alsberg Outlines Policy Chief Chemist Carl L. Alsberg, who succeeded Dr...
...Increased Profits REGARDING the secondary results brought about by co-operative action, it may be said that they are several in number and decidedly far-reaching in their effects...
...This will be evident when it is considered that one of the greatest functions of co-operation is proper distribution...
...Farmers' Selling Agencies," Lloyd S. Tenny, division of farm management, U. S. Department of Agriculture...
...a) an editor's theory, Arthur Capper, president Capper's Farm Weeklies...
...Growers of Beef," State Senator A. L. Ames, Buckingham, Iowa...
...And he was working all the time to get them out of prison, and finally he and I entered into a little contract by which he paid the expenses incident to their trials— the fees for stenographers and that sort of thing—if I would look after their cases...
...Roger C. Sullivan's friends in the legislature fought to the last against the Lewis-Sherman combination...
...Afternoon session, April 9—Presiding officer, J. H. Connell, president Oklahoma A. & M. College...
...of the linear measures 70.8...
...Jones managed to get himself fined for contempt one day, and he immediately turned the incident to his own advantage and made his point by drawing out his checkbook with a flourish, writing his check for the amount of his fine, and declaring that this proved his contention that the only crime our civilization punishes is the crime of being poor...
...Letters were sent to all members of the House who have been known in the past as insurgents, inviting them to join the Roosevelt men...
...Kent...
...What the Federal Government Should Do," Hatton W. Summers, member of Congress from Texas...
...What May Be Expected from the Federal Department of Agriculture," W. J. Spillman, special representative of David F. Houston, secretary U. S. Department of Agriculture...
...Dairy Products," N. P. Hull, national lecturer the Grange...
...Along with this ambition I cherish another, and that is to make progress along constructive lines...
...In 1898 he was assistant secretary of state for several months and counsel for the Spanish-American peace commission in the same year...
...Beef," W. H. Tomhave, State College of Pennsylvania...
...In addition to returning profits to the producer, which formerly went to a number of middlemen, cooperation has taught the grower the economic value of a first-class product...
...This arrangement, however, has not proved entirely satisfactory, the reasons for which are attributed partly to the middleman always looking out for his individual interest, taking advantage frequently of the producer's ignorance of marketing and market conditions, while the producer in many instances performs his part of the transaction in a careless, indifferent, or haphazard way...
...In 1903 he removed to Chicago, where for two years (1905-7) he was corporation counsel, and in 1908 was the Democratic candidate for governor of Illinois...
...For several years he was the executive head of the Illinois state board of charities...
...How Transportation Lines Are Aiding in the Marketing of Farm Products," E. E. Betts, general superintendent of transportation, C. & N. W. System...
...the economic importance of picking, packing, and handling his produce...
...It will repay close study...
...Less than one-third of the dry and linear measures were accurate...
...Co-operation further enables growers to make use of fruits grown in small quantities, which are often wasted because no man has enough to sell to advantage...
...How the Government Has Aided Distribution of Farm Products," Senator Obadiah Gardner, master Maine State Grange...
...His successor has not yet been appointed...
...The Crime of Being Poor IN THE April American Magazine Mayor Brand Whitlock, of Toledo, Ohio, gives a most interesting picture of Golden Rule Jones, the famous Mayor of Toledo of a few years ago...
...3 it insures better care of the orchards...
...Service Aids in Marketing," S. K. Hooper, assistant traffic manager D. & R. G. Ry...
...I could not join this movement, having been elected upon the Republican ticket and having made use of the Republican organization to secure my nomination and election...
...and (4) in nearly all cases it results in greater stability of industry...
...Afternoon session, April 10—Presiding officer, S. R. McKelvie, lieutenant governor of Nebraska...
Vol. 5 • April 1913 • No. 14
