Comment
Comment Of Spies and Spying Allegations of espionage lend themselves so readily to propaganda exploitation and have so great a potential for disrupting civil international discourse that rational...
...This means not only that potential enemies—the United States and the Soviet Union, for example—spy on each other at all times and to the greatest extent possible, but also that the closest allies will engage in reciprocal espionage...
...And anyone to the left of Georgia Senator Sam Nunn is accused of being a "San Francisco Democrat," a voguish term redolent of homophobia...
...After the initial barrages and counterbarrages of propaganda, each superpower appears to have recognized the need for damage control...
...Is espionage an honorable calling...
...Competitors today may not meet in smoke-filled rooms to jack up prices, but reliance on what the business schools call "price leadership" accomplishes the same purpose...
...the complexities of defense budgeting are such that the multibillion-dollar question of what happened to the money will probably never be answered.' —The Baltimore Sun September 3, 1986 When Newsweek wrote its account, Daniloff and Zakharov were in identical positions: Each had been accused, neither had been tried...
...Through testing, American weapons have been considerably refined, with the result that the explosive power (megatonnage) of today's warheads has been greatly reduced...
...Adam Smith himself once noted that "people of the same trade seldom meet together but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public or in some diversion to raise prices...
...The Reagan Administration approves of those mergers that do not eliminate competition over a particular route...
...The pattern was set by the great spy case that ushered in this century—the Dreyfus Affair...
...No emphasis is placed on civil rights or civil liberties, caring for the poor and the underprivileged, protecting the environment, or combating the excesses of giant corporations...
...Mueller's attorneys are planning to argue that the murder suspect was swayed by the rhetoric of President Reagan's war on drugs...
...Our decision to complete the process of disinvestment is a statement of our opposition to apartheid and of our support for the economic aspirations of black South Africans," said Donald R. Keough, head of Coke...
...2. Accusations of espionage, whether well-founded or wholly fictitious, are usually aired to serve a political purpose...
...Government's nuclear-war planning...
...mass media, which almost invariably parrot the official line on matters of "national security," have suggested that Zak-harov's arrest might have been arranged in a lastComment ditch effort to thwart a Reagan-Gorbachev summit or an arms-control pact...
...Like the FBI, the KGB always has ready a list of the usual suspects...
...antiapartheid activists...
...Government chooses not to tell Israel everything the Israeli government might like to know...
...But "competition" between two strong firms usually becomes a matter of "live and let live...
...One for Our Side The antiapartheid movement in the United States scored a significant victory recently when the Coca-Cola Company announced it was pulling out of South Africa...
...Without Government control of fares and routes, airlines would have to make their operations more efficient and would offer the best competitive prices to passengers...
...Sooner or later—and probably sooner rather than later—charges of espionage will once again dominate the news...
...Unfriendly Skies When airline deregulation took off in the late 1970s, its backers assured the public that a new era of competition in the airline industry would afford air travelers many more bargains than they had been able to enjoy in the past...
...This is the sort of heavy-handed propaganda we tend to associate with the official press of totalitarian states, but it is typical of the way the U.S...
...On September 16, John Mueller, a member of the Sauk Prairie police force some twenty miles north of Madison, stopped John Graham, who was driving a pickup truck...
...The fierce competitive wars of the deregulated market have placed many airlines in poor financial Comment condition, and the industry is now witnessing mergers on an unprecedented scale...
...Yaron did nothing to stop the slaughter, nor did he report it to his superiors...
...there are many millions, and getting rid of them poses health hazards...
...Recently, 100 representatives of government and industry gathered to ponder the problem of disposing of old tires...
...Sheriffs deputies searched Mueller's residence and found "a large quantity of Reagan paraphernalia, including campaign buttons, posters, and bumper stickers, plus letters from the President and Nancy Reagan to Mueller and from Mueller to the Reagans," The Capital Times of Madison reported...
...Coke, the second largest U.S...
...And vice versa...
...A case can also be made that spying is a dirty business that all decent people ought to hold in contempt...
...press reports on allegations of espionage...
...They led us to believe they knew what they were doing...
...Delta's purchase of Western Airlines and Texas Air's purchase of Eastern and People Express promise to establish an airline system in which competition on most routes will be limited to at best a few major airlines...
...Whether they are actual spies or merely handy candidates doesn't matter very much...
...Now, according to The Wall Street Journal, technicians at the Johnson Space Flight Center have come up with a beeper to track old people suffering from memory impairment...
...It has searched its soul and, finding nothing, has decided to mimic the party next door...
...Only the Strategic Defense Initiative, Star Wars, comes in for criticism, and this only in the meekest of terms...
...For years, church groups, students, progressive municipalities, and even some state legislatures have urged Coke and the 250 other U.S...
...We can safely assume that at any given moment, scores and perhaps hundreds of Soviet agents are gathering information in the United States, and that the U.S...
...employer in South Africa, had enjoyed annual sales of around $250 million there...
...For reasons it deems good and sufficient, the U.S...
...The British saw it differently, of course, and executed him...
...Fortunately, the Zakharov/Daniloff contretemps seems to have been resolved without much lasting harm—either to the individuals involved or to the cause of U.S.-Soviet relations...
...Prisoners were forcibly subjected to drugs, chemicals, and X-rays and often sterilized as the Nazis gathered their ghoulish data...
...There wasn't any question as to aftereffects or side effects...
...What next...
...In the Soviet Union, Stalin established his stranglehold on power by trying and executing many of his old Bolshevik comrades on trumped-up charges of espionage...
...So it goes in the free market...
...The revelation a few months ago that Israeli agents had stolen U.S...
...But the stifling of domestic dissent is not the only reason for bringing well-publicized spy charges...
...What's more, those major carriers have bought up many of the small commuter airlines linking medium-sized cities to the major airline hubs...
...Before the Daniloif case becomes a mere footnote in the troubled history of U.S.-Soviet relations, it may be useful to draw a few general conclusions and file them away for ready retrieval the next time a great spy scandal erupts...
...When they offered you money, it was a very large incentive," says Patrick Sweet, one of the subjects in the experiments...
...The Democratic Party is calling it quits...
...By its own admission, our Government had kept members of the infamous Walker spy ring, among others, under surveillance for a long time...
...secrets prompted outraged denunciations in Washington and pious denials in Tel Aviv—blatant exercises in hypocrisy on both sides...
...The consequences of such reporting were readily apparent when the exchange of Zakharov for Daniloff was finally arranged at the end of September: There was much grumbling, especially on the Right, about the inequity of swapping our good guy for their bad guy4. Their spies are no worse than ours...
...They wanted to know if the world could be re-populated again safely" after a nuclear attack, says Mike Briggs, one of the inmates who wishes he hadn't put his testicles on the line...
...Once Zakharov had been seized, a Soviet countermove was all but inevitable...
...other political purposes can also be served...
...Congress—to favor reduced military expenditures and to respond favorably to Soviet arms-reduction overtures...
...Some of us, at least, should be prepared when that time comes to keep our cool and go about the business of trying to restore a measure of sanity to the world...
...On foreign policy, the document is as actively interventionist as any Democratic statement in recent memory...
...They also confiscated a newspaper from the day before the shooting, headlined Reagans Declare War on Drugs...
...plant [in Midland, Michigan] September 9 dumped as much as ten times the allowable amount of the cancer-causing chemical hexachlorobenzene into the Tittabawassee River, but the public was not endangered, a state environmental official said.' —The Washington Post September 25, 1986 Prisoners were paid $500 to $600 for their participation, according to one inmate...
...Let's abolish the DoE...
...But in all instances, the press tends to extend the presumption of innocence to this country's accused spies and inflict the presumption of guilt on everyone else's...
...That's why we need an effective nuclear policy, arms control, increased conventional strength, and clear policies for dealing with regional conflicts and human rights...
...Even the U.S...
...For fiscal 1987, the Reagan Administration requested $12.8 billion—29 per cent for civilian energy, 6 per cent for general science, and 65 per cent for bombs...
...Clearly, there is no comparing the KGB's systematic use of journalists as full-time spies and the CIA's occasional, informal cultivation of newsmen.' —Newsweek September 22, 1986 And why the dramatic arrest of Soviet physicist Gennady F. Zakharov in a New York subway last August...
...Governments will pull out all the stops, the media will bang the drums, and primitive patriotic passions will begin bubbling...
...Four years ago, Brigadier General Amos Yaron headed the Israel Defense Forces in Beirut...
...But someone in the U.S...
...1. In the world of nation-states obsessed with "national security," everyone spies on everyone else...
...From 1963 to 1973, the Atomic Energy Commission systematically exposed the testicles of 131 prisoners to large doses of X-rays...
...Businesses in the same industry realize that genuine price competition is harmful to their long-run interests and soon settle into the relative comforts of oligopoly...
...companies in South Africa to pull out...
...agents are at work in the Soviet Union, and that Soviet counterintelligence knows who they are and what they are doing...
...To pretend otherwise might meet the needs of the highly stylized art form called diplomacy, but no reasonably alert citizen should be deceived...
...The welfare state has been all but abandoned, as the Democratic big-wigs bray about "stronger families" and "new partnerships among business, universities, labor, and government...
...The French Republic was shaken to its foundations before Dreyfus was finally cleared...
...Where the Bombs Are Do you remember Ronald Reagan's 1980 campaign promise to abolish the Department of Energy...
...The case that can't be made is that our spies are admirable but theirs must be despised...
...Zakharov could have been set up with incriminating documents months earlier or later...
...What Keough didn't acknowledge was the pressure from U.S...
...But that hasn't hurt his career...
...Why deal with a new crop of agents when you are familiar with the identity and modus operandi of those already in place...
...Most of the time, governments find it more practical to keep spies under surveillance than to expose or arrest them...
...In the case of the two superpowers, the mutual pursuit of "intelligence" by legal and illegal means is naturally incessant and intense...
...Flooding at a Dow Chemical Co...
...Atomic Energy Commission, forerunner to the Department of Energy, must have been impressed with Mengele's work...
...Following the lead of Les Aspin, who heads the House Armed Services Committee, the policy statement embraces virtually the whole arsenal of nuclear weapons, including the Midgetman missile, the Trident submarine, and the Stealth bomber...
...The United States electrocuted Julius and Ethel Rosenberg for giving atomic secrets to the Soviet Union, though whether they were actually spies remains a matter of bitter dispute...
...It was in the interests of a reactionary and anti-Semitic French officer corps to frame Captain Alfred Dreyfus on charges of spying for the German general staff...
...Mengele's Return Of all the practices of the Nazis, experimenting on prisoners was among the most diabolical...
...His unit was posted near Sabra and Shatila when Lebanese Christian Phalangists entered the refugee camps and masacred 700 to 800 residents...
...Just a few weeks before Coke's decision, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference unveiled plans for a nationwide Coke boycott to begin in January to protest its presence in South Africa...
...A National Beeper Center that keeps tabs on all of us all the time...
...When it Gomes to covering cases of espionage, the mass media drop any pretense of objectivity...
...But at the CIA's headquarters in Langley, Virginia, our spy agency honors some dozens of unsung heroes who died while spying for this country...
...The chairman of the House Armed Services Committee says between $16 billion and $32 billion in money Congress voted the Pentagon over the last four to five years to cover expected inflation cannot be found...
...the President hasn't said a word about it for years...
...The glory days of deregulation are, however, now coming to an end, consumed by that which nourished them...
...What ends were served by springing the trap now...
...Again, the timing was at the discretion of those who did the arresting...
...Come to think of it, Reagan didn't have such a bad idea in 1980...
...We can just as safely assume that scores and perhaps hundreds of U.S...
...In postwar America, the Hiss and Rosenberg cases successfully engendered the hysteria that paved the way for the Cold War and McCarthyite repression...
...It is now official policy of the Democratic Party to be agnostic about overthrowing the Sandinista government...
...But the heat from protesters, and the abhorrent actions of Pretoria, left a sour taste in Coke's mouth...
...The President and the First Lady's nationally televised speech announcing an antidrug crusade aired two days before the murder, and Mueller was "infatuated" with Reagan, his attorney says...
...Pierre du Pont, candidate for the Republican Presidential nomination, demands mandatory drug testing of all teen-agers, and in Wisconsin a police officer takes matters into his own hands...
...Back from the Dead Old soldiers don't fade away, they go to Washington...
...It is going out of its way to insult the traditional progressive wing of the party—labor unions, blacks, environmentalists, women's groups, gays, lesbians...
...Residents of medium-sized cities who worried that their service might be dropped were told that smaller commuter airlines would come in to fill the void...
...Because Daniloff is a journalist respected by his colleagues, the bias in covering his arrest was even more overt than usual...
...counterintelligence apparatus knows who most of them are and what they are doing...
...With ill-disguised glee, the leadership of the Democratic Party is leaping rightward...
...Nicholas Daniloff, the Moscow correspondent of U.S...
...No mention is made of Reagan's assault on Nicaragua...
...Each said he was innocent and had been set up...
...Don't feel bad if you've forgotten...
...Coke has relented...
...The Department of Energy defends the practice...
...A case can be made that any individual who risks his life for cause or country deserves our respect and gratitude...
...In 1981, Behm found, DoE had a $9.5 billion budget, of which 57 per cent went for civilian energy projects, 5 per cent for general science, and 38 per cent for weaponry...
...And why risk the retaliation which any overt move against an alleged spy is, as the Daniloff case showed, likely to produce...
...On domestic policy, the statement is similarly bankrupt...
...The purpose of the tests was perfectly in keeping with the U.S...
...Comment Of Spies and Spying Allegations of espionage lend themselves so readily to propaganda exploitation and have so great a potential for disrupting civil international discourse that rational reactions tend to be brushed aside in the fervor of controversy and confrontation...
...News & World Report, was a likely prospect, and he was due to go home anyway...
...It offers no new choices, only repackaged Rea-ganisms...
...an earlier draft had opposed aid to the con-tras, but this offended some conservative Democrats, so out it went...
...Each had the full backing of his government...
...The issue of Newsweek dated September 22 offered a perfect example: "Neither Nicholas Daniloff, the reporter arrested on trumped-up charges, nor Gen-nady Zakharov, the Soviet agent caught red-handed, was free to go home...
...A few good spy scandals can help—and have helped—to chill enthusiasm for improving relations with the Russians...
...One plausible explanation: a strong trend in public opinion—and even in the U.S...
...The policy statement is an effort "to get out from under the false image that Democrats are weak on defense, have weird life styles, and are big taxers and spenders," boasted one party official...
...It offered hugely discounted fares and forced many other carriers to lower prices on competing routes...
...Also, their accuracy has been increased, which means we need fewer warheads to achieve deterrence...
...Eighty-six years after Harvey Firestone set up shop, we're beginning to wonder how we'll clean up his relatively innocuous mess...
...3. Accused spies, too, are entitled to the presumption of innocence...
...For his lusty participation in these nefarious deeds, Joseph Mengele, the Nazi doctor at Auschwitz, became one of the world's most notorious war criminals...
...Somebody must have let him know, once he assumed the nation's highest office, that the DoE is where they make nuclear bombs...
...Beeping Toms First there was the "convict beeper"—an electronic device to let police know when a convict sentenced to home confinement strayed from the premises...
...It calls for "a consistent policy that seeks to contain the Soviets," asserting that "the expansion of Soviet influence continues to pose the major threat to American interests and world peace...
...As a condition of participating, prisoners had to consent to having vasectomies at the end of the experiment period...
...Jesse Jackson continues to be ignored and excluded by Paul G. Kirk Jr., who heads the Democratic National Committee...
...Several men who changed their minds about the vasectomy during the tests were forced to undergo the surgery in order "to eliminate the possibility of defective offspring," Government documents state...
...The Democratic Party leadership has been running scared ever since the days of Franklin Roosevelt, but lately the pace has quickened to an all-out gallop...
...Next came the Protek Guardian, a kind of kiddie beeper designed to keep parents posted on the whereabouts of straying offspring...
...Why, for example, the recent rash of Soviet espionage cases in the United States...
...For reasons it deems good and sufficient, Israel does its best to find out anyway...
...In September, the Democratic Policy Commission issued seventy-one pages of drivel under the misleading title, New Choices in a Changing America...
...Testing leads to a safer world, not a more dangerous one.' —The Detroit News August 23, 1986 People Express was widely hailed as proof of deregulation's virtue...
...Every school-child in the United States is taught to venerate the memory of Nathan Hale, America's first spy, whose only regret was that he had but one life to give for his country...
...Daniloff had been in possession of "secret" documents when arrested, and so had Zakharov...
...Now a major general, Yaron was appointed military attache to the United States in August...
...It's a triumph to savor...
...We're not talking about human experiments in terms of Nazi Germany in World War II," says Mike Lawrence of the Energy Department's Hanford nuclear reservation, which took part in the tests...
...Sweet and two other prisoners say they would not have gone along with the experiment if they had known of the health hazards...
...The Body Count Begins Dispatches from the drug war: Congress considers the death penalty for drug pushers...
...The principle is what the diplomats call reciprocity...
...When Mueller found marijuana in the back of Graham's vehicle, he handcuffed Graham, forced him to lie face-down on the ground next to the pickup, and pumped two slugs into his head...
...Tread on Us More and more, you can judge a people by their conferences...
...Or maybe just a beeper to keep the authorities informed of the movements of beeper opponents...
...Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson's noble but amazingly naive dismissal of codebreaking in the years between World Wars I and II—"Gentlemen don't read each other's mail"—had a fatal flaw: Governments are not gentlemen, and they will resort to any means they judge likely to advance their interests...
...What, then, except the urge to be the Administration's press agent, justified News-week's use of such terms as "caught red-handed" and "arrested on trumped-up charges...
...Most of the Energy Department's budget—more than $7.2 billion—is being spent this year for researching, testing, and manufacturing warheads at thirty sites that employ 52,000 people nationwide," Don Behm reported recently in The Milwaukee Journal...
...The only remaining difference between the Democrats and the Republicans is one of nomenclature...
...Imagine the conferences of tomorrow...
...We haven't always been so lucky, and we may not be the next time...
...The easiest way for any government to dispose of dissidents or to bring potential dissidents into line is to lay about with accusations of spying...
...If the warhead enterprise were a private corporation, it would rank fifty-first in the Fortune 500...
...And, said Representative Les Aspin...
...Whoa, Donkey...
Vol. 50 • November 1986 • No. 11
