Datelines

...Rubin, of Johns Hopkins University, plans to petition the FDA for new DMT tests...

...Still, the panel members stopped short of branding the compound as carcinogenic in male mice...

...The courts, however, in all cases concluded that because there was evidence that inhalation of occupational substances contributed to the diseases, the diseases were occupational diseases...

...In his past life as Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, Alexander Haig personally ordered officers of the 82d Airborne Division to suit up in civilian clothes and supervise an FBI siege of Indian activists at Wounded Knee...

...The Lakota have always regarded the Hills as sacred, and this camp, called Yellow Thunder, is meant to become a self-sufficient community where Indian people from all tribes can pursue their traditional spiritual life without Federal interference...

...What happened...

...B.R...

...Perhaps they will urge the governor to saddle up again and lead the charge...

...Statisticians also looked at the data...

...The court's decision may ultimately prove irrelevant, for if it rules against the camp, residents will probably stay, citing an 1868 treaty giving the Black Hills to the Indians...

...Since all of South Dakota's Federal judges own land in the Black Hills, a judge from Iowa heard the case...

...A similar but independent group, the North Belfast Mutual Association, was formed later...

...With William Janklow now South Dakota's governor and Alexander Haig Secretary of State, the fears of Indian activists that South Dakota will see more strife do not seem unfounded...

...Never once in all the years of troubles has service been discontinued...

...The court majority showed open support for their position by acknowledging that its decision was at least in part based on the costs of workers' compensation to industry...

...mice...

...From that informal beginning has come the Falls Taxi Association, believed by its members to be the largest transportation cooperative outside a socialist state and the largest cooperative venture of any kind in Northern Ireland...

...The camp's attorneys filed suit to keep the Government out...

...under the conditions of this bioassay, dimethyl terephthalate was not carcinogenic for male or female . . . rats or for female . . . mice, but was carcinogenic for male mice...

...Its conclusion states...

...The claims and counterclaims have been consolidated into one case, which is expected to go to trial in February...

...But until all the answers are in, common sense should tell us not to buy anything packaged in PET...

...The FTA favors a united Ireland and the North Belfast association wants continued ties with London...

...Glass Containers Corporation is planning its own study on just how much of the potentially cancer-causing chemicals is actually leaching into soft drinks stored in PET bottles...

...Herbert O. Sieker, chief of the chest and allergy section of Duke University Medical Center, say that "In a somewhat arbitrary way, I assigned the etiologic factors about 50 per cent—50 per cent to 60 per cent for the cotton dust exposure and 40 per cent to 50 per cent for the cigarette smoking...

...He stipulated that the Government seek a court order from him before attempting forceful eviction of camp residents...

...It is as important to know how many chemicals are floating around in soft drinks sold in plastic bottles as it is to know whether those chemicals cause cancer...

...We have our own 9,000-gallon fuel tank and we can sell diesel for ten pence (twenty cents) a gallon cheaper than a service station," said the director of the North Belfast association, William Mcllwaine...

...By law, it could be banned from packaging where it might contaminate food...

...The government tried to force them off the road by canceling their auto insurance but each group fought a lengthy court battle and last year both obtained coverage from a consortium of insurers led by Lloyds of London...

...Civvies were the uniform of the day because, again, the stakeout was illegal...

...Office of Smoking and Health was crushed in David Stockman's ashtray, and Congressional proponents of stronger health warnings on cigarette packages and reduced tobacco price supports fought losing battles...

...Bruce Allar (Bruce Allar is a reporter for The Louisville Times...

...All of this might still be hidden away in the archives, were it not for glass bottle makers, who have a vested interest in putting PET to.rest...

...The Government seeks a ruling which would bar the likes of Yellow Thunder from the Black Hills...

...Estimates for total damages sought against the asbestos-industry now run as high as $125 billion...

...Presented with this evidence, the NTP review committee decided to amend the conclusions in the second report...

...Oil we can sell for about two pounds a gallon cheaper...

...Under the new rule, the commission can divide the cause of debilitating respiratory ailments such as brown lung between long-term cotton dust inhalation and cigarette smoking...

...the other should have warned the FDA to consider a ban— or at least retesting...

...Some of the animals did develop lung tumors: the male mice...

...The female mice and all the rats showed no ill effects...

...After learning that I had petitioned the FDA on this issue with David Kriebel (then a researcher at Barry Commoner's Center for the Biology of Natural Systems), one company, Glass Containers Corporation, hired its own consultant from Michigan State University...

...SMOKESCREEN RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA Last year was good for North Carolina's two largest industries...

...Permanent homes are to be earth-sheltered and equipped for passive solar heating...

...Stevens, and Cannon— each reported sharp increases in sales for 1981...

...Within days after the bus service was first suspended, a cooperative taxi service began to take shape to get people up and down the Falls Road—the main thoroughfare in West Belfast, the largest Catholic neighborhood in the city...

...Stevens and Cannon won crucial Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union representation elections...

...One such DMT relative, terephthalic acid, is wholly untested...

...Charles Kokoski, chief of toxicology at the FDA, says the agency plans no changes in the status of PET bottles, nor does it plan further study of the plastic...

...Other industries also see a way to save on disability payments by laying part of the blame on their workers' cigarette habits...

...The consultant walked into his school's medical library and unearthed the first report—the one linking DMT to cancer in male mice...

...This twelve-week difference skewed the findings, Hercules contended, and the claim evidently fell on sympathetic ears at NCI...

...They concluded that, even crediting Hercules's arguments about the mice control group, a statistically significant incidence of tumors in male mice had occurred...

...It is people like Elsie Morrison who will suffer the consequences of the ruling...

...They also petitioned Secretary of State James Watt to withdraw 800 acres surrounding the camp from the public domain for their permanent use...

...And of course, smokers cannot file disability claims against the makers of their favorite brands...

...Already, Yellow Thunder has given rise to other camps in the Black Hills...

...Judge James Exum, the youngest and most progressive judge on the supreme court, cited similar "apportionment" cases from around the country, and wrote in dissent: "In all these cases cigarette smoking together with the inhalation of occupational substances produced lung disease...

...The National Resources Defense Council is now reviewing the data in the PET case and plans to take its analysis to the FDA sometime in the future...

...Hercules makes PET resin for molding into bottles...

...David Rubin, a Johns Hopkins University scientist contracted to study DMT for another glass packaging company (he will not say which...

...Only when pressed would Dr...

...Both of these industries found themselves on opposite sides of a state supreme court case in October...

...One supports the Food and Drug Administration's approval of PET bottles...

...The court's decision made Morrison, who worked for thirty years in a mill now owned by Burlington, ineligible for 40 to 50 per cent of her workers' compensation under an "apportionment" policy set by the state industrial commission...

...In textiles, the state's predominantly non-union Big Three— Burlington, J.P...

...Although it was not represented in Raleigh, the asbestos industry has filed a similarly reasoned cross-complaint against a number of cigarette companies in a California lawsuit...

...In the early days of the fighting, back in 1969, the lack of public transportation hurt almost as much as a rubber bullet in the leg because it left many people unable to get to work...

...But read the summary closely: ". . . it is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, dimethyl terephthalate was not carcinogenic for...

...Sales of soda in the PET bottle accounted for 14.5 per cent of the market in 1979 and continued upward in 1980 and 1981...

...These findings are cited in a 1979 report by the National Cancer Institute, available at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland...

...In April 1981, a group of Dakota AIM members and their allies set up a camp on national forest land in the Black Hills—land taken from the Lakota, or Sioux, in 1877...

...But in a sense, both won, and at the expense of brown lung victim and cigarette smoker Elsie Morrison...

...Jan Stites (Jan Stites is a free-lance writer and screen writer in Oakland...

...Yellow Thunder has won support from such organizations as the American Friends Service Committee and Green-Peace—but not from the many energy companies eager to make off with the vast mineral deposits in the Black Hills...

...Others, however, are refusing to let the matter drop...

...the state has no jurisdiction on Indian reservations...

...The FTA, as it is called now, operates 250 black taxis, providing service and, just as important, jobs to West Belfast residents...

...Reynolds upped its share of the domestic cigarette market for the second consecutive year...

...When Yellow Thunder was established, the U.S...

...It's that two-liter container lining supermarket shelves, filled with Coke or Pepsi or the local brand of root beer...

...He further cautioned, "At [present] there is no laboratory test that would do this...

...TT _ —Paul H. Dunphy (Paul H. Dunphy, a reporter for the Daily Hampshire Gazette in Northampton, Massachusetts, recently returned from a tour of Northern Ireland...

...Its director, surprised at the inconsistencies, empaneled a new review committee to reconsider the original rat-and-mouse data...

...Word traveled to Dr...

...Instead, they chose to label the findings "statistically significant but biologically equivocal...

...We also wanted to show other Americans how we can all live better with less...

...Watt has not responded...

...It's a cinch to sum up the reaction of the FDA to the new conclusions: nothing...

...Organizers filed an application to build permanent structures, but the Forest Service turned them down...

...Since the chairman of North Carolina's industrial commission believes that more than 90 per cent of brown lung claims also involve some other ailment, the court's ruling is a potential gold mine in disability compensation savings for textile manufacturers...

...perhaps you've even bought it...

...Two reports, two conclusions...

...We've been in trouble with the Northern Ireland government constantly but it hasn't been able to put us out of business because of the public support we have in West Belfast," said Edwards...

...Period...

...Two Indians were killed...

...It naturally took objection to suggestions of carcinogenicity and fired off a letter to NCI: The experimenters at Hazelton Laboratories had mistakenly started their male mouse control group twelve weeks into the 103-week experiment, it said, and therefore ended up killing the controls for study at ninety weeks instead of 104...

...But at times they have found a common foe in the Northern Ireland government, which views them as fronts for paramilitary organizations, Mcllwaine said...

...Early in September, the permit expired and the Government ordered the Lakota to strike camp...

...or lung cancer...

...Are Americans drinking their Coca-Cola with weird chemical chasers...

...YELLOW THUNDER UNDER SIEGE RAPID CITY, SOUTH DAKOTA In his days as South Dakota's attorney general, William Janklow personally led state troopers in an armed assault on American Indian Movement (AIM) members peacefully occupying a factory on the Yankton Sioux reservation...

...Approximately fifty full-time residents are struggling through the winter at Yellow Thunder, living in tepees and tents heated by wood stoves they built from steel drums...

...And if the court extends Yellow Thunder's life, energy companies—and the Federal Government—may yet find some pretext for sending in the cavalry...

...Staff scientists there made the decision to revise the study's conclusions and distributed the second report finding DMT non-carcinogenic for all tested animals— including male mice...

...As cooperatives, the two taxi associations are able to cut expenses by running repair garages for the vehicles and by bulk purchasing of such supplies as tires, batteries, and diesel fuel...

...IN HARM'S WAY BELFAST When Irish nationalist sentiments reach a boiling point in predominantly Catholic West Belfast, the government of Northern Ireland beefs up police patrols, sends in more British soldiers, and shuts down the bus service...

...The community will use only renewable energy sources...

...The raid was extra-legal, to put the best face on it...

...Medical witnesses before the industrial commission and the appeals court, though, were reluctant to divide responsibility for lung disease between cotton dust and cigarette smoke...

...In the mid-1970s, the National Cancer Institute ordered tests on dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), one of the chemical components of PET plastic...

...If, after 103 weeks, the researchers found that DMT-fed animals developed tumors, then DMT would be suspected of causing cancer in humans as well...

...As Janklow and Haig well know, where American Indians are concerned, the rule of law—never mind justice—has rarely gotten in the way...

...Of course you've noticed it...

...The military cannot suppress a civilian disorder without benefit of Presidential or Congressional proclamation...

...North Carolina's supreme court reversed a lower court ruling and supported apportionment 5-to-2...

...Camp members have traveled to Montana and Wyoming to stay with -the- Cheyenne, Arapaho, and Kiowa tribes, which all once shared the Black Hills with the Lakota...

...What appears to be the same report is also available in the National Cancer Institute's own library, a quick half-mile jaunt away...

...Ford, secretary-treasurer of the Brown Lung Association, provided the most concise analysis of the supreme court's ruling...

...This apportionment business will be used to cheapen every case, to let the mill companies get away with paying disabled people a lot less money," says Len Haskett, speaking for the Brown Lung Association...

...And it is just as important to know whether other chemicals used in bottle-making pose similar questions...

...Announcing they would defend themselves and their home, camp residents refused to leave...

...Says camp organizer Bill Means: "We wanted to establish an alternative lifestyle to reservation poverty, to build a model for Indian people of a self-sufficient community that is spiritually and culturally based...

...We've been robbed," she said...

...Hazelton Laboratories America, of Vienna, Virginia, was awarded the NCI contract and began feeding DMT to fifty rats and fifty mice of each sex...

...Cooperation between the two taxi collectives is rare because of their opposing political stands...

...Scores of supporters from various reservations and organizations rushed to the Black Hills to stand with the people of Yellow Thunder against threats of forceful eviction...

...The amendment, published in December in the Federal Register, says that the incidence of tumors in male mice is significant...

...Mark I. Pinsky (Mark I. Pinsky, a free-lance writer based in Durham, North Carolina, reported on the apportionment case for The New York Times and the Boston Globe...

...It carries the same date and contains the same sets of data...

...no tests are even planned...

...This ambiguous label will be passed along to those Federal agencies— the FDA and the Environmental Protection Agency—which ultimately decide whether the regulations governing DMT should be changed...

...The taxis run more hours per day and they stop wherever a passenger hails and wants to get aboard...

...Says one Tobacco, Inc., spokesman, "We've never paid a penny of compensation for health claims, and we don't anticipate that we ever will...

...In the tobacco business, R.J...

...Support for apportionment was shown in briefs filed by attorneys for the state's plumbing, heating, and cooling contractors and by the law firm that represents the National Association of Manufacturers...

...rats or...

...Rubin took the news of the contradictory reports to the National Toxicology Program (NTP), which has taken over some cancer research duties formerly handled by the National Cancer Institute...

...Forest Service gave the campers a six-month permit...

...Such a study would provide yet another missing piece to the PET puzzle...

...Meanwhile, in Washington, the U.S...

...Crazy Horse Camp, for instance, stays in one location for two or three weeks to publicize the cause, then moves on...

...Cab fares are substantially below those charged on buses, which require a government subsidy to function...

...It runs about 150 taxis along the roads through largely Loyalist and Protestant neighborhoods, where the bus service has also been periodically suspended...

...With makers of products as diverse as peanut butter, mustard, and mayonnaise now considering PET containers, you have ample reason to want to test the plastic's, effect on human health...

...But the Irish are nothing if not inventive, especially when it comes to thwarting punitive strategies of the British...

...First introduced in 1977, the polyethylene terephthalate (or PET) bottle is now firmly entrenched in the billion-dollar soft drink industry...

...Our goal is to provide people with a cheaper and better transportation system than the buses and that is what we are doing," said a director of the FTA, Joseph Edwards...

...DATELINES What happened is that researchers at Hercules, Incorporated, of Wilmington, Delaware, got their hands on the first report...