Comment

...There was never much doubt as to what kind of party the Sanford Charter would define...

...The homes we live in, the land we live on, shape the course and nature of our lives...

...Clark shook his head sadly...

...Justice Revived Henry David Thoreau's observation, "Some circumstantial evidence is very strong, as when you find a trout in the milk," seemed to a great many citizens to apply to the slaying four years ago of four unarmed Kent State students by Ohio National Guardsmen...

...The Nixon Administration knows that Thieu cannot depend on Congress to provide his resources much longer...

...The World Bank shares with the Administration a basic and tragic oblivion to the Provisional Revolutionary Government, its aspirations, and the conflicts which have kept a revolution going for thirty years...

...We have had new details, from Robert E. Jordan III, the former general counsel of the Army, of the vast computerized data banks maintained by the military on American civilians...

...Taken together, these articles paint a sorry portrait of a land being laid to waste, an environment being destroyed, a way of life being deprived of one of its essential elements—decent shelter...

...No promise ever made to the American people has been more consistently, more thoroughly, more destructively betrayed...

...The Administration continues to argue about buildups by the Provisional Revolutionary Government, military violations, pressures, and intentions...

...Senate recently approved, by an appalling vote of fifty-four to thirty-three, a measure that would reinstate capital punishment for treason, espionage, and a series of crimes including kidnapping, hijacking, escape from custody, and the destruction of Federal buildings, when these actions result in death...

...Within the Army, he had found no attempt to explain American involvement in the war...

...Another 2,800 contract personnel provide aircraft maintenance and similar technical skills...

...There is no respect for truth, and the community loses the belief that knits it together...

...Despite the Paris Agreement, police advisers and the CIA remain in the field...

...The military aid program in the Pentagon bill is a study in continuity...

...We noted, in the deficit column, that he was cursed with "a disturbing absence of deep commitment to and involvement in programs he was proposing—there was a seeming lack of fighting faith in his principles and a willingness to reach accommodation and compromise even before the battle began...

...deploy major combat forces there...

...Retired Rear Admiral Gene La Rocque, who now heads the Center for Defense Information in Washington, recalls that in the early 1960s the Navy wanted to station naval forces on six islands, including Diego Garcia...

...The Nixon measure, while proposing some modest advances, would leave the present payment and delivery system largely untouched...

...But then Kennedy collapsed...

...In 1973, Washington gave the Thieu regime $2.85 billion in direct aid...

...Some 1,150 Pentagon employes still run all logistics for the Saigon government's forces...

...vessel visits to the Indian Ocean which was disrupted by the Vietnam war...

...The court martial was over in a day, but Simon's ¦ordeal has lasted far longer...

...The court martial took place at Fort Dix, New Jersey, where spectators, relatives, friends, and press filled the courtroom...

...I think it's evident that the South will fall into the hands of the North...

...it may finally be about to get its way...

...If such policies prevail, the Vietnam war could go on forever...

...Beginning on Page 19, Leonard Downie, Jr...

...The parallel with American society in the year 1974 needs no underlining...

...Simon's attorneys spent most of the day arguing a series of motions to dismiss the charges...

...As a sop to disappointed reformers, yet another study commission was proposed to come up with a more palatable alternative...

...It is a valid complaint for Aviation Week and Space Technology, and those who share its interests and point of view, to be making...

...In stunning contrast to the Nixon Administration's early lack of concern for justice in the Kent case was the announcement, following the indictments, by Arthur Krause, a Westinghouse executive, that he would help raise money for the guardsmen's legal defense...

...The Paris Agreement changed nothing...

...No," he said, "it will strengthen our desire for justice...

...It called for a mass-based, dues-paying party of card-carrying Democrats, to meet in national convention every two years...

...The defense noted, for .example, that Army authorities at Fort Dix and in Washington had denied Simon the right to appear before a Congressional subcommittee investigating the amnesty issue, despite a special request by subcommittee Chairman Robert Kastenmeier, Wisconsin Democrat...

...About half of the fifty states have enacted new death penalty laws, and all but a handful of the rest are considering such legislation...

...tells of the vast areas being despoiled by profit-hungry recreation land developers...

...We are confronted with an unprecedented opportunity to inquire into the myths we have believed, the institutions we have built, the values we have accepted—to inquire into them, to challenge them, to change them...

...Our people may run on a 'no charter' platform...

...The conflict in Vietnam has quietly entered a new phase in which the primary theater of war is economic rather than military...

...Simon was charged with having been absent without official leave since January 6, 1969—the day he decided he could no longer serve in an army waging war in Vietnam...

...Retreat to Barbarism No uglier spectacle is to be seen on the political landscape these days than the stampede in Congress and a substantial number of state legislatures to revive a barbarous practice that we thought had finally been abandoned in America—the death penalty...

...No just purpose, he said, could be served by incarcerating Lewis Simon or any individual who follows his conscience...

...This strategy sidesteps the Paris Agreement, ignores American obligations to it, and promises no end to a struggle that has cost the Vietnamese 120,000 to 150,000 casualties and nearly a million refugees in the last year...

...in 1973, when there were no executions, the rate was the same, and it has been consistent for the last forty years, regardless of whether or not the death penalty was imposed...

...In the past six years, the number of children attending all-black schools has dropped from about forty per cent to eleven per cent, but most of this desegregation took place in the South, while the core schools in many Northern cities have higher percentages of blacks than before because of the flight of white families to the suburbs...

...they even made partial converts of some "liberal" Democratic Presidential hopefuls...

...In the Senate, familiar names—McGovern, Hatfield, Kennedy, Abourezk among them—oppose unending military aid for Thieu...

...Then the emphasis was shifted to the radical political opposition during the antiwar protests...

...Vietnam: War Forever...

...But Attorney General John N. Mitchell, even though he said he agreed with the commission, withheld an FBI report from an Ohio state grand jury and refused to summon a Federal grand jury...

...I oppose the death penalty because it is grossly destructive of human hopes for a society more amenable to peace and less dependent on violence for the solution of its problems...

...According to a State Department official, the United States, which feared a political vacuum created by the British withdrawal from commitments east of Suez, persuaded London in 1965 to form the British Indian Ocean Territories (BIOT), an administrative entity including Diego Garcia and several other Indian Ocean islands...

...He did have the grace to express public regret to his liberal supporters...

...One is to get the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), a Federal agency, to insure multinational corporation investments in Vietnam...

...The Kennedy bill, on the other hand, proposed a decisive shift of power away from the private insurance companies and provided free or heavily subsidized health protection in a system largely financed by taxpayers through a variation of the present Social Security program...

...It is a brief, dry document—fewer than twenty typewritten pages—which codifies much of the heretofore unwritten evolution of the party of Jefferson, with a few modest, modern reforms written in: an enlarged, 350-member Democratic National Committee...

...Such a time may come, but not soon enough to help Lewis Simon...

...The memoranda, dated November 9, 1970, and December 22, 1970, concluded that the United States had minimal strategic interests in the area, and that those limited interests were not amenable to protection by military intervention...

...Undaunted, however, the Navy attempted to secure funds in the fiscal 1971 budget for Diego Garcia expansion...

...It has worked well for the past two years...

...Should busing restrictions survive the final go-around, the new law would go to the courts, where some observers expect it to be overturned...

...Predictably, President Nixon is in the forefront of the campaign, which centers on the old, discredited notion that capital punishment serves as a "deterrent...

...Almost each day brings new disclosures of outrages committed by the Nixon Administration in the name of "national security...

...A historic clash appeared to be shaping up between President Nixon's program and the alternative proposed by Senator Edward M. Kennedy, Massachusetts Democrat...

...We are infected by corruption at the top, and most of us know it...

...He has stripped the magic from the magic phrase...

...As for the House, like Mr...

...The theme is put in its starkest form in Oedipus: Thebes is afflicted by plague because of the moral corruption of her king...

...The Democratic Party would have become a national, ideologically coherent party on the European model...

...I oppose the death penalty because it cannot undo or rectify any crime that was committed, however brutal, and because there is no road back if the convicted man is later proved innocent...

...In a moving appeal to his Senate colleagues, Senator Harold E. Hughes, Iowa Democrat, observed that the death penalty "demeans human society without protecting it," and added: "The weight of history is that judicial killing brutalizes the nations who practice it...

...they augment domestic income ($140 per capita) by about one-third and provide more than half of all commodities available in South Vietnam...

...Army regulations permit a soldier facing court martial to don his uniform and decorations for the trial...

...Nixon on network radio, rebuked him in words that should have been applied to the House as well: "The President fanned the flames of the busing issue," he charged, "reopening a painful wound that was well on the way to being healed through the patience and the understanding of our American people...

...He understood the risks of surrender, but he was betting that Americans—and even the military—could at last face the "mistake" of Vietnam and forgive those who resisted participating in the war...

...Wallace forces have announced that they intend to treat races for the December 1974 National Policy Conference in Kansas City, where ratification of the Charter is the main order of business, as a dry run for the 1976 Democratic National Convention...

...When it got near election time, it was only natural to tap the Democrats...

...we must ask why, and how it was possible, and what steps we must take to keep it from being done again...

...William Chapman details the recent wave of government housing scandals that have victimized, most particularly, the poor, and Mark J. Mirsky issues an anguished complaint against some of the architectural monstrosities being erected in the name of "urban renewal...

...Simon was the major defense witness, and the military judge permitted a broad range of questions about his motivations for deserting...

...The case of Diego Garcia is but one example among many that can be cited to demonstrate the durability of the "national security" myth and the entrenched strength of the "national security" system...

...A series of Pentagon and State Department witnesses have warned Congress of the expanding Russian presence in the area, a presence which they predict will intensify when the Suez Canal reopens...

...They claimed they had been denied access to relevant witnesses...

...See The Progressive's April issue, "Health Care for All," which surveyed the dismal situation and explored affirmative alternatives to present policies— or lack of policies...

...It is increasingly evident that the American people will, in the next few months, go through the national trauma of proceedings to impeach the President and remove him from office...

...Thus, as the Administration breaks it down: • Hospital charges will skyrocket by sixteen to seventeen per cent...

...Relentless public pressure persuaded Mitchell's successors to reopen the Kent case, and a Federal grand jury has now indicted one present and seven former guardsmen...

...Abandoning his own bill, S. 3, Kennedy joined forces with conservative Representative Wilbur D. Mills, Arkansas Democrat, to sponsor a substitute bill which, while retaining some of the better features of the original measure, surrenders decisive ground to Nixon, the private insurance companies, and the powerful medical lobby...

...A few days later the House voted 293 to 117 to prohibit Federal courts from ordering long distance busing of children in order to end school segregation...

...We have the testimony of a high Administration source, quoted by The Washington Post's Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, that Watergate began in 1969 with "the first targets of aggressive wiretapping—the reporters and those in the Administration who were suspected of disloyalty...

...Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger announced last December that the United States would re-establish the pattern of regular U.S...

...Vietnamization goes only so far...

...Whether the President now has revived this fraudulent issue—only three per cent of the 21,000,000 children bused each school day are bused for desegregation purposes—primarily to preserve his support in the South, where the resistance to impeachment runs highest, or whether he did it out of that meannesss of spirit which makes him the worst President in our history, we cannot say...

...As Lewis Simon was escorted from the courtroom, Ramsey Clark was asked whether the sentence would hurt the amnesty movement...

...As Julius Duscha pointed out in The Progressive last month ("Military Spending: The Juggernaut Rolls On"), the Pentagon's appetite for new, costly, and dangerous weaponry is unassuaged, and the Congress seems more disposed than ever to accept the pernicious doctrine that "national security" is a dividend received from investments made in the technology of death...

...The second and more clandestine segment of the Administration's long-term planning is the effort to form a permanent international consortium to fund a significant portion of Thieu's needs through the World Bank and its subsidiaries...

...The military court found him guilty and sentenced him to seven months' confinement at hard labor and a bad conduct discharge, a stigma that will follow him for the rest of his life...

...At the conventions held in non-Presidential years party members would elect a national chairperson to a four-year term (not subject to dismissal by the Presidential nominee or the President himself) and formulate positions on national and international issues...

...We expect two things of our leaders: an inner sense of order and decency, and a respect for the office they hold...

...To this eloquent plea we can only add that the nation has quite enough blood on its hands without taking a long step back toward barbarism...

...It is doubtful, despite the opposition of all but one of the nations that border the Indian Ocean, that U.S...

...Pinsky, a free-lance writer based in Durham, North Carolina, has covered the Democratic Charter Commission since it was established...

...He described the demoralization of his well educated, anti-war colleagues: alcoholic, self-destructive, guilty about having "safe" jobs, yet fearful of losing them by expressing their opposition to the war...

...In an often rambling monologue, Simon described the incidents which had led to his action: From close friends he had heard, before entering the Army, about the corruption of the South Vietnamese and Thai governments...

...They contended that Simon's pre-trial confinement was unjustified and had kept counsel from preparing adequately for his defense...

...Had Kennedy stood his ground, his original bill would have been subjected to extensive committee hearings, public discussion, and extended debate in Congress...

...In recent weeks, for example: • We have had the exposure, by Republican Senator Lowell P. Weicker of Connecticut, of a special intelligence unit set up within the Internal Revenue Service to maintain dossiers on some 10,000 Americans deemed to be real or potential "enemies" of the Administration...

...Turning the Clock Back May marks the twentieth anniversary of the Supreme Court's great, historic decision in Brown v. Board of Education which was intended to open the way for equal rights in education and begin the racial desegregation of the nation's schools...

...open meetings "at all levels" of the party...

...indeed, we suspect that the unintended discrediting of "national security" as a pretext, as a catch-all rationalization for adventures abroad and assaults on liberty at home, may well turn out to be the signal achievement of the Nixon Administration...

...it would, in the language of one of the authors who contributed to our April presentation, "guarantee a powerful and lucrative role to insurance companies...

...Even Senator Barry Goldwater said recently that "for all intents and purposes we can scratch Vietnam...

...The U.S...

...commitments to affirmative action programs...

...Imports are used to compensate...

...Lynda McDonnell reports on the Americans —most of them elderly or in low-income brackets— who are being exploited by the builders of shoddy, unsafe, and expensive "mobile homes...

...These staggering increases, piled on already bloated medical costs that now amount to $80 billion a year, have focused unprecedented public attention on the urgent need for a comprehensive program of medical protection for all Americans...

...If government serves any human purpose, it is to protect its citizens from exploitation against which they are individually helpless, and to assure them of the essentials that they cannot provide for themselves...

...In the end, of course, Kennedy might have been obliged to give ground, and so, perhaps, would Nixon...

...They're innocent until proven guilty," Krause said, "and I won't deprive them of that right, even though my daughter was deprived of her right, the right to live...

...But to surrender at the very outset places the President and his program in a virtually impregnable position...

...Perhaps there is some hope for the country after all...

...Surrender meant leaving his Swedish wife in a strange land, alone and pregnant with her first child...

...The Nixon Administration, bound to the Saigon regime's President Nguyen Van Thieu by all the myths of the Vietnam involvement it must perpetuate to save its own face, has created a strategy to attempt to counter a rapidly deteriorating economic situation in the areas controlled by the Saigon government...

...It contrasted sharply with the face of the young man who had walked down a New York City street last December on his first night home from Sweden, hopeful that his faith in America would be vindicated by an acquittal...

...The High Cost of Conscience More than five years after his desertion from the U.S...

...At the close of the meeting at the Sheraton Park, AN AMERICAN TRAGEDY It is a classic idea that a whole community may be infected by the sickness of its leadership, by a failure of ideals at the top...

...There is not, and never has been, any evidence to support this claim: In 1935, when 199 executions took place in the United States, the national rate of murder and manslaughter was about ten for each 100,000 of population...

...Clark's plea for mercy brought tears to the eyes of many in the courtroom, but it did not sway the court...

...Now the President and the House have moved to restrict the busing of black or white children to achieve racial integration, just as if the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 decision and many subsequent lower court rulings reinforcing and expanding it had never been written...

...Thus it is proceeding with long-range plans...

...Navy installation on the Indian Ocean island of Diego Garcia...

...Over the months, and without the usual volume of Democratic acrimony, the major Fraser-O'Hara innovations were gradually compromised away, with Democratic National Chairman Robert Strauss leading the proceedings...

...A quarter of a century later, many millions of Americans lack decent homes, and the environment we all share is hardly suitable for living...

...The Progressive devotes a substantial section of this issue to a series of articles that bear the common heading, "This Land Is Whose Land...

...It is tragic to find Senator Kennedy following in his late brother's footsteps in this regard...

...Kennedy's explanation for taking a dive is that the only hope for action in this session of Congress was to compromise by getting as close to the Nixon bill as possible...

...The drafters of the Fraser-O'Hara Charter felt that if they could retain the newly involved activists—blacks and other minorities, young people, and women—and at the same time bring back those traditional elements of the Democratic Party overlooked in the New Politics stampede—blue collar workers, the elderly, and Southern and Eastern European ethnics—then the doddering Democratic Party might be transformed into a dynamic, democratic organization...

...Had it been any other time, I would have had no objection to serving," said Simon, "but I could not ignore my conscience...

...Public testimony and secret correspondence between the Pentagon and Capitol Hill, however, indicate these supposedly "new" factors justifying an expanded U.S...

...Shortly thereafter Senator Claiborne Pell, Rhode Island Democrat, who had been chosen to give what was billed as the "Congressional response" to Mr...

...The Government need not fear those who act on conscience...

...A bill offered by Senator Frank Church to terminate OPIC was defeated...

...JUDITH MILLER (Judith Miller is The Progressive's Washington correspondent...

...Aviation Week and Space Technology's complaint— and it is widely shared by the President's disenchanted former admirers in the conservative business, military, and political communities—boils down to this: Nixon has given "national security" a bad name...

...Lust for power replaces love of justice, and there is chaos in the land...

...Such a Twentieth Century Dickensian scenario is not far away...

...He is, in a sense, as much a victim as the rest of us: Watergate and its attendant crimes and follies would not have been possible were it not for the pervasive climate that countenanced almost any abuse of the Constitution, of the law, of the basic precepts of human decency, in the name of "national security...

...Today, corruption is unabated, and the regime's military policies continue to consume half of its budget and keep hundreds of thousands of workers from productive occupations...

...How the Land Lies In a ringing declaration of policy and intent, Congress proclaimed in 1949 every American's right to "a decent home and a suitable living environment...

...After much Congressional probing and fussing, the sweeping "emergency powers" vested in the President— in the interests of "national security"—remain intact...

...In response to the canal argument, opponents like Admiral La Rocque argue that in time of conflict, reliance on waterways as vulnerable as the Suez Canal makes no military sense...

...it is little more than the continuation of private insurance by other means...

...Incarceration could arise only from some desire for vengeance, which was neither a just nor lawful purpose...

...If that painful but essential process results merely in the disgracing and dismissal of Richard M. Nixon, it will not suffice...

...The document, known as the Charter of the Democratic Party, was approved at a three-day meeting held at the Sheraton Park Hotel in the nation's capital...

...In its place, there is now the Sanford Charter, named after the new commission chairman, former North Carolina governor and now Duke University President Terry Sanford...

...Because they are our environment, we tend to be unaware of their gradual but steady decay...

...Thus: • A few weeks ago the House of Representatives, which, one might suspect, has more formidable problems to cope with at the moment, voted 247 to 86 to give its Internal Security Committee an additional $475,000 (above the Committee's regular $250,000 appropriation) to investigate "subversives...

...All of these measures are designed to meet the objection raised by the Supreme Court in 1972, when it held that the death penalty as then administered was unconstitutional because it was, as Justice Potter Stewart put it, "wantonly and freakishly imposed...

...Somehow, both assume the PRG will fade away into the jungle...

...Ten years ago, in an obituary editorial on President John F. Kennedy, we reflected on the pluses and minuses of his tragically brief tenure at the White House...

...GUY GRAN (Mr...

...The military judge found Simon guilty as charged, ruling, "Conscience is not a defense...

...The purpose of these territories became clear the following year, when the United States and Britain signed an agreement making BIOT available for the defense needs of both governments...

...COMMENT The 'National Security' Hoax One of the more fascinating commentaries on the Watergate Affair to have come our way in recent months was an indignant editorial in Aviation Week and Space Technology which took President Nixon and his aides to task for attempting to justify on "national security" grounds "virtually every criminal and malodorous act that was committed during the sordid period now loosely known as Watergate...

...There was almost a different kind of Charter, one which would have provided for quite a different kind of Democratic Party...

...While there are still some substantial differences between the two programs, Kennedy's accommodation with Nixon has deprived the nation of a meaningful debate on one of the most compelling issues of this session...

...Late in the day, former Attorney General Ramsey Clark took the stand to make an impassioned plea for mercy...

...But a great many refugees could be conscripted into processing factories, earn $1 a day, and provide Thieu with both revenue and political control...

...bombing raids on civilian targets...

...He has destroyed the efficacy of the scare-words that have been used for a quarter century and more to con Americans into accepting the monstrous costs—in life and liberty and treasure—of an expanding empire...

...That is the nightmare of the Democratic Charter Commission as well as the Democratic National Committee...

...For the past decade, more than eighty-five per cent of the resources spent each year to keep the Saigon government going has come from the United States...

...Simon's face began to reflect the anguish of his six-year ordeal—toughened suddenly by disappointment and bitterness...

...The reassuring aspect of this sordid affair is that, even though long delayed, justice has been revived, and the whole story will finally come out in an open court of law...

...Oedipus's terrible understanding, and then his self-punishment, freed Thebes from plague...

...Simon pleaded not guilty to the charge of being AWOL, but acknowledged during questioning that he had fled to Sweden in 1969 instead of returning to training at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, after Christmas leave...

...A study commission of the Democratic Party observed that occasion, appropriately enough, by completing work on the first Party constitution in its century-and-a-half history...

...But at the last minute, McGovern strategists on the Miami convention floor bartered that Charter away to a panic-stricken array of politicians who realized that while they might survive George McGovern, they might not survive the Fraser-O'Hara Charter...

...A Presidential commission found the shootings inexcusable, and then-Presidential lawyer William H. Rehnquist, a law-and-or-der advocate if ever we knew one, said the gunfire was unwarranted...

...By providing more rigid guidelines for the application of capital punishment, the states and Congress hope to meet the constitutional test and restore the institution of officially sanctioned murder-by-the-state...

...Simon found political asylum in Sweden, but not a homeland...

...That document, developed jointly by study commissions headed by Representative Don Fraser of Minnesota and Representative James O'Hara of Michigan, was drawn up in the heady days preceding the 1972 convention in Miami...

...It has included a difficult decision to desert, an even more difficult decision to surrender, and three months of incarceration, largely spent in solitary confinement, while awaiting trial...

...If it strikes out at those who do, it injures itself and the rule of law...

...Krause's daughter, Allison, was one of the students killed in the Kent shooting...

...And that's the way it should be...

...What had been billed as the "battle of the century" in medical economics has now degenerated into a fixed fight...

...Problems can be swept under the rug by money, if not by military force...

...The motions to dismiss the case were denied by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Morrison, who consistently referred to himself in the third person as "the military judge...

...instead, the Army relied on fear and intimidation of soldiers, on equating "manhood" with murder, and on portraying the Asian enemy as sub-human, a characterization particularly offensive to Simon, a linguist specialized in Chinese...

...Nixon has now urged public support for his education bill including its provisions against "excessive forced busing"—whatever that means...

...In testimony before a House Foreign Affairs subcommittee, former Pentagon systems analyst Earl Ravenal recalled that the proposal to build a base on Diego Garcia first emerged in the Defense Department in the summer of 1967, but was rejected by Congress, as were similar efforts in 1968 and 1969...

...Despite his anti-war sentiments, he had thought he would be able to tolerate the Army, and, ironically, he had hopes of using his linguistics skills to work in the National Security Agency after completing his military service...

...It took the 168-member Democratic Charter Commission fifteen months, five full meetings, and thirty individual state hearings to undo almost completely the Fraser-O'Hara Charter...

...The standard of living has been declining while the world prices of key imports—rice, fertilizer, and petroleum products—have gone through the roof...

...But in general the Charter merely recognizes what presently exists: a diverse confederacy of fifty state parties, which come together every four years to choose a Presidential candidate...

...Compromise, of course, is indispensable to the passage of controversial legislation, but why compromise before the battle begins...

...Americans may hesitate at what seems to some regicide, but they understand that their sickness comes from the king...

...Physicians' fees will jump about nine per cent...

...If so, the measure would go to a Senate-House conference for possible compromise...

...There is no better way to begin that process than by creating a special joint committee of Congress charged with investigating the uses and abuses of "national security" as a decisive force in the governing of America...

...I believe the present limited busing law is, a good law...

...presence on Diego Garcia are merely rationalizations for the Navy's persistent expansionist aims in the Indian Ocean for the past decade and a half...

...Moreover, in a secret memo sent to a Senate committee only a year ago, the Pentagon acknowledged that although the Soviets have had naval forces in the Indian Ocean since 1968, only once, in December 1971, during the India-Pakistan war, did the U.S.S.R...

...Gran is a research associate with the Indochina Resource Center in Washington, D.C...

...The contributors to this issue of The Progressive remind us that we must recognize this process of deterioration, and halt it by holding accountable those institutions of government that were conceived—but are not performing—as our servants...

...But while the House had already decided not to leave it alone, some hope persisted that the Senate version of the education bill would not restrict busing...

...Until early April it appeared likely that Congress and the country would have a choice between two significantly different approaches...

...a similar bill is pending in the House of Representatives...

...Of course all this has given "national security" a bad name—but our concern is hardly that of the military-industrial complex...

...To do so, a Congressional ban must be lifted...

...During the Presidential primary season two years ago, Governor George Wallace and President Nixon led the pack in demands for an end to "forced busing...

...The Pentagon has been telling Congress that the prospective reopening of the Suez Canal will lead to an expansion of an alleged impressive Soviet naval showing in the area, and that such a prospect demands an immediate American response...

...MARK PINSKY (Mr...

...Kennedy's Blow to Health Care If price controls on health costs are allowed to die April 30, as seems most likely, the nation's health bill will soar by $5.5 billion the first year and an additional $9 billion the second year, according to the Nixon Administration's own estimates...

...They seek to encourage him to move toward peace by meeting the political obligations of the Paris Agreement...

...We must not be content to establish who did what...

...What has apparently prompted this deplorable trend is a recent series of spectacular crimes—most notably the Symbionese Liberation Army's kidnapping of Patricia Hearst—which has, in turn, been seized upon by political demagogues eager to refurbish their "law-and-order" image...

...ANTHONY LEWIS in The New York Times one staff member observed: "We've got the votes here, but if Wallace comes into Kansas City with enough people, they could put up the Pledge of Allegiance as a substitute and make that the Charter of the Democratic Party...

...Another arms race is in the making—and so is another potential area of conflict between the superpowers—all in the name of "national security...

...It further noted that most of the Soviet ships in the area are merchant vessels, hydro-graphic research ships, and vessels being tested in tropical environments...

...In each of the areas discussed here, government has failed to meet these needs—either by neglect, as in the failure to enact and enforce protective standards of land use and home construction and maintenance, or by direct complicity, as in corrupt administration of housing programs and wanton destruction of existing communities...

...It meant not only temporarily relinquishing his freedom, but being barred forever in many states from employment in his chosen vocation—teaching...

...Because he returned voluntarily, the Army charged him with being AWOL, a crime punishable by a one-year maximum prison term, instead of desertion, which carries a three-year sentence...

...In the two decades since the decision there has been significant progress toward desegregation after a painfully slow start...

...This time it requested $18 million for a smaller scale "communications facility," involving radar and satellite operations, supposedly intended to replace the National Security Agency installation at Asmara, Ethiopia...

...The evidence seemed strong enough to call for at least a Federal grand jury investigation...

...The only people on the commission who did not like the Sanford Charter were the Wallace people—"person" is more accurate, since the Alabama governor's position on the commission was under-represented by a single member, Hall Timanus of Houston...

...The Democratic Party has always been a confederation," says Timanus...

...Early in April, the House of Representatives approved a $1.14 billion supplemental military authorization bill which included, among many other items, $29 million for development of a U.S...

...For nearly twenty minutes, Clark held the courtroom spellbound as he elucidated, with softly Southern eloquence, his personal philosophy of justice...

...expansion in the area can be stopped...

...The author of the editorial, Robert Hotz, writing in a publication that can fairly be described as a house organ for the military-industrial complex, charged that "the false security blanket" has been used "to conceal policies that were either illegal, corrupt, or so patently wrong they could not stand the pressure of public debate...

...Nursing home charges will soar by fourteen per cent...

...One current example deserves examination in detail as a case study of how we are, even now, plunging into potentially perilous new depths in the pursuit of "national security...

...Neither the "national security" system nor the "national security" mystique is of President Nixon's making, though he has labored mightily over the years to, bolster both the system and the mystique...

...At the same time, the National Security Council staff issued two National Security Study Memoranda highly critical of plans for such expansion...

...Soviet naval presence in the area, according to the memo, is designed primarily to "show the flag...

...There is nothing inside Richard Nixon, and he has not been exalted by the great office of the Presidency...

...Yet Congress will be asked for another $1.6 billion in military aid for fiscal 1975 for the Thieu dictatorship...

...Finally, they maintained that "command influence" in Simon's case had denied him an impartial, fair, and speedy trial...

...Congress approved the request, and an agreement with the British permitting the expansion was announced on December 15, 1970...

...In an Alexandria, Virginia, courtroom, a Federal judge upheld the right of the Central Intelligence Agency to censor a former employe's book—on grounds of "national security"—though he found that the CIA had abused the right with respect to all but twenty-seven passages of the 339 it had sought to delete...

...What is special about him is his utter detachment from the norms of morality, the standards of leadership that are the premise of successful democratic government...

...That climate existed before Nixon entered the White House, and there is great danger that it will persist after he is ousted from it...

...It would be closed," said La Rocque, "by one side or the other...

...and provision for quadrennial "National Policy Conferences" of uncertain composition and little power, to be held sometime during even-numbered, non-Presidential years...

...Long before the unauthorized bombing raids on Cambodia became public knowledge, he visited Cambodia and learned about the death and destruction inflicted by U.S...

...Last December he came home to New York City, and returned to military control in a well-publicized "surrender" designed to dramatize the issue of amnesty for Vietnam war resisters...

...Economic chaos could soon threaten Thieu's survival...

...Our concern is and must be that despite all the President has done to expose—again unintentionally—"national security" as a hoax, the national security system survives intact, and continues to jeopardize our freedom and the world's peace...

...My sense," said Clark, "is that the Army is fully vindicated by his return and by this conviction...

...Army, Private Lewis Simon was back in uniform again last March...

...In classic drama, the resolution may come when the tragic hero gains insight into his own flawed nature...

...The United States supplies Thieu with essentially unlimited ammunition, which he promptly uses...

...Nixon it has chosen the very season when Brown v. Board of Education should be exalted, to trample on it instead...

...Confederate Democrats March 1974 marked an obscure milestone in the history of the American Republic—the 195th anniversary of the ratification of the Articles of Confederation in Annapolis, Maryland...

...Let's leave it alone...

...See "Amnesty: Eddy McNally Comes Home," in the February 1974 issue of The Progressive...

...The level of fighting now keeps multinational corporations away...

...This fragile economy, sustained each year by $750 million or more of imports, is now being shattered by worldwide inflation...

...America's tragedy today is that, on the record so far, there is no likelihood of President Nixon achieving the necessary moral understanding of himself or of his responsibility...

...The Navy has been pressing for a "presence" in the Indian Ocean since the late 1950s...

...Other reforms suggested ways to integrate the party economically as well as racially...