Facts and Insight On the Middle East
GOLDBLOOM, MAURICE J.
Indeed, I am informed by upstate Democratic legislators that the support by Milwaukee Democrats of such bills as the increase of the truck weight limit and the licensing of fourteen year old...
...Selected by James T. Far-rell (Vintage...
...Reviewed by Edward H. Buehrig The concluding paragraphs of this biography are singularly appropriate...
...But some of the worst discriminations, such as the payment of lower prices to Arab than to Jewish farmers, have now been ended...
...For their part, the Arab states have insisted on the right of full repatriation and refused even to consider resettlement in theory—though in practice, many refugees have been integrated into the economies of Syria and Jordan...
...This outlook chastened his evangelism...
...Hence it may be in order for this reviewer to say that it strengthens and confirms convictions he had already formed before he read Adams' careful record of events and his discerning interpretation of them...
...Printed in italics between these reprinted reports are excellent statements giving them continuity and explaining some of the events to which they refer...
...1.50) —William McCann The Author Was In Jail Jim Peck wasn't available to attend literary tea parties in honor of his new book, We Who Would Not Kill...
...Granting this, however, one is still confronted by Wilson's inflexibility in dealing with people...
...But the surface has only been scratched, and we will need to learn more about changing attitudes toward democratic and public service values, as Luther tells us, while building roads, harbors, and schools and modernizing agriculture...
...If, as I heard in Egypt, it was British intelligence which led Eden to believe that Nasser could be easily supplanted by a man more friendly to the West, British intelligence was terribly mistaken...
...2 volumes...
...The Fervent Years, The Story of the Group Theatre and the Thirties, by Harold Clurman (Dramabooks...
...264 pp...
...To have done so would have meant the virtual death of the U.N...
...Harper...
...The rate of investment in terms of gross national product is 29 per cent as compared to that of India, which is about 6 to 8 per cent...
...Even the enlightened leadership of Emperor Haile Selassie is insufficient force to move aside easily the castelike relationship between the landowning aristocracy and the peasants...
...NORMAN THOMAS is the well-known Socialist leader...
...True, as Walworth so often demonstrates, Wilson en famille was a warm, charming personality, high-spirited and affectionate...
...One such project is described by Stuart Perowne in an article in the Laqueur book...
...Mizra Khan" points out that the Deir Yasin massacre was condemned by the official Zionist leadership— but without mentioning that its perpetrators not only went unpunished, but were incorporated in the official Zionist forces and given a leading part in the seizure of Haifa in the following week...
...The advantages of the U.N., it would seem, lie not in being divorced from power politics, but in providing a permanent multilateral framework where the conflicts of power can sometimes be harmonized more successfully than through traditional bilateral diplomacy...
...Any analysis of economic development in Africa which does not take into account the total problems of politics and culture inevitably takes on the abstract nature of an economic model with limited value...
...First, it is a wholesome answer to the growing tendency in America to believe that President Eisenhower should have allowed the Israeli, French, and British to proceed with their attack on Egypt...
...Matters are probably not that bad...
...Certain sections of Africa, because of the generosity of nature and the character of existing socio-political framework, are particularly equipped for rapid advancement...
...individualists all and yet so easily the dupes of an idea, the slaves of a cheap slogan...
...Nasser, for example, does not emerge as a Middle Eastern Abraham Lincoln because he is definitely not a Hitler, a Mussolini, or a Stalin...
...Indeed, I am informed by upstate Democratic legislators that the support by Milwaukee Democrats of such bills as the increase of the truck weight limit and the licensing of fourteen year old children to drive motor scooters was due to the fact that some union locals organized in firms that would benefit from such legislation worked for it...
...The whites, outnumbered by more than twenty to one, will either have to create another South Africa or adopt a more liberal policy...
...At another level, however, Brown thinks and writes as a lawyer...
...3.50) is an incredibly monotonous collection...
...Brown did not undertake to survey the entire continent but merely assigned himself the task of reviewing the loyalty tests applied as a condition of employment in our era of obsession with security...
...when one attacks him, he defends himself...
...Yet, ten years after the end of the Palestine war, the great majority of them still live in areas under military control and are unable to move around without special passes which are often difficult to obtain...
...Story after story deals with the loneliness of individuals cut off—usually by death—from a loved one...
...95 cents) Historic Decisions of the Supreme Court, by Carl Brent Swisher (Anvil...
...If the situation of the Arabs in Israel has showed slow improvement, the position of the refugees has steadily deteriorated...
...Cliches, however, are still cliches, even though they are not much used at the moment...
...railroads is sufficiently damning and corrupt without applying the above methods to its discussion...
...Of the two reviewed here, that of Don Peretz is a mine of factual information on the most acute, though not the most basic, of the region's chronic problems...
...Neither story is a particularly encouraging one, although there are some signs of gradual improvement for the Arabs in Israel...
...He seems to suggest that supporting the Israeli side is a matter of "principle," while supporting the Arab side is "power politics...
...His book is made up of a selection of his acute on-the-spot reports to his paper during this "year of crisis...
...His studies range over a wide variety of cases and materials that illustrate vividly some of the most important aspects of African development in terms of both their prospects and their difficulties...
...Cultivation took place under the direction of scientifically-trained personnel, with mechanized equipment...
...In addition to data on public record Brown got other information from officials and employers who have had a hand in the application of loyalty tests, from attorneys who functioned in the proceedings, and from employees and former employees upon whom the procedures operated...
...Two areas that he especially considers, although there are many others, are Southern Sudan (which has the Gezira scheme) and the Central African Federation...
...I'm sick and tired of the Fair being treated only as a contest between Russia and the United States as the Olympics and other international exhibitions have come to be treated...
...To accomplish this, he declares, first priority in all defense spending must go only to that kind of force most likely to prevent the Russians or Chinese from launching an atomic war...
...Is there any hope, then, for the short story...
...Translated by Donald Attwater (Living Age...
...or China from making war...
...In sharp contrast to the official American policy, Finletter suggests that we modify our Formosan policy to the extent of letting the non-Communist peoples of Asia, including the Formosans, have a share in deciding the future status and defense of Formosa...
...His judgments are clearcut and he does not hedge...
...A discriminatory nationality law has made many of them aliens in their own land...
...This is the first comprehensive and dispassionate study of the entire problem...
...In Palestine, the tendency to flee was aggravated by the terror which the leader-less and disorganized Arabs felt after the massacre of Deir Yasin, in which the inhabitants of a peaceful Arab village were slaughtered en masse by the forces of the Irgun and Stern gang...
...158 pp...
...But as for the Senators on the Committee on Foreign Relations, his contempt "was too deep-seated to permit him to woo their good will...
...With regard to the latter question, the important thing, he feels, is for the NATO powers to consult more closely and seek common agreement on their policies outside the NATO sphere toward areas like Suez, Algeria, Communist China, and Formosa...
...Others in the crew had previously received suspended sentences for their first attempt...
...225 pp...
...They were subjected over and over again to the most extreme punishments available to Federal prison officials, but their techniques were ultimately effective and their accomplishments were sometimes monumental...
...The work of Criswell, West, and Malamud indicates a basic truth about the short story...
...Facts and Insight On the Middle East Israel and the Palestine Arabs, by Don Peretz...
...Such a proposal seems sensible, but its implementation will take a good deal of persuasion both in Washington and New Delhi...
...Beacon Press...
...Here he feels we need to take a much stronger offensive, not in a military sense, but in a political and ideological sense, to develop a cordial understanding with the Asian peoples based upon the ideals of individual freedom and the elimination of war...
...A middle class is only beginning to emerge, and the first Ethiopian engineer has yet to be trained...
...But one wonders if that small, fragile form can support the kind of excavation work necessary to dredge up treasures never before seen by man...
...Two things give present importance to this book...
...Yet in Wilson's view Providence was leading man not from without but from within, for, as Walworth says of him at the Peace Conference, "He was haunted by a mystical, irrational faith that there was, deep down, a fine, intelligent strain of public opinion that the leaders were failing to cultivate...
...Yale University Press...
...Therefore her work is refreshing because it represents a turning away from the currently modish...
...His life is an uncompromising search for a better life for all men...
...1.25...
...At page 340, for example, he examines the familiar argument that the Communist has surrendered his independence of judgment, is committed to the destruction of democratic institutions, is a criminal conspirator, and thereby is disqualified from the teaching profession...
...Certainly these four writers have not ventured far from the familiar, safe surface...
...Almost everything about the refugees has been the subject of controversy, including the circumstances of their flight and their number...
...In short, she has what the three male writers lack: range...
...Of course, most of the benefits of this development in the Federation are being reaped by the Europeans who have an average income of $3,156 as compared with an average African income of $120 to $140 annually...
...Ethiopia Today, by Ernest W. Luther...
...He is an individual, unlabeled, guided on every step by his own inner convictions...
...Hence if an informed public opinion on the Middle East is to be developed, books on the area must play an unusually important part...
...First, there is Bernard Malamud's much-praised The Magic Barrel (Far-rar, Straus and Cudahy...
...But his comments are at two levels, and these two sets of pronouncements are perceptibly different in tone...
...311 pp...
...With such devastating details of passenger life on the railroads, woe to readers and railroads alike had Mr...
...Peck refused...
...One of his disturbing, but realistic, conclusions is that Africa will be for some time a continent in which there exist islands of relative prosperity in a great sea of continuing poverty...
...This method has disadvantages as well as advantages in portrayal of a situation...
...It is upon the validity of this faith, Walworth says, "that the measure of Woodrow Wilson's greatness depends...
...All these are accorded the anonymity of the confessional—itself a commentary on our times...
...4.95...
...He wrote "They Wait in Darkness...
...Finletter lays much emphasis on rebuilding America's military force (especially its strategic air power) to the point where there can be no doubt it would deter the U.S.S.R...
...Adams concludes that Arabs are or have been "dreamers of great dreams which they have seldom the patience or the practical ability to carry into effect...
...Harper...
...50 cents) The Theater, by Stark Young (Dramabooks...
...He brings out particularly the immense deadweight of traditionalism in Ethiopia of centuries of doctrinaire autocracy in the church and state...
...Moreover, as Peretz points out, many Israeli officials, including administrators, members of Parliament, and especially judges, have consistently if not always successfully worked to protect the interests of Israel's Arab minority...
...The others were remanded to jail, and Peck was offered a 60-day suspended sentence if he would sign probation papers that contained a promise not to try it again...
...The account is richly suggestive...
...The development of cordial understanding between America and the Arab Middle East has been hampered by the differences regarding Israel and the old dilemma of "principle" versus "power politics...
...On the whole, Laqueur has put together a collection of articles offering useful information for those who already have some background knowledge...
...John J. Spadaro Cranbury, N.J...
...Challenge in Africa African Economic Development, by William A. Hance...
...But that is work for minds of rare distinction...
...This, it would seem, could be argued either way, depending on one's own personal evaluation of the situation...
...As commentator Brown is forthright and blunt...
...On the number of refugees, a similar difference exists...
...Wilson...
...Reviewed by Maurice J. Goldbloom Step by step—or perhaps one should say misstep by misstep—the United States is becoming ever more deeply involved in the affairs of the Middle East...
...The history of U.S...
...Other proposals, particularly regarding Asia, reflect a fresh and imaginative approach which, if adopted, would lead to significant changes in our present policies...
...they would eradicate many of the abominations committed in the name of security...
...There is a feeling, also, that Miss Lessing doesn't always come to terms with her material...
...This is not to say that Miss Lessing is always successful...
...relief at "about 700,000...
...It is hard to say...
...When all is said and done about the evils of colonial exploitation and racial discrimination, still widespread in Africa, we come back to the immensely difficult job of economic development...
...This was the second voyage...
...The method of the book is interesting...
...204 pp...
...8.75...
...Ernest Luther himself was a Point IV expert in Ethiopia, where we have one of our largest aid programs in Africa...
...He is a talented writer, but it is questionable that these stories add much either to our knowledge of the human condition in general or of life in rural Ireland in particular...
...Translated by Samuel Putnam (Phoenix...
...A modest literary tradition has grown up about rural Ireland, and it is into this tradition that West fits...
...It deals both with the Arab refugees and the Arabs who found themselves in the position of a "foreign" minority in their own homeland...
...Paperback Plums Canadian critic Robert McCormack observes that an appreciable number of highbrow paperbacks are designed to stimulate "cultural twitch...
...Particularly noteworthy is Walworth's account of Wilson and the peace, which, beginning with the Armistice negotiations, occupies most of the second volume...
...Romantic also was the reiterated faith in the capacity of public opinion instinctively to choose the general good above particular interest...
...Those who would support the tragic view of Wilson's career, as I believe Walworth is inclined to do, must point up the many indications of a more realistic appreciation of politics than is evident in the public speeches...
...This, in conjunction with our support of the Bagdad Pact, has tended to alienate Arabs who believe we are trying to divide Arab brothers...
...I do not enjoy discussion of a serious economic subject in a vein of flippant humor, obvious exaggeration, economic and historical generalization, and manifest inaccuracy...
...All forces for other purposes (e.g...
...The former view is suggested by the unreality of his vision of justice consuming special interest—the "rainbow arch," Walworth aptly calls it, "far above the limited concepts of justice that were worshipped in the temples of nations...
...Ortega y Gasset said of the novel that "the large veins accessible to any diligent hand are worked out...
...Policy Assessed Foreign Policy: The Next Phase, by Thomas K. Finletter...
...His reply was succinct, "Yes, his successor...
...These stories deal mainly with Irish rural life and the harshness, the barrenness of living uncomfortably close to nature...
...An original Israeli refusal to discuss repatriation except as part of a peace settlement was replaced by an offer—quickly withdrawn—to accept the return of 100,-000 refugees as a part of such a settlement...
...50 cents) The Theory of Business Enterprise, by Thorstein Veblen (Mentor...
...My own observation in the Middle East supports this judgment...
...1.25) Rebellion in the Backlands, by Euclides da Cunha...
...Not only was this course urged by all the leaders in the League to Enforce Peace and by House and Sir Edward Grey, but as well by Wilson's new intimates at the White House, and even, Walworth reports, by Mrs...
...U.S...
...3.50) is a collection which eschews sentimentality...
...He also suggests that we urge India and other Asian countries to take seriously the threats of war and subversion from the Communist powers and work out a program in which the initiative for the defense of Asia will come from the Asian countries, with the West taking only such a share as is agreed upon with Asia...
...If we are to make the comparison, Lincoln was the more authentically tragic figure, and, in spite of Lincoln's lack of formal education (which Wilson, incidentally, disparaged), he was the more profoundly philosophical, capable of dealing with the paradoxical without committing patent inconsistencies...
...95 cents) Prejudices: A Selection, by H. L. Mencken...
...Adams found in the events he recorded plenty of reasons for critical judgment of all parties concerned in the tangle of Middle Eastern affairs, but his criticism is understanding and balanced...
...In this respect American citizens have been badly served by their press, with occasional exceptions like the Christian Science Monitor, and even worse served by their government...
...As monotonous as the oft-repeated theme is the repetition of basically similar plot situations and the appearance throughout the stories of more or less standard characters—especially old people and children...
...Whatever the pleasures one MAURICE J. GOLDBLOOM has served in the U. S. Foreign Service and was once editor of the foreign affairs department of the American Jewish Committee...
...Each writer's work reminds you of someone else's...
...95 cents) The Religious Aspect of Philosophy, by Josiah Royce (Harper Torch-books...
...And finally, although to a lesser degree, my generalization unfortunately fits Miss Lessing's work...
...Mayer said anything about disliking same...
...The story is told by a reporter in the dispassionate language of the skilled newsman...
...I read The Progressive because I try (with admittedly limited ability) to engage in a little constructive and serious thought...
...it may and often does run contrary to reason...
...Private capital from overseas has been pouring into the new mining and manufacturing industries...
...The relation between the state of Israel and the Arabs who were displaced from their homes or who came under Israeli rule as a result of the Palestine war of 1948 is a subject on which a great deal has been written...
...She does not write with West's richness, or with Malamud's color, but one feels she has something more important to do: the illumination of various odd corners of existence...
...They are less annoying than the others mentioned simply because Miss Lessing's models are older ones than Malamud's, West's, and Criswell's...
...She is, in the best sense of a niuch-abused term, an old-fashioned story teller...
...At any rate, among the following titles there may be a stimulant or two for your "cultural twitch": Flight into Space, The Facts, Fancies and Philosophy, by Jonathan Norton Leonard (Modern Library Paperbacks...
...This is official doctrine which has been reiterated many times by both the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations...
...Doris Lessing's The Habit of Loving (Crowell...
...The value of Luther's book, Ethiopia Today, is its rounded approach to the overall economic problem...
...513 pp...
...But Finletter's discussion illustrates the difficulty of defining "principle" and "power politics" in objective terms...
...The author found a fragment of paper containing in Wilson's hand a verse from Habakkuk: "The vision is yet for an appointed time, but at the end it shall speak, and not lie: though it tarry, wait for it...
...Jane Bowers Duquesne University Pittsburgh, Pa...
...These were the men whose pacifism was so consistent that they refused not only to kill but also to do any work which would contribute toward the war...
...The differences here would be insignificant enough, since the lower figure represents an appalling amount of human misery, except that "Mizra Khan" uses his statistics as a basis for arguing that the few pennies a day spent on relief—his phrase is "vast quantities of relief goods"—should be taken away from "about 200,000 non-existing refugees...
...One of the most inspiring accomplishments has been the creation of an integrated cooperative pattern of life in which resources are developed together and the benefits are distributed for education and social welfare...
...Public opinion likewise is no slave to mere reason...
...Anthony C. West's River's End (McDowell, Obolensky...
...This assistance was equally available to all and paid for out of profits...
...Most of it has consisted of emotional polemic, sometimes well-meant and sometimes viciously mendacious...
...Today, Israel talks only of being "willing to make a contribution" to the resettlement of the refugees by giving them compensation—if the Arab states will make peace and the United States will lend Israel the necessary money...
...The individualist is all but gone in America...
...The prophet has always been an ambiguous figure in history...
...William A. Hance of Columbia University has published in African Economic Development what were originally a series of papers prepared for a study group of Africanists of the Council on Foreign Affairs...
...A purely defensive policy against the Communists will not do," he says, "and just beating the Russians once again in the air atomic race is not the answer...
...It might have dragged in Russian "volunteers" with a danger of changing a local into a world war...
...In wartime, our need to conform is increased a thousandfold, and it is incredible to find men with convictions so certain and courage so great that they will stand up against an outraged society to say "I will not kill...
...Suez built up Nasser in the whole Arab world...
...It has just been published...
...Dostoevsky, by Nicholas Berdyaev...
...there is a feeling, for example, that we have met Mr...
...The Middle East in Transition, edited by Walter Z. Laqueur...
...He quickly demonstrates that none of these assertions is proved or probable as a universal and that the conclusion drawn is not warranted...
...It is turning inward upon itself...
...We Who Would Not Kill is the story of what happened to a group of such men who went to jail for their beliefs during World War II...
...Suez Reappraised Suez and After: year of crisis, by Michael Adams...
...Mizra Khan" puts the actual number who are receiving U.N...
...The history of the past twelve years unfortunately does not bear this out, but suggests that positions of strength are more liable to result in stalemate rather than in successfully negotiated agreements...
...524 pp...
...She is equally capable of a New Yorker-ish anecdote like "The Day Stalin Died" or of a novella like "The Eye of God in Paradise...
...Rather the charge is applicable to Wilson too...
...Arthur Gaitskill, brother of the Labor Party leader, worked for twenty years as an employee of the British government with the Sudanese people at Gezira to create a cooperative cotton producing and marketing system of unrivaled success in Africa...
...Was the broken Wilson a pathetic or a tragic figure...
...Walworth adopts the view, which has now become general, that in this matter Wilson must be counted among his own enemies...
...Our action in the Korean War is cited as an example of a multilateral policy based on the principles of the United Nations, whereas our policies regarding Formosa and Indochina represented bilateral actions without international approval...
...This piece, written originally for a Zionist periodical under the pseudonym "Mizra Khan," presents the standard Zionist thesis that the flight was deliberately organized by the Arab leaders despite Zionist efforts to prevent it...
...That history could make a new start, prodded by evangelistic fervor, was most improbable...
...Most of the signs point in the tragic direction of the permanent inequality of the Union of South Africa...
...But that is a long way off...
...Middle East Institute...
...Decline of the Short Story by RICHARD SCHICKEL We have been so bemused of late by the discussion of the death of the novel that we have scarcely noticed the peculiar odor emanating from the short story...
...Longmans, Green...
...Enigmatic Wilson Woodrow Wilson, by Arthur Walworth...
...Given the conditioned reflex of Milwaukee's Democrats to any whisper of labor pressure, their votes against the public interest on these issues follow immediately...
...65 cents) Liberalism, by J. Salwyn Shapiro (Anvil...
...Praeger...
...Areas like Algeria have considerable productive potential, but this will only be realized under certain political conditions...
...Mayer had better stick with his moral generalizations...
...For a few of them, the fight against man's inhumanity was continued and even intensified behind prison walls...
...Reviewed by John W. Caughey The American Communist, Ralph S. Brown remarks in one passage of Loyalty and Security, "is a very wicked animal...
...Since World War II the United States has taken a strong interest in assisting Ethiopia...
...Today with cotton selling at such a high price, these farmers enjoy a standard of living many times greater than before the establishment of the scheme...
...Rogers of "Pleasure" several times before, in other stories...
...And, though their possession of the vote has so far been only of minor utility, it could potentially be the means of winning them full equality when present tensions have disappeared...
...On this point, a different story is presented by one of the articles in the Laqueur symposium, The Middle East in Transition...
...It is vivid...
...His remark is equally applicable to the short story...
...We would do much better, according to Finletter, if we made multilateralism, the United Nations, and principle the bases of our policy, rather than what he calls "traditional power politics...
...It was faith in the People that sent him forth in September, 1919, and it was this strenuous appeal to the country that precipitated physical collapse...
...This preoccupation with the very old and the very young is one of the hallmarks of the current short story, and for this reason one is inclined to make the rather harsh judgment that Criswell's stories are but fashionable imitations of other stories by other writers...
...In Wilson we find not a prophet of doom but of salvation and, rarer still, of salvation not through supernatural intervention but through human processes in the here and now...
...I am glad to report that in this biography, Colonel House receives the full credit that he so justly deserves and that was denied to him with such ill-humor by Ray Stannard Baker...
...He knows that, although evidence and logic may lead to one conclusion, the law, based on "legislative findings," may say just the opposite...
...1.25) The Fiction and Criticism of Rather ine Anne Porter, by Harry John Mooney, Jr...
...Do it today...
...Clearly, we need to rethink our psychology of negotiation...
...But since there is such widespread agreement that Communists lack the minimum loyalty to qualify for government employment, including teaching, he concedes that for the personnel in these categories it is proper "to have them state that they are not Communists...
...There in a phrase is the burden of this fat and firmly packed book, which may be thought of as a report on a several-years safari into Darkest America...
...The Korean action may have been taken through the U.N., but every major decision reflected the complexities of the international power struggle...
...Recently at a conference an American expert on the Middle East was asked, "Could anyone be worse than Nasser...
...But most persuasive is the singular stubbornness with which Wilson refused to compromise with the Senate over the League Covenant...
...1.25) The Intimate Journal of Charles Baudelaire, translated by Christopher Isherwood, with an introduction by W. H. Auden (Beacon...
...Ethiopia, while remaining independent of European rule for all but a few years, has not had the necessary economic assistance for development...
...Peasant farmers were allocated farm plots...
...This emphasis, though at the expense of the neutrality and wartime periods, is justified both by the previous state of the literature and by the availability of sources hitherto unused...
...Most of Peretz's book is devoted to an account of the various efforts that have been made to secure the repatriation or resettlement of the refugees, and to the development of the status of the Arab minority in Israel...
...Fortunately, not all the articles in The Middle East in Transition are like the one by "Mizra Khan," or A. V. Sherman's remarkably bad piece on "Nationalism and Communism," in which he praises the stability of the "pro-Western" regimes of Iraq, Lebanon, and Jordan...
...But a reviewer of opposite conviction would be hard put to challenge seriously what Adams says...
...His book, however, is an irrefutable catalog of the excesses committed in the drive against employment of nonconformists, and it is a stockpile of extraordinarily cogent suggestions for remedial action...
...Most of his proposals are to take pressures off the 99.99 per cent of us who are not Communists...
...The Arab case is presented fairly, not eulogistically...
...Neatly and forcibly he demolishes this familiar argument...
...In our time the People have become the great reservoir of authority, and Wilson was loath to believe that public opinion did not furnish an inspired guide to political action...
...4.50...
...At a time when everyone from President Eisenhower down to the man in the street is taking stock of our position in world affairs, studies of this sort are extremely useful...
...But the most remarkable thing about this collection is that its contents appeared, for the most part, in the better little magazines...
...But it must be handled with care...
...The number of relief recipients in June 1957 was 836,777...
...But the psychology behind a powerful armed force is so different from the psychology required to negotiate mutually acceptable agreements that it is doubtful if the two approaches can be pursued successfully at the same time...
...To order a copy of this just-published book use the coupon below...
...Though sharply inconsistent with "regenerative preaching," Wilson throughout his life was an admiring student of Edmund Burke...
...When one is strong, he feels he doesn't have to make concessions, and when he is weak, he is afraid to make them...
...Finletter's suggestions include some which might be expected from a former Air Force Secretary, such as rebuilding America's strategic air power and strengthening NATO, the "Grand Alliance of the West...
...She is content merely to tell a story quite simply, somewhat in the manner of Katherine Mansfield...
...1.75) Understanding History, and Other Essays, by Bertrand Russell (Wisdom Library...
...Reviewed by George W. Shepherd, Jr...
...It may seem theoretically possible to develop a powerful deterrent armed force and then sit down and negotiate in terms of genuine compromise...
...Mayer and the Railroads Dear Sirs: I was happy to note in your August issue that Milton Mayer likes railroads...
...4) is a less pretentious collection than any of the above, but it has a far wider range of themes, settings, and characterizations...
...This does not exculpate Lodge from the charge of personal animosity carried to the point of reckless disregard for the national interest...
...ELTON ATWATER, on leave from the political science department of Pennsylvania State University, is associate director of the Quaker program at the United Nations...
...And though he sees through the unreason in the set of the law and the public mind, Brown accommodates many of his specific recommendations to the temper of our times...
...There are also some pieces which are mere academic verbal gymnastics, signifying nothing, and a few which are primarily propagandistic...
...Reviewed by Elton Atwater T^his is a trenchant, stimulating ap-praisal of American foreign policy since World War II by a man who was Secretary of the Air Force for nearly three years under President Truman...
...While Finletter is basically sound in preferring a multilateral approach to a go-it-alone policy, it is doubtful if one should imply that major U.N...
...180 pp...
...Malamud writes mainly of lumpen bourgeois Jews and the atmosphere seems to ring true...
...The Louis S. Weiss Fund and Yale University put up money for guides and burden-bearers—half a dozen research assistants in New Haven and several others in the provinces—Los Angeles and Madison, to be precise...
...It is possible, though one hates to say it, that life—and the writer's vision of it—is just too complex to be communicated successfully in the short form...
...These are far reaching...
...This is just as true in the multi-racial sections of British Africa, where governments cannot continue peaceful progress for long without recognizing African rights...
...Recital of what happened is secondary, and the emphasis goes instead to chapter-by-chapter comment and to a conclusion that passes judgment and recommends action...
...With British government aid, a series of dams and irrigation systems were constructed on a section of the lower Nile, ultimately irrigating one million acres for long staple cotton...
...University of Pittsburgh Press...
...To anyone even cursorily informed in U.S...
...1.25) Eugene O'Neill, The Man and His Plays, by Barrett H. Clark (Dover...
...1.25) Love in the Western World, by Denis de Rougemont (Anchor...
...Adams has been the well-qualified correspondent of the Manchester Guardian...
...At Mobile, even before the stimulus of world war, Wilson said of the Nineteenth Century that it had brought mankind a long way on the "tedious climb that leads to the final uplands . . . We have breasted a considerable part of that climb and shall presently—it may be in a generation or two—come out upon those great heights where there shines unobstructed the light of the justice of God...
...Second, Adams' account shows how unsatisfactory has been the working of the Eisenhower doctrine...
...Of the remaining 30 articles (including two reprinted from Soviet sources), several are useful contributions to an understanding of the area, although some of them suffer from the fact that their authors seem to regard the inhabitants of the Middle East only as instruments to be manipulated in the interest of one or another outside group...
...Stanford University Press...
...It is an inside story, for the reporter was there...
...On this fundamental Brown seems to me to err disastrously...
...GEORGE W. SHEPHERD, JR...
...It, like all the other articles I've seen about the Fair, dealt only with the Russian and American exhibits...
...Under the circumstances, the widespread lack of information on the area could have tragic consequences...
...ripHESE two books direct our atten-tion to what can be called "Our Major Task in Africa"—that of helping the Africans to construct economic and social systems capable of sustaining the essentials of dignified human existence...
...For the last year, the Histadruth trade union organization has admitted non-Jews, though still not on a basis of complete equality...
...It gives the emotional setting of certain events in the time they occurred but it does not give an orderly, rounded, historical survey of them...
...as a force for peace...
...decisions are not taken in an atmosphere of power politics...
...Peck was one of the five crew members of The Golden Rule who tried to sail into the atomic testing waters at the risk of their lives, to dramatize their protest against war and use of mass murder weapons...
...In his judgment, nothing less will suffice than a frontal attack on the problem of war itself...
...No Western policies for Asia will succeed, he argues, unless they are agreed to by the Asians, and, in too many cases, the United States has acted on an independent, go-it-alone basis in this part of the world...
...307 pp...
...very little has been factual...
...He works in description and narrative, often very deftly, but these passages are summary and allusive and take for granted that the reader will recall much more about the episodes and the surrounding circumstances...
...railroad history and facts, Mayer's writing is so full of the above that his humor and smart aleck method of stating things make the article of a type which a reasonably informed reader of The Progressive must surely dislike...
...208 pp...
...Peretz points out that mass flight from hostile armies was the normal reaction of civilians in the Middle East...
...It is a fact that in refusing to compromise Wilson rejected the advice of everyone...
...He was serving a sentence in the Honolulu City Jail...
...John R. Meyer Wisconsin State Assemblyman 18th District, Milwaukee County Disappointed Dear Sirs: Your article about the World Fair in Brussels, in the July Progressive, disappointed me greatly...
...because it will surely come, it will not tarry...
...Using Gandhi-like methods of passive resistance, they carried on a constant campaign in defense of their principles...
...Egypt, one of the most overpopulated areas in the world, could hardly be expected to welcome additional claimants for its already inadequate resources...
...One of Africa's few steel industries is developing, and already Rhodesians boast that they are turning out an automobile 4 per cent locally manufactured...
...U. S. companies are particularly interested in what is considered the largest copper reserve in the world...
...In short, they are emotional cliches...
...But there is a sentimentality to these tales, as well as a condescending cuteness which mars them seriously...
...A position of strength, whether it be held by us or by our rivals, constitutes too great an incentive to insist on 100 per cent of one's objectives, rather than settling for meaningful compromises acceptable to both sides...
...He emerges as almost unique even in this group of unusual men, for most conscientious objectors are sparked by either religious or political zeal...
...One need not be surprised that few Haifa Arabs heeded the doubtless sincere pleas of the local Zionist leaders that they remain...
...What remains are hidden deposits and perilous ventures into the depths where, perchance, the most precious crystals grow...
...By itself that may sound innocent enough, yet that was precisely what gained fame as the $64 question, and even partial recall should remind that it was the key that unlocked the Pandora's box of suspicion, innuendo, and persecution under the banner of insuring loyalty...
...Most of us are terrorized by "what people will think...
...is a member of the editorial board of Africa Today and formerly served as director of the American Committee on Africa...
...Given the destructiveness of the latest nuclear weapons, we have reached a point where warfare has become intolerable and where no policy can be adequate unless it deals effectively with this scourge...
...Charles Criswell's Nobody Knows What the Stork Will Bring (McDowell, Obolensky...
...95 cents) Anns and Men, A Study of American Military History, by Walter Millis (Mentor...
...EDWARD H. BUEHRIG, a professor of government at Indiana University, wrote "Woodrow Wilson and the Balance of Power...
...As evidence, let me introduce four recent collections of short stories, all of which are by talented younger writers and all of which, in one way or another, illustrate the decline of the short story...
...Except for their settings—so determinedly, depressingly "real"—they might have been published in one of the women's magazines, so sentimental, so treacle-laden are they...
...Our procedures in the latter cases cost us much of the good which had come from our multilateral action in Korea...
...The Central African Federation, consisting of Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland, is shown by Hance to be one of the fastest developing regions of Africa...
...The Gezira scheme is the classic example in Africa of what can be accomplished through the application of capital and social planning to an arid and backward region that nevertheless possesses ample irrigation potentialities...
...An Unholy Mess' Loyalty and Security: employment tests in the united states, by Ralph S. Brown, Jr...
...Unfortunately, as Hance demonstrates, attempts to emulate this scheme in other parts of Africa, such as the Niger river in French West Africa, have not been as successful because of different environmental conditions and tribal habits...
...While sketchy and somewhat dated, Gebran Majdalany's article on Arab socialism is a useful introduction to an important force about which very little is know here...
...Jim Peck has been refusing to cooperate with the warmakers and the war planners for a long time . . . We Who Would Not Kill is his story...
...They are subject to arbitrary removal from their homes, and discriminatory laws and administrative acts have deprived many of them of their property for the benefit of Israeli organizations and even, in some instances reported by Peretz, of individual Israeli officials...
...L. O. Raasch North Bend, Wash...
...She is equally at home with stories of a girlhood in South Africa and with stories of life among the London intellectuals...
...Although he notes these inequities, Hance does not attempt to deal with the full implications of the rapidly growing racial crisis in the Federation, where African demands for greater political, economic, and social equality have intensified and European resistance appears to have hardened...
...Peretz concludes that only time and the evolution of social institutions can produce a way out of this dilemma...
...Factual discussion is not his forte...
...There are also elements of heavy-handed fantasy which seem to indicate that Malamud is impatient with the restrictions of his medium but doesn't quite know what to do about it...
...At one level he is investigator, reporter, analyzer, and logician...
...While rebuilding this force, he suggests that we indicate clearly that we are doing so not just to deter war but to negotiate peace...
...JOHN W. CAUGHEY teaches history at the University of California in tos Angeles and is the author of the recent book, "In Clear and Present Danger...
...Seeking to move events by intensity of emotional appeal, prophecy has seldom escaped frustration...
...Peretz gives the U.N.'s figures—933,556 in June 1957—and mentions that the Israeli government estimates the number at between 705,000 and 725,000...
...Your copy of Jim Peck's We Who Would Not Kill will go out to you by return mail...
...The victim may buy the book, but he will almost certainly not read it...
...1.25) The Declaration of Independence, by Carl L. Becker (Vintage...
...Something better must be sought for the good of man, and it must involve more than improved economic and social standards, important as these may be...
...It certainly would have made the whole Middle East one great Algeria as against the West...
...Yet it seems to be based on the very questionable assumption that mutually advantageous agreements can be negotiated from positions of strength...
...and the prophet has variously been regarded as a noble or a pathetic figure, depending on one's own temperament and adopted viewpoint...
...Jim Peck leans not upon religion nor political cause...
...The truth is that, while there is still a bit of life left in the novel, the short story has slipped away from us and gone to whatever place dead literary forms go...
...Present in Wilson's extraordinary personality were pride and intolerance...
...Not a single magazine in America consistently publishes good short fiction anymore, and most of them— big as well as little—have trapped the story in the toils of formula...
...Notwithstanding all this help and Brown's own assiduous work, the subject proved larger than he could exhaust and more diffuse than could be reported in detail even in a book as stout as this one...
...In our national ardor to shield ourselves from his concealed—and much overrated—influence, we have made an unholy mess...
...receives from an evening spent with Doris Lessing, it does not give one much hope for the resuscitation of the short story...
...civil defense) should be in second priority...
...Reviewed by Norman Thomas Of necessity every worthwhile book about the Middle East and its problems must be regarded as controversial and so must a review of it...
...Mayer's Usual Style Dear Sirs: "The Iron Horse Dies" by Milton Mayer in your August issue was in Mayer's usual style...
...There is a familiar ring to a number of her stories...
...By cultural twitch," McCormack writes, "I mean the sudden conviction, apt to overwhelm the literary man as he stands before the shelf of new reprints at his bookseller's, that he really must read Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (Anchor...
...But so far, time has only made things worse...
...Gabriel Baer's article on Egyptian land reform, Waled Khalidi's study of "Political Trends in the Fertile Crescent," and P. M. Holt's article on the Sudan, are all extremely valuable contributions...
...1.25) America's Coming of Age, Three Essays on America, by Van Wyck Brooks (Anchor...
...and Mrs...
...1.25) Franklin D. Roosevelt, Selected Speeches, Messages, Press Conferences, and Letters, edited by Basil Rauch (Rinehart...
...3.50...
...He was there not as a mere observer, but at dead center of every dramatic episode...
...1.35) Under Milk Wood, A Play For Voices, by Dylan Thomas (New Directions...
...The author feels that American foreign policy has been overly defensive since World War II in its reaction to the constant challenges and pressures from the Communist world...
...1.95) Is Peace Possible?, by Kathleen Lonsdale (Penguin...
...The primary value of both these books is that they examine the complexities of this problem and for the first time bring together material hitherto widely scattered and inadequate...
...I'd like to hear more about what Belgium, India, and Mexico are offering to visitors in Brussels...
...indeed, the only Arab states with unused agricultural potential are Syria and Iraq...
...These stories, good, conventional, unpretentious though they are, really represent nothing very exciting...
...We believe its message is so timely and its content so fascinating, that we are offering copies to readers of The Progressive at $3.00...
...The lofty hope of the prophet turned as ashes in the mouth...
...Concede the propriety of this question and only hairsplitting stands in the way of test oaths, probes into associations and beliefs, and other searches for clues that might identify the "Communist at heart...
Vol. 22 • September 1958 • No. 9
