VIENNA: THE CITY OF THE SUN
Axelrad, Jacob
VIENNA: THE CITY OF THE SUN Beauty Brought Into Everyday Life of The Worker In C ity Once Near Ruin And Decay By Jacob Axelrad NOT of Campanella's City would I write. Not of some...
...Perhaps some day...
...An old lady opened and I explained that I had come from America, that I was interested in the Socialist experiment, that I should like to see her apartment...
...The sun had been brought to the people...
...Tuberculosis claimed an appalling number of victims...
...Of the 1,500 election districts in Philadelphia the senatorial vote was correctly counted by the elecUon officers in but 181 districts...
...it ai their own...
...Beautiful indeed was this Pearl of the Danube, alive with beauty and the gaiety of an old world Empire, its landed nobility and its tinsel array of popUnjay officials and their moneyed henchmen...
...And advisedly, for here in Vienna, poverty stricken, a province within a province, struggling against overwhelming odds and insuperable difficulties.—here in Vienna is being reared a City rithta the city...
...The total for the whole city was more than 2,000 ballots cast by or for persons who had not registered...
...The tenants us* it—and they us...
...137 names appearing on the list of voters were not checked as having voted...
...Registration books are filled out In duplicate for each election district...
...For twenty years election officer in Philadelphia have been required by law to examine the registration boolts before allowing any person to vote, and knowingly to accept the vote of a person not registered is an offense punishable by fine not exceeding $1,000, or imprisonment not exceeding five years or both...
...In one division twelve names were found in the voters' list in alphabetical order, but only three of the ballots In the box bore physical evidence of having been stuffed...
...The Winter Palace and Schonbrunn are remainders of the regal splendor that was;—the worker's homes stand as beacons to the splendor that shall be...
...I wish my pen was adequate to a description or the Garden suburb "Freihof...
...In the meanwhile shall we at* **• heed of the word of Voltare...
...Tc her they seemed fabulous...
...One hundred and fifty of the Ms names were arranged in these family groups...
...And then ifelS and the work...
...I saw for myself...
...that blast for liberty of thoughl and press...
...I thought that doubtless I should never again see her...
...And the figure of the happy child surmounting it...
...1858, submitted to the Senate by Mr...
...with Its enrt of Ice and snow, below me the lesssT*!pine peaks...
...of her old hopes to go there— the land of riches...
...These and much besides...
...Modlel, Assistant Director of the Economic Bureau of Vienna, accompanied me as guide...
...The amount paid to owners was on the basis of the highly depredated currency and amounted to virtual expropriation...
...And this Is what they did...
...But ever shall I retain the lovely memory of the visit . And too, I thought of what has been done here and what could be done elsewhere for the children of men—were there only the will to do...
...two miles up...
...Capri with its blue watsri ta lapis, and Sorrento rising sheer Ma the bay...
...A most pleasant City with its magnificent parks, its fine statuary...
...etsdarinj When ostentation and pretense shall P the way of Pompey and the PaWtts when the civilization of Mammon SBJH go the way of Babylon and Sodom...
...They did...
...By the recount...
...No park anywhere In our city with very few notable exceptions, la capable of giving the sweat pleasure of restrain ess and "gemutllchkelt" found here...
...All sat* to the men and women every wlstfe,B* In all times who have made V*** Vienna...
...Of this and this alone I tell my ta» and will ever tell it...
...And on some of the land so purchased was built the New City...
...Vare said: Those haloing any experience in the conduct of elections in Philadelphia know that in some piling places the voters come in groups of varying sizes, and when they come in groups, their names are not written in the lists of voters, nor are they always checked on the registration book...
...haughty in its aloof grand:*: Junsfrau...
...Without the help of Hecksher or Rockefeller...
...A qualified voter in Pennsylvania must, within two years of the election, have paid a state or county tax...
...Its parks and its statuary remain...
...I came, I saw.—I was conquered...
...Nor would the landlords...
...All honor to them and to the P**** who broke the soil and sowed it .* honor to them and to ail who are ssT" turing the tender and groping plant <•* lovingly helping it to grow...
...and far single persons flats have been provided containing bedroom, -parlor and toilet...
...Arc de Triomphe...
...Ml had no water closets on the premises...
...At his request, Dr...
...Full Instructions for the return of unused ballots arc printed in handbill typ« on the** envelopesSeveral types of fraudulent practices often occurred in one and the same district...
...One need only think back a little to our own tenements on the East Side and elsewhere to realize that until comparatively recent years none of these boasted either bath or toilet, unless the exceedingly common one In the back yard deserves the name...
...when registrars forge signatures of young children and their deceased ancestors...
...Many, though marked, had never been folded and could not possibly have gone through the slot in the ballot box...
...Let me say, however, that when one considers the dearth of baths throughout Europe even today, particularly In worker's quarters, and the absence of running water even in many hotel rooms, the supply of these necessities to the workers of Vienna seems no little thing...
...Beauty Brought to Life I think of the seers and the propift' and the poets of the world...
...Vare...
...Ah- and sunlight a rare luxury...
...Mr...
...Also I have seen the majesty of H...
...I would take as my theme the first and only City in all the World where the Socialists have absolute control, and give a picture, slight and imperfect though it may be...
...sixty-seven received ballots but were not recorded as having voted...
...He refused, however, to certify that Mr...
...In each of 36 districts five or more ballots had a cross for Wilson stricken out and another cross inserted for Vare...
...In 614 divisions, nevertheless, no tallies were entered In support of the total vote returned for senatorial candidates...
...Two hundred ballots were therefore unaccounted for...
...And they began...
...James A. Reed, chairman of the committee, in February, 1929...
...Three rooms, each flooded with "purest rays serene...
...Jmg the sun has been brought into the sea and the lives of those who toil stack too...
...From the dungeons they once had to this flat was Indeed a far cry...
...of what I shall choose to call the City of the Sun...
...At.some time during the day when there is no one desiring to vote, the inspectors and the clerks make comparison of the entries in their books and then the books are made to correspond to each other...
...And what a haven after the toll of the day...
...And somebody (In Vienna as in Florida or New York) wants all the traffic will bear...
...In addition to alterations, erasures, and alphabetical groupings, one other instance of fraudulent listing may be cited...
...First of all—land was necessary, and land as everybody knows belongs to somebody...
...700 ballots were issued to the election officers, of which CCS v.-ere found in the boxes and 104 returned as unuset1...
...I do not at all exaggerate when I say that they were In this one respect, at any rate, entirely happy...
...Sstjn But Vienna has done what it sag* and is steadily doing more...
...Before 1»3S (when a Federal Law permitting the requisitioning of houses was repealed) and between 1919 and 1925 the Municipality took over nearly 45.000 dwellings...
...There are many buildings—the larger units containing play rooms for the children, courtyards and gardens...
...Most of them have shower and tub baths...
...Futile dream...
...Air and sunshine, pure and wholesome...
...VejfT not easy to get...
...I have aetr...
...This statue is the work of Bask, whose fine bust of Victor Adler sarafe nearby the Parliament...
...The old Vienna Is no more...
...After an examination of the records of twenty election divisions selected at random from twenty different wards, the senate committee reported that "the making of these records was attended throughout by the grossest carelessness, that no real attempt was made to comply with the strict provisions of the law with regard to them, and that no reliable record exists of the persons who voted at this election...
...In Philadelphia the usual method of compliance is the payment of a poll tax...
...At least, such Is their resolve and their hope and to that end are bent all the efforts of conservatives In and out of Vienna...
...I fear I have already overstepped the bounds of my span sal must hasten to a conclusion...
...In the fourteenth ward, ninth division, 15 signatures had been forged by the registrars at the time of registration, and one additional signature had been falsified by some other person...
...In one ward 110 such votes were cast and the names written in the list of voters...
...If he so desired, continue in ownership, but this proved an empty privilege indeed, since by virtue of the Rent Restriction Act, he could charge a rental only as fixed by the Municipality, and this was usually lf not always fixed at a rate that left the landlord no profit whatever...
...The wondrous Vernilles and the Etolle of Parts from stop th...
...Vare lost 20 votes and Wilson gained 18...
...Five thousand two hundred and fifty-four such cases were found, many of them incomplete and disclosing frequent substitution of entirely different names or of persons of different sex...
...164 names were checked in the ballot check list but were not to be found on the list of voters...
...the Gardens of the Villa D Est* wl'JHU hundred fountains...
...old blessings of the clear air and healing, vivifying sunshine...
...Secretary of the Socialist Delegation in Parliament for the splendid opportunity afforded me to see and Judge the work done by the Socialists of Vienna in the housing of the workers...
...A courteous invitation to dinner, a faint refusal, and I was off...
...Its delectable coffee houses, its art and its music, its fine houses and Its—slums...
...In these districts there exists no evidence that the votes were ever counted as required by law...
...Over all, the peaceful hush of a summer evening in the country...
...The law requires that as each voter receives his ballot a check be placed opposite his name in the column specified for the purpose In the bal.teWheck list...
...How many and many a town 'Where wealth accumulates atid men decay.'' could be turned into garden spots for the happier, fuller lives of all...
...and of It* simple slabs that mark the graves of Keats and Shelly, and Shakespeare...
...The committee estimated the total number of names fraudulently entered by registrars at 14,000, and by others at about 4,000...
...Truly a Phoenix riser out of the ashes of its own destruction...
...we spoke of America, many thousand...
...And perhaps the cry for justice that went up was not altogether sincere, since most of the mortgages on these houses had been lifted also In depreciated currency...
...Not of the dwelling place of a race on Olympus, but rather of such a modern City as Vienna is despite the many unlovely features not yet affected by the enlightened efforts of its Socialist majority...
...The election laws allow a voter who desires assistance to call upon a regularly qualified voter of the district to aid him in the preparation of his ballot...
...The Republican party machinery is and has been for years In the hands of the "regulars...
...The Bebel House, named after the Socialist pioneer...
...In addition, nine ballots bore physical evidence of having been stuffed and six persons were voted although they had not registered...
...I think of Poet's corner In Westminster Abbey srbge I stood at the Tombs of Genius...
...And s» * meanwhile...
...The senate committee examined the stubs of all receipts qualifying electors for voting inV any of Philadelphia's 1.500 election dls-~ trlcts In 1928...
...thousands of names were struck off the registration lists of 1926 because of fraud...
...II faat** tiver notre jar din...
...a city that should at least cambine the modern comforts of science with the old...
...In many cases, however, the election officers either found it impossibel or considered it unnecessary to write sufficient extra names in the list of voters to conceal all of the stuffed ballots...
...In 1325 this poll tax was 50 cents...
...The committees' opinion was that in about one division out of five the list of voters contained "persuasive evidence of having been concocted to conceal the use of stuffed ballots.'' An examination of the ballots in the boxes revealed numbers of ballots In such condition that they could not possibly have been inserted legally...
...This uncommonly stupendous task ' was accomplished by the pauperized ' municipality...
...An examination of all registrations made by mark showed 9.574 not supported by affidavit, and therefore Illegal and possibly fraudulent...
...Wages are miserably low...
...The law requires that votes be recorded on the tally sheets as they are counted, and each sheet contain i clearly printed Instructions for Its use...
...No condemnation proceedings with its legal experts, no involved and expensive circumlocutions, strictly legal and also strictly asinine...
...By the recount Vare lost 6,096 votes in 905 divisions and gained 894 in 258 divisions, a net loss of 5,202 votes, his opponent, Mr...
...Registration for the election of November was so late, however, that the registers could not be examined before October 23, after which no names could legally be challenged...
...Plnchot did not believe that the election returns correctly represented the will of the sovereign voters of Pennsylvania...
...As I passed through the courtyard, by the lovely fountain, I looked back for a last glimpse, and there was the old lady at her window, waving me a last good-by...
...Many have steam laundries, with drying apparatus and electrically driven mangles...
...In many of the districts the stub books carried notations on the back showing how many of the receipts had actually been paid for, and many of the stubs bore marks of various sorts or the names or initials of political workers...
...In more than half of Philadelphia's 1,500 election districts the election officers are therefore subject to maximum penalties of $1,000 and five years each...
...Old Houses Insufficient The requisitioning of these dwellings did not at all relieve the housing shortage rendered acute by war conditions here as elsewhere...
...1 would I could do justice to the imposing | "Llndenhof" with its vast inner court treed and shrubbed, with the gorgeou: fountain playing its cool waters...
...For In Vienna virtual expropriation has taken place...
...Its coffee houses are still there...
...and as I waved back to her...
...The slums are going...
...For this Is Vienna—one of the poorest Cities of Europe, hedged around by Conservative Austria which would sabotage its work if possible, hedged around too with animosity, hatred and the watchfulness of a beast at bay...
...Nevertheless these flats must be palatial compared to those of the old type building They vary from those containing twt [ large and one small rooms, parlor, kitcher j and toilet, to the smaller flats for couples...
...And not by way „ charity—but entirely as their rigaw their inherent and inalienable right The scope of this article does not...
...The results of the Investigation are available in Senate Report No...
...Perhaps some day, we *** our children may see a scheme of Sshep nearer to the heart's desire...
...profitable...
...A Socialist atom In a compound that is Conservative and hostile...
...Repeating Another method of concealing the deposit of fraudulent ballots was revealed by the presence of 635 names each written a second or third time in the list of voters...
...Vare had been "duly chosen...
...But these sad Idsssa problems cannot be dealt with adtqassst by the municipality...
...Or j the nursery of the "Quarinplatz...
...Wilson, gained 5.918 in 958 divisions and lost 418 in 148 divisions, a net gain of 5,500 votes...
...Already the setting sun, filtering through fight fleecy clouds, painted the heavens in pink, and scarlet and orchid...
...I think of their dreams lmperlim** And the minute realisation of tat* dreams...
...Philadelphia elections ara...
...moonlight on the Bay of Naples...
...a City that is solely of and for the workers: a City that is gradually spreading itself further and further into the hitherto sunless and sordid ghettos and slums of Vienna, replacing the old...
...From the windows I looked out on the Park across the way...
...It was accomplished through the indefatigable will of the Socialists cf Vienna...
...Baths ¦are virtually non-existent...
...But the Sunnyside development Is not beautiful and the Amalgamated structures are expensive (even relatively speaking...
...At the entrance to this bufitfing stands a most beautiful statut of 1st All Mother folding o her breast her coll...
...The committee's examination of the ballots therefore led to the detection of only those which had been carelessly stuffed...
...dispossessed even as the workers themselves, has been brought back into the City, into the lives of the men and woman who must work and live there...
...but a modern ¦*¦• acle of the Indomitable will sua ike splendid vision of the Socialist buH-ri of Vienna...
...is not Campanella's...
...How unthinkable that we must send our children to the unspeakable streets with their autos when in Vienna they can play In the gardens and parks at their doorstep...
...In various sections, some quite close to the center of the city, others in outlying districts, have been constructed Gemeinde houses, that for beauty, cleanliness and utility can nowhere be matched in Europe, even at much greater cost, or even in America...
...Despite oDstructlonist tactics in Washington and in Pennsylvania, the records of the November election were finally obtained by the committee...
...She spoke slowly, reminiscently...
...Whether or not these persons cast their own first ballots cannot be ascertained, but it is certain that the election officers were implicated in the casting of all seconds...
...A Garden Home For instance...
...KM though my memory lingers tent tad long on these yet it always atrcss back to the City ttf the Sob...
...not yet will the nation cope with that Not yet is there the internation UanVgS solve them...
...In addition to these two records the law requires that a list of voters be made, wherein the election officer...
...Of these I think and of their work, the heritage of all men In all time to come...
...But this Is here and now...
...Veciv;us trailing its perpetual plume el smoke...
...Legal provisions for bipartisan election boards do not operate, and minority representation is very unusual...
...But the old glamor is gone...
...Election Practices In Philadelphia Philadelphia is controlled politically by the Republican party...
...Perhaps not more so than in many another hopeful quarter of the Olobe, but nevertheless so far a dream that neither I nor anybody else at all interested In dreams of this particular nature, ever gave serious thought to the possibility of Its ever corning true...
...It is a notorious custom in Philadelphia for political workers to force voters who have no disability whatever to accept "assistance.'' with the result that many ballots are marked by the same person and the secrecy of the ballots becomes mockery...
...and to the extent possible to th purse and power of Vienna, the works* enjoy a modicum of decency nowaet else provided...
...Many groups of ballots bore evidence of haiing been marked by the same person...
...almost entirely in the hands of the "regular" Republican organization...
...And there shall endure also the wen they are doing...
...Three hundred and ninety-two votes were cast for Vare, and only 3 for Wilson...
...Only (2 out of every thousand had a "parlor"^-* room which could be- used for leisure hours...
...symbolical of Vienna the Motto and her watchful care df its future zens...
...Legal requirements for the printing, numbering and issuing of ballots are so commonly violated by the Philadelphia county commissioners that fifty divisions accounted for a total of 992 more ballots than the records show them to have received...
...Here before me was the exemplification of what can be done if but the Will to do is present...
...If Ruskln's definition of Art is valid then this structure (like the others) combines beauty with utility, and comes within the category...
...great problem for a Socialist administration—envisioning the good life for the workers without whom there can be no life, good or otherwise—was the building of new houses, new homes, a new city within the old...
...No park on the East Side compares with it at ail...
...BuUt like a quadrangle, its inner court Is a tremendous garden...
...Conceivably this might have worked a hardship in many Instances, since one whose profession Is the highly honored one of rent collecting...
...In 395 divisions the number of ballots in the boxes exceeded the number of names in the lists of voters, and in 699 divisions there were more ballots in the boxes than names checked on the voting check list...
...Is completely lcci when there are no rents to collect...
...In the election of November, 1926, only 25 per cent of the persons who signed the records as judges and inspectors were the duly elected officers...
...Sharf...
...The receiver of taxes in Philadelphia testified that deliberate violation of this act was customary in Philadelphia...
...The immensity of the est v. midnight, canopied by the Milky Wtj and a scarlet glow on the horirzon fres the Northern Lights...
...And so, quite properly, entirely legally, and within the strict tetter of the bond, Vienna became the owner of large holdings, ready for the next step—building...
...Others had been folded in such a way that every dimension was greater than the width of the slot...
...I shall not bother to give it in schillings and groschen,—but in our money it was somewhat under two dollars a month Two dollars a month...
...These ballots were put into the box when the lid was open, either before the polls were opened or after they were closed...
...Figures are tiresome—but, like some people, necessary to endure...
...A shadow seemed to fall across her face...
...I think of my pilgrimage ts the tomb of Galileo, and the scene ef the martyrdom of Savonarola, when, tried to the stake, his soul was lighted t» Immortality by flaming fagots...
...being convinced "that his nomination was partly bought and partly stolen, and that frauds committed in his Interest have tainted both the primary and the general election...
...was a dream...
...In one district ten sample ballots, printed on pink paper, had been marked, inserted into the ballot box and counted for Vare...
...Something lovely sad alluring and enduring...
...I told her also of its workers and their homes and their rental...
...Are we squal m »»T* Building...
...Much has been done—and much mere remains to do...
...These officers evidently held that it was more reasonable to cover a stuffed ballot by entering a second time the name of a duly registered voter, with or without his consent, than to enter for the first time the name of a person who had not registered...
...For years the "regulars" have been led by the Vare family, nearly always to victory, the chief reward for success being the ninety-miUlon-dollar city budget...
...of miles away...
...A few typical instances may be cited...
...The Sun...
...of course, these dwellings were, for the most part, of the eld type,—unsanitary, dirty, sunless...
...Such alterations cannot be explained by the necessity of correcting clerical errors...
...Some signatures In addition were falsified by persons othes than the registrars...
...Its treats* at the disposal of all...
...When tax receipts are Issued to persons who do not pay taxes...
...In 1926 for the first time the local political leader, who Inherited the organization from his brother, aspired to a seat in the United States Senate...
...For while Vienna commands an absolute majority for Socialism...
...Vare's own ward the list of voters contained 48 names in alphabetical array at the end of the list, three repeaters, and four persons not registered...
...In dong so there is no fraud, no desire or Intention to deceive the public or to corrupt the election...
...To the - uninitiated all this may not seem very remarkable...
...ture...
...Vain hope...
...Idle fancy...
...I deny it—and I point to Vienna...
...when persons are voted who are not registered and registered voters have their ballots altered or destroyed: when votes are counted where there are no ballots and when ballots are cast by election officers for entire sections of the telephone directory, then it is not surprising that the books cannot be "made to correspond to each other...
...In a brief submitted to the senate committee, counsel for Mr...
...The senate committee held it possible that nine voters might honestly appear in strict alphabetical order, but that ten or more so recorded constituted evidence of deliberate fraud...
...Of this and this aha...
...I uvai of the Pantheon where lie Rosseau and Voltaire and Jaures...
...It was made possible by the suffrage cf the people of Vienna...
...The old obtrusve officialdom is gone...
...In eight divisions ballots which should have been in the boxes were found returned as unused, and in 162 divisions some or all of the stubs and unused ballots were found in the boxes instead of in the return envelopes provided for the purpose...
...In a Sea of Conservatism I am Indebted to Dr...
...In the eighteenth division of Mr...
...Tee City within a City...
...At the election one of these books Is called the ballot check list and the other the voting check list...
...Not of some Utopia pictured in the fertile imagination of a writer impassioned with the age old imagination fit for the sons of men...
...The City IBs...
...b» the era of Mars shall go the way of CSB and Kaiser to perdition and ototrriesyet shall remain the sweet music of *• poets, the majesty of illimitable n»««* and the Sun that was brought ts **» workers of Vienna...
...These alterations could have been made only after the boxes were opened by the election officials...
...It is customary, however, in many divisions, for the used and unused ballots to be mixed by the election officers...
...backed by the intelligence and the vision for the doing...
...In 144 divisions 18,954 ballots were not accounted for at all...
...One witness testified before the senate committee that fraud was very largely a habit among division leaders in Philadelphia, even when elections were not close, because the political worker "wants to see a fine return, over and against his going to the ward leader or even a higher boss and demanding a better city position...
...Each of these ballots is evidence of either fraud or criminal carelessness...
...In 151 divisions 1,547 signatures were forged by persons who made the entries which registrars alone are allowed to make...
...The only possible conclusion is that at least nine additional ballots were fraudulently inserted, though they could not be detected...
...Intentionally Fraudulent Returns When the court of common pleas canvassed the returns of this election, the officers of the second division of the thirty-sixth ward were found guilty of j Intentionally making a fraudulent re- j turn: the tally sheets were bare of tal- j lies, and Vare had been, credited with j seven too many votes while Wilson's return was five too few...
...Beautiful Indeed was the prospect.—beautiful and enthralling...
...I am familiar with the Sunnyside Buildings—and with the Amalgamated Apartments...
...I wanted their thoughts on what was and what is...
...Padding the Lists Of the various forms of registration fraud, the most common was the padding of the lists by writing in the names of real or fictitious persons whose signatures In the registry books were forged, and for whom later fraudulent ballots were cast...
...I would say with Faust, Ver&cile dock, du but so sckon...
...The election is so clearly a party organization affair that it is customary for other party workers to be substituted for elected judges and inspectors whenever convenient...
...In 38 divisions the lists of voters show groups of ten or more voters who are recorded as having appeared in alphabetical order...
...That would be far from the truth ja, lot of the worker there Is indeed t sjaa one...
...Orass and trees and flcwers at their very doorstep...
...In one division where the voters' list contained a total of only 333 names, no less than 61 families appeared and voted as units...
...Probably many more were stuffed without detection...
...I was particularly anxious to see for myself whether the 'flats" fulfilled the promise of the fine exterior...
...I told her of our East Side, our West Side, of our housing legislation and no housing, In the City of Gold—as much richer than Vienna, as was Croesus than Lazarus...
...bat a**, Is a preferential list—the workers...
...Austria as a whole Is in the control of the ConservaUve, clerical element who would shed no tears of commiseration at the debacle of this great eperlment of the workers...
...To date about 50,000 dwellings have been constructed by the Socialist regime —and more will be built as finances al' low...
...And th...
...Twentyfour straight Republican ballots had been fraudulently cast, seven names had been altered on the list of voters, and six persons were on the list though they had never registered or even been registered...
...And I can point to the hope that is England's—and all mens...
...And I can point to faint beginnings in Reading —in Milwaukee...
...A Senate resolution instructed the special committee investigating expenditures in senatorial primary and general elections to inquire into .the election of Mr...
...The Venus de Mnm and the Warwick Vase The San Um and the delicately carven spire ef Stephanskirche The Sistlne chapsl sal the work of the masters...
...Nevertheless votes of persons not registered were accepted by election officers in every one of Philadelphia's 48 wards...
...The three records do exist, but they show violent discrepancies...
...It is rather an honest attempt to comply with the law and to comnlete the records of that division so that the work of that particular election board may be scrutinized and found to be correct...
...When he casts his vote the same record is made in the voting check list...
...shall Inscribe the name of each voter as he aDDears and casts his ballot...
...A favorite method of padding the registration books was that of signing for "illiterates...
...nahmstelle...
...Resolved above all that *» theories of Socialism shall become *» facts of life...
...The tax receipt cannot be legally Issued except to the person against whom the tax was assessed or upon his written order, and any person who votes on a receipt Illegally Issued is subject to fine and imprisonment...
...In the first ward, thirteenth division...
...Mod* 2 they are International proedtsss...
...She Invited me in and introduced me to her two daughters living there with her...
...A $2 a Month Apartment I climbed up the stairs of one wing of this building to an upper floor...
...Because of the discrepancies in the records of these twenty divisions the senate committee caused to be examined the voting check lists and the lists of voters for the entire city, in order to determine the extent of voting without registration...
...When last I visited Vienna (before the War) the dream of Socialist contra...
...The lists Included dead people, unnaturalized foreigners, and children...
...In all, the Investigation showed that in 674 divisions, more than a third of the entire city, 21,572 poll tax receipts had been Illegally issued to qualify voters for registration...
...Fabulous also the homes we live in and the worse places hardly dignified by the name...
...The law directs that the lists be current records of the names of voters in order of their appearance to vote...
...For The Us* ?V Generation . * I do not want to leave the ia^raat, that a", is milk and honey ktf3...
...How monstrous that our children must be cooled from the hydrant whereas here the city has built for them such fine swimming pools as the one in Fuschenfeldhof or Amalienbadi It was getting late...
...Rome faintly Ussse) in the distance...
...She told me...
...The Rent R:striction Act (before its repeal in 1935) and the increment value tax (another form of the Single Tax) made the land entirely unremuneratlve for the owners,— and owners cf land as of other thin3s will drop what Is not remunerative—I.e...
...In those days Vienna was the Queen City of the Mighty Hapsburg Empire...
...I have seen beauty in great messurt [ have seen the beauty wrought by ft...
...This building is Indeed a fine thing to look upon...
...cunning hands of man...
...The hope, first...
...that on the Oth* side of the world, in a poor, wretdssl little city, beset with the sins of •» fathers, the new generation is buiaJW Building for the here and now—sad * the future as well Building for "*« builders...
...PHILADELPHIA AT THE POLLS How Vare Was "Duly Elected" To The United States Senate By Maynard C. Krue«ser j TJ7HEN Govenor Pinc'not reported to j the Senate the results of the elec- | Uon of November 2. 1926...
...I that of the secluded spot near Temple Church where lies Oliver Goldsmith, and the hardly accessible Cripplegate where iia the author of Paradise Lost and Areopsgitlca...
...The sunset on the QrrJ Canal like a canvas by Turner...
...The flats might be more pretentious—but many must be provklad for—and the means whereby to accomplish this limited indeed...
...I asked the old lady what rental she paid...
...Small wonder then at their hostility, and at their resolve that lf this thing cannot be scotched here, at least it shall not extend to the rest of Austria...
...And In Europe, especially In the homes of the poor, this condition still prevails...
...Before the senatorial primaries of May, 1926...
...unsanitary, disease breeding and pestilential quarters with the garden spots of modern homes...
...Various taxes are the genii, .and they work long and diligently...
...Alas that was lonr ago...
...In 111 divisions 775 such ballots were found...
...losing her to sight...
...In one division, for example, 36 names were entered in the list of voters in alphabetical order, but so many ballots were stuffed in the box illegally that the number found there still exceeded the number of names on the list...
...Smith or Walker, the Municipality acquired nearly 37 per cent of the area'bf Vienna for building purposes, and obtained it at a fraction of its prewar value...
...mit of any but passing notice of a, fine schools inaugurated by the jJBsV 1st regime, or of the really wandMsj work done for the children and taut mothers in the greatest Institution of gj kind in the world, the Kinderueberta...
...Fortunately however the traffic In Vienna did not bear as hardly as it might have in Florida (before the cyclone and the dog-days of the boomi or In New York...
...Of every thousand flats built before ths war, 953 had no water supply...
...Under this definition of what consUtutes an intentionally fraudulent return, the election officers of 141 divisions are guilty of such offense, for In that many divisions the tally sheets showed no tallies and 12 or more votes were gratuitously added to Vare's majority over Wilson...
...Of these ud other things besides I can say no ann at this time...
...A member of the regular organization could purchase poll tax receipts in groups, but when independent groups tried to do so the receipts were refused...
...I knocked on a door...
...And in this virtual desert there Is just one oasis—Vienna...
...Indeed, as Dr...
...Or "Sandleiten" and 1 its beautiful library in the building...
...These are Bs*3 problems...
...It should be observed that these 775 were only those which bore clear evidence of having been inserted in some other manner than through the slot in tjie box...
...I shall not oempel endurance either with figures or myself except to the extent necessary tc convey some idea of the stupendous structure reared by the Socialists in Vienna—and reared by them out of the ruins of a most ruinous war and no lest disastrous peace...
...The law requires that all unused ballots shall be accounted for and disposed of before the boxes are opened for counting...
...I told her of the land of plenty, o1 its hopes and Illusions, its defeats anc despairs...
...dren...
...he certified I that "on the face of the returns filed Wil- j liam S. Vare appears to have been chos- i en by the qualified electors of Pennsyl- | vania a Senator from said state...
...I I spoke to these people...
...The presumption is that Wilson ballots were destroyed and unused ballots marked by the election officers and substituted for them...
...Vtennt of Wein, Weib und Oesang...
...The owner could...
...but the weeks* pay a merely nominal weekly fan, |k houses may be rented to all...
...And of Vienna where It sdst bullded into the lives of men the staff of those dreams...
...The work of election boards was "scrutinized" by the Reed Committee and was found nm "to v»» ~—*eaajau...
...Let us, each »'* own way, cultivate our own Mayhap, with diligence, with toUM*** with a transcendant hope—we one day see the fruit of our labors- «¦» hap we too, out of our great wealth,* of our boundless energy, shall «*• build the Cttv of the Sun...
...The child for whom the future is building in Vienna...
...To determine whether carelessness might be the proper explanation of the discrepancies, the senate committee had the lists of voters examined for alterations and erasures...
...Yet hemes were urgently needed, and there was little to pay for them...
...To me to: they seem fabulous...
...1 And more...
...Austria, once a great Empire, now but an insignificant territory, was left by the War nothing (as a telegraph official told me) but the mountains and their Infertile rocks...
...Ballots which bore unmistakable evidence of having been marked in piles were clear indications of fraud on the part of the election officers, since a voter is given only one ballot...
...When I think back on the rent strikes in our own city and how our own landlords foamed at the mouth when the comparatively trivial and Innocuous rent laws were passed, I cannot wonder at the bitterness that must animate the breasts af the Viennese species...
...In the twenty divisions examined, eightyfive persons were recorded as having voted without having received ballots...
...In 167 divisions selected at random, the signatures in the registry books were examined by experts for the committee...
Vol. 9 • September 1929 • No. 6
