WAR-FIRES TESTED BERGER'S METTLE
Oneal, James
WAR-FIRES TESTED BERGER'S METTLE Life of Pioneer American Socialist An An Inspiring Story— The Man's, Activities And Views—the Chicago Trial By James Oneal MwrlCTOR L. BERGER died tine afternoon...
...The bearers of the torch uho could not see J he goo...
...I'm sorry...
...He used the following striking Illustration: "Fanaticism is only good to a certain extent...
...When speaking, especially in conventions _ over controversial questions, he was effective with pithy sentences that stung...
...If I am guilty, if my comrades here are gouty, then every member of the Socialist party is guilty...
...It Is declaring annual dividends averaging nearly 470 per cent on original investment...
...0) German capitalism as a competitor could be crushed...
...Socialists hoM that these straggles de not Interest tbe modern working class In any country...
...Tbe words "profit" and "patriotism" are now used as synonyms by oar profiteers...
...The five editorials, two of which accompany this article, together with tbe anti-war declaration of tha St...
...In 1897 Comrade Berger married Meta Schlichting, who shared all his ideals and who has been not only active in the Socialist movement but has been influential in educational circles in the city and state...
...This war, in its inception, was a commercial and industrial war," said the President...
...Mothwurf to a sour apple tree...
...In fact, one of the speakers, himself a big business man, in urging them to be liberal, financially, frankly said: "I don't suppose any of yon intend to go to the front—I don't intend to...
...His father, who was a Saraier, ient mm to the universities of Budapest and Vienna and he became a teacher after working at a number of trades...
...If I am to be awsdehed for having told the truth as I saw It—I ask far no mercy...
...Thus, the Lehigh Portland Cement Company, operating 20 plants in Pennsylvania, New York and other states, has had profits so large that "it has bean able to Increase the original $100 Share to a value of $3,400, plus $3,430 In cumulative 7 per cent preferred stock...
...And s great many of theae are not enthusiastic over it...
...Was worse off than any place to all the South...
...Looking back, I see Those others.—fallen, with their arms outstretched...
...And now he is gone...
...She came from Richmond, my Mother, and she was A gentlewoman...
...I am not to ask my fallow worker whether he is an agnostic ar a Reaaaa Catholic, or a Protestant, ox a Freshytsriaa, er a Jew...
...Tbe North forgot us, Tennessee hated us...
...They were tried in a biased court before a biased judge and jury and in an atmosphere of malice aad hysteria which made the verdict a toregone conclusion...
...And he wav.es to us as he passes, singing: VI...
...Then, for one blessed year, we had our Mother back...
...I sea simply to ask him whether he Is a Socialist...
...Louis in April...
...It wag quite- a safe assumption.« They will keep at a safe distance...
...Dead, pointing to the fmturr* Cement Profits Excessive, Tariff Expert Declares WASHINGTON — (FP) —David J. Lewis, former chairman of the House committee on labor, and later a member of the Tariff P*niTT"-»'"n1 has made a special examination of the cement tariff question, for the Rawleigh Tariff Bureau, established in tbe public interest by a friend of the late Senator LaPoltette...
...And carried tt, only a little way beyond...
...He has keen a delegate to every national convention of the party, has served on nearly every national Executive Committee, and was chairman of the committee when'be passed away...
...Lotos convention were cited against Berger, while National Secretory Adoipn Oermer, 3. Louis Engrtahl, editor of the American Socialist, William P. Kraee aad Irwin St...
...You bin to Washington, Ma'am...
...Oar loyalty an' faith has bin betrayed...
...I was the last of four little children...
...Explosive gases an' such Is mighty dangerous...
...There ware n't no money . . . others here AU had their troubles too...
...Once when the boys Could'not put out a fire the firemen went— The papers hushed it up...
...I'm typical...
...Berger Addresses Ceait Before passing sentence on tbe convicted men, each was permitted to address the court and each acquitted himself after tbe best traditions of the Socialist movement...
...Plantation COS pantos and other big employers-em...
...Santiago Iglestas Jssdsr ef I political ss wen ss the trade unaa I ganisations of the workers la the am has for the past IS years sought sal by the government at Wssliliatas I bring about such an tovasBgsBea, 1 was unable to get action until the kSM political movement which he snaata aad directed had come near to sset) of both houses of tbe legislator...
...Our eana aa* gnmassms sold ss aheap tabor Into slavery by our Chamber o' Commerce...
...The meet indicted man to the United States duriag the World War sleeps In the affection of the many fhotnumds who knew aim aad appreciated his devoted services to the working class aad *Q humanity...
...Others will make unusually large profits during the war...
...And now Victor L. Berger, this man of courage, the torch bearer and advance courier of a nobler civilisation that is to be is tone...
...He was best as a Journalist...
...That's why...
...pendent Republican parties who tagehr hold 9 out cf 30 seats in the Senate s) IS out of 33 seats in the Assembly:* has passed, and Towner has signed, a two measures for which the working esj political alliance insisted that it met The first of these measures it sa S proprtatioB of $350,000 from lliii tttsaji to meet payments due to injured ear men from the Workmen's Cooumaatiti fund, which fund has been empty the past six fears...
...BeUrion and Politics In the national convention of 1908 the question of religion was injected by a delegate, and Berger rose to...
...And if the Socialist Party Is a conspiracy against capitalism, then the Republican and Democratic parties are conspiracies against human progress and human welfare...
...Perot Rico...
...Those who attended the national convention of 1913 will never forget the long discussion over sabotage which had become a fed with some members and had been accepted as some unique new discovery by some organised groups outside the party...
...My poor mother finally lost her reason Trying to make both ends meet on a mountain farm...
...Berger Editorials That Brought Sentence of Twenty Years The fiialii iilsaji are two of me ire erBtorials wnieh Victor I* Bewajar wrsdefor the Milwaukee LasmVr ia Aaspast, 1917, for widen Its wss JsWefcaeJ sad leeched • sentence of twenty years fas pratamt' DIFFERENCE OF OPINION...
...The old man lifts his kindly, puzzled eyes < To those eternal hills which sent their sons To die at Shlloh, Chattanooga, Knoxville, That Negroes might be free...
...Old men, crippled men...
...Tears after She was dead an' buried, we found tbe satin slippers She'd danced in as a bride...
...But the doctor said consumption...
...Jnet why to this so often repeated...
...They are singing the battle song of the textile union, Singing it to the tune of "John Brown's Body...
...For many years Milwaukee has been a Socialist stronghold and it was largely due to Victor L. Berger's personality, energy, and enthusiasm that a substantial delegation of Socialists has served to the State Legislature of years...
...Some of them will make a few financial sacrifices for the time being...
...One thing he never tolerated...
...He went back to Milwaukee and wrote editorials in the Leader expressing his views and avowing bis faith in the Socialist movement as an antl-wsr movement...
...Battleground By MARJORIE DORMAS A Tale of Tennessee i. Purple ham over Lynn Mountain...
...Or, "Were you caught...
...There was no bridge when Karl Marx and Bakunin were fighting to a finish...
...XII...
...He doth pretest too much...
...We sit on the courthouse steps, an old farmer and I. In his veins runs what America boasts as its blue blood...
...They were worse off...
...Lewis finds tha ttbe tariff on cement, instead of being increased, ought to be reduced, since the American manufacturers of cement are making big profits...
...In the debate Berger declared that the states of Illinois...
...Hang Dr...
...Girls, more than a thousand girls...
...Tbe direct action's!* were first cousin to the im possibilists and to a few in the same convention Berger declared...
...Tswaent the demand of the Socialist sad na...
...I alnt complalnin...
...The following are a few paragraphs from tbe address made by Victor L. Berger before sentence was pronounced: A verdict like the one rendered in this court wwaM be impossible in any ether eJvntsed country today with the possible exception of Japan...
...You said you'd like to understand us, Ma'am...
...When I was ton I went to work in a brickyard...
...The Sandusky Cement Company is paying 34.48 per cent annually on original investment...
...Strang as hk convictions were, especially in party controversy, he often yielded to another view when he became convinced that the weight of argument wss sb tbe othtr "side...
...Tbe late war was the most imperialistic war ever known In the history of the world and an imperialistic peace wfll foUew...
...In the same convention a few impessibflists desired to strike out a program of immediate measures...
...Mothwurf to a sour apple tree...
...John Tucker were on trial with the Milwaukee editor...
...The catbird jeers again from the syringe...
...One or two shhamBW Porto Rican laborers went there SBtt yean ago...
...Gentle and patient troth may be chained for a while—hot angry and fearful truth Is sore to rise in Its place...
...The trial began on December t, 1918,' and on September S, 1919, President Wilson made a speech in St...
...Berger cited six reasons why the United States was m fas war Vhtoh may be sumatartosd at festoons CU JSeeause the Alhes were practically at the end of then- rope...
...He became acquainted with Eugene V. Debs duriag the American Railway Union strikes and visited the latter when he was serving a year in Woodstock Jail for "contempt of court...
...It seems that Victor L. Berger himself is speaking: "/ steak Xot for myself but for the age unborn...
...of Kitty, little Kitty, With her red hair aa' pretty ways, An' how she went to Memphis to get work, an' found Money was hard to get except one way . . . An' that way led to ruin...
...taojgSj come into Massachusetts and to 07*1* Induce Massachusetts' employees ti communism" by using tbe ye1ker.an contracts, by means of which eadaajm required to sign away their rights tffp a union as a seashtton ef boMtagSBn...
...Meantime Comrade Berger bad founded the Deny Vorwaerte (1SS3-S) a German daily, then tbe Social Democratic Herald (1(00-11) a weekly, which later became the Milwaukee Leader, an English dailx...
...The latest news la the Milwaukee Leader, of which Comrade sSsajai was editor, was reassuring...
...Every man who voted the Socialist ticket is rnilty...
...Berger was a oanspleuoua figure In organising tbe new party but some Utopians succeeded in attaching to it a fantastic colonisation scheme...
...But me—weU, Ma'am, my granddad was a lawyer...
...The old man's voice quivers and dies on the summer air...
...In the same month the United States entered the war...
...a young movement needs lots of fanaticism to develop the necessary heat, but if you put on too much manure you kill the plant and if you have too much fanaticism you kill tbe party...
...American-owned—refused duriag tha ax years to pay into the fund the muf prescribed by law...
...Here in the hills nobody starved to death...
...V. A catbird jeers from a syringe bush...
...They do not ask each other, "Have yon the lienor to be drafted?** On the contrary, the question they ask is, "Did yon escape...
...I always knew it was a broken heart abe died of...
...The decision was decisive against this small faction and a few years later even the word disappeared from radical discussions Which shows how fatuous and evanescent the views associated with sabotage were...
...He was defeated for reelection last year despite the fact that he received the largest vote ever east for him...
...Gas masks an' fire extinguishers is always Ready to hand at tbe plants...
...He had the faculty of picking men tor positions, for getting team work, and was a human dynamo that Infused energy into the Wisconsin movement...
...The flnhalor and Organiser Comrade Berger was a scholar and had collected one of the best private libraries en history and the social sciences to be found in this country...
...The wage workers the men and women who work with brain or brawn are mainly interested in peace and to 1 m proving the conditions of their class, which forms the overwhelming majority of every eivtBsed nation...
...The legislators too action to collect these overdue psgaay from tbe employers, through tasaaav The other measure carried to and meat wss a requirement that the hjjjl government make a a sapless tevaaak tion of the condition of wage wedBB ¦ of adequate remedies for the poverty S misery which is now the lot at st hi 1,000.000 of the total population of 1 500.000...
...And a great deal more wfll come tree than I have predicted...
...He was the author of numerous pamphlets and ¦says and was a familiar figure in national conventions of the party...
...Louis in which he also declared that tbe war was a commercial struggle He asked whether every man, woman and child who heard htm did not understand that "the seed of war in the modern world is Industrial and commercial rivalry...
...Sunup to sunset, fifteen hours a day, I worked to earn me thirty cents...
...New York and Wisconsin were solid against impossibUism and that the Impossibilists" are simply old Populists who became sore at tbe immediate demands because the Democrats stole their party with the 16 to 1 platform, and they have been son* ever since...
...Berger attended the Emergency Convention of the Socialist Party In St...
...In the debate Berger declared that "There is no bridge between Socialism and Anarchism...
...Even my sister Kitty...
...XL "So the hard yean went by...
...The gals—wall, lady...
...Twenty Years in Prison...
...A covered wagon from tbe hills Loaded with produce for which there is no sale Turns wearily homeward along Elk Avenue...
...Comrade Berger had the distinction of being the first Socialist elected to Congress, being successful in 1910 and had the honor to be expelled from that body because of net anti-war views...
...And yet he has toft a noble heritage of inspiration that will live after him...
...I caught their fire...
...Socialism teaches that modern wars are mostly straggles ever bnstoess and commercial interests...
...In the atwaaiaptiis that are boosting the war there is a very frwqaeut reltorslien of the assertion that it is an honor to toe drafted...
...I was bora in this country, Ma'am, three months after My father gave his life for his country at Vicksburg...
...Hang Dr...
...At Main Street corner A high powered motor car driven by one of The German bosses at Bemberg, Passes it at forty miles an hour...
...Berger, Debs and other Socialists organised the Social Democratic Party while the colonisers lingered for about a year and then disappeared...
...Victor L. Berger was fearleas In expressing his views...
...The Santa Oras concern, dominating the Pacific coast market has been paying dividends of 10 per cent on original investment and water, ite stock having increased from $100 to $334...
...We stuck to our mountains an' we kept Our mouths shet...
...Against the sky rises the black smoke of Bombsrg, Where men and women make artificial silk for a pittance...
...The church waa op .the side of feudalism, while feudalism was on top, and the church new sides with capitalism, because capitalism' is on top...
...Then we'd sit quiet, thmkhV of our Mother, An' thinkin' too...
...To them, patriotism and profits are the same...
...The farmer's grandson Is among them...
...And any opposition to capitalist, commercial or Imperialistic wars is regarded as "high treason...
...A hot breese blowing from Wautaugs River, Elizabethton lying under the heat of August noon...
...Millionaire Bread Line Asks Billion Dollar Alms WASHINGTON, D. C —Among the ridiculous sights to Washington's realistic life is the abject servility of Senators who denounced a dole in Great Britain to tbe unemployed, but who are smiles and encouragement to the millionaires' breadline asking a billion dollar dole from tbe Congrss of the United States to be paid not by the'wealthy of the country as is the dole to Oreat Britain, but by the common and tbe poverty stricken citizens of the United States...
...An' always in my brain I heard the law a calhn...
...Victor L. Berger has been one of tbe foremost leaders in the American Socialist movement since the nineties...
...vm...
...IV...
...For these - reasons the Milwaukee and Wisconsin movement has never been troubled with the variety of "left wings" that have appeared at times in other sections of tbe movement...
...Her sense returned, her gentle hand upon our So thin she was, the locket with his picture, My Esther's picture, sunk into her throat...
...3) Wall street ttsida, "war babies", had reached fabulous prices aad tbe end of the war weuM mean the end of that "prosperity...
...Atlas...
...We never heard her say an unkind thing nor do A mean act...
...Everyone was dirt poor throughout the South When the war ended...
...The 8. D. P. with a faction of the S. L. P. founded the Socialist Party in 1901...
...Victor L. Berger wss a man of strong convictions and although an immigrant he appeared to have an uncanny knowledge of American voters and how to reach them...
...And today the proletariat alone is the banner bearer of social and economic truth In this country — as in every other...
...Their Scat apprebeaaions following the accident two weeks ago which seat Comrade Berrer to tha hospital lad subalded...
...Ma'am, We're so uneddicated...
...WAR-FIRES TESTED BERGER'S METTLE Life of Pioneer American Socialist An An Inspiring Story— The Man's, Activities And Views—the Chicago Trial By James Oneal MwrlCTOR L. BERGER died tine afternoon r ThU inaajifs Sashed from T MHwoakee Wsdnosatey afternoon, wee e shock to Seelaltets ia Ifew York...
...He said that eggs an' milk An' Ariaona woulda saved her...
...Migration Pretaeai Up Meanwhile there is much debate * Porto Rico over the question of tajjjfc, tion by tbe unemployed or lalf SkeM workers to some place where they Behave $ better chance to earn a Warn The Dominican Republic, wah sat three-fifths the population of Ports Bat has seven times its area...
...He would never compromise in the slightest degree with tbe man or faction who became obsessed with some plan for a "short cut" to a new Social order and In methods he never argued with the person who urged force or methods that lead to force...
...Weathered by suns and winds of many years, Atlas, holding up the South On hulking shoulders in blue dungarees...
...I ate sad slept...
...All of them expect to profit by the war eventually...
...One would be led by that repetition to believe that there must be some doubt ah ont it...
...That is the only position we can take...
...I know she went Agrlevtn' at the fate bis children met...
...Some o' the boys an' gals went to tbe cities An' left these mountains...
...X. "Sometimes my brothers an' I would talk o'night About what we'd a bin if dad had lived...
...Most an tbe men of my age hereabouts Is growed up child labor...
...An' kin you read inside aay book You got a mind to opea...
...I caught the fire from those uho -lent before...
...Shoulders bent to tbe plow on many a stubborn furrow, With puzzled, kindly eyes, he tries to figure out The riddle of his universe...
...It to nasr a" hand, uses the same language, htfct similar climate an dis apparently as* to welcome a targe immigration fie...
...Oh, of course, the big business men do not intend to do the fighting...
...Comrade Berger became one of tbe pioneer Socialists of Wisconsin and likesome other Socialists of the period he believed that the Populist Party held promise of becoming the political movement of tbe American working clam...
...Party and Fanaticism In discussing the problem of immigration at the convention in 1910, Berger avowed his faith in internationalism and this led him into a consideration of fanaticism and its place in the labor movement...
...Some that had religious trairun' an' good mothers Turned out different from what you might expect...
...If hrteaias' party should oat settd of the legislature at the asm eaaBSj one of its first undertakings wffl see* settling of Porto Rican laborers, SB$* favorable conditions, in other MlSSBT* the West Indies...
...That my Mother went crazy An' I am uneddicated, an' hundreds like me...
...Owners yachting, gambling, motoring, dancing, yawning Overseas...
...X did at aha V* saske yea err...
...She had the truest eyes, the tenderest smile...
...You seen London—an' Paris...
...He also represented the party at a number of International Socialist Congresses...
...and the lack of jobs for 1st part of the workers, advocated a sstoa tkm to Hawaii...
...Mostly garden truck was bartered, fer there wan n't no money...
...I think fanaticism is like manure A young plant needs a lot of manure in order to keep It warm, to keep it protected and have it grow...
...Our children an' grandchildren Is worked for starvation wag»s at Bemberg Till they're ready to drop in their tracks...
...He realised that education of tha masses was the first essential for a growing and a successful movement...
...My position and that of my comrades towards this war was simply the position of the tatornstieaal Soetenet saeveawnt...
...V) During war them at freedom from laser troubles as labor can be war-controlled...
...Confederate paper Was worthless, an' there ware n't No J. P. Morgan to uphold no credit for us...
...Every man who has criticized the Administration of the war is guilty...
...MaeDonald cperatiat St ¦» Allied Manufacturers League...
...Chemicals Is breathed seventy hours a week By bays none too strong to start with...
...This became an Issue the following year aad the convention split into two factions...
...On June 20 appeared the first of five editorials in the Leader for which Berger was indicted under the notorious Espionage Act...
...An' Carter County, which went agin the state...
...Hang Dr...
...of which he has always been editor-in-chief...
...With the ruling class to America, capitalism and Americanism have come to mean the same thing...
...Anybody that kin read inside a law book is a person I envy' My great great grandfather fought for American independence at King's Mountain...
...I dare not fait them...
...Porto Rican Socialists Win Aid For Labor Independent Political Action Bears Fruit in la actment of Two Bills WSASHINGTON—(pp)—porto BJK TV legislature has completed the scud session called by Gov...
...Of such men I often think of the noble verses of Alfred Noyes to "The Torch Bearers...
...I could n't make no speech to save my life, yet stiU . . . somehow . . . Twas always it must burst forth That speech I coulda made—with eddies Uon...
...He was born in Nleder Rehbacb, AustriaHungary, in Pebruary, lSW, and in bis youth be became interested in the Socialist movement...
...His ancestors came from England, and Crossed from Carolina to Tennessee Over the trail biased to Kentucky by Daniel Boone...
...It is a business man's war and the object of it is profits, not democracy...
...Why .. . tody . . . Why...
...People hereabouts i» coughin' like they Never coughed before...
...They were unhappy n B* wail, and sentiment in Porto Bs» ¦*•» hostile' to any further experiBsoat ta addirection...
...tSJ tha property-owning class, antioos hi the workers carry the next decUja ad adopt radical measures, reluct—B agreed to have the long-delayed lasaS made...
...to which they strained...
...We have yet to meet anyone who is enthusiastic over the war, except big business men, bankers, and their satellites among the lawyers and others...
...Before he could graduate financial reverses overtook the Berger family and they came to the United States Victor joined tbe Socialist Labor Party in the eighties but as it became narrow in outlook be became dissatisfied with it...
...Louis coovonUoo of that party in ISM and triad is organise the Socialist sentiment Berger Meets Dees The following year the American Railway Uaioa with a number of other radical organisations founded the Social Democracy of America...
...Enriching absentee owners...
...Gee, Ma'am...
...for the future of the Leader which, we understand, was to undergo some changes to adapt it for better sendee to the movement...
...vn...
...Not on your life...
...These and questions of similar tenor are the ones you can hear if you mingle with the young mesv A BIG BUSINESS WAR To have h impressed upon one s mind that the war is a war of the big bantnees of one group of nations against the big business of another group of nations, each using the workers to do the $ghting and the dying, it is only necessary to attend meetings of big business men...
...A few years later quite a number of the most prominent advocates of sabotage were ranged with the war-makers while Victor L. Berger stood In court receiving a sentence of twenty years because of his anti-war views...
...say that he was convinced that the church was with tbe ruling classes...
...Ma'am...
...Iglestas is supuuuai S* idea tint Porto Rican workers seed go to the Doatiatosa Rapubhc tan President Hoover, when the MS* Porto Rican mission discussed efts an the problem of over-population to th» a* and...
...1917, and was uncompromising in his support of a declaration opposed to tbe war...
...Little by Utile it leaked in, but at first Life was so hard that many women an' crippled men Went like my Mother—to the Insane asylum...
...Mothwurf to a sour apple tree— The union goes marching on...
...After that we children were battered around from pillar to post...
...Three yean ago, now we are old an' grey, Capital's come at tost to Carter County, The North at to kin' an interest here at last...
...My father fell at Vicksburg to save the Union . . . An' It's my shame, lady, That I can't even read the laws o' my country—" XTV...
...And an opposition to profiteering is denounced aa disloyalty and "German propaganda...
...All my predictions have come tree...
...Incidentally, It is conceded that Wisconsin has the best and most advanced labor laws of any other state...
...women an' boys Ran Carter County ta them days...
...From the articles that I have written or from the speeches I have made I have nothing to retract...
...Is standing all day long, an' beginnin' To talk of backache, an' their youth just startln...
...The old man drew his rough blue sleeve across his eyes...
...Tom said a doctor, Dick was strong on art, He said he'd a gone to Paris...
...He wrote apt and short sentences that were to the" point...
...We want to keep out of the party everybody who is not in harmony with our main principles and who is opposed to tbe fundamental idea of the party, which means the ballot box...
...Under tbe gnaw of fighting for democracy our possessing rUssse would be eats to enforce then- own autocracy, to) fhe war provided an saraflent opportunity to establish a htg army aad navy ia this country...
...He added that those who do not know how to vote right are not likely to shoot right...
...This brought a laugh and...
...So it Is with a party...
...IX...
...We was Republicans In a Democratic electorate...
...They were so small, her slippers, none o' my gals Could git 'em on...
...But not to help us 'cause we are the sons Of men who died to save the Union— We bin sold out...
...of course, the im possibilists were defeated...
...Bui there are those who a oil for it, I knou, Those ztho will carry it on to victory...
...A fund of $24,000 was paatfJ for this purpose...
...Yellow Dog Contracts Cause Strike In Ma (By a Maw LaaSer CoiiwsioBBO BOSTON.—An "outside sstsseaftW capitalist nature la the abase of a tB* tain Mr...
...Her hands and feet were Utile...
...Was it to serve our children so That my father was killed for this country...
...There never can be any such bridge...
...Eyes to blowed out, There's one man got a broken back on a scaffold— His lawyer's feared to fight the """»"n« o' dollars That Bemberg stands for...
...Down Main Street Comes a group of lads who've not been taken back At Bemberg since the strike...
...He was elected a delegate to the St...
...Then came ISs flash which aaausaaeed the ssat It was only a few weeks ago that Comrade Berger visited New York m company with Mayor Daniel W. Hoan of Milwaukee...
...and yet it would be folly for a labor party to take sides on rehgtous views...
...Among the young men between 21 and 31 there seems to be a onWeoona view of the subject...
...It was only because "stay at home" voters came cut in large numbers that he was defeated...
...An' then...
...In an old trunk they were with my daddy's love letters...
...Different from what they mights bin If life had n't bin so hard...
...We recently had this experience, and we had it robbed into ns good and plenty that it is a business men's war...
...He was in good spirits and was aiaanms...
Vol. 9 • August 1929 • No. 1
