U. S. PLEDGES SUPPORT TO SHIPPERS IN WAR TO WREST MARINE SUPREMACY FROM GREAT BRITAIN; RATE WAR BEGUN
Stanley, Louis
U. S. Pledges Support to Shippers In War to Wrest Marine Supremacy From Great Britain: Rate War Begun Conflict O v er Havana Trade Presages Wide Conflict Between Leading Imperialist...
...The "President Roosevelt" is even a larger trans-Atlantic liner than the "Caronia" and can make more speed...
...Financial assistance will be greatly appreciated...
...The strikers hope the shoe workers of Greater New York will give their moral support to this worthy cause, which is also a battle for the shoe workers in general...
...it will, however, be the privilege of this Board to have American vessels at all times available for the transportation of American commerce with Cuba, should private American tonnage become insufficient from any cause whatsoever...
...It was not until May 22, 1928, that a law was finally enacted...
...A Subsidy Measure Enacted The Merchant Marine Act of 1920, which was intended to help private ship owners, could not prove its worth, because Its passage coincided with the collapse of the world shipping industry...
...daring the winter season to participate in the New York to Havana business, the United States Shipping Board, a governmental agency, sent a communication on Nov...
...The new Central Labor Union, whose membership already represents 20% of the city't population, resulted from Ertel's energy...
...Profits in 1926 were $16,800,000 and in 1925 were $18,000.000...
...John Brown, .Financial Secretary...
...This firm has a signed agreement with the Shoe Workers' Protective Union until March 1st, 1929, but broke the agreement with the organization because the members refused to accept a reduction of wages...
...During the five years ending 1914 the net tonnage of American vessels entering American ports was 4,752,954, that of the British ships 17,900,596...
...All sorts of business men in 47 states stand to pocket profits from cruiser building, Gen...
...Administration Slate Wins All But Three Posts In Sheet Metal Union, 28 M-issh of the Sheet Metal Workers' Onion...
...3 the cruiser bill be made the unfinished business, and that on the same day the Kellogg pact be brought up In open executive session...
...Major General Weigel deplored the Washington treaty provision forbidding the United States to develop naval bases against Japan and Britain in the far Pacific...
...18 Yextra In A Psrtagonian Dungeon Suffered By Rdmuii Socialist Yooth Bv * New Leader Correspondent) BUENOS AIRES—November 14— It was eighteen years since Simon Rsdowitzky was'imprisoned in the dungeon of Usnuaia (Terra del Puego) on account of a crime committed in 1909...
...Finally, we must remember the other sources of Anglo-American strife: oil, rubber, trade in China, allied debts and the Dawes Plan...
...That delay is precisely what the shipbuilding and armament and big-navy people fear most...
...As soon as the war ended, the American shipping companies set up * powerful lobby to drive the government out of the shipping business, and at the same time secure aid for themselves from the public treasury...
...Gen...
...Room Sector, (By Our War Correspondent).—Pacifists, Socialists, warships, government ownership, communism, preachers, professors, the capture of New York City, paternalism and the constitution got all mixed up in a perfervid speech by Gen...
...The hours of voting were from 10N1...
...The man responsible for this cruel deed was the then Chief of the Police of Buenos Aires, Colonel Ramon L. Falcon, who always exercised his office in a spirit of the bitttrest hostility to the Socialist organisations...
...He asked unanimous consent that at 2 o'clock on Jan...
...telegrams and resolutions are coming to senators from educators, clergy, trade unions, civic organizations of various kinds and from anti-militarist citizens, urging that the big-navy program be postponed until the Hoover administration shall have a chance to survey the world situation...
...FP) — Portland boasts a butcher shop that sells only horse meat...
...Thus, on June 30, 1926, there were steel steamers and motor ships under construction in Great Britain of a gross tonnage of 838,000, and at the same date in 1927, 1,385,000...
...The Washington agreement of 1921 to limit battleship building was described as a British-Japanese plot against the United States by Henry A. Wise Wood, who urged disregard of what Europeans think about America...
...The JonesWhite Shipping Act avoids the use of the terms "subsidy" or -'subvention.-' It has two main provisions...
...From 1821 to 1936 some thousand vessels were sold at prices which were notoriously not only below what they had coet the government originally but also less than the replacement value at the time of sale...
...The Cunard Line may follow their example later...
...A month elapsed before It knew the punishment that would be meted out to it and the British lines that might follow its daring example...
...Simon Radovvitzky, then 18 years of age, took a resolution to avenge the sufferings and injustice endured by the workers, and killed the Chief of the Police, Falcon...
...The United States had regained the position It had occupied before the change to Iron-clad vessels in the middle of the last century...
...These...
...Radowltzky, who admitted having committed the crime and accepted all responsibility, was condemned and has been in prison ever since, enduring untold miseries...
...Simon Radowltzky is a Russian by birth...
...In the second place, mail subventions are granted under conditions which prove that the Jones-White Act has an eye on naval as well as mercantile purposes...
...After Francis B. Ertel, member of the Hosiery Workers national executive board had organized Northampton hosiery inills,-*» irtrEed how much easier the Job would have been If he had had the united backing of organised labor...
...While British labor takes the high moral ground that war is at social crime, to prevent which the British workers in shipyards and munition factories are willing to make sacrifices in order to save the world for future social progress, the American labor union policy toward the naval bill is admittedly selfish...
...There is still another way of observing the change that has taken place in the relative status of the British and American merchant marines...
...18, by a vote of 14 to 2. This deal, as divulged by Moses, was that the treaty should not be taken up in the Senate until the $274,000,000 naval construction bill, providing for lo new cruisers and 1 airplane carrier—should be made the special order of business and be well tinder debate...
...Government Subsidies Demanded The Emergency Fleet Corporation built about three thousand ships out since its object was merely to provide for an emergency, most of these vessels were of a design that did not make them serviceable for long after the crisis had passed...
...Similar results are obtained by comparing the statistics for ships clearing American ports...
...Other American companies have since followed suit...
...He is also acting president of the National Civic Federation, chairman of the Workers Education Bureau board, editor of the Photo Engraver, associate editor of the American Federationist, president of the Intl...
...Epicures are divided over the relative exqulslteness of horse and mule porterhouse...
...Thrifty poor folks, fighting the high cost of living, buy bronco spareribs and cheap but durable steaks de-la-oldnag...
...King made him agree further that if he were not present on Jan...
...When the Cunard Steamship Company, Ltd., announced that it would transfer one of its ocean-going vessels, the "Caronla...
...The next day the Ward Line announced a twenty-five per cent reduction in rates from New York to Havana on the "President Roosevelt" as well as on its other vessels...
...William Hertenstein, Treasurer...
...in 1B27 from its 20,000 workers, a small sum is to be paid to them in the form of 50-50 Eastman pension and insurance philanthropy, 1 ue scheme calls for $150,000 a year from the firm and an equal amount which the workers must dig .up through the Eastmanowned Kodak Employes Association, a company union...
...Labor Controls Edmonton EDMONTON, Alberta— (FP) —The December elections put Labor in control of the Edmonton city council by capturing 4 of the 6 contests...
...20, Commissioner E. C. Plummer of the United States Shipping Board appeared before the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, explained the situation, and suggested the imposition of discriminatory duties on "British vessels when engaged in traffic between ports independent of the British Empire and ports of the United States...
...It is usual for executive council members to hold high-pesition in their international unions...
...Such competition...
...Martin W. Littleton, attorney for Fall and Sinclair in the oil cases, asserted that war is certain and that the United States should have the best and biggest navy afloat...
...bill...
...NOTrtS, LaFollctte...
...If the British Labour Party wlnis this election—some time In April or May—its first act after taking office will be to call for a conference for reduction of the burden of armament without awaiting the naval parley arranged for 1931...
...Edward * Vols, first vice president and head of the New York union, win succeed him...
...U. S. Pledges Support to Shippers In War to Wrest Marine Supremacy From Great Britain: Rate War Begun Conflict O v er Havana Trade Presages Wide Conflict Between Leading Imperialist Nations By Louis Stanley RACKED by the United Slate...
...Ben Cohen, William Butler, George Rothage, William Brandt, and Andrew Moffatt, business agent...
...The figures we cited before indicate that the United States has evertaken England in American foreign commerce...
...The rate of interest is to be at least 5 1-4 per cent, when the vessels upon which the loans are granted operate in the coastwise trade or are inactive, but during such period when the .vessels are operated in foreign trade, the rats of Interest is to be the lowest rate on government bonds, usually a little over three per cent...
...They claimed that they could not operate on a profit without financial assistance from the government...
...Since private plants do not employ union men, the unions are against (he passage of any naval bill which does not give at least half of the work to government yards where union men are employed...
...They do not know that the Americans have lost part of the advantage which they had gained as a result of the World War...
...An Initial sum of $6,500,000...
...America intends to wrest this honor and power from her...
...Thus ended the attempt of advocates s>t the pact to get it "out of he Senate by Christmas...
...John Ruel, VicePresident...
...The election was a spirited one and the administration candidates with three exceptions were elected over an opposition which doss not declare itself progressive...
...Eastman Yields Paltry Pensions To Kodak Workers ROCHESTER, N. Y. (FP).—Out Of the (20,000,000 profits coined by the Eastman Kodak Co...
...In other words...
...Whatever hope for peace there is lies in the intelligent understanding of the underlying conflict, the dissemination of the facts in the case, the arousing of public opinion, the vigorous opposition to governmental assistance to capitalist imperialists, and most Important of all the building up of a powerful Socialist and working class movement in Great Britain and the United States...
...New York City...
...When the United...
...Said the Board: "We recognise that in a technical vnse, American vessels have no preferential rights on this trade route...
...Heflin changed his vote, and Norris voted with the majority on both rollcalls, in order that he might later move reconsideration, thereby bringing further pressure on the navy advocates to allow the treaty to have the right of way...
...On the other hand his ctose friendship with heads of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co...
...Send to John Kirk, care of International Pocket Book Workers' Union, 53 West 21st street...
...For a worker employed for the past 10 years at $1,500 a year, the pension would be $150 annually...
...The fierce competition that ensued led President Harding at the instigation of Chairman Albert D. Lasker of ths United States Shipping Board to sponsor a ship subsidy...
...In the year 1909 the First of May Demonstration was supressed with bloodshed, and the crowds taking part in it were fired upon, several persons being killed and a large number wounded...
...Secondly, the Cunard challenge is a defiance of American domination in the Western hemisphere...
...Whether the labor lift insurance chief will resign as fourth vice president of ta* A. F. of L. executive council is not known...
...The British comrades are doing their share...
...After this evidence of lack of faith in Borah, the opposition agreed to his proposal...
...15 in Washington, at the invitation of the Chicago Federation of Labor, to take part in the hearing before the Federal Radio Commission on the plea of WCFL, the Chicago labor radio station, for the right to broadcast after 6 p. m. THE WAR IS ON...
...British ships carried away $1.011.891.000's worth or 50 per cent...
...Borah permitted Moses and Reed lo dictate that the naval program should be first assured before the discussion of the peace treaty should even be begun...
...After that...
...Naval Bin Defeat Is Possible Defeat of the naval construction bill, is admitted by spokesmen for the private shipbuilding interests to be a possibility of the final weeks of the 70th Congress...
...Inc., in New York is now in its seventh week, without any break in the ranks...
...It will repeat its declaration of this year, that it stands for prompt and drastic reduction of naval and land forces, and that it repudiates the Tory reservations placed upon the Kellogg pact...
...in case of sudden attack by the employers, if it could rely on a strong central body...
...m. to 0 p, m. sad 1,860 members voted...
...The outbreak of hostilities found the I United States, as our figures have shown, dependent upon foreign vessels for its [ foreign trade...
...They must be American-built, registered under the laws of the United Stater-, owned by Americans, officered by Americans, and bearing a crew at first one-half American, and after four years two-thirds...
...A four billion dollar investment had shrunk to onetenth that amount...
...Their eyes are fixed on the coming British election, with its almost certain outcome in the abandonment of the present British policy of refusal to reduce armament...
...First, ships and ship lanes are vital to empires...
...Its meaning is that the cruiser bill will have the right of way unless and until the treaty Is ordered, by a majority vote of the Senate, to take its place as the business to be handled...
...This action emphasize* the growing conflict between the British and American Empires over shipping as well an other matters...
...In June, 1927, the first figure had risen to 19,179,000 tons: the second to 11,171,000...
...Council Reorganized In CaPs Home Town NORTHAMPTON...
...Such, at least, is the action which the big-navy element fears from the British...
...Britannia has been mistress of the seas...
...On Dec...
...BuJiard reminded the manufacturers...
...In 1927 the total_ domestic exports amounted to $4,758,864,000...
...And the treaty can be dropped at any time for further debate and vote on the cruiser bill...
...LABOR TO TESTIFY FOR RADIO WASHINGTON (FP).—Chiefs of many international unions are to gather Jan...
...The letter was a most extraordinary defense of private interests...
...Letlers...
...could not take that motion now, because he was under promise not to do so...
...Hence, the fight for the supremacy of the seas, the wrangling over naval disarmament and the British reservations to the Kellogg Peace Pact...
...Most important of all, the lucky ships must either be "constructed, according to plans and specifications approved by the Secretary of the Navy,-with particular reference to economical conversion into an auxiliary naval vessel," or "be otherwise useful to the United States in time of national emergency...
...By the Merchant Marine Act of 1938 the United States Shipping Board lost its right to build any more vessels, but was permitted to complete such construction that was for the best Interests of the United States, and was directed to sell on the best terms possible those ships still in its possession...
...American vessels took away $l,419.967,0O0's worth or 30 per cent and British $1,333,325,000 or 28 per cent...
...half of which must also come from the_worker» through the company union, starts the fund out...
...Thomas P. McM;hon of the United Textile Workers...
...said the Board, "has a quality which this Board feels compelled to note with a view of assuring American operators that they will be protected...
...Mrs...
...Thus between 1921 and 1926 the United States built but 14 vessels totaling 137,000 gross tons, while Great Britain built 600 vessels of 3,500,000 gross tons...
...From it all came the conclusion that hardware man in 24 states are directly interested in the building of 15 new cruisers at a cost of $135,000,000 because it means fat contracts for them...
...The American labor attitude is an invitation to the big-navy lobby to compromise...
...The axe fell again the following day, when the United States Shipping Board, after a conference with the American hsip owners engaged In the New YorkHavana service, announced that it would assign the "President Roceevelt" of the government-owned United States Line to the Ward Line for direct competition with the "Caronia...
...22 to the British company, intimating that the latter better stay away...
...To add to the evidence of weakness on the part of the other 14 senators...
...Now that hLs imprisonment has lasted 18 years, the Argentine workers have again begun a campaign for his release and the international proletariat should with one accord and without regard to party differences, espouse the cause of the liberation of Rndowitzky who, imprisoned, imprisoned as a boy of nineteen, has now passed 18 years of his existence in a living death...
...Labor now has 6 seats and the conservative opposition 4. On the school board the representation is Labor 3, opposition 4. Woll To Quit Engravers, Report Says Be Will Devote More Time to Insurance Company, It Is Said ORES...
...Pensions will be paid to men over 65 and women over 60 on the basis of 1 per cent of their earnings for each year before 1929 and 2 per cent thereafter...
...I It is the World War that gave Che i American Merchant Marine its big boost...
...The Board feared that the American ships wolud suffer from the competition of the more commodious "Caronia" and resented the competition of the British during the busy winter months...
...Vessels to Havana from New York have been receiving maximum mail subventions of from four to six dollars per nautical mile and complying with building programs required of them by the Shipping Board...
...British capitalists are now making their last stand against the Americans who are replacing them in the financial and mercantile affairs of the Latin American countries...
...Advocates of the earlv ratification of the paot demanded Information as to when Borah would bring up the treaty, on Jan...
...American Interests Overtaking the British In June, 1914, the British Merchant Marine amounted to 18,892,000 gross tons, and the American to only 2,027,000...
...Not merely 13 armored cruisers, hut many times 15, were demanded by Rear Admiral Charles P. Plunkett in a fire-eating speech before a preparedness dinner of the National Security League...
...But Borah admitted that he was under agreement not to advance the treaty before the holidays...
...The American union labor forces demand that naval ships and equipment be constructed by union men...
...The British were still supreme but their lead had been cut down...
...Shipping Board, the Ward Line has challenged the right of an English rival, the Cunard Line, to enter the passenger service lx-iween New York and Havana, Cuba...
...He lnidcated that it would lie on the table until after the holidays...
...This measure actually passed the lower house on November 29, 1922...
...Then we shall see a pretty rate war...
...Labor Press, served as Samuel Campers' right hand man on the war labor board and was chairman of tat labor committee ot the council of national defense...
...In 1927 the figures had changed to 22,000,529 and 18,819,736, respectively...
...3. Reluctantly, Borah promised to move on that day that the treaty be taken up and kept before the Senate continuously until it should be disposed of...
...and with captains of Industry through the National Civic Federation will be of material assistance to bun as head of the Union Labor Life Insurance Co...
...Hailed as splendid philanthropy by the New York press, the Eastman pension and insurance scheme hi reality represent but three-quarters of 1 per cent of the firm's 1927 profits...
...Sparks That May Become a Conflagration The British line disregarded the warning of the United States Shipping Board...
...Nyc, King and others tried to compel Chairman Borah of the foreign relations committee to liold the treaty a: the head of the program of the Senate...
...The United States has become more self-reliant ainee 11914...
...With William Green apparently well intrenched in that office, Woll's chances ot heading the labor federation seem remote...
...The Shipping Board still operates 23 steamship lines, all but the United States Line being run by managing agents on a commission basis...
...In 1921 there were 843 privately owned American ships in foreign trade^ of 3,964,113 gross tons and 1,716 Shipping Board vessels of 7,656,604 gross tons, or a total of 10,620,717 gross tone...
...endeavors have been unsuccessful...
...Borah had made a deal with Senators Moses and Jim Reed, b~fore getting his committee to 'report favorably the Kellogg war-renunciation pact, on Nov...
...Vessels to receive mail contracts must be of steel and propelled by steam or motor...
...Local jt, elected oOeials last Saturday at Arlington Han, ths rota being taken by Toting machines...
...Ships tead With Big Navy Crowd Shipstead of Minnesota, Farmer-Labor, voted, as his progressive friends had feared, with the big-navy element...
...Robert Lee Billiard before the Hardware Club in New, York the other day...
...Profits for 1928 are expected to climb near the $25,000,000 figure...
...It is therefore determined to secure the biggest possible naval construction appropriation from Congress before the actual program of the British people is made known through the coming election...
...Fra/icr...
...William Cununing Story asserted that "free speech is carried ot to a degree that is appalling in New York City...
...Ballard, Acuniral Flunkett and Security Leaguers Survey Scene Alter Successful Assault on High-Priced Dinners Hotel Astor FTsnt, mains...
...He did the Job armed with A. F. of L. credentials obtained through Pres...
...A revolutionary from his earliest youth, he went as an emigre to Argentine...
...A dozen unions are represented and younErtel is vice president...
...One Phase of an Imperialist Conflict The dispute between Uie Cur.aid and Ward Lines is, therefore, but a phase of the struggle now being waged between the British and American Empires for control of the world's economic resources, markets and opportunities for Investment...
...but was killed by a Senate filibuster...
...That Woll may resign that position is possible, due to his disappointment in not being elected A. 7. of L. president to succeed Gompers...
...3, he would favor allowing some one else to move the taking up of the treaty...
...Portland Nags Serve After Death PORTLAND, Ore...
...Cruiser Bill Put Before Kellogg Pact Militarists Fighting Desperately Againsr Postponing Authorization of More Battleships Bv Laurence Todd WASHINGTON— <FP>— Desperate re.xi: lance by a little band of anti-militarist .--rnators failed to save the Kellogg war-renunciation pact, in a parliamentary scramble in the Senate before the holidays, from being pushed aside in favor of the $274,000,000 cruiser construction bill...
...Robert J. Nolan, Recording Secretary...
...Borah carried the report or the pact in his pocket 24 hours and then presented it to the Senate...
...Moses and Reed stopped their filibuster in committee and voted against reporting out the treaty...
...But Borah, expressing fears that several days, of "unfortunate friction" would result from further debate, offered a compromise...
...Congress created the United States Shipping Board in 1916 to regulate American chipping, investi; gate condition*, and make recommendations to Congress as to methods of developing the American Merchant Marine...
...Woll's expected resignation from the position be has held for 22 years vat precipitated by the demand of directors of the Union Labor Life Insurance Co, of which he is also president, that he center his attention on that insUtutlaa...
...Others elected were Richard Pattison, President...
...It is part of the strategy of American imperialism, intent upon defeating the British capitalist* in all parts of the world...
...What the hell do we care what they think about," he shouted as Security Leaguers applauded wildly...
...The ocean mail service is utilised to provide very substantial financial assistance to American ship owners...
...He first supported the ruling of Vice-President Dawes against a point of order on bringing up the cruiser bill, Then he voted against Norris' motion to adjourn...
...In 1921 American vessels accounted for 48.2 per cent of the net toonage of vessels that cleared our ports in foreign trade, in 1927 39.5 per centIt is perfectly plain that while more American commerce Is carried in American bottoms than before the World War the British are in fact making a strong bid to recover lost ground...
...Mass.—(FP)—When Calvin Coolidge returns to hsi home town of Northampton, he will find a vigorous labor movement because a young hosiery knitter succeeded in reviving the Central Labor Union...
...Further, he reflected how much stronger the knitters union would be...
...But the British labor attitude gives an effective argument to the teachers, ministers and civic organizations backing Norris' demands...
...Last year the name of this agency was changed to the Merchant Fleet Corporation...
...Ben Cohen was re-elected Business Agent although not supported by the administration...
...MATTHEW WOLL of the pfcoW Engravers Union will announce hfc resignation sometime before March 1, according to authentic information in the New York printing trades...
...This incident is but the flare-up of smouldering embers that may yet produce a mighty conflagration, Both the British and American Empires rely on shipping for communication, transportation and defense...
...The workers of Argentine regard Radowitzky as a martyr to their cause and have repeatedly endeavored to effect his liberation...
...Then again during the calendar year 1914 only $186,926,000's worth of domestic exports left this country in American vessels, or 9 per cent of a total of $2,071,058,000...
...An independent group nominated a ticket which endorsed most of the administration candidates of whom, about five are Socialist sympathisers...
...We, Americans, have hardly begun...
...In the United States the corresponding figures were 119,000 and 144.000 gross tons...
...He said he...
...The British had gained only 287,000 tons, the Americans 9,144,000...
...BURIED ALIVE...
...States entered the war n April, 1917, the United States Shipping Board was authorised to create the Emergency Fleet Corporation for the purpose of building ships...
...In 1927 the corresponding figures were 525 of 2,197,507 gross tons and 789 of 4,093^950 gross tons, or * total of 6,291,457 gross tons, and 780 of 4,093,950 gross tons, or a total of 6,291,457 gross tons...
...In the first place it creates a revolving loan fund of $250,000,000 to help ship owners...
...Moses and Reed secured from the others a report—without recommendation—of their own resolution designed to kill the effect of the pact...
...Morrison-Silver Shoe Strikers Appeal For Aid The lockout of employees on the Morrison-Silver Shoe Co...
Vol. 7 • December 1928 • No. 54
