AMERICA'S 8 MILLION VOTELESS CITIZENS
Seligman, Herbert J.
AMERICA'S 8 MILLION VOTELESS CITIZENS Republicans of North Connive in Difranehisement of the Negro Population of the South By Herbert J. Seligman ¦jfSOr.Ml as the United States is sup' hated...
...yet, it is said to have 150,000 tp 300,000 members and is now able to hold the balance of power in two or three states, provided the contest between the two old parties is anywhere near close...
...What is the apology of the South for this situation...
...In addition, there is an imperative need for able leaders...
...The overwhelming majority of manufacturers in my opinion would like to produce sound merchandise...
...A convention to organise such a ¦sake ohm partv has been planned for March, this Fawf...
...Fifth: Labor has Utile time for adequate political action...
...The Labor party includes In its platform the desiderata of Youth...
...Business is sufficiently strong to take care of itself without shedding crocodile tears, and bidding its eternal and steadfast enemy, the consumer, in the name qf mercy to withhold his blows...
...But who cares...
...So that in many Southern States, in Mississippi, for example, where the colored population is almost equal to the white, in Alabama, Louisiana, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, except in the large cities, the Negro has virtually no voice in determining who shall represent him, who shall make and who shaH administer bis laws, and spend the taxes he pays...
...The consumer for many not all, wants sound merchandise...
...Started in Washington The germ of the movement was a progressive Insurgent movement within the staid and conservative Grange in the state of Washington...
...But business need not worry very much—at least Just yet...
...Where his personal safety is concerned he is often the victim of the mob, the mob which may either beat turn, or in too many cases hangs him, shoots him, or burns him alive at the stake before gloating audiences In which women and children mingle...
...When did the consumer ever get any mercy out of business...
...Fellows, "to radiate influence, our light must shine before men, and it must glow, moreover, with a steady and resolute PROGRESSIVE FARMERS A Current Radical Farm Movement Bv Murrav E. Kins pHERE is a widespread belief that a radical movement will never attract the farmers in great numbers...
...We who are the social engineers of the morrow, here is our laboratory, here is our field work, here is our practical training, and all society is our sphere at research...
...The North has conspired with the South in Its violation ef the Constitution...
...SUB stranger, the labor leaders of that state employed this method of "rewarding friends and punishing enemies" in suck a way that the Farmer-Labor Parts' was reduced to an Insignificant movement anid the two old capitalist parties were restored to their former bipartisan control of affairs...
...T6 summarize: Youth should affiliate itself with a labor party because:— First: Youth is not a group in itself but a part of a pattern...
...Here is the record of the radical parties in Texas at their height: the Greenback party, 102,000 to 160,000 tor the Democrate...
...Congressman George H. Tinkham of Massachusetts has introduced a resolution in the present session of Congress, Resolution Number 34 in the House of Representatives, calling upon the Census Committee to investigate and report on disfranchisement, making the facts available in such a form thai Congress can and must act...
...Some day perhaps the worm win turn and we can all lean over the window ledges of heaven together — our halos slightly askew — and watch the show...
...The tragic failures ef the beginnings ef the social movement itself were largely due to this belief...
...something less than a man, and that white supreinacy, must be by laws which are in their intention lawless, which have, been enacted for the purpose of denying and evading the spirit of the Jaw of the land...
...These educational tests were most obviously designed to be used against the Negro...
...These clauses made the voting privilege dependent upon war service or residence or voting of oneself or an ancestor in the past...
...Moreover, the Supreme Court has declared that the Fifteenth Amendment did not confer the vote on anybody but merely stated that the vote should not be -withheld because of race or color...
...It is...
...United States Senators may say what they like about the legality on the face of the Southern laws...
...Sometimes it Is funny, sometimes not so funny...
...In Minnesota where, the ordinary farmer-labor organization to a political club more or less submerged ta "progressivelsm", and A. F. of L. *noOpartisanism" is still active, an organise* tion that has economic roots and thai) has dedicated Itself to the task of devaV...
...When we mingle with students from other countries in international congresses to discuss our responsibilities as students in the new order after the European clash, we can but earnestly desire not a program far students but a urogram for the people, in a wider sense for humanity...
...Our conceptions concerning society would undergo reconstruction, In the light of past and contemporary experience, and would be automatically broadened...
...Appeals for funds brought collections ranging in many Instances from $50 to more than $200...
...Taxation without representation is of the essence of the Southern scheme, of things, so far as the Negro is concerned...
...In June, 1922, Bouck and his progressive followers organised a new movement—the Western Progressive Farmers...
...continue to be deprived of the franchise...
...There were educational tests...
...Only recently we have had the specygjgM two United States Senators profk^itif on the floor of the United States Senate, not only their knowledge af the fact that Negroes are denied the Tott m the South, but the expressed detomhiation of the white people that NegfOca thai...
...South and to prevent the Negro from voting there...
...One dove of peace I will send...
...a question, of the Negro's having to_ prove, his fitness ta exercise the privilege of voting, ft...
...For him, if he should ever have red blood enough to want them, I have a number of constructive— ho defensive, suggestions, but to the well disciplined army on the other side of the Rubicon 1 can only hurl defiance —puny, ill-advised, but passionate...
...h» short, Youth desires to reform the *prid...
...The Labor Party recognizes the ills in Modern Society and compels reform...
...Thetr interests in the sociological plane are common...
...Youth and the labor party seek to improve...
...No amount of applesauce can bridge this chasm...
...One of the most famous of these means, some rears ago declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court, were the so-called Grandfather clauses in the Constitutions of Southern states...
...It is his case, and his case only for which I have the presumption to plead...
...us how to reform it...
...The South jfc p£,t believe in, democracy...
...The insurgent leader was named Keglry...
...The situation as disclosed by special investigation of the election in 192Q In' Florida, represents the spirit, of the white minority which is determined, to rule the...
...There ware poll' and other tax requirements so that if one either failed to pay the tax or lost any of his tax receipts the right to vote could be denied...
...But we have no intention now that this fund of Intellectual and spiritual energy liberated by radical thought in the younger generation shall die away in such ineffective efforts...
...I am doubtless a fool not tc play golf, read the American Magazine, catch the 8:26 from BronxviQe and save at once my breath and the strong probability of languishing in the lock-up for libel...
...The Stamp of Inferiority Denial of the vote to the Negro in the South becomes a symbol for fastening the stamp of inferiority upon him The man who is voteless, is ineffective in his demands for better education, for police protection, for sanitation...
...After all...
...They are never sure with an untried article whether they are going to get their moneys' worth or get gloriously stuck...
...The more radical appeal of class organization for the purpose of emancipating the producers has met with a surprisingly widespread and enthusiastic response...
...When this wave showed signs of subsiding, the new Progressive Farmer wave entered Montane from the west and began to cover the state wtUV local groups...
...QM leading colored man...
...This may not be good for business, but it certainly is not good for the consumer...
...And those facts, it is quite generally understood, Include any sort of brutality, law evasion, inequity in the administration of the law, hypocrisy and subterfuge, by which colored citizens may be deprived of what' Is plainly Intended shall be their right Heretofore efforts in Congress to have these facts placed on record and proved, have failed...
...In brief, both parties, I believe, have a common ground in quality, one for this benefit of" his body, the other for the benefit of his soul...
...Harry E. Davis, who has recently been elected to the Civil Service Commission of his city...
...The consumer has his part, however small, in the great epic of America* salesmanship...
...the aodeh tot party, 60,000, which was higher than the Republican vote...
...In one ease at least acording to report, a colored woman and her child perished in the • flames...
...to wipe big face because be rravupHtojl the crime of advising colored rren, and women, of the community to register • and vote...
...The political Influence has insinuated itself into our daily life...
...qualified, he may prove himself In every, way, is submitted to this denial of bis fundamental citizenship rights that protest is made against the Southern practise as vicious...
...It will be recalled that there are two Amendments to the United States Constitution, dealing with this question of the vote...
...J i The representative of the Progressive Farmers at Breckenridge, Texas, has sop* plied the writer with acme very Inter-, esting facts about the movement in the southwest section, Down here where' Farm Labor Union locals have been numerous and where the Farm Labor Union launched a revival more than a' month ago, the Progressive Farmers areconcentrating oa the promotion of the national Farmer-Labor party movement...
...It can be done with a fine flow of rhetoric-full of such words as "service", "common aims", "cooperation" "two parts of a united whole"—which leaves us all feeling perfectly splendid, but without an lota of an effect upon our tangible behavior when we get back to the desk or the counter...
...Of course we would like to depress or at least modify some businesses...
...His business would be in for an alarming shrinkage...
...Towards that end do we earnestly urge Youth to affiliate itself van a Labor Party...
...the Southern laws were . directed...
...we might improve quality but the turnover would be no less...
...What is of greater inspiration, what of finer spiritual enhancement^ than the social and intellectual companionship of those unselfish, self-sac rtftcing comrades who are devoting the greater part of their lives for so noble a cause as the emancipation of the working class...
...For his "radical" ideits be was expelled at a national convention of the Grange in 1921...
...I would like an authoritative and independent source to which I could turn for help...
...its way...
...The consequence of his attempt to obtain Justice, was that he bad to flee from his town because the white people threatened him with violence...
...In present society there are such harsh economic conflicts which speak in terms of strikes, lockouts, injunctions, and machine guns...
...because the Negro, no matter how thoroughly well...
...well-wishers of men have shown a touching faith in the power of pure ideals to propagate themselves...
...This suffering must be alleviated...
...Eventually but Not Just Now' might be a better title for these untimely remarks...
...Adulteration is often forced upon them by tUbitterness of the competitive struggle, but it is a dirty game, and they know tt...
...If he were sure of his demand, would not rather make an honest product in which hie could take pride...
...The political phase is of serious consequence...
...John B. Watson has proved that, blindfolded, scarcely one man to ten can recognise his favorite cigarette...
...It desires to exterminate this outrageous .state of affairs...
...Second: The ubiquity of political influence in our daily life calls for participation in, and simultaneously, the study of political action by Youth...
...Against that sales forcing^ that employment of all the arts of Wonderland to njake us buy what we too often do not want and do not need, We the alarm clock squad, proposed trenches, tanks, barbed wire, machine guns and every defense, except poison gag There has been altogether too much of that commodity in the air already, and as honest fighters we ought mutually to agree to its complete abatement...
...He needs stiffening up, standard of value, a reliable method to identify the sound from the shoddy...
...As consumers we want more reliable information about the quality, the utility, the cost and, if you please, the therapeutic value of the necessities, and even some of the luxuries, that we purchase...
...The attempt to deprive the Negro of his fundamental citizenship went so far in Texas, that Texas in 1924 passed a law which made it Illegal for any Negro to vote in the Democratic primary elections of that State...
...owner of an...
...What Actually Happens The...
...In its work of penetrating the states it seeks to amalgamate with the other radical and class movements of the farmers...
...With an due respect to other activities, * *trta» the importance of the political party as a medium for the socially useful expression of thinking Youth...
...To hold that anything can come of that pleading Is, I may grant, presumptuous...
...is comparatively strong in seven or...
...Word bad been sent out that no Negro was to oe allowed to cast a ballot...
...Many, to their eternal credit, have gone gloriously into insolvency, refusing, with the passion of artists, to give an inch-from their standards of honest workmanship...
...But this colored man...
...I make the claim, and I- think that I can prove it, that in all too many lines the consumer is not getting his moneys worth...
...Of coarse his mind may be too far gone ever to be resuscitated to function with intelligence and discretion...
...Two htothers in Cohnnbia County were called fries...
...theJr homes and almost beaten to death two week* ' before election day and for the same crime of having urged Negroes to vote, ; In one small town, Ocoee, in Orange County Florida, a bloody riot ensued upon, the attempt of a colored, man ' to vote...
...thus it lends itself as the vehicle for these ideas, and the use of the party In this fashion allows theoretical analysis to be checked...
...The disfranchisement of the Negrc titer the Civil War was accomplished mainly by lawlessness, violence and intflrfdatlon by the Ku Klux Klan and oner bodies...
...For, it is only thinking youth that Would employ so positive a medium...
...Youth * cognizant of the shameful ills that characterize our social structure...
...Youth recognizes the ills in Modern Society and demands reform...
...We can no longer combelieve in the usefulness or sigs*Or»*lee of those teachers and writers who show themselves serenely obUvloosto the social problem...
...Before 1890 Negroes were deprived of tlfetr v<Aes mainly by violence...
...As the most eminent lawyers differ about the Constitution and its interpretation, sad as the Supreme Court some times votes Ave to four on Constitutional questions coming before it, it is not hard to see how some Southern Negro's explanation of a sentence or paragraph from {he Constitution might be found wanttog...
...Only working farmers and other workers are permitted to belong to it...
...Battle Cry of the Wounded Consumer A Call For Move Facts, Less Poetry About The Things We Buy By Stuart Chase THE outward evidences of high-powered salesmanship that greet each bewildered consumer offers only the briefest glimpse of the Wonderland in which the American consumers find themselves...
...Meanwhile if enough of us lowly consumers demand more facts and less poetry about the goods that we buy, there will be plenty of business men ready to meet that sort of demand...
...This is the question raised by the Young Peoples' Socialist League...
...T, refer to the Progressive Farmers...
...In the southwest states the Progressive Farmers have encountered the Farm Labor Union and the Progress Builders, both radical organizations in their principles and ultimate aims...
...Fifty delegates from these eight states met in Minneapolis in December, 19,27, and launched the Progressive Farmers of America...
...As a buyer I am going to use my purchasing power to force as much in the way of quantity as I can get...
...Senator Swanson says the recourse of the Negro is to the courts, when his rights as a citisen are invaded...
...We are «*au analysts of the society around us...
...But, in order that an idea might triumph, it must be brought to the attention .of the people...
...The Texas radicals and pimisMlife have high hopes for the future of such a party en account of the radical tendencies developed to Teaas to the past...
...AMERICA'S 8 MILLION VOTELESS CITIZENS Republicans of North Connive in Difranehisement of the Negro Population of the South By Herbert J. Seligman ¦jfSOr.Ml as the United States is sup' hated to he an experiment in demo-fg^fonn of government, the South Is nBtpart of the United States...
...Yet their intent was to furnish a pretext for depriving the Negro of his vote...
...R is known that the Southern States defy the Constitution and evade it...
...Part of the problem, of the South and of the rest of the nation as well, is to get rid of the relic of slavery days, the notion that the Negro is...
...The UniOQ Lufate party and the La pbBstte ntopefhenl also made good showings...
...And although the law shows no discrimination on its face, it was passed for the express purpose of being unjustly and inequitably administered...
...That the suffering of a great portion of society is intense, is appallingly evident...
...In Minnesota tt indorses the state (Farmer-Labor party and supports it- Its national convention indorsed the Minnesota and national Farmer-Labor Parties...
...4 %Ts>,n In another article I hope to frn(fUrtn-> er facts concerning the Progress1 is Far...
...What will happen—If indeed anything happens—is thai certain concerns will lose their turnover to other more enterprising concerns who are ready to manufacture on the basis of more facts and less poetry...
...Strong Town Following* Information I have gained...
...This Texas law did not go uncontested...
...YOUTH AND POLITICS The Young Socialists' Position By Julitis Umanslo QHOULD youth affiliate with a poT Mtieal party...
...The organization is strongest in Washington, Montana, Minnesota and Wisconsin...
...But since toe era of violence between the years ltie and 1890, new means of accomplishing the same end were discovered...
...To hetl with business when it...
...for I believe that tasi party is one of the most significant Nancies that function for the improvement of the lot of the masses...
...Therefore, says Senator Swanson and a considerable section of the South, the Squth is not violating the Constitutional Amendments because its laws are not withholding the vote on the ground of race or color...
...as an Instrument for appraising value, is a jelly...
...Already It...
...1 hold that the classes which the Republican and Democratic parties represent are not in need of assistance...
...it is not...
...When we get ih touch with workmen and laborers, we find out and understand more clearly the necessities and aspirations of the poor...
...from, its official papers leads me to believe there has been a considerable organisation of local groups of the Progressive Farmers...
...Since it is integral an element in our existence, should we not delve into its nature that we may the better be able to appreciate the mechanism of the social machinery...
...Randolph Boufne,-r-one of our clearest and honest thinkers,—said: "For centuries...
...Too often he is the victim of injustice in the courts...
...Potttieal Cooperation Another interesting fact In connection with this movement has developed in Montana The original farmer-labor impulse from North Dakota and Mia* nosota led to election of members of...
...Does one cross onesself as he enters this new cathedral...
...Letters were ¦ ddreased during the sum* mer of 1927 to the various radical and labor elements...
...There is a personal phase existing in the emulation of Youth with necessary reform movements in general and, the Labor movement in particular...
...Third: The labor party serves as a sociological laboratory and offers practical training to youth...
...One Negro in Mississippi did go to the courts and bring suit because he was refused opportunity to register...
...The writer has been studying a farmer organization for a month which asks for practically the whole Socialist program of...
...It wfll be objected that such a move in the unlikely event that anything comes of it, may be bad for business...
...And so a ragged battalion of us consumers are crying for more facts and less poetry...
...That is why...
...The Sooth's Apology These laws, technically legal and in accord with the Constitution, do not mention the Negro...
...a physician, and respected member of the community, was spat upon by a crowd which dared bft...
...merely against, the ignorant and the unfit, and white men of this class were excluded equally with Negroes, there would be no valid criticism...
...this organisation had spread over the states of Washington...
...By "youth" we mean those who range from the ages of sixteen to thirty...
...Inasmuch as the Progressive Farmers have become one of the most active elements working for a national farmer-labor partyA are .busy now .seeking combination with Other, radical political and economic farmer organizations, and are likely to exercise considerable Influence on political developments this year, a sketch of their interesting history, growth, principles and methods is worthwhile...
...One is the 14th Amendment, of which the second section provides that in States disfranchising Negroes or other people because of their race or color, representation in Congress shall be proportionately reduced...
...That is of Inestimable worth to youth...
...It has local organizations in Colorado and is organised in Arizona...
...Most of its members are real dirt farmers...
...The Republican and Democratic parties are survivals of old controversies long settled, and are not now the representatives of current clashing principles...
...pat uncomfortable questions to our 5* and sueeeasf ul elders...
...Great efforts ended only in sentimentality...
...Their efforts must be common...
...Under the provisions of the educational requirements citizens might be required to explain some sentence or part of the Constitution...
...farmer-labor control of government and industry and the establishment of Industrial democracy...
...from officials of this organization and...
...And confronted with a plain ease of denial of the vote an the around ,of race and color, the Supreme Court had no alternative but to declare, the Texas law nnronaatnttonal, But the purely legal side of the disfranchisement .question, although it is a matter of national hypocrisy in winch the North is quite as much Involved as the South, is only a phase of the situation...
...Moreover, the party serves also as a means for the dissemination of ideas...
...In Colorado a practical amalgamation of the Progressive Farmers and the Farmer-Labor Party has been effected...
...rroperty qualifications were required of Mending voters which deprived not only many Negroes of the vote, but many of the poorer whites as well...
...eight states and has penetrated about five other states with many local organizations...
...We do not want all the technical facts about everything below the tine of super-luxuries—it would bore us to death:—but every now and again when I am buying a suit or a shirt or a vacuum cleaner or a pair of shoes or in oil heater,—I would like to feel a little more intelligent and a little less like a helpless idiot...
...Isn't this sort of shift always occurring in American business from other causes—chiefly competitive...
...Indeed it might be more by virtue of the waste eliminated...
...It is a duty we must accept...
...what is the United States Constitution among friends, when those friends happen to be politicians, but a scrap of paper...
...By December, 1927...
...He has to pay for it...
...A qualified Negro voter...
...In the second upward swing toward working class power in the state of Washington...
...Even old and tried products have a habit of changing their formulas sometimes...
...It is, afro, significant that it is now., the agrarian ul......sss that are leading, while organised labor to banging hack...
...And if ways and means could be found to set up and enforce quality standards, (both parties would be healthier and happier...
...This is evident:—That it is easier for an individual than for a social group to live apart from public life...
...Now as everyone knows, in Texas, as in other Southern States, there, is only one party of any voting strength and that is the Democratic party...
...We have no more respect, for the tender susceptibilities of the seller, than he bat bad in the past for us...
...the Populist paiey, 4*0400 to 3OQJ06 far the Democrat...
...With the result that uncertainty among such consumers as have minds superior to that of the amoeba is universal—for a great variety of products...
...Unless he Is one of the handful of colored people admitted to the poBs by grace of the white minority as a gesture or because It is known those few Negroes will vote right...
...We have a sacred role to play in the public life of our country, a role which belongs to us, and which must be filled...
...in college, in Industry, In the newspapers, in church, it is everywhere...
...But when salesmanship is » astute, or consumers are so dumb, as hopelessly to confuse the sound with the shoddy...
...The responses were Overwhelmingly ta favor of a state farmerlabor party In winch the trade unions would be included, if possible...
...When one surveys dispassionately the lowly and turgid mass which is the consumer on the one side, and the efficiency, the intelligence and the impregnable assurance of the advertising gentlemen who know their business so well, on the other, it seems almost hopeless...
...The farmer-labor forces of that state cast 128,000 votes and crowded the Democratic party to third place...
...orange jriive, of his own hoqae, a respected member of the community who had never been m any ' trouble, did attempt to vote...
...Senator Swanson of Virginia recently voiced it...
...or the necessary from the superfluous, in brief, a good double strength shot of sales resistance...
...overcharges me, , misinforms me, adulterates my goods, or htts me below the belt with subtle psychological appeals...
...Last year again witnessed a rise in farmer-labor votes and the election of farmer-laborites In a number of countiesIn Minnesota the closest cooperation exists between the Progressive Farmers and .the Farmer-Labor Party...
...He has forced his goods upon us by every conceivable legal means, and as the Federal Trade Commission can tell you,, by means that have frequently been not so, legal...
...JSJ^olored citizens of the Southern States, to every way qualified, by propertr tax-paying, and intelligence, aire gjBrtved of their right to vote simply becftae of their color and their African dJJfcVnt...
...when most of one's competitors are adulterating or depressing quality In one way or another—what can the manufacturer do If he is to keep out of the red...
...progressive farmer-laboa sentiment started by the Nonpartisan League and Farmer Labor party movements of North Dakota and Minnesota, was then at its crest...
...For a Negro outside the largest cities fa- the South to attempt to vote, is to hike his life in his hands...
...The other Constitutional Amendment which applies to the matter of voting Is the 15th Amendment which states pminly that no American citisen shall be denied the voting right because of nee or color...
...The Labor Party is an effective means for the dissemination of ideas...
...If we desire to reform the world,—and we do!—we must go to the world, for the world will not come to us and ask...
...Strange to say, into this hopeful field American Federation of Labor "nonpartisanIsm'' projected itself...
...It ought to be good...
...In the state of Washington in 1922 when the Western Progressive Farmers were launched, a. wave .of...
...is significant that the, Progressive Farmer movement has grown again to a place qf . considerable . power right through this period of betrayal, wrecking and decline of the earuer fannerlabor movement...
...The Fourteenth Amendment therefore, left the question of conferring the vote in the bands of the States...
...So that the candidates designated at the Democratic primary elections in To*** and other States, are practically automatically elected to office...
...14 is the facts that count...
...The Minnesota Paimer-LsboT leaders attended the Progressive Farmers' national convention and were among the godfathers Who helped to christen tt and speed it on...
...And the suit was discontinued...
...There is documentary evidence to fill many books...
...The buyer is trying to get the maximum of goods for his dollar, while the seller is trying to get the maximum of dollars for his goods...
...I am not alone in this desire for a few less advertising slogans, and a little more light...
...The consumer's case I know something about...
...L. A. Dixon of El Paso, a Democrat, took the case to court...
...One of .the ablest members of the Ohio legislature for a number of years was a colored attorney of Cleveland...
...The seller IS going' to collect the last cent the traffic will bear...
...It had its beginning as a state organization five years ago- As a national organization it is only a year old...
...the legislature and the state senate and farmer-la box candidates in some of the counties...
...Perhaps he la destined forever to walk his mile for a dromedary, though Dr...
...In the riot which - ensued every Negro home, schoothouse, church and lodge in the community was burned to the ground...
...After his death William Bouck succeeded to the leadership of the progressive wing...
...On the question of price our warfare mi'ut be eternal, but on the question of quality there is just the possibility that we might get together...
...Other means were easily found for accomplishing the same end as that sought by the Grandfather clauses...
...Not desirous of appearing arbitrary, we win allow minor infractions of these limit...
...He was severely beaten and told to go home...
...oping class-oensicous political sctton> such as the Progressive Farmers, to cap'able of doing a great deal of good...
...What proportion of manufacturers in...
...I object obscurely and vociferously to the rank hypocrisy of the whole modern cult of "service...
...Following the national, convention last winter, speakers and organizers in Washington, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota and Wisconsin were greeted by crowded halls In remote rural sections, when the weather was below zero and the roads made very difficult by snow...
...I am one...
...Therefore no Constitutional question is involved in most of them...
...But in respect to other matters, particularly price, frankly I do not see how it is possible to reconcile the two points of view—that of the seller and that of the buyer...
...By "affiliation with a political party," we mean a relationship of useful activity toward the furtherance of the aims of that party...
...It is Youth's province to prepare adequately for the assumption of this leadership...
...Which, is precisely nil...
...the National Association for the Advancement of colored-People which carried the case to the United States Supreme Court...
...Randolph Bourne remarked: _.¦"?**> Youth, feel only contempt for tome who stultify their talents and ya.fert their knowledge in defending "¦worn political philosophies, and ecoatoue eodes...
...Since this national convention Progressive Farmer organizations have been sown right down through the middle west states into,.Texas., The national organization maintains a southwestern representative—B, H. Lauderdale—at Breckenridge, Texas...
...But It is doubtful If there win be any action...
...He has been tempted, flattered, cajoled, frightened, .cooked up, threatened and appealed to, misinformed —until his mind...
...in the North Negroes have not only been exercising the ballot, but have been holding important offices with the most conspicuous success...
...Congress is not in the least interested...
...Youth recognises that the great majority of the people of the United States,—the vise-earners,—are In grave circumstances and in dire need of youth's help...
...The more that sort of business piles up on the rocks the better I shall Uke it...
...Labor's need for able leadership is a challenge to Youth...
...Montana, North Dakota...
...Therefore, to, exclude anyone from voting in the primary is Just as effectually to deprive him of his vote as if be were deprived of the voting privilege altogether...
...They stand tar the ruling classes, whose interests are directly opposed to those of the working masses...
...Since when has it taken precedence over life, liberty and the pursuit of happlners...
...South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Nebraska, and had found lodgement in Iowa...
...Since when has business preempted the moral right to enforce Its balance sheet as against the consumer's welfare...
...Business always knows what it wants and the consumer mostly doesn't...
...It takes more space to sell fairy stories than to tel) facts...
...No amalgamation has yet been effected with these organizations, although the feeling between them seems to be cooperative and harmonious...
...recent years have gone cascading to eternity because their goods were better than their sales appeal...
...He was backed up by...
...The poUtcial party is the organic link between the individual, and the masses...
...You become imbued with an overwhelming zeal, a grand determination to offer a like devotion to movements so essential to the welfare of society...
...The only person who would not be any happier, Indeed he might be a very gloomy person, would be the vendor of advertising...
...What manufacturer...
...Youth...
...J Thereafter a group of armed white men went to his house to get him, - having no warrant tor his arrest...
...yet labor has so little leisure to play politics, and in addition, it lacks political leaders sorely...
...We represent the buyer, first,' last and all the time...
...Senator Swanson says the Fourteenth Amendment <fid not give the.Negro the right to sate, but penalised any State which withheld that right...
...The Texas Improvement The answer of course, is that the disfranchisement occurs outside the law...
...The Mexican Federation of Students through an official, stated:— "Though the Federation refuses to have In Its program any political aim, students are pushed sometimes, no matter what efforts are made to the contrary, to take part in polities...
...The Republican and Democratic parties are not on opposite sides of this economic strife...
...But a few of us are waking up and setting off as many alarm clocks as we can lay our hands upon...
...to read unsinfling the label, "Guaranteed not to fade fast colors", and to buy his, furniture on the assurance that it is made of Lumber frees Contented Trees...
...Two of them were shot in the Negro's 1 defense of his home...
...Dead Amendments Both these Amendments to the Constitution are constantly and admittedly evaded, most flagrantly in that section of the country which is loudest in its oAntnds for the enforcement of the prohibition Amendment...
...The cases are not universal, but they are altogether too frequent...
...It does 2t practise it, insofar as democracy Is -mnbsed to rest in the voting privilege...
...Fourth: The labor party is a source of information for Youth and is a means of disseminating the ideas of Youth which have profited through reinterpretation...
...The prospects looked splendid for the early rise of a conquering working class political movement...
...Let us admit this obvious fact, and stand embattled but devoid of hypocrisy, face to face...
...We criti2* th« activities in which they en¦H* the hitherto sacred professions ¦¦•Jbusinesses, and learn to distinguish "ratauy between actually productive w** for society, work which makes «* the material and spiritual well Sg°j[ °f the people for whom it is and parasttie or wasteful work, waafc shnply extends the friction of "¦¦Petition, or lives on the labor or ¦*¦•«* of ethers...
...He always has done so, he always will—until the rules of the game of business are altogether changed...
...kind of tatimidatiou Negroes are subjected to in the South to keep them from ^kelfc^boae^eg Wo J&o% « was Jk*kee4 ojr an Investigator for the National Association for the Advancement of Colsrca « people that Negroes nam thai stmt and kanttsi as they approached the ^t»w*v^Pt*ssssse^ej^ -TfwrWT^kjT^^ ¦¦¦TB • ^"u^ polity pjaces ta Florida...
...It is particularly strong In Washington, and thereby hangs a tale...
Vol. 7 • March 1928 • No. 11
