Appendix: Basic Facts About Latin American Countries
APPENDIX Basic Facts About Latin American Countries The following facts have been gathered by the staff of THE NEW LEADER to supplement the statistics accompanying Dr. Woytinsky's text. For...
...Population: 13 million...
...Fran?ois Duvalier, elected 1957...
...Population: 947,000...
...For country-by-country figures on per capita and total national income, see page 7, distribution of the labor force, page 9; illiteracy, page 22...
...President: Ernesto de la Guardia Jr., elected 1956...
...Chief industry: mining...
...Recent history: Civil strife between APR A (People's party, led by Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, with influence in other countries) and conservatives led to authoritarian rule after the war...
...Population: 6 million...
...Population: 61 million...
...President: Jorge Alessandri, Liberal-Conservative, elected 1958...
...Paraguay: Area: 157,000 sq...
...Population: 9.7 million...
...Principal city: San Jos...
...Mineral resources: gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc...
...Population: 2.2 million...
...Mineral resources: silver, platinum, copper, iron, salt, petroleum...
...President (provisional): Admiral Wolfgang Larrazabal, led junta formed in 1958...
...Dictator: Luis Somoza, since assassination of his father, dictator Anastasio Somoza, in 1956...
...Population: 3.4 million...
...Dictator: General Alfredo Stroessner, since 1954...
...Colombia Area: 440,000 sq...
...Mineral resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold...
...Bolivia: Area: 419,000 sq...
...Arevalo in 1944 came under pro-Communist influence under his successor, Jacobo Arbenz Guzman...
...Popular revolution in 1958 established provisional junta, restored civil liberties...
...Chief crops: Coffee, bananas, sugar, rice, cotton, chicle...
...Recent history: Military coup in 1948 ousted Democratic Action administration under Romulo Gallegos, established dictatorship of General Marcos Perez Jim?nez, which worked closely with foreign petroleum interests...
...Ecuador: Area: 116,000 sq...
...Chief industries: steel, aluminum, cement, manufacturing, aviation...
...Mineral resources: timber, iron, manganese, copper...
...Panama: Area: 28,000 sq...
...Recent history: Split in ruling party, 1957...
...Recent History: Dictatorship under Juan Peron, established 1943, was overthrown in 1955...
...President: Dr...
...Mexico: Area: 760,000 sq...
...Principal cities: Havana (capital, 1.2 million), Holguin (227,000...
...Recent history: Rebel movement under Fidel Castro active in eastern part of island since 1956...
...Recent history: After three democratic postwar years, military junta took over in 1948, has dominated ever since...
...President: Camilio Ponce Enriquez, Conservative, elected 1956...
...Money: balboa, U.S...
...Population: 7 million...
...President: Lt...
...Money: quetzal, U.S...
...Money: gourde, U.S...
...President: Hernan Siles Zuazo, Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MNR) , elected 1956...
...Chief Industries: mining...
...Population: 2.6 million...
...Haiti: Area: 10,000 sq...
...But General Manuel A. Odria, strong man 1948-56, yielded to free election which chose conservative Prado, whose first act was to legalize APRA and restore freedom...
...President: Arturo Frondizi, Intransigent Radical, elected 1958...
...Recent history: A five-month civil war in 1947 led to the rule of the Colorados, supported by Argentina's Peron...
...Money: cordoba, U.S...
...Mineral resources: gold, lumber...
...Money: guarani, U.S...
...Chile: Area: 286,000 sq...
...Population: 1.6 million...
...29.9c...
...He was deposed by a coup with U.S...
...Chief crops: coffee, sugar, cacao, livestock...
...Principal cities: Asuncion (capital, 210,000), Encarnacion (33,000...
...Population: 3.2 million...
...Portuguese-speaking...
...Recent history: Overthrow of corrupt strong-man Paul Magloire in 1956 led to long bloody interregnum from which Duvalier, with Army support, finally emerged triumphant and repressed his main foes...
...Peru: Area: 514,000 sq...
...Mineral resources: tin (15% of world output), silver, copper, lead, zinc, antinomy, wolfram, gold, petroleum...
...Dictator: Fulgencio Batista, seized power 1952...
...Chief industries: lumber, mining...
...U. S. investments, page 32...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Recent history: Under the postwar leadership of Luis Battle Berres of the liberal Colorado party, Uruguay has continued to set the pace as the most stable and socially-advanced democracy of the Hemisphere...
...Mineral resources: «4 silver (31 % of world production), petroleum, gold, copper, lead, zinc, graphite, molybdenum...
...Mineral resources: silver, gold, copper, iron, lead, zinc...
...Population: 2.6 million...
...Principal cities: La Paz (capital, 321,000), Cochabamba (80,000...
...Since the election of Kubitschek, normal democratic processes have been restored...
...The PRI left wing is led by former President Lazaro Cardenas, who nationalized oilwells in 1937...
...Mario Echandi, conservative, elected 1958...
...Chief crops: Rice, bananas, cocoa, balsa wood, cereals, potatoes, fruits, coffee...
...Chief industry: shipping (fourth in world...
...Chief crops: coffee (supplies 60 % of U.S...
...Chief crops: coffee, bananas, cocoa, abaca, corn, sugar...
...Money: colon, U.S...
...5.3c...
...Mineral resources: petroleum, iron, gold, copper, coal, salt, tin, manganese...
...Coups within the ruling party in 1948, 1949 and 1954...
...Mineral resources: iron, copper, manganese, nickel...
...Recent history: A succession crisis followed the suicide of Getulio Vargas (dictator, 193045 and 1951-54), in which there were three Acting Presidents in 14 months...
...Chief industries: rum, alcohol, chocolate...
...Chief crops: coffee (second largest exporter), rice, tobacco, cotton, cocoa, sugar, lumber, rubber...
...Principal cities: Lima (capital, 1 million), Arequipa (120,000...
...Uruguay: Area: 72,000 sq...
...Venezuela: Area: 352,150 sq...
...consumpiton), sugar (world's second leading producer), hogs (second leading), cattle, cotton, rice, cocoa, fruit...
...Chief industries: iron and steel, textiles, flour, beverages, soap, cigarettes and cigars, paper and rubber products, handicrafts...
...President: Dr...
...Recent history: Conservative-Liberal civil strife (1948-53) led to dictatorship of General Rojas Pinilla, overthrown in 1957...
...Recent history: First Conservative administration in 60 years, narrowly elected in four-cornered race, has improved highways, railroads, industry with U.S...
...President: Dr...
...Principal cities: Caracas (capital, 1.1 million), Maracaibo (390,000...
...Mineral resources: gold, silver...
...EI Salvador: Area: 8,000 sq...
...Principal cities: Mexico City (capital, 3.8 million), Guadalajara (380,000), Monterrey (340,000...
...Principal cities: San Salvador (capital, 194,000), Santa Ana (110,000...
...Principal cities: Montevideo (capital, 900,000...
...President: Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Party of Revolutionary Institutions, elected 1958...
...United States share in trade, page 29...
...Chief crops: bananas, coffee, sugar cane, cotton, fruit, animal products...
...Recent history: Democratic revolution led by Juan Jos...
...Chief crops: meat, wool, hides, corn, wheat, fruits, rice, tobacco...
...Conservatives and Liberals have agreed to 12-year joint administration...
...1. Chief crops: mahogany, bananas, coffee, rice, pineapples, sugar...
...Presidential election scheduled for December 7, 1958...
...Recent history: Trujillo, personally and through relatives, has ruled since 1930 with the aid of considerable terror against opponents at home and abroad...
...Costa Rica: Area: 23,000 sq...
...Money: boliviano...
...Figueres promoted education, housing, health...
...Mineral resources: manganese, oil, monazite, gold, mica, oil...
...Recent history: Better relations with neighboring countries and somewhat more civil freedom under son than father...
...Mineral resources: vanadium, copper, petroleum...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Principal cities: Sao Paulo (3.1 million), Rio de Janeiro (capital, 2.9 million), Salvador (523,000), Porto Alegre (504,000...
...Population: 31 million...
...President: Alberto Lieras Camargo, Liberal, elected 1958...
...Chief industries: meat-packing, textile, wine-making...
...Principal cities: Buenos Aires (capital, 3.5 million), Rosario (467,000), Cordoba (450,000...
...Principal cities: Managua (capital, 141,941...
...0.8c...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Mineral resources: emeralds, gold, silver, copper, lead, petroleum...
...6.6c...
...Mineral resources: gold, silver, quartz...
...Chief crops: corn, mandioca, cotton, beans, peanuts, tobacco, fruits, livestock...
...In 1958 Presidential election, Popular Front candidate placed strong second...
...President: Dr...
...Dictator: Rafael L. Trujillo...
...Dominican Republic: Area: 19,000 sq...
...Argentina: Area: 1.1 million sq...
...Principal cities: Tegucigalpa (capital, 100,000...
...Recent history: After overthrow of corrupt dictatorship in 1948, moderate socialist governments under Otilio Ulate and Jos...
...foreign trade, page 26...
...Recent history: Since the social revolution of 1910-17, democracy has operated within the governing party, which has elected one-term, six-year Presidents in orderly succession and has made steady progress in modernizing the economy...
...Population: 1.2 million...
...Money: sucre, U.S...
...Brazil: Area: 3.2 million sq...
...Population: 3.7 million...
...Honduras: Area: 43,000 sq...
...French-speaking...
...Cuba: Area: 44,000 sq...
...Principal cities: Guatemala City (capital, 294,000), Quezaltenango (27,000...
...Money: colon, U.S...
...Guatemala: Area: 42,000 sq...
...Recent history: Six-year Presidency of General Carlos Ibanez saw efforts to curb rampant inflation...
...Mineral resources: nitrates, copper, iron, coal, gold, silver, cobalt, zinc, manganese...
...Money: peso, U. S. 5.5c...
...Population: 1 million...
...Principal cities: Panama City (capital, 127,000), Colon (52,000...
...Population: 19.8 million...
...Chief crops: bananas, coconuts, hardwoods, coffee, tobacco...
...Money: cruzeiro, U.S...
...Chief crops: Wheat, corn, barley, rye, linseed, oats, sugar, wine, cotton, animal products...
...the right wing by former President Miguel Aleman (1946-52...
...Nicaragua: Area: 57,000 sq...
...Ramon Villeda Morales, Liberal, elected 1957...
...Money: sol, U.S...
...U. S. technical assistance and economic aid, by country and activity, pages 37 and 38...
...President: General Manuel Ydigoras, elected 1958...
...President: Juscelino Kubitschek, Social Democrat (conservative), elected 1955...
...Chief industries: meat-packing, flour milling, shipping...
...Chief crops: sugar, cacao, molasses, coffee, rice, corn, tobacco...
...Chief industries: cement, edible oils, textiles, hats, sugar, chemical products...
...5.4c...
...Chief industries: mining, steel...
...Principal cities: Guayaquil (350,000), Quito (capital, 250,000...
...Chief crops: potatoes, cacao, coffey, barley, highland rice, rubber and chinchona bark...
...Money: bolivar, U.S...
...Chief industry: mining...
...Chief crops: dairy, wheat, rice, barley, oats, fruits, wine...
...Maria Lemus, elected unopposed 1956...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Chief industries: cigar manufacturing, textiles...
...Chief crops: sugar cane (world's leading producer), tobacco, molasses, coffee, pineapples, bananas, woods...
...Chief crops: coffee, sisal (half the world's supply), corn, rice, sugar, wheat, tobacco, cotton, animal products...
...APPENDIX Basic Facts About Latin American Countries The following facts have been gathered by the staff of THE NEW LEADER to supplement the statistics accompanying Dr...
...Embassy encouragement under Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas, who ruled from 1944 until his assassination in 1957...
...Principal cities: Port au Prince (capital, 195,000), Aux Cayes (195,000...
...Money: lempira, U.S...
...Population: 1.7 million...
...Principal city: Ciudad Trujillo (capital, 250,000—called Santo Domingo 1496-1936...
...Manuel Prado, elected 1956...
...President: Council system on Swiss model since 1951...
...Principal cities: Santiago (capital, 1.5 million), Valparaiso (222,000...
...Principal cities: Bogota (capital, 1.1 million), Medellin (545,000...
...After a fraudulent election in 1957 resulted in street demonstrations, new elections saw conservative Ydigoras, with leftist backing, defeat Government candidate...
...Chief crops: coffee, sisal, cotton, sugar, bananas, cocoa, tobacco, Mineral resources: copper, gold, silver, iron...
...Population: 6 million...
...Recent history: Julio Lozano Diaz ruled without Parliament from 1954 to 1956, when he was overthrown by military junta, which summoned new Constituent Assembly in 1957...
...Chief crops: cotton, sugar, wheat, corn, rice, animal products...
...Chiej crops: coffee, henequen, sugar, cotton, balsam...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Mineral resources: silver, petroleum, copper, iron, lead...
...Money: peso, U.S...
...Recent history: Mass revolution in 1952 overthrew military junta and established MN R government under Victor Paz Estenssoro, which nationalized mines and promoted agrarian reform, economic evdirsification, welfare of rural Indians...
...0.1c...
...Population: 3.3 million...
...Provisional Government under General Pedro Aramburu, after arranging freely-elected Constituent, Assembly to revise Constitution, withdrew in favor of elected President and Congress...
...capital, 123,000...
Vol. 41 • November 1958 • No. 43
