National Reports
PORTER", "WILLIAM PETERSON, IRVING PFLAUM, RALPH W.
NATIONAL REPORTS Colorado U Students Welcome Hungarians By William Petersen Boulder It was a strange and touching ceremony. The young man spoke with a heavy accent, and the other three members...
...The young man, one of the Hungarian students recently enrolled in the University of Colorado, was offering the University a token of their thanks, a Hungarian tricolor...
...Even if their board and lodging, and their tuition, are provided free, money is needed for books, for food over the weekends when the dormitory dining rooms are closed, for clothes, for incidentals...
...The World University Service, months after it had agreed to route Hungarian students to this university, has yet to send its first...
...Nevertheless, attorneys of the Illinois Division of the American Civil Liberties Union publicly scolded him for unconstitutional methods in obtaining the Grimes confession...
...Republican Representative George W. Porter proposed a gross-receipts tax, similar to those in Illinois and Indiana, on the ground that much of the taxes paid could be taken off the retailers' Federal income taxes...
...Now, even his opponents laud his courage in advocating such a controversial levy...
...Some have expressed concern lest cities and towns spend their share without adequate property-tax relief...
...And for perhaps the first time in Massachusetts history, major employer groups are organizing to back a Democratic Governor...
...Two of the Hungarian students are married, and the housing facilities that the Committee had arranged were not suitable for them...
...More than half of the 29 places of free board and lodging go unfilled, kept open because of the commitment to WUS...
...A sales levy is regarded as the last major tax source available, outside of a graduated income tax...
...One Hungarian couple is now living, completely rent-free for as long as they need it, in a furnished five-room house, which the Committee members helped clean and repaint...
...Not all problems have been solved, however...
...In ordinary circumstances, foreign students are required to have a basic knowledge of English before they are admitted to the University, and there was no provision for meeting this new problem...
...They want spending curbs spelled out...
...And there seems little doubt that Lohman countenanced brainwashing techniques of the kind he had studied in Korea...
...Reputable University of Illinois scientists disputed Lohman's confession...
...There were also disputes over scar tissue...
...The Mayor no doubt would be displeased with a sheriff who insisted that the two girls were bad ones, when pathology, the mother and a GOP coroner insisted they were not...
...None of them have any political affiliation or even any specific political bent, apart from their intense hatred of world Communism...
...He and his deputies pursued it quite alone until ihey had brainwashed a young alcoholic Skid Row dishwasher into confessing the slayiugs...
...Paul H. Douglas, now in his second term as U.S...
...A major conflict in the case concerns what the girls did before they died...
...He was and is a firm advocate of civil liberty in all its ramifications...
...Others said there were signs of torture on the bodies...
...It was suggested they froze to death...
...Amazingly, they found 29 such places almost immediately...
...The issue may prove a major test of political strength between Governor Furcolo and Senator Powers, who in the past has been generally able to maintain firm control of the Democratic Senate minority and sometimes pick up Republican help...
...Several of them, who still have relatives in Hungary, are known only by first names...
...Such a development, they say, would leave the state and its municipalities in a more serious plight than ever...
...They went to all the dormitories, the fraternities and sororities, the religious and social clubs, the private boarding houses, in an effort to find free board and lodging for Hungarian students...
...The Hungarian Student Aid Committee is now in the process of contacting various Colorado personages and foundations, in the hope that they will be able to raise this needed money...
...The flag, though brand new and made of heavy, expensive silk, had a large hole in the middle of it—just like the freedom flags of the Hungarian revolution, it was explained...
...But William V. Ward, president of the Massachusetts State Council, American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employes, AFL-CIO, is backing it along with some other labor leaders...
...But the attractiveness of the plan dimmed sharply when tax experts claimed it would require major revision of the state corporation tax...
...Lohman swore in as his deputy the Republican coroners chief investigator who had revealed the police lab findings to the public...
...For the first step of this people fighting for national liberation had been to cut the hammer and sickle, that symbol of 20th-century tyranny, out of their national emblem...
...The Hungarians arrived completely penniless...
...Said the new deputv: "Now I'll he able to do a job without interference and politics getting in my way...
...In a previous murder, of three young boys, clues were spoiled or overlooked and there was a general snafu which no doubt helped the killer escape detection...
...The confession and hence Loh-man (as well as a suppressed police laboratory test and a fired coroner's investigator) declared that the girls had committed sexual indiscretions, apparently of the voluntary kind...
...He fired his students with such enthusiasm for the Hungarian cause that they decided, then and there, to do what they could to help...
...And this surely is the work of an evil spirit, for Lohman is a bright, energetic, honest quasi-scholar of a type that should be encouraged in politics...
...Many legislators are sitting on the fence until a formula is presented for distribution of the levy's proceeds...
...The sulking University of Chicago sociologist seemed to be sticking by his Skid Row suspect, the confession and the suppressed police lab report indicating one of the girls was not a virgin, and that she had been involved in sexual acts shortly before her death...
...Thus, it was argued, the consumer would have to pay only part of the tax through higher prices...
...The stage was set, and—as so often happens with this kind of play—the actors did not walk onto it...
...Most of the students are Roman Catholic...
...During the election campaign last fall, Mr...
...The tragedy is magnified by its implications...
...The Professor and the Grimes Murder By Irving Pflaum Chicago There seems to be an evil spirit haunting this lake-front metropolis which devotes much of its time to discouraging able, honorable public servants...
...The University of Chicago neighborhood, now largely Negro, has offered the City Council first Douglas, then Merriam and now a bright and wealthy labor lawyer named Leon Despres, all nonprofessional intellectuals...
...Small as this program may seem, it is to my knowledge the most ambitious and, thus far, the most successful on any American campus...
...The University's Board of Regents was sufficiently impressed by this record to want to match it: It waived all tuition fees for as many Hungarian students as the Committee could find housing for...
...The twelve Hungarian students at Boulder all came either through the Committee's own direct efforts—one of its members went to visit Camp Kilmer —or by accident...
...one feature of the latter setup allows a company to pay a tax on gross receipts in lieu of other taxes...
...Gladys Yohe of the English Department set up an intensive beginners' course, to which she has devoted much more than the time and effort for which she is paid...
...They fear the additional revenue may be siphoned off by PTA pressure for more schools and higher teacher salaries, as well as a demand from all municipal employes for pay hikes...
...Bay State Governor Seeks Sales Tax By Ralph W Porter Boston Massachusetts is witnessing a paradox—a Democratic Governor campaigning for a sales tax against the expressed wish of many of the groups that supported him...
...the very clothes they were wearing were usually not their own...
...This small group of amateurs, able to organize their end very efficiently, then became enmeshed in the ponderous workings of governmental and voluntary-agency bureaucracies...
...Senator...
...The Committee advertised in the local newspaper for help from the townspeople, and got it...
...Rozek had served as an officer in the London Polish army, and he received his graduate training at Harvard's Russian Research Center...
...It began last November, when Professor Edward Rozek of the Political Science Department interrupted his courses to interpret for his students the empire-shaking events in Hungary...
...the sex acts, and the torture theory...
...he understands rather well the relation between the Soviet Union and her East European allies...
...The two together would make Massachusetts an intolerable high-tax state...
...Unfortunately, the confession was repudiated and the reports of scientists after autopsy strongly suggested the confession was totally false...
...The Lohman fiasco in the Grimes case, enlarged by a feud between Lohman and some local newspapermen and photographers, seems likely to discourage the machine leaders and make it much more difficult for non-professional reformers to get a hearing at ticket-making time...
...During the rest of the week, the students sit in on courses that they will take next term for credit—engineering, pre-medical subjects, history, business administration, or whatever...
...Kenneth J. Kelley, secretary-treasurer and legislative agent of the Massachusetts Federation of Labor, and J. William Belanger, president of the Massachusetts State CIO, are lined up against the sales tax...
...Apparently he meant Republican politics, implying that Lohman, a Democrat, would not stand for such interference, religious or otherwise...
...The pathologists, the coroner and, of course, the girls' good Roman Catholic mother and friends insisted the victims died as virgins, within hours of their appearance at a movie...
...Lohman, the scientific cop, struck the first hot clue in the Grimes case...
...He was expert in race relations, in the theory and practice of harmonious urban life for neighbors of white and colored skins and Northern and Southern backgrounds...
...Organized labor's ranks are split...
...They decided that, as students, they should concentrate on trying to help Hungarian student refugees finish their education...
...The girls had disappeared weeks earlier after visiting a neighborhood movie...
...Most knew no English when they arrived, and the first task was to teach them this...
...Some Republican legislators have indicated tentative approval of the Governor's plan, but they are not going to be maneuvered into carrying the sales-tax ball in the Legislature and thus bear the brunt of any voter displeasure at the polls...
...Until they get established and at least learn the language of the country, the Hungarians are not able to earn money on their own...
...Some insisted it was the work of animals during the many days the bodies rested on the ground...
...Furcolo branded the sales tax as one of the least desirable means of raising revenue...
...The Associated Industries of Massachusetts and the New England Council are supporting the proposal...
...For the local Democratic bosses have diligently sought out non-professionals of the Lohman type, who are willing to promise the professionals their "rights"—reasonable patronage and "legitimate" graft...
...Latest in the long line of discouraged would-be politicos is Joseph D. Lohman, 47, former University of Chicago sociologist, now sheriff of Cook County...
...Mayor Hynes of Boston and Mayor O'Brien of Worcester have swung behind the Governor, and other mayors are expected to fall in line...
...Besides, he points out, proposed changes in the income tax could not become effective until 1961 or 1962 and the emergency cannot wait that long for a solution...
...There are now twelve Hungarian refugees enrolled as students in the University of Colorado, and the story of how they got there is worth telling...
...Lohman thus was hoisted aloft by his own haste, to become the victim of press and public ridicule...
...The twelve Hungarians who have arrived all came from Budapest, where they all played some part in the revolution...
...and the onetime Democratic hopeful, Robert Merriam, now in President Eisenhower's Budget Bureau after trying to beat Daley for Mayor...
...They sought and got the encouragement and moral support of Ferenc Nagy, the former Hungarian Premier...
...Yet Lohman is the creature of the Democratic city and county machine, led at the moment by Mayor Richard Daley...
...Before they left the classroom, they elected a Hungarian Student Aid Committee, and these eight young men and women have since been spending all their spare time enlisting support for the Budapest revolt in this rather remote corner of the Mountain West...
...Early in January, Governor Foster Furcolo came out in favor of the sales levy, although he had been in office hardly long enough to warm his chair in the State House—and a sales tax has long been considered political suicide in Massachusetts...
...This is hardly good politics in Cook County, and perhaps not good police work or pathology either...
...Lohman has law enforcement jurisdiction in the city of Chicago, its suburbs and nearby towns, wherein live some 4.5 million souls...
...While many observers believe the sales tax, presented as a $112.5-million-a-year solution to pressing state and local financial problems, has a 50-50 prospect of passage through the Legislature, it is being vigorously opposed by a bloc of Democratic Senators led by Senate minority leader John E. Powers...
...The young man spoke with a heavy accent, and the other three members of the committee barely understood what was going on...
...Among the beneficiaries, at one time or another, are Adlai E. Stevenson, who became Governor...
...Lohman, however, appeared committed to this thesis and to other policies likely to send him back to the University and not forward politically as he hoped...
...They estimate that each student requires, in addition to the room and board that is provided free, $135 per semester for books and other educational requirements and $30 to $50 a month for personal needs...
...He says the only alternative to the 3-per-cent sales tax would be to double the present state income tax and "I am against that...
...Lohman's troubles stem from the brutal murder of the young Grimes sisters, Patricia (13) and Barbara (15), whose nude and frozen bodies were found in a ditch near a county side-road...
...As in all such matters, the overlapping of jurisdiction—Chicago police, county coroner, sheriff—led to confusion and duplication...
...one couple is Jewish...
...They are asking for a total of $12,000, which will be enough to see 30 to 35 students through their complete education on a very modest budget...
...Some $75 million of the expected $112.5 million annual revenue would be distributed to the cities and towns...
...The housing of the second couple, who are Jews, has been subsidized by the Newman Club, the Catholic student organization...
Vol. 40 • March 1957 • No. 9
