ATLANTIC CHARTER-ATLANTIC PACT
DALLIN, DAVID J.
Atlantic Charter—Atlantic Pact By David J. Dallin Author of "The Real Soviet Russia" THE SEVEN YEARS between the Atlantic Charter and the Atlantic Pact have been replete with blood, sweat, and...
...Dulles \hc "number one warmonger" on Mr Vyshinsky's blacklist and in all Communist publications...
...George Counts, and Bertram D. Wolfe...
...Something may happen—and tins is more than probable —to knock the Yugoslav cork out of the Balkan bottle...
...Since your name, is listed as a sponsor of this Congress, I am appealing to you to support my request that I be permitted to read a paper at the plenary session...
...Shapley...
...all including Dr...
...2. There are no "class truths" or "party truths" in science...
...NOT ONLY HAVE I been refused permission to present a paper at any of the sessions, but 1 have also been refused permission to lead the discussion at the plenary session...
...THE CONCEPT of a "neutral belt" between the two worlds as'sumes that the Soviet power would leave the buffer tier'as inviolable as would the West...
...and failures, disappointments, disillusionment, and severe defeats among superb victories...
...He refused to enter an alliance (which is both objectively and in hi.own opinion purely defensive) il Messrs...
...The reasons for the counter-demonstration are best set forth in a letter Prof...
...The wording is vague and uncertain an obvious result of endless compromises...
...Herman Muller...
...Tiie Tito regime and contageous Titoism in the satellite states have hampered Soviet activities for the last ten months...
...Since 1945, it has penetruted deep into Sinkiang, in Western China, although no danger of any kind could threaten Russia from that side...
...Second, it has become a psychological reflex, almost a mania, in Moscow that Soviet prestige and power demand bellicose gestures and far-reaching actions whenever the West makes a move, albeit a defensive once...
...Herbert Davis and Guy Emery Shipler, requested Professor Shapley that I be given an opportunity to be heard...
...Are not the Czech Communists right...
...If, for instance, an Amci ican plane were to lie attacked in the Berlin corridor and Washington were to decide that this constituted an aimed attack the continental powers would be free to determine whether they would wish to join the United Slates in militar> action or to keep neutral, In such a cast- the cautious wording, chosen to conform with tlie American Constitution, would backfire on the United States and might well cost the Ameiiean people a lot of their own blood...
...Who can predict today who will stand to gain and who to lose from the cautious term...
...The letter follows.] IAM WRITING to you once more about the Cultural and Scientific Conference for World Peace which is meeting at the Waldorf Astoria, New York City, March 2"> and 26...
...Neither John-Dewey nor Ernest Nagel nor Horace Kallen nor James T. Farrell nor John Dos Passos nor F^lmund Wilson nor Meyer Schapiro nor scores of others have been invited to this Congress for World Peace...
...THIS IS the significance of the Atlantic Pact, whatever its wording...
...Was not Mr...
...will be Prof...
...Atlantic Charter—Atlantic Pact By David J. Dallin Author of "The Real Soviet Russia" THE SEVEN YEARS between the Atlantic Charter and the Atlantic Pact have been replete with blood, sweat, and tears...
...The Atlantic Charter broke down, and its successor—the United Nationstits prostrate and impotent...
...consultation may or may not lead to any action...
...Professor H. Muller, American geneticist and Nobel Prize Winner, has nol been invited but A. Oparin, Acting Secretary of the Biological Section of the Soviet Academy of Science who moved to expel Prof...
...that there are no more channel- for Trojan horses and fifth columns...
...Yet they will not necessarily react as if they themselves had been attacked...
...No less a personality than John Foster Dulles sired a theory that the Atlantic Pact should not be extended to the Scandinavian countries so as not to irritate Stalin's government...
...that there are no opportunities for new Soviet conquests...
...Yalta was a welter of blunders, and Potsdam was codified folly...
...In this way, Scandinavia, Germany...
...The spirit is virile and self-assured...
...Not long ago the same slogan read, "Let us appease the Soviet Union...
...Speakers at the rally, which starts at 3 p. m...
...Austria, Turkey, Iran, and some others should be consciously kept out of any power combination headed by either the Soviet Union or the United States It would irritate the Soviet Union this lino of argument goes on if the feelers of a Western power were to extend to the border* of one of its "recognized" satellites...
...First, at this juncture of international relations, the Kremlin is determined to have the last word in any affair...
...Whatever the Soviet reaction will be, the Atlantic Pact is a wise and necessary treaty...
...These are Norway and Denmark...
...IF THE SECURITY of one of the parties to the Atlantic treaty is threat ened, all signatories are obliged to "consult together...
...Muller front the Soviet Academy of Science because of Ids criticisms of Lysenko lias been united...
...Any any rate, it seems to me highly desirable for the sake of your own good name to insist that the point of view I have expressed in my paper be presented at the Conference and that a place be made for me on the program...
...It seems to me that the cause of peace would be better served if independent persons like yourself make the sharpest dissociation from any individuals or groups whose main interest is in furthering the interests of Soviet foreign policy...
...Shapley are organizers and sponsors of the Cultural and Scientific Conference for World Peace...
...I shall appreciate it if you will send me a copy of your communication to Dr...
...In order to prevent a clash of these two worlds, a belt of buffer states must be left or created between the "two worlds...
...it would know how to camouflage its actions so as to make the issue controversial and to start a movement in each western capital to prevent conceited action by the members of the Atlantic Pact...
...Shapley accepted...
...In this paper I wished to defend tthree theses which seemed to rue of the greatest importance today...
...One possible move is closer union with tl\o satellites...
...The belief that there is confuses the objective evidence for a theory which, if warranted, is universally valid with the uses, good, bad or indifferent, that are made of it...
...Molotov and Vysliinsky term it aggressive...
...Open Letter to Thomas Mann [Saturday, anti-totalitarian liberals will answer the Communist-run Cultural and Scientific Conference for World Peace with a mass demonstration at New York's Freedom House...
...This is pre...
...Perhaps they don't know in Moscow what sort of retaliation to dish up...
...During several months of preliminary negotiations the point was debated under a veil of secrecy whether or not Russia's neighbors shuold be invited to join and have their security guaranteed...
...Had it been signed in 194...
...Let us not irritate Stalin...
...American armies were dis charged, aviation immobilized, artillery destroyed, military supplier worth hundred:of millions of dollars went up in bonfires in western Europe '* And now, when all this is done, .new bombers and fighter-planes must leave assembly lines by the hundreds: luissttes and planes of unprecedented power are agairi being produced, secret ammunition dumps are being filled, and the best military brains of all nations are bent over new blueprints of offensives, defensives, and invasions...
...The foremost imperialist power of our days scored a signal success in holding oiT this inevitable development until 194...
...At a church parley in Cleveland, Mr...
...If a power for instance, the Soviet Union -should choose to go ahead, it would certainly make use of these provisioni of the Fact...
...I requested at least, fifteen minutes...
...I have been refused permission to present a paper by the controlling group of the conference...
...Yet, undoubtedly, all timid souls in this countey will shower their heads with ashes and accuse the Western governments of "provoking war...
...The Soviet Union Was not menaced by Turkey at the end of the war, yet it demanded both the Straits and a large chunk of territory adjoining its Caucasian border...
...successes and triumphs in war...
...of the peace policy of Russia...
...Since writing the above I have discovered that the Americans who were appointed to the Continuations Committee of the Wrocliw-Breslau Conference last summer were Dr...
...I sincerely hope that thi is not true...
...Dulles demanded that a "great gulf" divide the American military from the political leadership...
...IT IS A SIGN of remarkable progress that two nations living in the immediate vicinity of Russia have been taken in as members of the Pact...
...Dulles went far in explaining this policy: "No defensive alliance," he said, "should be entered into which might well appear aggressive to Russia...
...If another similar pact for the Mediterranean and the Near East is added, and a third pact guarantees stability in tlie Pacific area, the expanding and explosive Soviet power will finally have to realize that there are no more breaches left in the wall of bayonets eitnd machine-guns surrounding it on all fionts...
...The New Y'o>7> Times of March 4th reports Hie resignation of Professor Irwin Kdnian of Columbia University from the sponsoring committee o' the Congress on grounds that it is designed to promote "the Communis point of view or one closely approximating to it...
...Sidney Hook...
...cisel.v the thesis of all I he I'luidtix in the various capitals of the Soviet empire and all its mouthpieces all over the world...
...Or an international conference, a> for instance on Austria, will be broken up...
...No wonder that the Communist .SYobodite Slum in Prague entitled its editorial, "The Conversion of John Foster Dulles...
...Yet tacts have shown that Moscow strives to fill any vacuum and absorb into its sphcru any territory left unprotected and insecure...
...No arrangements have been made, apparently, by the Program Committee to have the point of view which I represent presented to the Congress...
...Harlow Shapley, Howard Fast, Jo Davidson, and Albert K. Kahn, a notorious card-holding Communist, and member of the Executive Committee of the New York State Communist Party...
...Hard blows and costly lessons were required to bring about this revolutionary change and convince the peoples of the world that no charters, resolutions, and kindly persuasion could suffice to stop :i power set on forcible expansion and the destruction of the independence of other peoples...
...Only the Ameircan guai anty to Turkey and the supply of , arms, which virtually amounted to an American Turkish alliance, stopped Soviet endeavors in this direction, Soviet power penetrated into northern Iran, then withdrew, but now seems to prepare a new blow...
...Sidney Hook...
...Stalin may decide that it is now time to reconquer a country which was already under its control, which has slipped out, gone astray and now impedes all action in southeastern Eui ope and especially in regard to Italy...
...These neutral nations should not belong to either of the two great coalitions...
...MAKING ONE further step toward the appeasement of Moscow, Mi Dulles stated that, in Ins view, "final responsibility for peace or tlie third world war rests squarely on the shoulders of American statesmanship...
...01 lit-46, untold millions could have been saved from subjugation...
...Further, no person who has in recent years ever spoken a critical word against all varieties of totalitarianism, including Stalin's, has been invited to participate in the actual program of the Congress...
...I am asking you to send me a copy of any telegrams or letters you address to the Conference because Professor Edman's letter of resignation was suppressed by tlie Organizing Committee and he was compelled to make it public himself...
...And this despite the fact that some members of the Program Committee, including Drs...
...Reiterating the attacks of the Stalin supporters against Gen Lucius Clay and other "bt asshoads," Mr...
...Hook wrote to Thomas Mann a few days ago...
...I am confident that although you are listed as a sponsor of the Conference, your name was procured under false pretenses...
...Max Eastman...
...witruMW seme Soviet action which would have" come anyhow but for which the new pact provides a welcome pretext...
...3, The cause of international scientific cooperation and peace has been very seriously undermined by the influence of doctrines which uphold the notion that there are "national" or "class" or "party" truths in science...
...All except Dr...
...Perhaps a new move in Berlin or Eastern Germany will follow...
...of the treaty...
...We wil...
...The concept underlying this outlook, which anv sensible man would have deemed dead and buried, is as follows: There is the Soviet world extending over Europe and Asia, and there is another world of the West, the Mediterranean and the Pacific...
...Indeed, the Atlantic Pact comes three years too late...
...It signifies considerable progress on the road toward^ sound and realistic international policies...
...J. There are no "national truths" In science, and that it is only by its deficiencies that a science can ever become the science of one nation or another...
...Further, J have identified by actual count more than ninety well known fellowtravelers of tlie Communist Party line, of the order of Corliss Lamont and Harry Ward, in the list of sponsors as published on the official stationery of the Conference...
...The climate of the Pact and the spirit of its signatories are more important than its contents...
...In case "an armed attack has occurred against one of them," the others Will consider it "as an attack against all of them...
...4 THERE MUST BE no doubt that Moscow will react violently to the North Atlantic Pact and that is already preparing an important move...
...The Atlantic Pact is to the Atlantic Charter as manhood is to childhood...
...and described the Cleveland Congress of Protestant Churches as a "success...
...Hut the way this Congress has been organized and my expert ence with it suggests that it is on the order of Wroclaw-Breslau...
...Nobel Prize winning geneticist...
...Final decision is left to the individual powers and will not be taken until after an attack has taken place...
Vol. 32 • March 1949 • No. 13
