"THE GOUZENKO STORY" ATOM WAR PRELUDE?
"THE GOUZENKO STORY" Based on Official, Secret Documents 1COR GOUZENKO arrived in Canada in June, 1°43, to act as cipher clerk for the Military Attache, Colonel Zabotin, who came at the...
...Walsh asked for their identification cards and they identified themselves is:— Vital* G. Pavlov, 2nd Secretary...
...It was later established that I. Couzenko robbed some money belonging to the Embassy and had hidden himself together with his family...
...Pavlov took an ordinary door key out of his pocket and locked the ordinary lock in the door, the Yale lock of course being out of commission...
...When Mr...
...Couzenko's duty was to decipher messages from Moscow for the Military Attache and to encipher Zabotin's messages for transmission to Moscow...
...The reference in the above note to Gouzenko as a capital criminal may be noted...
...To many Soviet people here abroad, ifis clear that the Communist Party in democratic countries has changed long ago from a political party into an agency net of the Soviet Government, into a fifth col unn in these countries to meet a war, into an instrument in the hands of the Soviet Government for creating artificial unrest, provocation, etc., etc...
...He was also greatly impressed with the freedom of elections in Canada and the contrast between the freedom of nominating candidates and voting in Canada and the system which he bad known in Russia, where one name only appeared on the ballot...
...This is a lie...
...We reproduce that statement here:— I, Igor Gouzenko, wish to make the following statement of my own will: "Having arrived in Canada two years ago, I was surprised during the first days by the complete freedom of the individual which exists in Canada but docs not exist in Russia...
...As the result of the request for ihe assistance of the municipal police, two constables, Walsh and McCulloch, in • prowler car were tent to the apartment and arrived there sometime after 7:00 p m. They interviewed Gouzenko In Apartment 6 and he told them he was a member of the Russian Embassy and had information of value to Canada...
...MaJ...
...He says that he had not been long in the apartment, which is No...
...While creating a false picture of the conditio)'' «'f life in these countries, the Soviet Government si the same time is taking all measures to prevent the pen* pkM of democratic countries from knowing about the conditions of life in Russia...
...And in his last conversation to his men before his return he summed up the great Kremlin orientation for the work in Canada and the U.S.—"Yesterday they were allies, today they are neighbors, tomjrrow they will be our enemies...
...Ottawa, 7th September, 1945...
...He was born in 1919 in Russia...
...On returning to his apartment he was evidently under some apprehension as to his personal safety and that of his wife and child...
...even its sober sub-title —"To Investigate the Facts Relating to and the Circumstances Surrounding the Communication, By Public Officials and Other Persons in Positions of Trust of Secret and Confidential Information to Agents of a Foreign Power"—has a touch of Eric Ambler and GraFtam Greene...
...Whoever he interviewed at the newspaper office did not art in accordance with his desire...
...These are the extracted highlights of "The Report of the Royal Commission" (Ottawa, 1946), a document which is shaking the major governments of two hemispheres...
...Actually the Comintern exists ami continues it* work, because the Soviet leaders have ¦ever relinquished the idea of establishing a Communist dictatorship throughout the world...
...As a result of this incident, Gouzenko became so apprehensive that he asked the N.C.O...
...McCulloch, on arriving with Walsh the first time, had been met by the R.C.A.F...
...7th of the fact that Gouzenko had robbed public funds, the Embassy, upon instructions from the Government of the U.S.S.R...
...It was in this school that he learned the secret codes he later employed...
...that the owner of the apartment had left town and was in Toronto and ihev had his permission to go into the apartment and get what they wanted...
...In the meantime it was to be kept on...
...Gousenko says that all persons of his category, at least, sent abroad, were given a "legend" for the purpose of covering the fact that they were engaged in intelligence work...
...His "documentation" took approximately six months to complete and included a very careful investigation...
...Just look at the Canadian spy report...
...In a note of the 14th of September, 1945, from the Russian Embassy to the Department of External Affairs, the following, as translated, appears: Confirming its communication in the Note No...
...Gouzenko never became a member of the Communist Party, but became a member of the Komsomol, or Young Communists, at the age of seventeen...
...When he was sent out from Russia he says he had the understanding that he was l«cir>^ seid out for a two or three-year perod...
...Arrangements were accordingly made that the police officers would keep the apartment building under surveillance and that, if their help was needed, the light in the bathroom of apartment 6 was to be turned out...
...which formerly, by reason of its preponderance »l representatives therein, had always been controlled by Russia, is now directed exclusively by the Ccnttal Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union...
...From here he was sent to the Main Intelligence Division of the Red Army in Moscow, and was then sent to the front in May, 1912, where he remained for about one year...
...We are satisfied that the suggestion that there was a theft of money was an afterthought...
...4 and paid the owner of the premises 15.00 therefor...
...The Embassy of the U.S.S.R...
...The facts about the brutal suppression of the freedom of speech, the mockery of the real religious feelings of the people, cannot penetrate into the democratic countries...
...6, on tho same floor, appeared and, on hearing the story, agreed to take the whole Gouzenko family for the night as she was alone in her apartment...
...The false representations about the democratic countries which are increasingly prolongated in Russia were dissipated daily, as no lying propaganda can stand up against facts...
...To meet this war, the Soviet Government is creating in democratic countries, including Canada, a fifth column, in the organization of which even diplomatic representatives of the Soviet Government take part...
...In the case of Gouzenko, he was attended to by one Goussarov, who later became one of the Secretaries of the Embassy at Ottawa...
...above...
...Holding forth at international conferences with voluble statements about peace and security, the Soviet Government is simultaneously preparing secretly for the third world war...
...Shortly after that someone knocked on his door and called his name...
...where he turned over his documents, told his story and asked to be kept in protective custody as he feared for his safety and (hat of his wife and child...
...Pavlov then said the premises were Russian property and they rould do as they liked...
...Shortly after the GPU-NKVD's successful atomic coup, Colonel Zabotin, Military Attache, received the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Red Star...
...During the last few weeks prior to his departure from the Embassy on the 5th of September, 1945, he ¦elected a number of documents which he left in their places in the files, the edges or corners of which he turned over in order that be might pick them out quickly at any time...
...So about that time I figured maybe we should go inside, so'we went into our apartment, and while in there he said he figured that the Russians were going to try to kill him and his wife, and that he wanted to be sure that somebody would look after his little boy if anything should happen to them...
...Gouzenko came over from his balcony and asked if he could speak with me...
...I am glad that I found the strength within myself to take this step and to warn Canada and the other democratic countries of the danger which hangs over ,hem" , n r i *V was under the influence rff such considerations ta we have mentioned, that Gouzenko finally decided to leave the Soviet service and to take with him documents which would establish the kind of activity being carried on under the cover of the Russian Embassy...
...35 of Sept...
...One, in uniform, identified as Lieutenant-Colonel Rogov, the Assistant Military Attache, Air, was in a closet just off the room into which the constables entered, which in the opinion of the constables he was engaged in ransacking...
...He has said, and we believe that he thinks, that any such ideas are not in the true interests of the Russian people themselves...
...if he, Gouzenko, and his wife rould also be taken in by them and they agreed to do that...
...To face their full implication would be to reorient all positions of international politics and diplomacy and face the great terrible truth— * 1—The Secret of the Atom-Bomb /a Out...
...One who turned out to be Vitali Pavlov, the Second Secretary and Consul of the Embassy proper, and bead of the N.K.V.D...
...Colonel Motinov...
...After this the apartment was opened by the above-mentioned colleagues of the Embassy with Gousenko's duplicate key, when it was discovered that neither Gouzenko, nor his wife, Svetliana Borisovno Gouzenko, nor their son Andrei, were in the apartment...
...He says there were two schools of thought there...
...It only remains to add that Pavlov settled for the damage done to the door and frame of apartment No...
...He also says that he had/seen how the Canadian people had sent supplies to the Soviet Union and collected money for the welfare of the Russian people, while all the time members of the Russian Embassy were developing under-cover espionage activity directed against Canada...
...what follows is the official source-material, selected from the voluminous materials in the archives, and edited only slightly for the purposes of condensation...
...Gouzenko, whose evidence we accept, denied it...
...Non-Commissioned Officer at the top of the stairs and, on McCulloch asking for Gouzenko, they were referred to apartment 6 and apartment 4 was indicated to them as Gouzenko s apartment...
...report this evidence without comment, except to say that we see no reason to doubt that Gouzenko has reported what he in fact heard, and that he regards what he heard as serious...
...Then they contiuued knocking, but, not getting any answer, went downstairs, as tin nigh to leave...
...I, on the door of which they knocked...
...But clearly: It is a matter of War or Peace in an age when a single military weapon can make a wasteland of Western society...
...He says that when lie arrived in Canada he was impressed by the complete freedom of the individual which he found existing, which was utterly foreign to his experience in Russia and foreign to the information which he had received in Russia as to life in the democratic countries...
...Ultimately however, in August, 1945, definite instructions came from Moscow that Gouzenko must return with his wife and child...
...For example, the fact that in elections in the Soviet Union one candidate is put forward, so that the possibilitiw of choice are eliminated, speaks for itself...
...No attempt was made by the police to hold them...
...Taking itno account least of all that this adventurous idea will cost millions of Russian lives, the ComTH^^ft are engendering hatred in the Russian people towards everything foreign...
...Asked as to vthat antagonist was considered in these conversations to be facing Russia, he says that capitalism still remained to be overthrown.' He further said that the announced abolition of the Comintern was merely.a sham...
...We may add that the evidence of the witnesses we have heard respecting the happenings of the 6th and 7th of September folly corroborates that of Gousenko...
...This is no mere literary matter...
...Gouzenko also had charge of a safe in the room where . he worked, in which papers of the Military Attache and members of his staff were kept from time to time, and it was part of his duty to burn such papers as Zabotin indicated should be destroyed...
...On the 5th of September he left the Embassy, with the documents, at about, 8:00 p. m. the first thing he did was to go immediately to ode of the daily newspapers published in the city, with the intention of asking that newspaper to publish hia decision and the reasons for reaching it...
...Convinced that such double-faced politics of the Soviet Government towards the democratic countries do not conform with the interests of the Russian people and endanger the security of civilization, I decided to break away from the Soviet regime and lo announce my decision openly...
...McCulloch tried the door of apartment 4 before proceeding to number six...
...The announcement of the dissolution of the Comintern was, probably, the greatest farce of the Communists in recent years...
...it is true that the Report reads like a melodrama...
...We think these circumstance* dispose of the theft suggestion...
...The Inspector ultimately arrived and sized up the situation...
...Both Constables, Walsh and McCulloch, as well as the Noncommissioned Officer of the R.C.A.F., all stated that the door of apartment 4 was locked and in good condition at the time of the previous visits of the constables...
...The door was not closed tight and the two constables entered and found the lights on and the four men evidently ransacking the apartment...
...Only the name was liquidated, with the object of reassuring public opinion in the democratic countries...
...He remarked, "I have nothing to be afraid now to go to Moscow...
...General Groves, chief of the Bomb's so-called Manhattan Project, confirmed the Royal investigation, remarking—"That is a most illuminating document, but one which no one in the United States seems interested in reading...
...He told the police officers be thought he was being trailed and he wanted protection...
...Instead of doing so, however, they returned quietly, knocked again, and then broke in the door and entered...
...So after a bit of a conference my wife and I decided we would look after him, because we didn't want to see him stuck with nobody to look after him should anything happen to them...
...What the Canadian people have accomplished and are accomplishing here under conditions of complete freedom—the Russian people, under the conditions of the Soviet resin* of violence and suppression of all freedom...
...4, when he noticed two men standing on the opposite side of the street who appeared to be keeping it under observation...
...Pavlov, who did practically all the talking, said they were Russians and they were looking for papers which belonged to the Russian Embassy...
...2—The Stalinist Ampmretme fa Gemred for Weir...
...I told him sure he could speak with me, if he had something to say...
...The Non-Commissioned Officer and his wife have both appeared and given evidence before us...
...The Russian people have the same understanding of freedom as all the peoples of the world...
...Having imposed its communist regime on the people, the Government of the Soviet Union asserts that the Russian people have, as it were, their own particular understanding of freedom and democracy, differeot from that which prevails among the peoples of the western democracies...
...The Soviet Government expresses the hope that the Government of Canada will fulfill ita request...
...You must have used i bit of pressure to get in and frofn the marka on the Jnor you did not put them there with your fingers...
...He asked the members of the Embassy to remain while he went out to make some inquiries, but while he was gone they left...
...Moscow's secret network snd the Communist undercover system succeeded through its agents—Government officials, Army snd Navy officers, scientists, secretaries, clerks—in obtaining substantial data on the energy processes in North America...
...This is the point under the dark shadow from which we must sll begin in the strugg% for world peace and world freedom...
...It will, perhaps be convenient that we should, at this point, deal with the facts leading up to the making of these disclosures by Couzenko...
...Couzenko is a young man, born in Russia in 1919...
...He said:— "Well, my family and I were out on our balcony at about 7 o'clock in the evening, between 7 and 7:30, and Mr...
...He holds the rank of Lieutenant in the Red Army and received special training in Russia leading up to his coming to this country...
...so he asked me if the wife and I would look after their little boy if anything should happen to him and his wife...
...According to him, it was not usual in peacetime to admit Young Communists to this Academy, but during the war, owing to shortage of suitable candidates, it was decided to admit Young Communists lor training...
...On coming out the back door of the R.C.A.F...
...On the morning of the 7th of September, Gousenko was taken to the office of the R.C.M.P...
...The Soviet authorities decided toward the end of 1942 to send Gouzenko abroad, but had not then decided to which country to send him...
...There is in the United States a dangerous conspiracy against the truth about the Atom-Bomb in all its aspects...
...During two years of life in Canada, I saw the r»> dence of what a free people can do...
...On the 8th of September, 1945, the Department of External Affairs received from the Soviet Embassy at Ottawa a note, dated September 7th...
...The Embassy asks the Department that it should be informed of action taken in relation to the...
...It is with a sincere sense of urgency that we make available in these pages for the first time in America facts which have been suppressed and ignored...
...All documents made up for use abroad by such an individual are made up from this "legend...
...General Leslie R. Groves told reporters recently in answer to the question: "Have the secrets of Atomic Energy been stolen...
...On leaving the newspaper office he proceeded to the apartment where he resided, •nd the next morning, September 6lh, he...
...Noncommissioned Officer's apartment, which opens on lo a balcony, both men saw a man walking along a lane at the back of the apartment house...
...asks the Department of External Affairs to take urgent measures to seek and arrest I. Gouzenko and to hand him over for deportation as a capital criminal, who has stolen money belonging to the Embassy...
...Next Weekt MOSCOW'S SECRET NETWORK AND THE COMMUNIST UNDERCOVER SYSTEM...
...This "legend" is a fictitious biography which the person concerned had to commit to memory...
...He was unable that day to have anyone accept him seriously...
...Between 11:30 and midnight four men arrived in the building and proceeded to Gouzenko's apartment, No...
...Nonstable MeCulloch testified that Pavlov said they had "lost the key but there was something in there ihry had to get...
...his wife and child, left the apartment to remain away until between 6:00 and 7:00 o'clock in the evening...
...of him by the N.K.V.D., the Russian Secret Police...
...man thereupon, on his dwn initiative, set off on his bicycle for police assistance...
...Walsh asked what the men were doing there...
...Pavlov knocked at the door of Gousenko's apartment no one answered...
...He says he recognized the voice of the person at the door as that of Under-Lieutenant Lavrentiev, one of the drivers for the Military Attache...
...The Embassy of the U.S.S.R...
...He was impressed with the things that were on sale in the stores and the fact that these things were there to be purchased by anybody who wanted to buy...
...The men in the hall asked if he knew where Gouzenko was, but he said he did not...
...that the work of the Coniintcio...
...At this juncture the wife of the tenant in another apartment, No...
...Owing to representations then made by Colonel Zabotin, this did not take place and Gouzenko was allowed to remain...
...On the 10th of October, 1945, he made a formal statement, upon which he was examined before us...
...Tbe final stage in such investigation of Soviet officials about to be sent abroad was the approval of the head of the Foreign Branch of the Central Executive Committee of the Communist Party, or one of hia assistants...
...There was a later caller at apartment 4 in the night but he retired in a short time without incident...
...I have, as a matter of fact, maintained the original text...
...He made a number of calls during the day to various official offices and called again upon the newspaper...
...In our opinion Gousenko, by what he has done, has rendered great public service to the people of this country, and thereby haa placed Canada in hi* debt...
...The First in a Series: Edited by Melvin J. Lasky THIS FIRST installment of "The Gouzenko Story," like the others which will follow, is based on the official testimony, evidence, and conclusions submitted to the government of Canada last summer when it was first learned that secrets of the Atom-Bomb had been stolen by agents of the Soviet Union...
...The last elections which took place recent I. »" Canada especially surprised me...
...The Noncommissioned Officer occupying apartment 5, thinking it was the police returning, opened his door...
...During my residence in Canada I have seen lu>w the Canadian people and their Government, sincerely wishing to help the Soviet people, sent supplies to the Soviet Union, collected money for the welfare of the IRussian people, sacrificing the lives of their sons in the delivery of these supplies across the ocean—and instead of gratitude for the help rendered, the Soviet Government is developing espionage activity in Canada, preparing to deliver a stsb in the back of Canada —all this without the knowledge of the Russian people...
...However, the Russian people cannot realize their dream of freedom and a democratic government on account of cruel terror and persecuation...
...By this means, inquiry in Moscow by representatives of foreign powers there, aa to the antecedents of such individuals, would be rendered fruitless...
...In Canada presents Ita compliments and haa the honor to inform the Department of External Affairs of the following: "A colleague of the Embassy, Igor Sergeievitch Gouzenko, living at 511 Somerset St., failed to report for work at the proper time on the 6th September...
...It seems pertinent at this point to amplify . . . Gouzenko's history...
...On September 7th, 1945, under circumstances hereinafter set out, Couzenko turned over to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police a number of papers from the Embassy relating to espionage activities of certain members of the Embassy, and made disclosure of the facts within his knowledge relating to the matter...
...Gouzenko, his wife and child, remained in apartment 6 for the rest of the night, under the care of the city police...
...Embassy U.5.5.H., 285 Charlotte Street, Lieutenant Angelov, Member of the staff of the Military Attache, Lieutenant-Colonel Rogov, Military Attache, Russian Air Force, Alexandre Farafnntnv...
...The Non-Commissioned Officer, who had in the meantime gone into his apartment, could hear this operation...
...In addition the Embassy brings to the attention of the Department of External Affairs the rude treatment accorded to the diplomatic colleagues of the Embassy by Constable Walsh and Inspector of the City Police Macdonald, and expresses its confidence that the Department will investigate this incident and will make those guilty answerable for their actions...
...The last named is one of the cipher clerks of the Embassy used by Pavlov for the purposes of his communications to and from Moscow...
...repeats its request to the Government of Canada to apprehend Gousenko and his wife, and without trial, to hand them over to the Embassy for deportation to the Soviet Union...
...Rogov said the constables had insulted them and Pavlov ordered them out, hut the policemen refused to %o until their Inspector srrived...
...And this is preface enough for the first section of "The Gouzenko Story...
...In comparison with them the system of election in Russia appears »- « mockery of the conception of free elections...
...Walsh remarked that it was Tunny if they had permission that they had broken the lock to get in, and he picked up from the floor lo- keeper of the-lock and said This does not look •s if it has been done with a key...
...He received education in primary and secondary schools and later entered the Academy of Engineering in Moscow, but after two months was sent to a special school conducted under the aegis of the General Staff of the Red Army...
...Gouzenko says that he had been having a struggle with himself as to whether or not he should return to Russia...
...The R.C.A.F...
...In connection with this and for the purpose of clarifying the reasons for the failure of I. Gousenko's reporting for work, Consul V. G. Pavlov and two other colleagues of the Embass^visited the apartment of I. Gousenko at 11:30 on the 6th September...
...Those who were not really tied in with the Communist Party feared another world war, while those who were ardent members of the Party and its subsidiary organizations really wished for it, because they thought that to be part of the process lending towsrd a general upheaval throughout the world which would result in the establishment of Communism...
...While he did not answer the door, his presence in the apartment was disclosed by the noise of his child running across the room...
...This, together with samples of Uranium 235 enriched and Uranium 233, was flown directly to the Kremlin by one of the chief Soviet operstivea on this continent...
...THE GOUZENKO STORY" Based on Official, Secret Documents 1COR GOUZENKO arrived in Canada in June, 1°43, to act as cipher clerk for the Military Attache, Colonel Zabotin, who came at the same lime...
...This is especially true with respect to the problem of the Soviet Union...
...In or about September of 1914, a telegram was received from Moscow by Colonel Zabotin indicating that Gouzenko's return to Russia was required...
...In the meuiitime the police had been summoned and they arrived...
...5, occupied by a Noncommissioned Officer of the R.C.A.F., and asked if this officer 'and his wife would be willing to keep his child for them overnight...
...Gouzenko thereupon went out through the back door to the adjoining apartment, No...
...He says that in the Embassy, the fact that the Soviet Union was preparing for a third world war was freely talked about...
...Further, although the Department of External Affairs asked the Soviet Embassy for particulars of the monies stolen, this inquiry waa never answered...
...mcl accomplish even at the cost of tremendous sacrifices blood and tears...
...in Canada, was in a clothes closet...
...Through numerous party agitators the Soviet Government stirs up the Russian people in every possible way against the peoples of the democratic countries, preparing the ground for the third world war...
Vol. 30 • January 1947 • No. 3
