The Truth About: EVOLUTION PLAINLY TOLD

...The skull was low with narrow receding forehead and heavy ridges of bone above the eye-sockets, while a bony ridge extended from between the eyebrows to the top of the head approaching a condition found in the cranium of the anthropoids...

...This jaw is so narrow behind that it is thought the tongue could r.ot have sufficient play to allow of "articulate speech...

...They lived in Europe for a period of at least 25,000 years, probably much longer, when they were displaced by new-comers who pushed inr from around the eastern end of the Medi-terranian and from Asia...

...or the pre-history of man without teaching Evolution...

...It does appeer, however, that both men and the other primates have a common precursor, but that ths antropoids must have branched off from the common stock in very remote times...

...thet the stratum was deposited and by studying the associated fauna, consisting of many extinct animals, the age of these rocks is established...

...S. There Is A God (An Elegy on th* Death of Bryan) TTT'lTH you who have just gone, I will agree, fry There is a God...

...In this way the anthropologist determines the average of a group or tribe or race, and to determine its normal variation...

...and he lived At a much later period...

...for the men and 4 ft...

...When he whom your whole life has Reified Was sorest pressed...

...10 in...

...Anything strikingly beyond the normal at once becomes the subject of inquiry to determine its cause...

...Going to the human embryo, we find these vestiges of an earlier condition much more developed, while others appear for a time end then vanieh before birth...

...In addition to the mathematical description there are added observations—color of akin, shape of teeth, the form of the hair, and many others...

...These ere but a few emong many which today are func-tionless in man, but are still in use by certain animals...

...The head was long and narrow, above the eyes was e heavy bony ridge, back of which the forehead retreated abruptly, indicating rather little development of the fore-brain...

...for the women, or about the earn* as the modern Japanese...

...Jt also reveals the fact that man presents many variations difficult to explain without referring to similar conditions found in the animal world...

...For a time there was much question if the two could possibly belong together, but a more recent find, which occurred about three miles distant from the first, again showed portions of the tame type of ekull and jaw...

...Tha Held of th* anthropologist is man, man's body, and man's society, and in this study he finds himself working side by eide with the biologist and the geologist...

...The teeth ap-jdjbach the human type and indicate the peculiar rotary mode of mastication .of the human which is impossible in animals having interlocking Vanine teeth...

...They hold that the evidence abundantly justifies us in believing that development has been from the simple ' to the complex and that present forms of life, including man, have been produced from earlier existing forms, but through immense periods of time...

...By the third inter-glacial period, more than 150,000 years ago, these utensils have taken on definite form and we find thousands of stone axes of crude type scattered over a large portion of central and southern Europe...

...The brain capacity of this individual was between 860 and 900 cubic centimeters, or a little more than half of that of modern man...

...A Being of 250,000 Years Ago Two other fossil beings, found in the early atrata of the rocks, also seem to indicate a development toward man...

...It was discolored in place at a depth of nearly eighty feet and lay in association with fossil remains of extinct animals which make possible Its dating in geologic time...

...In all cases we 4m the thigh bone to- be curved Ml this, together with the points of irtifulstion show that the knee was habitually bent and that this man "liked in a semi-erect position...

...e GLORIA GODDARD...

...When tree and grass and rock and hill — a band Immutable — all raised thtir cry against Your book-crypt god, and rivers sang you false, ^ You dared to voice your sophistry, you fenced * With blasting Truth — and there is no God else...

...Hence lit this respect this being seeme to stand midway between man and th* highest anthropoids...

...From the above it seems conclusive that it is impossible to .teach anthropology...

...This find consisted of the skull of an animal well developed beyond modern anthropoids in just those characters, facial and cerebral, which are to be expected in a form intermediate between, man and the anthropoids...

...Thia consisted of the cruohed skull of a woman and a jaw which can scarcely be distinguished from that of a chimpanzee...

...The nose was low and broad, the upper lip projecting, but the jaw was weak and retreating...

...when only you would stand To bind man's mind to laws long since belied...

...Vfelielal problem of the future WimtM to be how to unite the pmtejfe.Individual liberty of action j Mk K-eommon ownership of the #W..spperlel of the globe, and -sn ^Participation of all in the hiwfls of combined Labor.—J...

...In the strata laid down at the end of the Pliocene period at least 500,000 years ago, there has been found the bones of a being which appears to be an attempt of Nature toward man...

...Man's Resemblance To Animals This study also reveals the fact that man closely, resembles certain members of the animal world in every bone and organ of his body...

...It is difficult to explain the presence of these useless organs in man unless, we believe thet some time in his development they were in *kse...

...These bones were not lying together, but had been scattered over a distance of about forty-five feet by the action of the ancienf river which deposited them...

...There can be no doubt thai thc*e bones were laid down at trip time...

...For the study of men's body be (has worked out a eet of instruments and haa selected a series of points for observation, by means of which he can accurately describe each individual of a group, the length, breadth and height of head, the facial proportions, the length of limbs and so on...

...Theee bones wors found*" in undio-Mntl strata forty feet below the ;.|MtM #4 • eeiat where a riijf hsd cut through th<' mountain -id...

...If this is true, then we might hope to find in ancient strata of the rocks some evidences of earlier forms of men, who might perhaps more closely approach the common ancestor...

...These People;, known as the' .N'eande.thai *|fc»|s>aad out oyer the western half of Europe and we now know and have excavated very large numbers of the stations in which they lived...

...On the other hand, it ia half ar much again as that of en adult gorilla, and the special development has taken place in these regions whose high development is typical of the brain of man...

...But when the fourth glacial epoch spread over Europe those men were compelled to make their homes in the shelters and caves of the rpeks, and here in the debris around their ancient hearths we can read the record of their home' life, and from this period on for a period of at least 50,000 years we can, read the record of man's occupancy of Europe aa clearly es though we wore reading from the page* of *n book Fortunately for the ecientiets, these people buried their dead and we have preserved for u* a considerable number, ranging from children to adult men aad women, so there is no guessing as to the'wort of man who occupied Europe at this time...

...Those animels most closely resembling man are -the anthropoid apes...

...Man of the Fourth Glacial Epoch They were massively built, with long arms and short legs, in height they average*, about 6 ft...

...A careful study shows that they have specialized in their way quite as much as man has in his, so thet while they are very similar, yet it is evidence that man's line of descent is not through any of these anthropoids...

...What a Skull Cant Tell On man's skeleton these observe-" tions are even more exact and are so definite that given a single skull or skeleton it is possible to tell with considerable certainty the age, sex, and race of the individual, while for a series of skeletons the results are definite...

...And Their Story These semi-human bones consisted of a skull cap, a femur and two molar teeth...

...Some Stone Implements Found The second of these two finds which we have mentioned occurred neer Piltdown in Sussex, England...

...Such a case is the free tail possessed by every humen embryo, a few weeks before its birth...

...It is difficult to picture a man-from the jaw alone, but this much we can say, the mouth must have projected more than in modern man but less than in the chimpanzee or gorilla.'' Ha had a heavy protruding face, high muscles of mastication, essentially human teeth, and he was already far removed from his primate ancestors with large caninesi ht was neater to man than to tht aytei he was ' further along the line of evolutionary development than Pithecanthrn-I pus erectus, the .lava Ape-man...

...And you, spokesman of false cued, Have paid in full, to Him you did not see, The final price in your one hour of need...

...Only a faw point, relating to man and his history have beta' reviewed, but oaoagh has bean said to indicate that the testimony of maa's body, of his embryolog...

...The head hung forward on a massive cheet...

...And the muscle sttachmenta show he was a terrestrial and not an ahoreal form...

...8 in...

...You stood beneath his cold and awesome frown, And the great god Truth has struck you down...

...FAY-COOPER COLE: III.—Anthropology and Evolution ANTHROPOLOGISTS accept Evolution as the most satisfactory explanation of the observed facts relating to the universe, to our world, and all life on it...

...This is exactly the case...

...Neither of these' two beings- are, of certainty, directly ancestral to man, but they do seem to indicate that Nature at a very early period was making experiments toward man...

...The newcomers, known as Cro-magnon, are a much finer .physical type but so closely related to modern man that it is not necessary to describe their phyucal type...

...thie we know because the foromen magnum, the opening by which the spinal cord enters the cranium, was situated farther back than is the case in modern man, and the points of articulation with the *t*UT *f the neck aleo show con-M*wy that the head hung hsb-itstlly forward...

...leal life, of hit fossil romaint atrongly points to the fact that he It clotely related to the other membera of the aaimal world, ami that hi» development to hit prarant form hat taken place through im-mtnii periods of time...

...To gain further light on these-variations the anthropologist works with the anatomist and comparative anatomist and he quickly finds that every human being of today posseeses many muscles for which there is no npparent use, such muscles as those behind the ears), those going to the tail, the platyama, —a muscle going from the chin to the clavicle...

...but it is of interest tharwe can study hisjiome life, his art, snd his life among certain animals now extinct for a period beginning about 20,000 years ago, snd extending down te the coming of the modern rsces...

...They were men—they were human—but they were much more like the anthropoids in many respects than is modern man...

...Another'find of somewhat similar nature was made only a few months sgo in Bechuanaland of South Africa by Professor Dart of the University at Johannesburg...

...If, aa seems probable, these four bones belonged to the same individual, he must have been more man-like than any living ape and at the same time more ape-like than any human known to us...

...He is known as Pithecanthropus erectus or the erect Ape-man...

...There are differences, but they are differences of degree rather than of kind...

...Xm teeth, although very large, are eettntially human with even tops, as in man, while the canines lacked the tusk-like character which' they still retain in the apes...

...We have no fossil remains of man during^Riis third inter-glacial period, for he then lived in the open and it .would only be by the merest chance that his skeletons might be preserved to .is...

...The skeletons tell much of man's history, for the articulation of the bones and the lines of attachment of the muscles reveal how he walked, how he held his head and many other details of his life...

...The Jaw was found in the year 1907 in a sand-pit near Heidelberg, Germany...

...In the yeer 1801, on the island of .Jim., there was found the bones of an animal which .in many ways seems to be Intermediate between man and the anthropoids...

...This being is known as the Heidelberg men...

...The skull is exceedingly thick and its capacity much lees than that of modern man, but it is distinctly human, while, as indicated, the jaw approaches thet of an anthropoid...

...In the strata of the second interglacial period, probably at least 250,000 years ago, there lived a being with a massive jaw, a jaw, human in every respect, except that it had no chin and the ramus or upright portion ¦ toward the socket was very broad, as in the anthropoids...

...The thigh bone is straight, indicating an upright posture and ability to ruji and walk, as in man...

...Here again we seem to have an approach toward man in very ancient strata.' Toward the end of the second inter-glacial period in Europe, at least 226,000 years ago, we begin to find stone implements which give indication of having been intentionally formed and used by intelligent beings...

...The geologists have established the relative age of the strata of the rocks, while the palaeontologists have made plain the forms of life which lived in the epochs when those strata were deposited...