FREE AND EQUAL
Levinson, Edward
"FREE AND EQUAL" By EDWARD LEVINSON LOOK at me." m-j From th« recisse* of the most luxurious divan in the club, the self-made nun extended a abort fat arm beyond his protruding corpulenee...
...T 1----/ Young America ("Cat* One" from the report, "Health of the Working ChiU," iuued by . the Now Twh State Department of Labor...
...This is of significance not only because of the additional demands upon the powers of the immature child to adjust to striking mental and physical changes, but because the immature boys were found universally to have strength testa hoiow the average...
...No Catholic on grounds of morality would suggest that these should be returned to private enterprise, even though he might favor this on political or economic grounds...
...Militarism and all that pertains to it is inimical to the cause of progress, the well-being of the people, and the development of the race...
...In the evening he stays as long as there is need...
...There had been no pronouncement on the question, because it had never been definitely raised...
...Undeveloped arm prohibits many occupations and boy's strength and posture make a "light job" desirable...
...But it is doubtful if the most conservative Catholic would agree to this...
...949 Willoughby Avenue, Brooklyn, New York...
...9 a. m. to 6 p. M., Satur•sys w l P. m. the board of management...
...12: Fifteen years three months—or-phnn, born in this country, Russian parentage—living with aunt and uncle...
...The condemnation would require to be carried to certain definite principles and concrete proposals...
...FORTUNATE is the IMP-MAN Who can FIND a fool-woman By whom to PRODUCE SLAVES FOR THE MILLS That are RUN BY INFANf S Whose BLOOD run into PROFITS for the MASTER And CRUSTS and RAGS FOR th* unprincipled parents...
...Girl stands practically the entire day wrapping packages, working usually at high speed...
...Fifteen yeare—American born, American parents—went to work after finishing grammar school because he did not want to go to high school...
...w Case No...
...Frem'April M Mm IS Inrlualre LONG ISLAND CITY AND VICINITY la Klenks Hall, 413 Astoria Avenue, corner 13th Avenue, Long Island City...
...All these denounc* modern industrialism because of the degradation of the Individual worker...
...The Constitution of the Labor party demands public ownership and democratic control of land and capital as the basis of society...
...By JOHN WHEATLEY, M. P. T N the earlier days of the So-*¦ cialist movement the view was generally accepted that no loyal member of the Catholic Church could be a Socialist...
...Workmen's Furniture Fire Insurance Society Notice is hereby given to all the members that the assessment amounts to 10 cents for each hundred dollars of insurance...
...The common people do not enter Into war...
...Of every four children suffering from defects of the eyes, one is working under an eye-strain...
...It would not be sufficient to condemn a word or a form of words...
...There are, and always will be, individuals who will try to bolster up their particular political views by harnessing religious prejudices to their support But nowadays such partisans exert very little influence on the political thought of British Catholics...
...Hours, 48 a week — wages $11 -this is an extremely bad job for a child with progressive flat fcot...
...Approximately 10 per cent of the children, though they had been working for nine months, had not yet passed puberty...
...gits all day with feet curled round rang* of s atool too high for her to use and ! n a- ii the ground...
...Filing involves eye strain-good artificial but not natural lighting...
...i —¦ ¦ (In France the cry is being insistently raised that a man cannot be a Catholic and a Socialist, an opinion that is widespread in this country loo, though it is absolutely unjustified...
...should not stand much as condition is probably pro-greaaive Girl's first job, parke...
...does rot wear (leasee, suffers from freum ¦ i headaches — slightly overweight, strength below normal—very bad pot tars with hollow back and prominent abdomen...
...241 East 84th Street...
...Half the children worked 44 hours, while about per cent, contrary to law, worked more than 48 hours...
...J. Keir Hardie...
...That is the course of character building bestowed on the working children of New York City...
...Hours, 48—Wagea 112...
...It is merely playing with words to differentiate between the Labor party and the British Socialist Party, j The terms are synonymous, and the British press rightly uses them Indiscriminately...
...If the State may morally own part of the land and capital, who is to say where the line is to be drawn beyond which the State cannot own...
...The People's Right We have public ownership of land and capital today—State and municipal lands, dockyards, post offices, tramways, water, gas and electricity...
...they are dragged into it...
...Almost one of every five had a visual defect, one-third had dental defects, onc'-eighth enlarged tonsils, 5 per cent of the girls had thyroid enlargement...
...There was John, who had a hernia, whose work involved the lifting and carrying 4t heavy bundles...
...Bundles weigh from five to fifteen pounds—he has good deal of stair climbing...
...about fifty emsleyoea, two-thirds men, all recent immigranu The foreman speaks very little JCng liah—"old world atmosphere" In shop Works st a table tying leeth...
...And there was Annie, who, though she had an advanced case of flat foot, acted as messenger girl in a department store and was on her feet all day...
...than correct this child's physical lie feet...
...Weekly hourB 48—wages $11...
...father dead and mother and listers worked irregulerly - in Industry six months, holding two jobs...
...In a candy factory- left after one week -candy was aticky and work dirty...
...No fooling around with school for me...
...British Socialists have for long proposed that all the land of the country, and its principal industries, should be publicly instead of privately owned...
...Hours very from 44 to 47- -wages $13.00...
...On the other< hand, an, influential section, which ihcludes a number of able priests, regards this medieval policy as futile, and takes the bolder line of training Catholics so that in the change from Individualism to Collectivism Catholic moral principles are preserved...
...Their social and industrial interests are identical with those of their non-Catholic fellow workers...
...If there be any HERE Who THINK America is NOT the BEST HUMAN habit at im, In ALL the earth, SEND THEM OUT OF IT, But, GO WHERE they will, EVERYWHERE ELSE they'll find That parents HAVE TO WORK To PROVIDE FOR their babes...
...left school before completing seventh grade leeiaie she hed to saeport herself—ia industry stl months hold ing one tab...
...Again, there is not a single intelligent Catholic in Britain prepared to deny the right of the people, and only the people, to decide this question...
...I went to work when I was 16...
...TOWN OF UNION, WEST NEW YORK, etc...
...This is largely due to the well-known fact that the Socialist Party in Britain does not adopt the anti-Christian course which has been pursued in many parts of the Continent...
...4 per cent of the children had heart affections...
...Frero April i.uh until Mar mil' WEST HOBOKEN...
...About half day files order slips — work done standing and sitting on low stool...
...No opportunity for her to rest her back...
...V Now, ye who PRIZE A NUMEROUS progeny (for others), Step forward and receive . The GRATITUDE of those Who live LUXURIOUSLY On the TOIL and TEARS Of their enfeebled children Whom ye hav* FASTENED To the WHIRRING machines In your PROFIT dungeons...
...About half the day he does outside errands...
...DON'T be "MUSHY"— MONEY is EVERYTHING...
...Teeth badly decayed demanding immediate treatment—boy quite uninterested in hi* condition and will probably refiM* to arrange for treatment—does not want to be "fussed ov*r ; has slouching posture and is suffering from third degree flat-foot...
...bracelets to display cards or slipping 1 buckles on leather atrapa...
...17: i Fifteen years old born in England fr-in this country eight years- started 'high school but left after two months because family needed help ami Mil been assured child could learn as much in contlnustion school—in industry ten months holding one lob...
...ill •••* hoars for all places are f'°n...
...Many of them, including Belloc and Chesterton, plead for a return to small ownership of capital, and more simple methods of production, as a means to this greater distribution of capital...
...As much firijh air as possible In a crowded store...
...Overweight—due to improper feeding—is more frequent than underweight...
...CATHOLIC AND SOCIALIST CAN A MAN BE BOTH...
...Curve ia spin* unquestionably is being accentuated, Wag,, tu but deductions fer time at m, eye strain to work...
...I mm April 11-23 Inclusive BROOKLYN, N. Y. In Brooklyn Labor Lyceum, No...
...A recognition of this position made it impossible for any responsible Churchman to exploit the Catholic Church for anti-Socialist purposes...
...In view of litis and the Pope's recent pronouncements on the subject, the following article of John H'hcatley, M, I'., is of unusual interest...
...H'hcatley was Minister of Housing in the British Labor Cabinet and is one of the most influential leaders of the Labor Parly...
...fensibly reactionary...
...The Catholic population, particularly in the North, are of Irish extraction...
...Such education on economics as is given semi officially to Catholics in Britain is strongly anti-capitalist...
...Office boy in a downtown law Arm— high class office building about 100 employees -intelligent supervision— duties of ordinary office boy keep him on his feet almost entire day...
...I think it is clear that British Catholics will continue to support i Conservative, Liberal or Socialist parties according to their political predilection...
...in industry eight months, holding one job...
...From Mar te-Jose l~t Incloelve au the., offices will bo closed on Saadaye, also or May 1st (being a holiday of tV -.;working-class), •»<• oa May 30th, Decoration Day...
...There's nothing better for a kid than a good stiff job where you know he is out of trouble...
...In Nepirodas flail...
...one foot much worse than the other, probably indicating a progreeilve condition—should be off his feet as much as possible—strength slightly below normal...
...two sisters working—only boy in the family...
...Working children of 14 and 15 years—more than half of thorn— are working at jobs that accentuate their physical defects Hslf the children in their tender years already lame are required by their jobs to bo on their feet most of the work-day...
...Job requires ton much standing for pro-greasive flat foot condition...
...Enlarged tonsils, several decayed teeth, swollen neck glands—probable connection among these three—teeth ¦hould be treated at one*—coated tongue indicating digestive disturbances low strength, slouching posture, and athropied arm...
...Wise Words About War ¦ The best way to prevent war is tiot to*prepare ti make war, but to prepare to make war impossible...
...He proceeded: "Look at me...
...The Capitalist System Peace sitting under her olive and slurring the days gone by, When the poor are hovell'd and hustled together, each sex, like swine...
...Assessments will be received at the following places: NEW YORK - MANHATTAN In the office of the Society, No...
...Here are some of the exhibits of "character training" culled from the report of the investigating committee...
...Job well suited to boy's disability but requires considerable physical energy for a boy needing a light job...
...Delivery boy, small contract tailor shop—one .floor in a rear tenement house—poor standards of cleanliness—air heavy with steam of presses—noisy machines—about fifteen employes—boss foreign born, speaking very little English—boy delivers vests and trousers to merchant tailors all over the city...
...Almost one-half of the fourteen and fifteen year-old workers included in the study were found to have some physical defect which was being aggravated and intensified by the work they were doing...
...5: fiflejlft years -born in this country — Itaiftn parentage—went to work when he finished'grammar school became his mother needed help—bis father dead and three children were working in industry eight months, holding one job...
...But the great mass of British Catholics do not belong to any of these intellectual sections, and are hardly influenced by them...
...Is it the Church or the people of Britain...
...The job is very unsuitable for a progressivt flat-foot condition because it keeps the boy on his feet too much...
...Employed, leather novelty shoe old, dilapidated building, ifcadeqaate sanitary equipment and Tow iUndatdi of cleanliness...
...Should be off feet as much as possible and not required to attad * Employed Wrapping packages in department sto |* of some 5,000 employees, l/igltlng artificial but good...
...m-j From th« recisse* of the most luxurious divan in the club, the self-made nun extended a abort fat arm beyond his protruding corpulenee and flicked the aahea off hi* cigar...
...If the Church were to condemn this it would be equivalent to saying that public ownership of land or capital was anti-Catholic...
...Enlarges thyroid gland—vision slightly impaired both eyes...
...Wages, it was found, centered abi.ut 112...
...From May lS-tl Inclusive In E. Ploetz's Echo Cafe at Northern Boulevard and I02d Street, Corona, L. I. Mar rtml and Z8rd BRONX, N. Y. At 421J Third Avenue, Northwest corner of 3rd Avenue and Tre-mont Avenue, Bronx, New York...
...On the health side, there does not appear to have been a single perfect child found...
...I didn't care much for the school," was) the explanation received most often, next to the need for increasing the family income...
...OH, keep quiet...
...Can sit only during lulla In sales and then only a little stool using the wall of her cage as a hack...
...GLENGARRY'S REVIEW WE FEEL relieved And fully HONORED Since our RESPECTED people Placed on RECORD That they FAVOR the principle Of CHILD exploitation To SUCH an extent That INFANTS must assume The RESPONSIBILITY Of PROVIDING food and shelter For their PARENTS, And babes UNDER SIX...
...When only the ledger lives, and when only not all men lie...
...Almost half of the working children, the investigators found, entered industry because money was needed at home...
...They are in the main hewers of wood and drawers of water, and are naturally being rapidly attracted to the British Labor movement...
...Teeth need attention, bad vision one eye, but doea not wear glasses— first degree flat font...
...Sits only a short time on a bench while waiting to be aummoned by a call bell...
...And ecclesiastical condemnation of British Socialism that was not mean inglessly verbal would apply to the principles of the British Labor party...
...Eyestrain not too great if child were provided with correcting glasses...
...HERE, in GOD'S OWN country, The parents cat PLAY The LIVELONG day And the YEAR around, ALL they NEED to do Is to WATCH out . . FOR the weekly PAY-DAY, Be on hand to GRAB The INFANTS' pay And HASTEN across To the JUMBLE-SHOP For a FEW RAGS And to the BAKERY For STALE bread To MAINTAIN a little longer The FEEBLE life there is In themselves and their EARNERS...
...seven floors—standards of sanitation only fair—200 employees...
...It becomes, therefore, purely a matter of politics, the function of the Church being to inspire people with a desire to apply their political principles with a due regard to the moral rights of others...
...ARE NOT child products CHEAPER...
...That is unadulterated Socialism...
...Peace in her vineyard—yes, but a company forges the wine...
...Another reason given by the boys and girls questioned is an interesting commentary on the attractiveness of the public schools...
...DO WE SHARE in the INFAMY...
...Case No...
...Needs denial treatment, has slightly slouching posture— feet callouaed and extremely painful-has second degree flat foot—pain Indicates condition probably progressive...
...Hours, 4s , continuation school make pay SgJiO Requirements of work heavy for *ny child and tend to emphasis* rati...
...They are the findings of an investigation of "The Health of Working Children" just completed by the State Department pf Labor...
...It will not Uke MUCH To SATISFY parents Who will SUBMIT INFANTS to DRUDGERY— A HOLE in the ground A CRUST and a rag Will SOOTHE a brain l" SO POLLUTED...
...Boys had the active, girls the sedentary ipbs...
...420 Ber-genline Avenue, West Hoboken, New Jersey...
...Is on feet rest of time taking messages to various departments...
...Over half the working children with weakened hearts are toiling uader nervous strain...
...One-fourth of the children employed at w*rk that permitted them to sit down were supplied with wholly inadequate chairs, inviting a crop of physical deformities in later years...
...Nothing like work to build a kid's character...
...Case No...
...This education goes on through the Catholic Social Guild, the Catholic Young Men's Society, and the writings of the Belloc-Chesterton group...
...No rush of work...
...Not without a considerable effort, he squirmed his ponderous weight around about a fraction of an inch in the direction of his auditor...
...Present job - file clerk and office helper in an instalment plan retail furniture store...
...Case No...
...As time went on, however, and Socialism passed out of the nebulous state into con-I crete proposals, it became quite ! clear that any antagonistic j J regulation issued by the Church i I would make the Church inde...
...Only opportunity to sit is while riding on street cars or while at shop waiting to go on errands...
...II: Fifteen and one-half years-Russian parentage—finished first year high school then went to work at family needed help...
Vol. 2 • April 1925 • No. 16
