Trends in International Affairs
Dalfin, David J.
Trends in International Affairs New Resistance Movements Arise in Europe By David J. Dalfin THE same development which on a worldwide scale begun at the London Conference of Um Foreign Mm istrrs,...
...Socialist parties of Europe do not have a uniform policy everywhere...
...Soviet army vnitt are itill stationed in Cztrh't-ilorakia, and the Communist power t« accordingly unchallenged...
...he next few months will be crowded wUh elections in Europe, as never before ip her history...
...s in London on the other, biought many of them into the orbit of Moscow...
...A split ia Socialist parties.everywhere is the aim of this policy...
...Events in the Far East - Manchuria, Shantung, the Yellow Sea, Port Arthur —have their own historical logic...
...Zenkel repudiated the idea of merging with tbe Communists, and publicly proclaimed his party's Arm decision to remain independent, since the one-party system constitutes a threat to democracy...
...Thi* whole region around the Yellow So* is a historical scene...
...Stormy applause ) Tli.- last sentences were directed against Czech Communist* who in the recent niontha,h*ve initiated a campaign not only against a "Western orientation," but also against any attempt to maintain a Czech policy independent of Moscow influence...
...The order was not fulfilled...
...Tins ia in line with the persiattut policy pursued to widen the influence,of Communists on iion-t'oinuiumst groups which are prepared to collaborate and to obey orders...
...Similar reports reach us from Poland, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Rumania, where national leaders included in the governments a few months «<" -such as Mikolajczjk and Subasitch —are I.ring driven into opposition...
...A Mew Comiatera ? IHK Soviet Government and its Communist parties throughout Europe are start and bold in their decisions...
...Oar nation was among...
...He emphatically denounced "iiimmi appearing from various source* and stating that someone desired eur republic to Im annexed to same other state...
...If Ihey are »ocrraafal with thia polier, a «real Chinese Comaaanial Stale, bordering aa Kaasia, would emerge, more (baa twice as bir aa France and wilk a popadaIin« alaoonl aa big aa the United Stales The new element in the struggle between thr J wo youngest allies, China and Rossis,, is the United States Mary...
...A ciruggie for their iodepeiulence is gniw-ing, asauiaing dramatic forms and al -leading the attention of the world...
...We hare thus acquired the right lo work for peace and' for unrestricted dm...
...We are grateful to the Soviet Union and are friendly toward it...
...Thine eventi de not y' werk eng radical change of policy...
...All members of his family perished, while he himself survived by a miracle...
...On October 1, American marines entered the Communist held srea in North China...
...bat we are also grateful to the West...
...In August, while Soviet troops were advancing into Manchuria from the North and East, a big Chinese army entered Manchuria from the Southwest, through the Chinese province of Jehol...
...Nowhere is the language of history...
...If need be we shall resume oar fight...
...After the liberation of Csechoslovakia the articles published in their organ I'rmve l.indy were almost identical to those in the Communist press...
...We hated the Protectorate, and we must do everything within oar power to avert its reappearance In any form...
...Terrorism shall not to be tolerated in Cxeehes' vakia...
...Then a miracle occurred...
...The same applies to the elections in Mm way this week which ended with a great fiasco for the Communist Party...
...Opposition to collaboration with the Communists demands grest courage and inevitably leads to sacrifices and hard-ahips, especially so among the nations of Eastern Europe...
...Fierlinger'i policy on the one hand and the policy of the leading Czech Soci il 11...
...To judge from the wording of the Greek proposal, the idea seem* to be to nsme the new world organization not a Communist but a Labor International...
...Varek...
...Negotiations are continuing in I hungkiiif, between Chiang and the ( nmmunisl leader Man Tse-lung...
...Other Chinese Communist forces entered Msnchuria and soon departed, strengthened by the arm* previously surrendered by the Japanese...
...There scannet be any doubt that the idea was planted in Greece in •rder to let it appear that a non-Russisn •»rty ha* taken the initiative...
...When we apesk of democracy we mean that we waat * parliament elected by the people...
...They then spread over the neighboring Chinese province* of Hopei, Shantung, Chahar and, of course, Shansi...
...the pattern for all Europe, from Rome to Oslo and from Warsaw to Paris, but the most dramatic- events take place in the Soviet-occupied nations...
...Macek's article, restrained in form, revealed that these bills were even worse than th* corresponding decrees enacted under Hitler, and that they actually introduced state slavery for the workers...
...He was warmly acclaimed at the conference, ami thr* main political speech was delivered by him...
...t> · · Is the Far fast EvF.NTS of the greatest importance are taking place in the Far East, which have been given little attention in the daily press...
...But the wave of Commnniet sympathy which teemed tit tweep the country i$ tuhtHing...
...He obviously meant the Soviet Union, eine» propagand* for joining it a* "an autonomous Socialist Republic" wa* dinseminated hy Communists, allegedly on their own initiative, without formal party decision to this effect...
...Now they are a thing of the past...
...No wonder the Communists are up in arms against Zenkel...
...At first, tbe Americans requested the Communist leadership to withdraw from Chefoo...
...Their armies fight bloody bailies with each other and straggle for dominance ever North Chinese province», while the leaders quietly discass futarr rlrrliona and the clauses of a roastitstio...
...Bui...
...Shortly before the confer cm e Vscek had to resign, and Zenkel was restored to his rightful place...
...Tin...
...This road would lead to the loss of popular support and to the eventual ruin of the party...
...The consequence then, as today, was that immediately other nations rushed to occupy ether ports in the neighborhood, since the Yellow Sea and the province of Shantung was and is of great strategical, as well as commercial, importance for the whole of Asia...
...After /enkel's declaration, a feeling of acute dissatisfaction manifested itseli in th- party ranks...
...This army carried national Chinese flags with the Kuomintang sun in the corner...
...This U the meaning of the elections in Budapest, where the...
...Forty-aeven years ago, the Russian Government, allied with China by a treaty of friendship against Japan, suddenly demanded the right to occupy Port Arthur and soon moved to take that port...
...event* Which have taken plate there decades ago assume an unexpected importance today...
...This is especially important since our people w*nt lo know at least the basic truth...
...The growing conflict soon led to the British-Japanese alliance and to Russia's war and defeat of lUOii...
...Another nearby Chinese port is in American hands...
...upon the Social Democrats Ihn speed), had a sobering effect...
...Another Resistance Movement is growing fast, it require* a different political orientation and quick, courageous decisions...
...A few days later, the American Navy appeared before the nearby Chines* port of Chefoo, which lies only sixty miles across tbe sea from Soviet occupied Port Arthur...
...Bene», Dr...
...There Was no doubt that this army was sent there by Chiang Kai-shek'a Govern* nient, inasmuch as the Treaty of Friendship was signed between China and Russia at that time...
...which makes terrorism and oppression impossible...
...the recent conference of the Cserh Socialist Party, the party of Dr...
...the imminent, general elections in Hungary will disclose their weakness to a Jar greater extent...
...Trends in International Affairs New Resistance Movements Arise in Europe By David J. Dalfin THE same development which on a worldwide scale begun at the London Conference of Um Foreign Mm istrrs, ?» «? progresji, in ? different way, ioside various European nations...
...They have drawn, already, political conclusion* from the new situation and are Meeting by resurrecting- the allegedly dissolved Communist International...
...The area claimed and partly ·< .Mined by the Comaaanisl armies is a vast roaatry with a population mt ¦early ?.???.·*· besides Manchuria <<»,e#*,eo» people) or al least Ihr analhrrn part of it, which ia als« partly acrspird by Communist armies...
...This feeling reached ¦uch proportions that Socialist leaders were compelled to publish in tbe central party organ articles criticizing the H.I •hrvik policy...
...A few days later, the United Press reported about Communist armies being in Kwantung...
...This added special .significance to /.enkel's word*: "We were fighting far oar independence st ¦ time when w* were Iscerated in concentration rampa and wsre tortured lo death...
...Liberated by the Americans, he returned to Prague in June, and found that the Mayoralty had been conferred on a Communist, Dr...
...in this arieni...
...Within that parly the Moscow orientation by no means met with general approval, yet...
...Because of his record he could speak with daring, and his words carried weight among members of the ? esi»tance movement...
...Macek who opposed the bill on forced labor introduced by the Communists...
...The war that has lust ended was a war against oppression snd totalitarianism...
...while ,in France, for instance, the Socialists have repudiated common action with the party of Maurice Thorez, in Hungary • they went to the elections in a merger with the local Communist Party and thus appeared to the people as a Quisling party, a tool of the occupation foraas...
...The first articles of this kind were written by Prof...
...the most oppressed...
...The bill was modeled on the Soviet pattern, and sroused considerable misgiving among trade unionists of all parties...
...We hsve The free Word and The free Netn, bat we have no free public opinion...
...The Resistance Movements of the war years constructed as sn "anti-Fascist'' national coalition, have completed their -tasks...
...Kwantung is the southern end of Manchuria, where Port Arthur and Dairen have been leased to Russia snd are occupied by the (ted Army...
...The Kuomintang flag disappeared and the citizens of Mukden witnessed a big parade of the Communist Eighth Army which was collaborating with and settling down under Soviet suthority...
...However, it is the only path toward nations) independence, democracy, and stable relations in a pacified Europe...
...A REPORT FROM CHECHOSLOVAKIA Western or Eastern Orientation...
...enkel, the Mayor of Prague, delivered a great speech...
...A report from Csechoslovakia, printed below, illuminates the hard and dangerous ro:id to national independence for that martyred country...
...However, the Navy refrained from landing, at least for the time being...
...In the Soviet-occupied zone of Germany the merger of,the two parties is being discussed, but an irjjportant part of the Socialist party is strongly opposed to it...
...Lis petty leader* would not have dared to come out with the new proposition without the Messing of Mosce...
...It sounds as a warning to those who can hear...
...While rightist and Fascist aartiei, will automatically be eliminated, almost everywhere the ? >-al struggle will ?t> on between the Western snd the E«o,'in orient at inn , between Democracy and ? 'omnium.sin This it...
...We have no right to shift the center of Europe either to the West or 1« the East...
...If we speak of freedom of the preas we must not permit any 'Gleichschaltung' of our press...
...As the Mayor of Prague, he persistently oppoaed the Germans from tbe moment of the occupation in 1939, and paid for this opposition by five years in Buchenwald...
...so-called-"awti-Fascist" coalition, led by Communists, has Buffered a heavy defeat...
...On Octoober 1, the Congress of the Coinmanist Party of Greece issued an appeal to create a new "Labor International.*' The Greek party has been streamlined in the course of the last few Months, after certain "deviation*" and tragic mistakes...
...It is the biggest Chinese city under Communist control...
...eloquent as there...
...pici er» primary im per I snre belongs to Ihr bat t le« in Ihr north, not I· thr Ira partita in Chang kin...
...The Communist forces in South Manchuria are estimated st 100,000...
Vol. 28 • October 1945 • No. 41
