Conquest of the "Heartland"
Powell, J.B.
Harbor one. It has gone far beyond the question of the conduct of an admiral and a general. As Charles Beard has pointed oot in The Progressive, it vitally involves the whole question of the conduct...
...The A FL has already appealed a similar case...
...The land* mentioned at coming moro or lete under Soviet economic influence total up to 3,182,958 square miles or considerably larger than contintntal United States, m fact 205,830 square mile* larger...
...Reparationa are reparations, to bo seised whenever available, but when they are at the expense of American intereats, that ia something different The Russians have stripped Germany and every other country ia their sphere of machinery, but they made aa error in not leaving intact the** factories ia t.eimanv Owned by American firms— ITAT, Ford, Anaconda Copper, Weel-north, etc...
...The Chinese appear to have sacrificed large and vital parta of their territorial anatomy in order to eliminate the "cancer" of Communism from their internal regions...
...The original construction of the Manchurian branches of the Russian Trans-Siberian Railway precipitated the war between Japan and the Czarist Russians in 1906, resulting in Russia's defeat and Japan's acquisition of the southern, or South Manchurian branch from Changchun (now Hsinking) to Port Arthur on the Gulf of ? liihli In the closing months of World War I, the United States, Great Britain and Japan intervened in Siberia and Manchuria for various and conflicting reasons, but the Anglo-Americans prevented Japan from seizing these railways and the vast lands served hy them...
...They ar* not going to like it After all...
...There is no point in speculating about the final disposition of Korea until the terms are known, but the Soviet Army, using Russian-trained Rml Korean troops, is already in occupation of th* important Korean ports of Yuki, Scishin and Rashin (opposite Vladivostok!, and the important industries of northern Korea SDF NEWS NATIONAL Public meeting...
...After the Allied withdrawal, China and Russia succeeded to the control of the 1,200-mile Chinese-KaRtern branch of the Trans-Siberian line...
...Conquest of the "Heartland" Will Russia Acquire Control of an Area in Asia larger Than the U. S.A...
...Branca 1, Breax, J. 8. V., will open its season's activities on Thursday, Sept...
...Korea, area «5,246 square miles, or about the sic* ef Idaho...
...China was defeated and Russia resumed undisputed control of the administration of the railway...
...I will not discuss whether or not Moscow lived up to thut agreement...
...The headlines in the New York papers told the story: "Russian Troops Occupy Nearly All of Manchuria," "Soviet Sky Troop* Take Kurile Isles," "Russian* Attacking North of Kalgan (Inner Mongolia),*' "Red-trained Army of 30,00· Korean* Enter Their Homeland...
...Such agreements have not worked out satisfactorily in the past...
...Before the Russo-Japanese war in 1905 it was common talk in Peking that Russia would ultimately control all of Asia north of the Yellow River...
...Everywhere the pattern I* the sam...
...rrla-tions entirely over the issue of ('nmmu-vism and when they resumed relations again in 1932, Russia again agreed to iff rain from interfering in China's domestic affairs, that is, in support of the Chinese Communists...
...It is edited by August j Siemaen, former Sociallat Reichstag I deputy...
...By J.B...
...Author, My Twenty-Five Years in Ckina, to be published by Macmillan in October SEVERAL weeks ago I read a statement by Sumner Welles, former Under Secretary of State, concerning Russia's corns-back in Asia...
...Powell which'the Japanese rushed to completion, following their seizure of Manchuria in 1031...
...Newark, N. J.: The S.D.F...
...He said, "It would he logical for the Soviet Union to demand that Russia be restored to the position she occupied prior to 1906, which included sovereignty over the whole of the Island of Sakhalin...
...It meant that Russia's total land area has been increased, actually or potentially, from a prewar eight or nine million square miles, to a future potential grand total of nearly twelve million square miles...
...It is reliably reported that at the end of June the Socialist Party (SDAP) had 180,000 applicants foi membership...
...Mongolia (Inner and Outer, or more properly Northern and Southern Mon-grlla), area 1475,094) square miles, or more than seven times the size of Texas...
...The state-owned and operated railways of Manchuria have always been a source of international conflict...
...That the President has failed so lamentably in dealing with this extraordinarily Important matter is a cause for the sincerest regret, precisely as' there has been much harm done by the abruptness with which his Administration notified the British that lend-lease was at an end...
...Every branch is called upon for full coopera-tien to make this meeting a huge success...
...Su g um u Ok ano Te tu nosaka, Japanese Communist leader, proposes th* organization of a "democratic league," a united front, as the basis of th* provisional government of Japan...
...that her present position in Sinkiang and Outer Mongolia be confirmed...
...The new Chinese-Soviet treaties make no mention of the disposition of the great Japanese industrial base in South Manchuria, which the Japanese built up at great cost since 100(1...
...The Nasi newspaper "Die ! Zeitung" continues publication...
...in the J. Warrhelawski Motorenfabrik, 12 Socialists and no Communists...
...Presumably, China will fall heir to this, as she should, in payment for Japanese destruction of the Chinese industrial establishment south of the Great Wall...
...I have traveled in all of them, except Sinkiang and Sakhalin, and have some idea of their immense size and potential resource...
...Publication of th* Soong-Stalin Treaty confirmed the premonition long held by students of Far Eastern affair*, that Russia's "come-back" In Asia makes Russia's come-back in Europe appear as a comparatively small land transaction...
...AUSTRIAN LABOR REJECTS COMMUNISM LoNDON—l .ahm sources are now receiving the first reported returns on shop steward elections in key plants in Vienna...
...Generalissimo Stalin stated ia hi* victory apcech that in 1918 Japan, taking advantage of the then hostile attitude or Britain, France, and the United State* toward the Soviet country . . . again attacked our country in the Far East . . ." Not quite accurate...
...Rep...
...The fart is that the USA intervened in Siberia precisely to circumvent Japanese imperialist expansion there, and Lenin expressed his appreciation of this intervention, without which Jspan would have seised vaat areas from Russia...
...Mao Tze-tung, the Chinese Red leader, answered the question in his book, China's New Democracy, wherein he declared that Chinese Communist dependence on Russia was vital, and that any cooperation between the Chinese Communists and the United States "is a temporary strategy...
...The Russian come-back in Asia is a startling development of our war in the Pacific...
...Green insisted that the AFL i* the dominant labor organization In th* USA and therefore entitled under ILO rules to sole representation...
...Branch meets Thursday, Sept- 13, at the Workman's Circle Center, Clinton Ave...
...Hut a very huagry bear, who walks like a man, got there first...
...City Executive Committee will ¦Met Wednesday, Sept...
...RusSIA'S agreement not to interfere in China's internal affairs is likewise of little consequence and is not new...
...and Claremont Parkway, Bronx...
...The Americans discovered this to be true when a Russian-French coalition blocked a number of American railway projects in north China and in Manchuria...
...With Japan out of the picture, China and Russia now rearrange their iater-ests and relations in northern and northeastern Asia in the form of a so-called "partnership," that appears on th* surface to be extremely complicated, as It involves the joint government-management of a vast railway system and two important ports, Port Arthur and Mai ren, previously under Japanese control...
...Asked whether he thought th* unemployed should be whipped to work, he replied that he was only "trying to teach a lesson in biology...
...Will the Ru«-s ans, in joint control of the Manchurian ? ail ways, look with favor upon th" rival C hinese base in South Manchuria...
...during hearings on th* unemployment compensation bill, commented cynically that talk about paying workers when they are not working reminded him of when the government fed starving elk in the Jackson Hole country: the elk ate alfalfa all winter, and in spring were fat and lazy, and "it was necessary to use bull whip* to drive them back to th* range...
...But in one case it was a question of good or bad manners, and of tact and consideration for a country whose future is very much in doubt...
...the spoil* of war...
...I wonder how many American* have any conception of the six* of the lands involved in these momentous developments...
...The fact that China's territorial integrity ha* been confirmed is of little significance, if the USSR should dominate the rall-w ays and ports...
...local there...
...Indeed, the vista of what might be achieved by a bona fide Pearl Harbor inquiry is such that it could easily become the beginnings of that vital reorganization of the Government of the United States which is s needed, which has indeed been promised by President Truman if Congress will give him the authority to go ahead untrammeled by it...
...Edward Scheiberling, commander of the reactionary American Legion, boasted that it will become a potent political force in national elections...
...America soantt to tell to everyone, but buy from no one, control the world't atrioay«, dominate the world'* thipping, and be the world'* banker," he complained...
...Stanley N. Kvans, British Laborite, appealed for continued economic aid 11 oh the USA, declaring that the alternative was for Britain to submit to political blackmail...
...Pennsylvania: August Claessens will speak at public meetings arranged by tht Workmen's Circle District Committee ?» Sundays during January and February in Hanixlniig, Shamokin, Beading, Wilkes-Barre, Scranton...
...But to satisfy my curiosity, I checked up on the figures in the StaUeman'e Year Book...
...in the Vienna breweries there were 10 Socialists and no ; Communists...
...To expect Army and Navy officers to go to the botton of issues like this, even if they are retired and their futures are, therefore, not at stake, is to expect the impossible...
...To date, such meetings are arranged in New York City Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Los Angeles . . . Ohio: Organisation work will be started shortly in Day ton and Cincinnati...
...in the Pearl Harbor case what was at stake was his faithful stewardship of the interest of the United States, bis sense of justice, his sense of duty toward his subordinates and his regard for the honor of our nation...
...Plans for public meetings and other activities in the near future will be made...
...The commission to be appointed by Congress should not only have the power to subpoena witnesses and to compel the production of documents— even those which Secretary Stimson still insists cannot be published because of their relation to the wars now over— it should also associate with itself some well-informed civilians, like Charles Beard, who are know to have given .? great deal of time and study to the investigation of this case to which they have no personal relationship whatever...
...Welles did not mention specifically either Manchuria or Korea, but his fore-easts turned out to be altogether too true...
...Since the deal* making these startling development* possible all date back to the Teheran and Yalta agreement*, it definitely establishes the historical positions of Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin as the world's greatest real-estate dealers...
...MISCELLANY • The Florida constitutional amendment prohibiting the closed shop was upheld by a panel of Federal judges against the CIO...
...Apfeldorf...
...In 1031, the Japanese rharged the Chinese with interference in the Japanese operation of the South Manchuria Railway and thus was precipitated the so-called Manchurian Incident, leading to Japan's occupation of all Manchuria, the leal beginning of World War II...
...Whether the new Sino-Russian partnership in northeastern Asia encompassed in the new treaty, will work out peacefully and satisfactorily for the Russians and the Chinese and world peace, only the future will determine...
...Binkiang, area 795,799 square miles, or about three time* the *ise of Texas...
...This wns done over China's protest and despite the fact that China owned a half-interest in the railway anil the further fact that the Soviets in 11117 had promised to restore the road to China, along with other "Czarist" imperial Interests In Asia...
...The three-way elections, between Socialist, Communist, and People's Party (Catholic) candidates, show a complete reestablish-ment of Socialist strength in the fast reviving trade union movement...
...Here they are: Japanese Sakhalin, area 13,9341 square miles, or about the site of Maryland and Connecticut...
...The Chinese lines bad to a new port, Hulutao, which was already competing with Japan«»« Dairen, prior ?·· the Japanese intervention...
...The most revealing headline of all, over a dispatch from Chungking in the World-Telegram, read: "Chiang Drops China's Claim to Mongolia...
...The case will be appealed to the Supreme Court...
...Comrade...
...Here are the returns in six plants: Graf u. Stift (auto plant) Soiialist People's Party Communist 270 200 ? Nordbahn (railway system) Socialist People's Party Communist 1(H) 500 42 Waagnei Hire (steel plant) Socialist People's Party Communist 580 210 27 In the Floridsdorfer Lokomotiven fa link, all 12 shop stewards elected were Socialist...
...ARG>ENTINf SUPPRESSES ANTI-NAZI PAPER { · The New Leader ha* Jaat r*c*)v*« the following cable: "Buenos Air**, ; September 4. The Prion Government has closed down "La Otra AUmaala (The Other tier man, ), th* only Sttti-' Nasi publication in th* German laa-' Kimme here...
...Ruetia promised not to interfere in China's domestic affairs in the Peking Treaty ef 1924, but tum in .im later introduced Communism at ('anion in alliance with the ?uolfintang leftists...
...witness the brief, but sharp and bloody' clash between the Chinese and Russians over the control - of the Chinese-Eastern Railway in Nocth Manchuria in 1929...
...California: Due to the distribution of the Social t)tm< <ra( in San Diego, contacts are increasing and effort* will be made boon te ?» gamie a S.D.F...
...One of the lignificant difference* between the adminittrationt af Roote-velt and Truman it that FDR gave priority to the CIO while hi* eweeteer favor* the AFL...
...Powell Former Editor, China Weekly Review, Shanghai, China...
...That explained why it was that, although war came on December 7, 1941, more than four months elapsed before the Army snd Navy would consent to con-duet Jointly the defense of the Atlantic Coast during which period our skip losses were enormous, notably in tankers...
...But we mult not forget that the USSR has also been bn ? building up a rival industrial base in Eastern Siberia, extending from the Luke Baikal district to the Maritime Province on the Pacific...
...As for the United States, the future Is equally speculative, for the United States and the USSR are now in direct contact at innumerable points In Asia, tif one thing wo may be certain, a matter I have frequently emphasised: th* United State* will b* to buty in the Fur Knut in the coming half-centmy, that the European angle of our foreign relation* will fnile into intignifieance...
...As Charles Beard has pointed oot in The Progressive, it vitally involves the whole question of the conduct of our foreign affairs in correlation with military preparation, the relations of the President, in shaping foreign policy, to the Congress, the best means of assuring efficiency in the management and use of the armed forces, the proposal to consolidate Army and Navy, and other similar questions...
...12, 8:30 p. m____ Local New York suffered the loss of twa old-timers who were very active in the early days of the movement: Berl Hotvtnik, member of the Coney Island Branch and noted author and critic, and Harry Be goon, member of the Amalgamated Cooperative Houses Branch, Bronx, and active trade unionist...
...Within a week after Russia declared war en Japan, on August 8, Soviet armies had established complete control of Southern Sakhalin...
...This psints up the sad lack of labor unity...
...No Army or Navy courts, no matter bow constituted, could possibly do justice to the utterly eensurable system under which the Army and Navy have refused steadily to roopersto with one another...
...are being arranged in many cities during toe present month to acclaim the great victory of the British Lahor Party and its lessons to American workers and the inspiration to strengthen the SDK Locals throughout the coan-try are announcing meetings planned and inquiries about speakers obtainable, etc...
...Harold ? nut son (It., Minn...
...But a serious squabble developed between China and the Soviet Union over the administration of the railway, resulting in armed conflict, which lasted nearly a year and resulted in heavy casualties on the Chinese side...
...20, at the Workmen's Circle Center, Washington Ave...
...NBW YORK CITY Leaflet* are ready for the Town Hall aus* moating on September 14...
...Wendell Willkie, who visited the lands of Central Asia on hit trip around the world, declared in One World: "There is enough explosive powder In Central Asia to blow the lid off the world again when the present fighting is over...
...In 11)27 'hitu u countries broke off diiAomalir...
...In 1932 the Soviet Union side-stepped another conflict with Japan by «-Hing the Chinese-Eastern Railway to the Japanese for a fraction of its value...
...In the history of man, there have been only MO year* when the earth ha* been entirely fro* of war...
...aaw called reparationa, should be equitably divided between the bear, the lion, and the eagle...
...We appeal for your solidarity in the fight for freedom of the press ia Argentina...
...Secretary of Labor Schwellenbach failed to get th* AFL, CIO, minera, and railroad brotherhoods to agree on joint representation in the International Labor Office...
...All applicants are being carefully checked for Nazi activities - From ? nrlilniri Press...
...Sine* the USSR planted th* original germs of the disease In China's Internal* twenty years ago, and the experiment has turned out so successfully (for the USSR), will Russia refrain from further experimentation in the future...
...Nothing -was said about the Chinese-owned railway system which zig-zags north and south, a considerable distance to the east of the Chinese-Eastern and South Manchurian linen...
...So great was that friction in peacetime that in i93k it . was necessary to call off the usual annual mid-winter joint Caribbean maneuvers of the Army and Navy, the reason being openly given to the press by the Washington brass hats that there was fear of actual hostility between the Army and Navy if they tried to cooperate — most delightful reading for Hirohito and Hitler...
...There is no point now in making forecasts concerning future calamities in Asia likely to result from this treaty...
...and that her financial and commercial interests, in Inner Mongolia be fully protected...
...If the Chinese are to control these lines exclusively, it may give them a vantage ground against the Russians, hut this vemains to be seen...
...Mr...
...Manchuria, area 593,913 square miles, or neatly twice the size of Texas...
Vol. 28 • September 1945 • No. 36
