There Can Be No Return to Prewar Poland
Ciolkosz, Adam
There Can Be No Return to Prewar Poland By Adam Ciolkosz jjp, StcMM UUm; Member, Polish tfott Council Gti August W. J»*Bi «n event of great importance nan place in Underground Poland. Four main...
...While a member of the Polish Socialist Party she maintained close relationships with the Communists...
...at the side of manual workers, peasants and intellectual workers stand the representatives of the industrialists and nuddle class...
...WaNDA WASSILEVSKA is the most important of these Polish Communists serving the Kremlin...
...After the September, 1939, campaign in Poland, he declared that he would consider as the highest honor that could be bestowed upon him a request for his services by the GPU...
...Among them are Adam Wazyk, Lurien Schoenwald and Elizabeth Smplinsks, three poets...
...Until the fateful day of June 22, 1941, when Germany invaded Russia, all the Polish Communists published articles damning the war as an imperialist conflict, castigating Churchill and Roosevelt as warmongers...
...She is the daughter of a famous Socialist and labor leader, who was partly responsible for the 1921 Treaty of Riga between Russia and Poland...
...They never played a very important role in Polish political life...
...Only group* which are willing to apply democratic principles ¦ad to reconstruct our country thoroughly, both serially and politically, ran shoulder the task of shaping the future...
...Within the Coalition there are four political parties representing the forces of various social classes...
...He joined the Lithuanian Communist Party and was elected to the Lithuanian National Assembly 1n 1940...
...The future will bring as the victory of democracy...
...The list could be extended by the inclusion of "totalitarian liberals" who are little more than obedient fellow-travelers and who become more and more nationalistic—plus Catholique que le Pape lui-meme—just as Browder is a more passionate patriot and advocate of free enterprise than the chairman of the United States Chamber of Commerce...
...The Polish Communists who were then in Russia, or who went there as refugees later when the war began, were executed, with few exceptions...
...Her career was quite adventurous before she married Alexander Korneichuk, Soviet playwright and now Foreign Commissar of the "autonomous" Ukrainian Soviet Republic—her third husband...
...This, our position as an •¦•Pendent country, a country which was the first to *"»nt Hitlerite aggression, a country whose people did •** indulge in compromises with the enemy, we do not **r*ly wish to retain but also to strengthen and secure **r centuries to come...
...Galina Koshutska, author of children's books, snd Josn ftronivaks, writer, are all old Communists...
...on the other hand, no other Poland than that based on Social Democracy is possible in postwar Europe, . . . We realise that the period of reconstruction of Poland cannot be at the same time the era of rebuilding the capitalist system...
...These are two aims closely linked with each other...
...They all remained in opposition to the pre-war regime in Poland...
...This is the only fair and democratic solution of the problem...
...In 1937, the Soviet Government dissolved the Polish Communist Party, declaring that it had become infiltrated by police agents from top to bottom, the Central Committee included...
...After the Russo-Polish agreement of 1941 she stopped writing about her Soviet fatherland and started writing about her Polish motherland...
...Polish Socialist and Peasant Party leaders were termed fascists, and it was said that they have not struggled against the Hitlerite invaders, but on the contrary have murdered Polish patriots...
...It is true, for many sins in the past, but at the same time bearing the achievements of twenty years of indejjfcalent existence and a definite and not purely Bymyjfcal position in the world...
...He died recently...
...The latter applauded the destruction of Warsaw because she considered it the city of big landlords...
...and vented into rests cannot carry out this task any mora than it could do so in the years before the War...
...This is the road which Poland attempted to follow a quarter of a century ago...
...Who are these Poles who serve as window-dressing in the Soviet's puppet group, people who hope to he installed in power in Warsaw by the Red Army...
...Jery Bvreisza, a writer from Warsaw, enjoyed high standing in the Polish Communist Party...
...Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Polish Republic, the leading Socialist paper W.R.N, writes: Twenty-five years ago We Were a nation deprived *f a concrete political constitution, torn asunder by **ree foreign Powers...
...During the period of Soviet-Nazi friendship, Wassilevska's family was brought from Germanoccupied Poland by joint courtesy of the Gestapo and GPU (NKVD-Russian secret police...
...Such is also the true voice of the Poland to come...
...Moscow Indicates Recognition of Polish Council A broadcast from Moscow of the Union of Polish Patriots seems to indicate that Russia will recognize the pro-Soviet National Council of Poland as its puppet government when Poland is liberated from the Nazis...
...When the Hitler-Stalin Pact was torn up by the Nazi invasion, Wassilevska became a Colonel of the Red Army...
...Any other solution, such as the imposition of its will by a minority, spells dictatorship and totalitarianism...
...She was paid large sums as royalties on her novels which had been translated into Russian...
...The coalition of the four Political parties does not rule out, indeed it even ^emphasises, the need of an ever closer alliance between Workers and peasants...
...Wassilevska applied soon for membership in the Ukrainian Communist Party and for Soviet citizenship...
...These four parties not only support the pnUjk Government in exile—as they have done from the beginning—but they also accept full responsibility for Its actiona...
...The final settlement of conditions within the various enterprises and the forms of public control will depend en the strength, solidarity and effective organization of the working masses...
...It must envisage the principle of cooperation based on equality and mutual respect instead of Intrigues and incitement, and deliver the power into the hands of the workers and peasants and not into those of bureau* crstie and militarist cliques...
...i^I.FKKII LAMI'K, working in the shadow of the more picturesque Wassilevska, was the brains of the pro Soviet Polish group...
...Their monthly Wolnoee (Freedom) says: "The Polish Socialist Movement received the agreement with satisfaction...
...Copies of the Underground Socialist areas, recently received in London, reply fully U thai question...
...Formerly secretary of the Polish Communist Party, he was the author of many articles in the Communist Wolna Polska often under a pseudonym...
...To the masses it could only bring misery and a nationalist witches' brew instead of bread and creative work...
...Stephen Vedryhovsky, also an old Communist, is an economist from Vilna...
...who'S who In the Union of Polish Patriots T\ll{()U<;H articles in the Russian ami American Communist press, and through the activities of proSoviet Polish groups in the United States headed by such men as Father Orlemanski and Oscar Lunge, the names of the leaders of the Moscow Union of Polish Patriots have become known to Americans interested in the Russo-Polish dispute...
...There is no other test of the equity of a certain measure than support for it by the majority ef the nation...
...The people will decide the final economic and political system of Poland in free general election...
...We cannot imagine the existence of the Polish Socialist Movement without the existence of an independent Poland...
...The broadcast went further than previous pronouncements of the Communists in lying about the Polish government in-exile and the Polish underground...
...Private enterprises, and, to s great extent, also the land, robbed and taken over by the occupying Power, cannot be returned to the owners of 1939...
...Our first and primary condition, therefore, when signing this agreement, was to accept the principle that the old capitalist system, private enterprises and big landed estates cannot return, and the factories which are today occupied by the Germans must be nationalized...
...But the task of the Socialists is far from being finished They remain Socialists also when they are in a coalition...
...These exceptions are the leaders now of the Union of Polish Patriots, presented to us as the only democratic leaders of the Polish people...
...She is Pilsudski's stepdaughter...
...But possibly after some experience In "the Socialist fatherland," some of these liberals will long for a Poland that Is actually free, with real democracy...
...lecturer at the Cracow Teachers College, started his long career as a Communist in early youth, as did his wife, Rronna Mandelbaam Stzersevsky, who served the Communist-led Workers International Relief for years...
...Therefore, In oar thoughts the fate of Poland is linked with the fate of that great social revolution which must destroy the prewar social and political system and confront the nations with great creative plans which would absorb human energies now employed in waging yarn...
...A Poland of landed gentry...
...fjajad an agreement to form a coalition on a welljejaed political and economic baais and to accept a -jjjttrfi truce until the time of the general election fa faiand...
...And we can only repeat today the testament of the People's Government, contained in the Manifesto of Lublin of November 7, 1918: "People of Poland, take in your strong and toilworn hunds the great task of liberation of your country, soaked with the sweat and blood of your fathers and forefathers, and bequeath to future generations a great, free and united motherland...
...And the Socialist press explains: "Past political experience and the understanding •f the spirit of the future have caused these three groups to be excluded from the coalition...
...Hence their frantic drive to find windowdressing among "liberals," who, being "guests" of Russia, found it difficult to resist the offer, especially since they were promised good jobs in postwsr Poland...
...Stan Stsersevsky...
...Excluded from the coalition are "Sanacja" (the supporters of the regime of 1926tt), Communists and Radical Nationalists confessing to Fascist slogans and tactics...
...Only a close cooperation between workers and peasants can produce the force Which, quite apart from its various political tasks, will ••sure for Poland the chance of pursuing the path of "del transformation...
...Those listed above are the brain-trust of the Union of Polish Patriots...
...Davies, in his foreword to her novel, The Rainbow, wrote that Wassilevska is "typical of modem, wartime Russia...
...When she fled from Warsaw in 1939 into Soviet-occupied Poland, she was cordially greeted by the Red Army and the CPU...
...they are assisted by fellowtravelers long known for their admiration of Stalin's Russia...
...Four main politparties, which together form a sort of an UnderSssjd Parliaasent, and can count on the support of T^^M-f like N per cent of the Polish electorate, con...
...George i'ansky, writer and literary critic...
...The broadcast came amid renewed efforts by the United States to conciliate Russia With the Polish government-jn-exile, which now seem doomed to defeat, as Churchill indicated in his speech this week...
...today, in spite of the occupation, *• are an independent and fighting nation, responsible...
...Such was the voice of Poland that emerged from the deluge of the last war...
...The coalition includes Socialists, the peasant Party, the Christian Labor Party, and the National Party...
...Victor Medresy Cross is a long-time Communist who has used many pseudonyms as a journalist and translator...
...There is absolutely no limit to Communist prevarication...
...We aim at the independence of our country and at social transformation based on democracy...
...Within the year she was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR—quite an achievement for one so young in the sacred precincts of the omnipotent party...
...jawdoes the Socialist Movement (called the Movement ef the Working Massea of Poland) envisage its rol, a* me coalition...
...To obtain thia aim an Internal transformation of Poland is necessary...
...We know, that there are serious 'ideological differences between these political movements, and *e are not closing our eyes to this fact Therefore, independently of the general agreement, which shows the part of the road we are going to travel together, but which does not solve finally all problems, our political program continues to aim at the closest possible alliance with the peasant masses...
Vol. 27 • May 1944 • No. 22
