Herbert Morrison Sees End of Colonial Empires in Post-War World
Morrison, Herbert
Herbert Morrison Sees End of Colonial Empires in Post-War World British Labor Points To Planned Commonwealth By HERBERT MORRISON COR several years the British people have * 'been passing through...
...Not all their jobs can be inherently attractive, but all can be' done with a sense of worth-while purpose as our jobs are done in wartime...
...That they have been a failure is not doubted in Washington...
...The boundary between dominions and dependencies is not fixed, and the trend is always toward freedom...
...Stalin did not want to fight anyone...
...In those instances it would he like giving a child of ten a latch-key, a bank account aad a shot-gun...
...The principle of growth is still active...
...Farmers may find the answer to many of their problems and the means of preserving much of what is best in wartime arrangements by schemes of mutual aid on a systematic basis...
...These preparations were accompanied by oft-repeated protestations of friendship with Germany, for the purpose of gaining time...
...At best "it is nothing more than ambulance and salvage work, rescuing and patching up social 'casualties, making good, so far as we can, the results of our failures in self-government...
...The growth of the Commonwealth is a model for a world long afflicted by problems arising from the unequal development of different lands and peoples...
...For this defect, public opinion at home must bear its share of responsibility...
...In the twentieth century, with the inevitable trend toward the centralized organization of big industry, private control has often tended toward ^Condensation of two addresses, one given at Swindon, England, December 20, 1942, and one given at Newcastle-on-Tyne, January 10, 1943...
...The German Government hopes to accomplish these aims during the course of one or two years, utilizing diplomatic negotiations, military threats, and internal political intrigue in the Soviet Union...
...Early in May, the new Vichy French Ambassador, Bergery, set out for Moscow...
...Nevertheless the clouds continued to gather...
...Hundreds of thousands of them bore the loss of home, material possessions, life and limb...
...We cannot leave them alone in monopolistic glory...
...and our minds begin to turn to the question of what sort of nation we hope to.make after the war...
...We have got to provide it, but not regard it as an end in itself...
...After the war the fate of our people will depend upon our power to put first things first...
...It is the duty of this or any other government to make provision for the minimum standard of life that will keep our population decently fed and properly looked after in illness, misfortune and old age...
...Moscow tried to appease him with enormous shipments...
...In the weeks -after Dunkirk, when there was scarcely a dependency that could not have get free from its British connection if it had been bursting to do so, the greet majority gave tangible proof of the most touching loyalty to their British connection...
...Many of the most remarkable examples of enterprise which the world can show have been public, from Britain's electricity grid to America's T.V.A...
...What, for instance, should we do with our natural monopolies and industries which cannot be carried on properly at all except on a monopoly basis...
...But who is an expert...
...Since then they have faced shock, boredom, crisis and disappointment, and they have kept their nerve, courage and devotion...
...There is no doubt that the collapse can be hastened by influences from without...
...We must be ready to spend more freely to set the colonies economically on their fast...
...Now we can look forward to days of victory, provided we do not regard it as easy or just .around the corner...
...But as long as Hitler did not lose hope DUEL FOR EUROPE: Stalin versus Hitler...
...The Kremlin was convinced more and more every day...
...i And what are the quali-I fications necessary to I be of assistance in tht | democratic struggle tc | destroy Hitlerism in I Germany and Europe...
...Every one of them achieved full self-government by the practical working out of the democratic principles expressed in the demand and capacity for self-government, and by the mother country's willingness to grant it freely...
...For a number of months, the relations between Germany and the Soviet Union continued to develop in a very 'satisfactory' way...
...All of them are men of proven strong character, are tested, honest, intelligent, capable and competent personalities of Germany's public life...
...Distrust toward the western democracies was thick and heavy in ruling Soviet circles...
...We cannot rouse ourselves and others to the heights of achievement with the slogan of minimum subsistence for all...
...Scott cities figurea on Soviet exports to Germany...
...They had bet on a prolonged war of attrition in western Europe, which would have offered Russia plenty of time to prepare for any eventuality...
...But the Birmingham merchant did not have the consistency and fortitude to pursue any policy through to its logical conclusion...
...Russian resources must be made available to a greater degree to Germany...
...This means that millions of free Germans in Germany, of their own free will, have elected these men as their representatives and made them officeholders...
...True, it often seems that this cynicism is a pose...
...This is quite obviously the conviction of the Allied governments, for they have organized especially comprehensive organizations for this very purpose...
...Can we afford to do this...
...the situation changed...
...We shall have to approach all problems on the basis that the interest of the community comes first...
...Of course, the Nazis—and similarly'.A, Communists, too—have now for ten years with cunning deliberation planted a slogan all over the world—not without success—the slogan at the "discredited leaders"—because they were and are afraid of these forces...
...After the war no power will be able single-handed to ensure its own security...
...If the Empire were to try, it would cripple itself in the attempt, and I doubt if it could succeed...
...The basic aims of Germany with regard of Russia are as follows: " 1 . Russia must be incorporated into the New-Order i in Europe, i.e., trade barriers must fall...
...It is doubtful whether it was ever true in the past...
...They are experts in the complicated problems of the German people...
...At the same time Scott almost seems to condemn Chamberlain for signing a mutual assistance pact with Poland...
...But it would be a most pernicious fallacy to think any plans and policies we adopted at home could secure the prosperity of our people unless means were found to achieve the two great aims which must govern and dominate world policy after the war—universal security and universal prosperity...
...Almost all these men were elected to public office by their electorate in the many German states, provinces and cities in the last free elections in Germany in 1933—before Hitler expelled them by force...
...the British did not desire a real understanding with the U.S.SR., but were negotiating "with the intention of pulling exactly the same sort of trick as the Russians...
...I would say can we afford not to do it...
...They anxiously listen for voices, for signs of rescue, for hints...
...After all, these men finally arrived at' a more . intelligent conception of the real meaning of the Nazi dictatorship much earlier than others who made similar mistakes...
...Only in a wider system of political security will the Commonwealth find its own salvation...
...To these ends the self-governing peoples of ^he British Commonwealth have something to give which the world certainly needs...
...It has rejected all temptation to be a monopolist...
...The fall of France banished all such illusions...
...The sole test must be whether or not public interest is served...
...To be sure, the men of the 'Weimar Republic have made many mistakes...
...From that moment the Soviet Union began to prepare feverishly for war...
...After an absence of two hours he returned beaming broadly—the Soviet-German pact had been "initialed...
...In this book, however, Scott holds fast to his Realpolitik assumptions...
...If we want constructive policies and progressive purposes in colonial government, we cannot expect fhem to grow spontaneously out of administrations on the spot * » • J want, therefore, to see the adoption in still * fuller and more practical spirit of the principle of administering the colonies positively for the benefit of their own people...
...We shall need each year a statement of cost, not merely of the government social services and the armed forces, but also Of the national needs for wages and salaries, new capital outlay and capital repairs and renewals...
...They were formerly members of the German federal and state legislatures, cabinet members, mayors, judges, professors, college presidents, teachers, government officials, trade union leaders, city commissioners, editors, etc...
...Soviet military experts, including Russia's greatest strategists, had miscalculated German strength and French weakness...
...But if there is a conflict of short-term interest —for instance between the needs of the world for more raw materials and the needs of colonial peoples to grow more food for themselves—then their need must come first without question...
...the slowing down of men's hands and minds...
...There are many explanations, some based on diametrically opposed reasoning, and only a few can be considered within the scope of a brief article...
...Hitler remained deaf to all Moscow's attempts at rapprochement...
...IRRESPECTIVE of what was ten years age, * one thing is certain today: That old slogan of the "discredited leadersTjs no longer valid today...
...Scott, who spent nine years in the Soviet Union (cf Behind the Urals), left Vladivostok for the United States on June 20, 1941, on the very eve of attack...
...Herbert Morrison Sees End of Colonial Empires in Post-War World British Labor Points To Planned Commonwealth By HERBERT MORRISON COR several years the British people have * 'been passing through great experiences, and they have borne themselves bravely in the face _of them...
...But no one can explain the progress that has taken place since the commencement of the British connection—progress in public order, health, income, education, social services and operation of motives aad policies quite other than commercial...
...And the United States has all the means for translating this respect into reality—the strength of ideas as well as the purely material power...
...One important factor has been mentioned repeatedly by Dr...
...Rudolf Katz, himself a prominent figure in the municipal life of the Weimar Republic, italicizes the American failures to make use of these cadres of German democracy...
...It seems very easy for the "Putzi" Hanfstaengls to move into the inner councils facing the problem: What About Germany...
...It may be that instead of leaving them to private hands, tied down and hedged about by a tangle of statutory restrictions or bureaucratic checks, we should get better national service from them if they were turned into public corporations like the Central Electricity Board, the London Transport Board, or, in another sphere, the B.B.C...
...NE of the main motives for the acquisition of many of the colonial territories was commercial...
...Social control of production may take different forms...
...TTHERE will be a substantial place for the co-operative movement in trade and agricultural production and marketing...
...In the spring of 1939...
...His article is an important document in the widespread movement of American liberals to reorient U. S. political and psychological warfare against Hitler...
...On August 16, Count von Schulenberg, the German Ambassador, held a great reception, in the midst of which he was summoned to the Kremlin...
...That means turning our backs forever on schemes of restriction of goods or labor...
...These men know the German people, their attitude, their way of thinking...
...And while they listen, their ears are atuned particularly to German voices...
...In his diary Scott recorded the information which Bergery transmitted to "two American journalists": "The German General Staff asserts that its army could defeat the Red Army and occupy the Caucasus and the Ukraine in three weeks to three months...
...The next day the missions met as usual, the Russians this time bringing up thoroughly concrete demands: The Red Army was to operate in the Lvov and Stanislavov districts and part of the Nogogrudok and Vilno districts from the day of the outbreak of war...
...In peacetime it was selling the colonies only about one-quarter of the goods they bought, and made no difficulty about their sending elsewhere nearly two-thirds of what they produced The great rubber plantations of Ceylon sent most of their products to America, and Malaya sent four times as much of her wealth of rubber and tin to America' as to Britain...
...Every dominion began as a dependency annexed by settlement or conquered by the sword...
...From this point of view he categorically condemns the Chamberlain government for its refusal in the summer of 1939 to grant the Soviet Union the right to occupy - the Baltic States and part of Poland as the price of Soviet alliance with England and France...
...After the war we, as a community, shall have to set about making the best living we can...
...But until recently there has not been enough drive, system and urgency about our attempts to organize the economic life and better livelihood of the colonial -peoples...
...and if we succeed, it will and should be an ever-lessening part...
...There is no doubt whatsoever that they are able to contribute enormously to the clarification and solution of that important problem...
...379 pp...
...Voroshilov also began asking about Polish mobilization plans and the possible extent of prospective direct Anglo-French assistance to Poland...
...Stalin knew it," and tried "to make contact with Hitler...
...In the longterm sense, the interests of the colonial people are in line with those of the rest of the world...
...Bot '"many of the younger and less experienced Soviet officials took Ribbent rop at face value land envisaged decades of peaceful cooperation between the two countries...
...The peoples of the Commonwealth will be quite unable to work out policies of economic welfare for themselves on a basis of exclusive cultivation of their own imperial garden...
...For what they knew was right, they entered this war and challenged its terrors...
...There is nothing in it to suggest a duel between Stalin and Hitler for Europe— Stalin's whole foreign policy was permeated by the determination to avoid involvement in a great war, particularly a war with Germany...
...Do not misunderstand this word "control...
...It seems incomprehensible that this exceptionally important group has not been utilized at all in the present-dap crisis of a lack #/ competent forces...
...attitude is that of a close yet dispassionate observer...
...THE book, it ought to be noted, is incorrectly * titled...
...As one who matured in Soviet Russia • during the decade when the Stalinist system came into full bloom, he has an undertone of scorn toward "some sensitive persons" who believe that questions of "justice," "aesthetic desirability" and "correctness" play any role in foreign policy...
...The Twilight of Soviet Isolationism-Stalin's Path to "June 22,1491" By SOLOMON M. SCHWARTZ IF one were to attempt to characterize in a . * single word Soviet foreign policy during the period preceding the invasion of Russia, that word would be "isolationism...
...And what should be done with industries which are not natural monopolies, but by growth and development in modern conditions have come nearer to being monopolies through the operation of mergings and trade agreements or cartels, like the iron and steel or chemical industries...
...German Army circles are putting pressure on the government (on Ribbentrop and-Hitler) to settle outstanding, difficulties with Russia peacefully...
...It has been many week since I have seen any Soviet official of an rank," Cripps told Scott...
...We should have an annual economic and industrial budget as we now have an annual financial budget...
...The Soviet brand of isolationism is well portrayed by John Scott in his extremely interesting book, although Scott himself does not use the term...
...The picture today is far from perfect...
...On she whole end with some exceptions, I would credit us with e humane, decent, fair-minded attitude toward lees advanced peoples in oar charge...
...One should assume that all this, properly presented, should make a deep impression upon the masses of the German people...
...Here the answer may be that the community will best serve itself by standing aside, apart from insisting upon proper business practice and standard minimum pay and conditions for employees of all grades...
...of the amazinz growth of iSoviet "re-exports" whereby Germany obtained Soviet products through the extraordinary imports of the same commodities by the Soviet Union from the United States...
...Lately we all have been -thinking about a great post-war plan—the Beveridge plan for social security...
...There is not the slightest doubt that the German people today are in the slough of the deepest despair...
...They are outstanding specialists for German questions— each one of them in one field or the other.- All of them are simultaneously also specialists for the most difficult "German problem" of today...
...Under these circumstances, the sudden signing of the Soviet-Japanese neutrality pact in the Spring of 1941 should have served, the Kremlin believed, to lessen the danger of war...
...On the nineteenth there was a change ia Voroshilov's attitude...
...Hitler, on the other hand, was becoming more and more uncompromising and demanding...
...The thing that matters is to secure in these large-scale basic industries a due measure of public guidance and public accountability...
...Germany had signed a pact with Russia for the principal purpose of avoiding a twofront war...
...He began to bluster...
...They must talk, many of them, all of them, not just once, not for a single week, but far months and months, day after day and night after night...
...After the war the whole British Commonwealth, not the colonies alone, will need and win want to adopt as a condition of survival, enlightened policies of international co-operation...
...These men—and not only individuals like Thomas Mann, whose splendid radio addresses during the last year and a half have undoubtedly not been without effect—have somethmg to say today to the German people...
...The United States—and not England—possesses the necessary prestige and is properly respected by the German people...
...It does not want to try this, however, because it would be extremely expensive and would disrupt German supplies for some time...
...We do not want to turn Britain into a corporative state and adopt Fascism in economic forms...
...I do not believe in trying to whip them into achievement with the lash of fear and want...
...For a number of reasons—and it would lead too far afield to enumerate them all here—the United States, far more than England, is predestined to further this process of spiritual change among the German people...
...Houghton Mifflin Co...
...Why are they not permitted to talk to the German people...
...There are kinds of business where individual enterprise has a lot of value even in modern conditions—small businesses and some kinds of medium and small-scale manufacture...
...But Stalin's expectations were not realized...
...And also for certain other elements of dubious technical value and political reliability...
...By John Scott...
...Rather it is likely to be exceptional...
...But a public concern in form is certainly not a universal panaeea...
...Oil r?e of reaching an understanding with conservative circles in England and France, which would have secured his rear and freed his hands for war against the Soviet Union...
...Here I do not advocate impractical, spendthrift policies', bat the casting of our breed upon the waters so that it returns to us with the growth of contented, progressive communities and valued economic partners whose progress serves not only themselves but us and the rest of the world...
...From August sixteenth on it was just a question of playing the Anglo-French missions for as much as they were worth...
...But the hundreds of democratic German leaders trained by experience, who are now in America, and who are willing and able to be of service in the crucial political warfare against Nazi allegiances, are for the official war effort just so many "forgotten men...
...They feel themselves in a dead-end street from which there is practically no escape...
...There could no longer be any doubt that wa was near...
...Furthermore, it is fro longer acute...
...Because the German people can no longer trust these leaden, and because they actually have long since ceased to trust them, that is why today the German people are listening so desperately (invoices from the outside...
...Scott's own political "philosophy," if it is possible to speak of it as, such, is neither substantial nor important...
...Private undertakings ore sesponsible to no one hot their shareholders, aad we sho%Id not have en ear consciences the irresponsible handling by powerful bodies of the economic destinies of these* partially developed peoples...
...Sooner or .later the question of the or organization of Soviet industry and agriculture will have to be dealt with, German specialists will have to be introduced in the Soviet economy as advisers and administrators...
...While Schulenburg was in the Kremlin on the sixteenth, Voroshilov and all the Anglo-French, as well as Soviet, missions were dining at the French Embassy in a very friendly manner...
...There must go with this policy of economic development a policy of labor advancement end of enabling undeveloped and partially developed communities to get practical training in political arts and governmental capacity...
...than an era of German-Soviet coopera• tion was dawning...
...The British Government puts a lot of money each year into the colonies and seeks no commercial return...
...He said the same things he had said previously but with sound and fury rather than conviction...
...I Enterprise does not have to be private in order to be enterprise...
...Onr'people have the right to be well fed and shod and housed and schooled...
...But we can combine forward policies in education with opportunities for native peoples to take a developing part in the forme of self-government appropriate to their own circumstances...
...We know .very well that this slogan of the "discredited leaders'' has not remained without effect...
...It would be sheer ignorant and dangerous nonsense to talk about grants of full self-government to many of the dependent territories for some time to come...
...Moscow maneuvered between Hitler and the Allies,' but "during June and July French business men in Moscow remarked on several occasions that Mikoyan and other officials of the Commissariat of Foreign Affairs were working and planning as though the Anglo-French negotiations were doomed to failure...
...en the ether hand, an internal collapse must result in military defeat I want to deal here only with the problem of the desired internal collapse...
...Or is there any reason why they should net...
...Like all other people in utter distress, their ears are wide open...
...Churchill informed Soviet Ambassadc Maisky of the Hess proposal...
...We shall have to estimate the size of the state budget and the national income as a whole and relate it to the demands we want to make upon it...
...It is important for them to hear German voices which are familiar to them from former days, voices which have something concrete to say in the German people's horrible present-day dilemma...
...The myth of a selfsufficient Empire has gone the way of other historical illusions, and I hope and believe that British common sense has said good-bye to it forever...
...The right basis to start from is that there should not be any standing army of unemployed, any sick of a preventable disease, any elderly people decrepit and infirm before their allotted span...
...As a matter of fact, they have a lot to say...
...We are not greedy exploiters...
...Our economic life must be organized directly to achieve the object of a right standard of public well-being...
...But who has sot...
...Scott maintains that in the Summer of 19.39...
...I ^believe that education is a better taskmaster ¦than unemployment, leadership than want, faith than fear...
...Does anyone seriously believe that it is more appropriate to attempt to finish the war merely by a military victory and not by the added shortcut via the internal collapse...
...In the Summer of 1940, this idyll came to an abrupt end...
...The Myth About "Discredited Leaders" U. S. Fails to Use Exiled Democrats In Political Warfare Against Nazis By Rudolf Katz IT is apparent that the war can end only in 1 one of the following two ways: Either by a complete military victory of the Allies, or by a collapse of the Hitler system, brought about by internal disintegration...
...They would like to find a way—any way—to steer a clear course between the scylla qf Hitler terror and the charybdis of the catastrophic consequences of a "national defeat" which Goebbels has conjured.up before their eyes...
...TPHE United States is fortunate in having * today approximately 100 to 150 men here who represent the best of German public life of the pre-Hitler era...
...In Berlin on July 22, 1939, formal negotiations for a Soviet-German trade pact began...
...No wonder that they are glued to the radio...
...OUT what is a social (security plan...
...Negotiations with London and Paris continued in Moscow, and at the end of July the Allies sent their delegations to reach a military understanding with Russia...
...I t has been more than six months since have seen Molotov...
...IN any event, with the pact signed on August * 23, 1939, the question became: did the Kremlin believe that it would endure?—"The experienced and wily Stalin," writes Scott, probably remained true to his "sound skepticism," however much "he would have liked to believe is the possibility of a long-term Soviet-German working agreement, economic and political...
...Soviet Russia's position was mad more difficult by the fact that even at this lat hour—May, 1941—the Soviet politicos continue to distrust Great Britain...
...En route to the Soviet capital, Bergery stopped in Berlin...
...If we make it our ideal and let it hypnotize us, we shall relapse into fatty degeneration of the -spirit, and lose even the security at which we 'aimed so exclusively...
...They have the right to achieve those things and enjoy a sense of constructive usefulness in doing so...
...One definite class of leaders, however, is thoroughly discredited in Germany today: the Nazis aad their clique who have plunged the German nation into its present catastrophe...
...And their need for help in management, industrial and agricultural technique and up-to-date methods of distribution and marketing should he seat sa* She asoj eflon est d^elopteemt .basse* form of p^iblT^oirtTo^Nowhere toTThe world is there •'stronger ease for the anligatened work of such public economic instrumentalities then in the colonies...
...But Soviet off cialdom apparently suspected that even this wa a British provocation intending to drive a "Anglo-American wedge between Germany an Russia...
...that the young author will some day attain a more serious level of political understanding...
...I would credit us also with the laying of foundations of a good system d? law and public administration...
...These men come from all sectors, each one of them is deeply linked with that Germany which still is alive under the terrible outside Nazi appearance...
...On June 6th, Scot saw Sir Stafford Cripps, who was then th British Ambassador to Moscow...
...What is the reason, therefore, that up to now —generally speaking—the efforts of the United States in this field have proven a complete failure...
...And they certainly are the ones who should be able to help answer the difficult question of "how and what to tell the German people...
...The answer may be anything from a public corporation to some form of management under a board of directors with a nationally nominated chairman...
...Verily, the era of the Weimar Republic must appear to the German people as a veritable paradise compared to that which they are compelled to suffer today...
...In the nineteenth century it might have been true to contrast the vigor and freshness of private- enterprise with the restrictive effect of public regulations...
...But if it did not, the instinct of common humanity would prompt us not to leave our brothers and sisters in fear and need while our national family has the means to lift them up to decent living...
...In considering these two possibilities, one need not consider that both phenomena are interrelated: A military defeat automatically brings in its wake the internal collapse...
...Commercial interest still plays a part not always beneficent...
...von Henting: Up to now, there has been no official declaration from the American Government to the German people...
...On June 22, 1941, it met a violent death "Experts* ! 'I'HE formula is hardly a new one...
...I do not believe in the moral value of impos' ingJ insecurity on people for their own sake...
...The colonial record has had blots and blemishes...
...Interestingly enough, it seems likely that Voroshilov knew nothing of the German negotiations and the initialing of the agreement until at least three days later...
...In our time a policy for future social security can play but a part...
...We have not adopted wartime public control for control's sake or only to keep naughty producers in order...
...Had he betrayed just one more country and sold Poland down the river, Hitler and Stalin would probably have quarrelled over the partitition of Poland, and Chamberlain's long-standing dream would have been realized — a Soviet-German war with Britain neutral, attempting to hold the balance of power...
...In the following article...
...On August 10, the Anglo-French military missions arrived in Moscow...
...TO ensure a full national output and a proper welfare standard for all, much of the social control of production which we have learned to accept and value during the war will need to be continued during the peace...
...But almost simultaneously negotiation began between Moscow, and London and Paris...
...The Soviet brand of isolationism celt brated its last victory...
...France out of the way, the picture changed, particularly since Hitler expected a British defeat and a negotiated peace within a few weeks...
...As long as France was a great power, as long as the French air force and the Maginot Line stood in Hitler's way, Berlin found it-necessary not only to be polite to the Russians, but to share the spoils very generously with them...
...In this world civil war, they regard themselves as part and allies of the United Nations...
...He had been an industrial worker and later a correspondent for British and American newspapers, and his...
...That there has been material progress from which native populations have benefited, I am well aware...
...Soviet military publications featured long treatises _ wherein the Red Army Staff's surprise and *~ anxiety were thinly clothed in technical phrases...
...Most of them contain conquered minorities of other nationalities or races...
...Russia must join the Axis, and the ,Sovict Government must give substantial (guarantees of its friendly attitude toward Germany, i.e., the Red Army must be partially demobilized, Moscow must break relations with London...
...It was not surprising that - - "Authoritative Soviet officials expressed astonishment and considerable worry at the speed and effectiveness with which Germany had swept to the Atlantic...
...People have not been interested enough in the colonies...
...The mere instinct of self-preservation warns us not to allow the continued existence of a depressed, insufficiently fed minority...
...We have adopted it because of the paramount need to put the interest of the whole community first, and because it is the best way of getting the most of what we want...
...Some forms of economic activity, like postal and telegraphic communications, would respond well to ownership and management by a department of-state...
...of the tremendous increase of traffic bound for the Reich over the Trans-Siberian Railroad...
...and Russia's Dnieper dam...
...They are upright democrats...
...In April, Astakhov, the secretary of the Soviet Embassy in Btrlin (whom Scott had known in Moscow) was already shaping the basic contours of the Soviet-German understanding...
...If we ever again dabble in such schemes, our national future will be threatened and our plan of social security will become a burden instead of a benefit, a load on our shoulders instead of a weight off our minds...
...The countries of the Commonwealth need the rest of the world ) u.4' as it needs them as a market and source of supplies...
...No one could be quite so foolish...
...Scott recognizes only the validity of Realpolitik in its oversimplified and vulgarized sense...
...I ask nothing better for Britain than that she should face her own problems and those of the world's future in the spirit in Svhich she has faced the storms of war, putting'first things first and spirit above matter...
...Even I old Socrates knew that I the experts had to be i called in when vital ; jobs had to be done And so they need to be...
...It will be suicidal after the war for financial authorities and governments to stand by while great industries are mbfe than half idle and great areas of the cotmtry are in distress...
...These are the great basic industries on which depend the national well-being in peace and safety in war...
...Many utterances by ministers have already given proof of the government's intention to bring about a more secure standard of life for our people...
...But from an early stage this original motive as far as official policy is concerned was influenced to an increasing extent by the motive of duty and the 'sense of a job to be done for people whom we found in our care...
...The Hess flight to Scotland in May, 194: perhaps even increased Moscow's distrust c England...
...Russia was not prepared for a major war...
...If such action would shorten the war by only a month, only a week, yes, even only a single day, it would have proven its value...
...A second factor is the failure to take notice of and to utilize the many former German democratic leaders who are at present residing in this country...
Vol. 26 • January 1943 • No. 5
