Labor Extends Political Activities As Critics Hit Home Front Policies
Labor Extends Political Activities As Critics Hit Home Front Policies Nat'l R.R. Strike Looms Over Vinsen Decision; Lewis-WLB Peace Near iFron New Leader Washington Bureau) WASHINGTON, D....
...This week, William Green called on all State Federations of Labor and Central Labor Unions to name official delegations to interview their Congressmen on legiaiaiiac_aflect:ng the interests df American workers...
...Crosswaith is also chairman of the Negro Labor Committee representing ever 800,000 Negro and white workers in both A.P.of L and CJ.O...
...X.> The riots in Detroit, Los Angeles and Harlem have raised those ajaoatfcem: Hoe would American cities behave if sahjaotsd to she kind ef bombing experienced in Germany, England...
...rWticaliy, they remained and still remain on ft* same status as their fellow-Algerians, that h, citizens of Algeria, f The question of full French citizenship, in•hed of merely Algerian citizenship, is rather fannlaz from the French point of view, but not ksnperable...
...The CIO has launched a number of regional conferences to organise political activity, and on a quieter scale the AFL has gone ahead with its- plana...
...Italia Libera...
...were estimated to reach a million persons...
...Hoodlum elements in Harlem, by venting their frustrated wrath on business properties, showed where the shoe really pinched...
...The continued existence of tint ALP as an independent party bears heavily en the croeial elections of 1944...
...Editor, The New Republic...
...A fourth party, whose political purpose at this time appears to be a mild reformism without Socialism, may offer some hope to the old-line parties of splitting the labor vote without presenting a serious challenge to the entrenched forces of capitalism...
...The coal miners' leader limited his remarks mainly* to -the argnawnt mat travel **me for miners underground was hasardous in fenny ways, that it was not like riding in the New York subway, and that for inch risks miners should be compensated...
...This discussion has shed some new light on issue snatched from before their very eyes...
...The blood-and-iron French MB*) administration kept showing them why ¦Nnr over 70 years...
...t. , A lessening of Labor Board iiUransigennce towards the coal miners was indicated by Public Board Member Wayne Lyman Morse, who previously had always taken a "tough" attitude...
...In Canada, the Communist Party was illegal and during the Hitler-Soviet pact Tim Buck was sought by the Canadian police for his anti-war activity...
...There was indication that the War Labor Board light be only too happy to embrace any reasonable "out" in its long-standing fend with John L. Lewis...
...Editor's Note:—Shortly after the dissolution of the Comintern, The New Leader warned that Communist parties in various countries would attempt to broaden their scope and split labor groups favoring vigorous social informs...
...And revenge for^the murder of Carlo Rosselli, caught by Fascist agents in France in 1937, was also being carried through—but on a political scale...
...obey aee well tenured at law rates, aad •bar stand ia Mao to obtain epneiel eeefPreaoanot RaasavtiC Upon their aJstharge from the Army, moat of the men...
...Following farther inqairies, this writer is h i position to state on reliable informs; -rtaa that French authorities in North Africa inertly will announce a comprehensive exI tension of fall French citizenship en an * egsal snd democratic basis to both the Jewlea and Arab populations of Algeria...
...It is unfortunate that the policeman shot a Negro soldier, which served .as a fuse to light an already existing racial magazine which was ready for explosion...
...Violence and iloodshed is not, the road to racial peace and ooperation and community racial advancement Violence begets violence, hfooshad begets bloodhad and always the minority group* are the hief victims...
...Antonini further: charged that Commu¦hrt spokesmen had sought to mske alli•Xes with Generosp Pope, Antonini stated: "Vito Marcantonio went to the extent *f calling Pope on: the telephone and tell - *« Pope that he was the only sincere Wend of his...
...Or would aaarafij prevail...
...Lewis-WLB Peace Near iFron New Leader Washington Bureau) WASHINGTON, D. C—The increasing P">»sure of labor dissatisfaction with the conduct of the war on the home front appeared this week to be making' some impression here...
...Party...
...and Bruno Zevi...
...rehgiooo, labor-erganisnlhma and all means lawful and orderly, or social protest...
...The Justice and Liberty movement, founded in 1925 by Carlo Rosselli (with ftaMnno Salveminii...
...Yet Mareantomo and Cap...
...Whshvieke propagandists a f hysteria are trying to get the innocent all excited ever the notion that aceep tin g the sword of Italian surrender from the King or Badoglio implies therebv some sort of a "seal," responsible officials in the government here and in London are praying that they will not have to accept the sword of surrender from a democratic Italy...
...As an important State Department official phrased it: "Why start a democratic regime oat with two strikes en iCt T M poor old Weimar Republic tried for 16 years to live down the fact that they rather than the Kaiser wer- the symbol of national ignomhry—o fart which Hitler used to tneh- undoimr...
...Negroes must stand op and fight for their constitutional and economic rights with the ballot, constructive agitation, education th roagh moral...
...The Action Party does not include .the Communist Party amhates The Communist Party of Italr in its underground paper "L'Uaita" (February 28 issue) did not conceal its dm- * ¦ agreement with, the Action...
...Mark Starr, Educational Director, lotern'l...
...Union for Democratic Action...
...The Marcantonio group announced the *•*• that Vice-President Wallace and Ar• »»ee.ting in Madison Square Garden and we Toscanini will speak," Antonini canJ...
...He alse enclosed with his Tester the record votes of all Representatives and Senators on the anti-labor ConnallySmith act...
...Editor, The New leader...
...U $ ftfo+s • f r m Stye The fierce riots that broke oat 40 Harlem Sunday night again reminded aha en entry that there was a good deal of dyaaoaiae etfil lying a so and, particularly with reapoaVtojgka Negro population but also with reeaeet to foreignborn groups such as the Mexiaaao ia Los Angeles and foreign-born and forakjp»-e)aoce«ded ir Detroit...
...And Administration circles were far from happy over the fact that Economic Czars James F Byrnes and Fred M. Vinson have apparently "netted up" a possible national railway strike...
...Professor of Education...
...was striking open blows at Italian reaction...
...We must also see .to it that the tragic affair is not pounced upon, by self-seeking politicians and others with a special axe to grind, as a platform from which to sell their spurious wares...
...The French have always been bathe to grant French citizenship to the nomadic Portion of the Algerian population...
...This underground nucleus organized antifascist and anti-war strikes in July which dsiialqiid in the present uprisings...
...They asked the Rothschilds...
...Coal miners were new spending an average of 56 hours a week underground, he said...
...Although this is a period of racial tension, it is well for us frankly and fearlessly to face the fact that this outbreak of disorder in Harlem is merely a symptom of a deep chronic disease of racial segregation, discrimination and injustice, to the Negro people...
...between Secretary Hull and ajolph Held, chairman of the Jewish Labor vj—Bnittee in New York...
...Morcanfomo Sought Support of Gene Pope, Antonini Charges 'The United Americans of Italian Origin *sr United Nations Victory, organized this by Vito Marcantonio was branded as •Communist front by Luigi Antonini...
...This southern conference . follows other regional conferences held in Philadelphia and Chicago to organize CIO political action...
...Among them are Alberto Tarchian...
...h« Cremieux Decree was supposed to create good-will at that critical point . Perhaps it did...
...Russia...
...Algeria is officially a part of metropolitan France...
...I- know-1 can apeak for 99% of the great mass of Negroes ot Harlem that we are definitely and unqualified!j iggssii to all forms of hoodlumism, the destruction of property, the attack upon shopkeepers , and any disregard for law enforcements...
...itlhe facts are these...
...And that made the North itntaa Arab in his resentment a ripe subject t?gxif propaganda...
...The Algerian shave been living there for 700 years or ¦ore, and—as Kenneth G. Crawford, the noted |*«MTespondent...
...A larger part appears due to delib¦jate propaganda...
...Buck at the masV "RRCtlng on Sunday night reveals that his criticisms of the CCF are almost identical with those made by Liberal and Conservative speakers...
...The United States, Lewis declared, was the only civilised nation1 in the world in which miners were not paid on a "bosnk-to-bank" basil, and he argued that coal diggers ware entitled to pay for every moment of the tons they worked at their hasardous occupation underground...
...Harlem, -ike many other communities, white aadHsaptfi>> native and foreign-born, is suffering from Mgb prices, renting gouging and rising taxation...
...Negro soldier, it might have been something else...
...Since early Monday morning he and A. Philip Randolph have been speaking on the street earners and over the radio and cooperating with the Mayer and others in restoring order-to Harlem.—Editor's Note.] 250 Leading Liberals Back ALP in Primary An appeal to enrolled American Labor Party voters to preserve the party as "a vigorous political force," made this week by 250 New York liberals, who declared that the continued existence of the ALP as an independent party "bears heavily on the crucial elections of 1&44 " Among those signing the sppeal were: William M. Agar, Acting President, Freedom House...
...Pandemonium, noting, racial fighting aad lootkag wonld nrwvall Comment By JONATHAN STOUT * WASHING i uiN, u. o.— rr»e problem of the tilieieeT Decree and the return of citizenship _ the Jews of French North Africa came back _ the headlines this week as the result of an ajenange of letter...
...the broadcasts, made by Dr...
...Ever since its promulgation it has been a source of political trouble .fipthat the native population wanted eitizenihk*taken away from the Jews, but in that they .•sated the same thing for themselves and •ykln't see why not...
...circulation in Milan has reached 50,000 copies a week...
...gravely concert bout the people in the Harlem community demonstrating their capacity %i cooperation with layor LaGuardia's law enforcement agencies n maintaining law and i order...
...The hoodlums and other irresponsible elements who embarked upon the campaign of rampage and destruction over an exaggerated rumor have done mora harm to the Negro than good, and the decent and responsible people of Harlem must see to it that the unsound social and economic soil out of which such unsocial conduct grows is removed snd corrected...
...The important thing is that the racial magazine of economic and social dynamite is here and it is s result of a long series of social, economic snd political injustices heaped upon the Negro people...
...I hope," the Italian anti-fascist "¦der said, "that these men will inireati ••te before lending their names to Com**ust fronts...
...If it had not been the shooting of the...
...Similar developments may be expected in other - countries...
...aaJeas conditions alter very mach...
...Negroes and Mexicans are at the same tune subjected to special discrimination in the way of job and educational opportunities, and this at a time when the language of patriotic idealism pcints to values which for these ettisens are largely non-existent While the LaGuardia Administration bandied the situation well—by calling in Negro loaders of opinion to broadcast, by deputizing Negroes and arming them with dabs, and by asking the military to send in mixed black and white detachments of military police—the fact remains that such explosions are inherent ia the social structure ef this country and that they will tend to break out at the moat ineea venient moment...
...Sneaking at a meeting here in Vancouver, Buck stated that the new Fanner-Labor Party would be devoted to working 'for the common people by getting the best possible conditions under capitalism...
...The new "united front" group was also ""•eked in a statement by the Italian Jthinst Federation signed by Vanai ft., ¦ontana, secretory, and by, the Msssjat H4*««ty through Umberto Gualatiori, fen •"•"tire vice-president...
...The Action Party, organized by Emilio Lussu, also one of the founders of Giustizia e Libert*, was coming into international prominence as a mass antifascist political party representing all the liberal and labor elements in still-oppressed Italy...
...John L. Childs, Professor of Edotstioa, Colombia University...
...Said The Federationist: "The organization of a new party of Communists at this time must appear like veritable manna from the skies to Canadian reactionaries who have been floundering around madly to find some way to beat the growing strength of the CCF in this country...
...Alberto Cianca, an editor of Rome, and a celebrated Italian orator...
...Director, East Side Bonne...
...There has been a great deal of talk ever the Jktmieux Decree...
...Additional suggested motives were numerous, but there was no belief at all that the President's suggestion was meant to counter any disaffection in the aimed forces...
...Unconditional surrender can only mean surrender with no conditions attached and no promises...
...Ladies' Garment Workers' Uanon...
...The usual arguments were advanced in fafor of dealing opportunistically with the Italians—(1) the Nazis are the main opponnonts, (2) perhaps the Italians can be brought in as our allies, and (3) American lives will be saved by coming to a quick deal, giving concessions to the Badoglio government in return for swift surrender...
...young socialist leader of many anti-fascist demonstrations against Mussolini before he es- ' csped from OVRA captors to London...
...the conclusion mast he that the United States could not stand up under the sort of bundling now being endured by European cities...
...Following the Francofatssian War, the French Government badly MBded a large loan...
...It would be much better to see Hitler and Mussolini go out as soak Canadian Communists In New Switch Form "Farmer-Labor Party" Special to The New Lbadeb VANCOUVER <By Mafl)^-The Comintern has dissolved and Communist parties must become respectable, so here in Canada the Ccramunist Party has emerged "above the ground" as a "Farmer-Labor Party," Chairman of the "National Initiative Committee" is Tim Buck, who was and is the leader of the Canadian Communist Party...
...No minority rroup can survive and go progressively forward rhere there is no law and order...
...John Chamberlain, noted critic and anther...
...The latter rave the Algerian Jews a preferred status ssjong their fellow-Algerians...
...Personal benefits to the ordinary American private, it is estimated, are worth from $1,600 to $2,999 per year, including basic pay...
...The aims of the Action Party and the Justice and Liberty groups are practically identical...
...The affair was not a race riot, but it could readily have become one if the police had shown less restraint...
...The statement warned that the primary elections will determine control of the party's county organizations...
...From the Middle East, also came news cf the Justice and Liberty clandestine radio station dispatching propaganda via short-wave...
...end vice-president of the newly i?riBed American Committee for Italian "•Oloeracy, headed by Judge Pecora...
...This, of course , will include the akjtnan Jews who never have been nomads...
...f/fbt' result of the Cremieux Decree was to ait op Class A and Class B statuses for the Algerian population...
...the practical situation was that with the wsnndfag of the Nurenberg laws the Algerian Jtwi were able to and did return to their former •Munitions' and economic status, but without |P former political status as French citizens...
...Some of it simply has been jitaformed...
...A conference of 2*0 CIO representatives from nine states will be held in Birmingham, Ala., on August 14 to drive a wedge into the moss-back southern political machines...
...HI ¦¦slant Editor, The Nation...
...reported on his return from North Africa—they have become so merged wift the native population as to be indistinnahable to the naked eye...
...Lewis himself created a sensation in Washington last Tuesday by appearing pompoBg before the War Labor Board, which he recently denounced as "a court packed afstwst labor," to ask approval of the mine workers' contract with, the Ilunois Coal Operators' Association, .which recognises portal-to-portal time as* travel ' time at the rate of $1.25 a day...
...George Sonle...
...I rjday in return of their full French citiiengfrtf to the Jews of Algeria following the arrival til the American forces and the downfall of Ike Vichy government in North Africa, it was Band, has not been occasioned by any mi— use of tne citizenship status of Algerian Jews E by the practical problems of extending such tjtjsenship to all Algerians—Jews and non-Jew jUke...
...The remedy for this problem is not looting stores and abusing and attacking white citizens or condemning Negroes as viscious and reckless vandals, but it lies in sound and constructive racial cooperation...
...So for as the Italians were concerned, England and the United States had been rebuffed in an attempt at an easy finesse...
...In Canada, the Communists with no such compunction go right ahead with their splitting tactics.1 Continues The Federationist: "An examination of the arguments presented by Mr...
...The Jews_ in Algeria PWt the refugees or emigres...
...unions and a vice chairman ot the American Labor Party...
...Reverend William C. Eeman, Executive Director, Christian Institute for Aanericaa Democracy...
...All that remains is the prunes frameng of the new citizenship decree so as to set the desired limitations...
...It is no use talking of Socialism now, Buck declared, for such would divide the country...
...These problems, it is now understood, are approaching the final •stage of solution and announcement of that fact is imminent...
...However that may he, the majority of American tfoops are today enjoying their first taste of the vaunted American standard of living about which there is always so much proas talk...
...Our July 17th issue carried a dispatch from Victor . Serge in Mexico City reporting that in Costa Rica the Communist Party has transformed itself into the Popular Vanguard Party...
...will be pitched keck ea to the mach lower standard- of deiaaa living, ana deprived so well of the challenge aad stiarulas ef Army Sf e. General Eisenhower, in a pronouncement issued to the Italians, spoke in a very conciliatory tone, stressing the benignity of Anglo-American occupation methods...
...In the hght of what has happen 1J in Los Aegeiee...
...All Negroes of Harlem are grateful for the prompt action of the Mayor in mobilizing the police of the city to handle this serious situation and we commend the police for their obvious restraint and sense, and fine cooperation Italy's 'Giustizia e Liberia — Leaders of Underground Forces The anti-fascist underground was coming above ground this week as the Italian people continued to demonstrate openly in the streets of a dozen cities...
...They skirt the las as by resorting to invective...
...Mr...
...Sidney Rook, Professor of Philosophy, New York University...
...It is inconceivable that any enrolled ALP voter will fail to vote en primary day," it declared, "to preserve the party which is the political voice of over 400,000 lgsstaj minded voters in New York State,'* "This primary campaign enteigos as a struggle between liberals who want to preserve the ALP as a vigorous political force and the Communists who want to convert it into n transmission belt for the Communist Party," the statement continued...
...George S. Counts...
...Crosswaith Cites Social Evils By FRANK R CROSSWAITH General Organiser of the I. L. G. W. U., only Negro member of the New York City Hooting Authority The Mayor and the Police Department of the City of New York deserve the thanks and appreciation of the good, law abiding and decent citizens-of Harlem for the degree of restraint exercised in one of the most trying moments in the history of Harlem...
...Detroit aad Harlem (in she totter place under very good administration...
...o any event, the Rothschild loan to France and the Cremieux Decree coincided...
...Green emphasised the need of developing large-scale support for the WagnerMurray-Dingell social security bill drafted and sponsored by the AFL...
...Antonini charged that the recent hulla> "J*0 ever the inclusion of Generoso Pope, "alian publisher, in the new Pecora Committee, was a blind for the organization ¦ the Communist front...
...nolly avoid the clear-cut issue of nhallUI the ALP can continue as a potent political force under Communist control...
...In so doing he deviated from the "uneendional surrender'' declaration at Casablanca...
...former editor of a leading Milan dairy, and recently director of the Mazzinni Society here...
...At least three anti-fascist exiles, who were recently operating at long-distance in this country, are now "in the field," probably in North America or Sicily...
...The CCF emphatically denies Tim Buck's assertion that the working class can obtain permanent benefits and security under capitalism and states bluntly that post-war planning and action needs Socialism...
...Canada's Socialist Party, the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, whose strength has been growing tremendously throughout Canada, was expressed editorially by The Federationist, a Vancouver CCF paper that speaks for more than 100,000 CCF voters in British Columbia...
...Resident of the Italian-American Labor p**nril...
...The Americas Army today enjoys the highest standard of living of any army ia history, aad some Washington experts feel that it has tee high a standard for its owa good...
...This statement by The Federationist highlight* the gross hypocrisy of the Communists here who have been raiting the dead-horse issue of a national third party and crying that suck a national labor party here would split labor's political strength...
...These benefits include first-class food snd clothing, housing, dental aad anlhsl care on a scale few ctrilkeae can afford, aad ptevanean for entertaaseoeat asm reiiuaihia...
...CIO political acy'vity will extend to all sections of" the country...
...At the same time, organised labor wast ahead with its plans for intensive political organisation of trade unionists for the 1944 Congressional campaign...
...Mowing the fall of Fiance, when the traifollowed the* behest of Hittsf sod applied the Nurenberg anti-semitic jjjfcfrjHorth Africa it at the same time tlrafcfaa the Cremieux Decree...
...When these offers of political horse**»*hg were rejected by Pope, the attacks •t^tad, Antonini said...
...One of the assassins of Giacomo Matteotti, leading Socialist, whonv-Fascism killed in 1924, was tossed from a building in Milan by a vengeful crowd...
...s The reaction of...
...Until steps are taken to liquidate ana) Magiu discrimination hi a fundamental Zaokeoav and to do away wish other isfeitaal bat permitted typos of racial discrimination, the United ettatea will never he a una try that • really stream to spirit as well so in tnemstttal power and amtaral resources...
...But the substantial political activity of the Labor-Socialist-Liberal underground is being carried on by the Partito d'Azione, the Action Party, which from its first Sardinian bases has swotted oat into a formidable political outfit...
...To the Fwnch they still remain unpredictable and unnknlable, but it is now decided that the stable tkment of the Algerian population—that is, •id portion which is not nomadic, here today pigone tomorrow—should be given full French *»Wltion...
...This week the Badoglio government strictly forbade Italians to listen to any enemy radio programs...
...Tknuftsjli" riots showed, what has long boon .haw mm, to experts, that racial tension o> esaaHp f f e aa expression of more furidaaaaaml aaafisj -ajagsion...
...Colombia University...
...He cited figures snowing death and injury of miners, and said the decir* of the miners was that their families not be left . paupers if they were killed or injured in line oftsduty...
...Addmsaaafiv, the men may took forward to pentrioas...
...Now, as the representative of the aforementioned organizations, I want to urge upon the Mayor the immediate appointment of a Commission on Race to study the causes of this social and racial explosion in the Harlem community and the basic causes of ranis] .riots that are sweepTttg" the country and tin seaming various communities" * We need a thorough and anasmnrentiahag investigation «f the qoaotion of hearing, recreational facilities, educational opportunities, employment problems, and the whole question of the participation or lack of participation on the part of the Negro in ear economic, political and social life as equals with other citizens...
...Winifred Fisher, Executive Director, New York Adalt Education Council...
...Milan, Turin, Bologna and Genoa are the cities espe«asi«y native in the underground movement Recent reports have indicated that the Action Party has combined farces of the Liberal Party, the Christian Democratic Party, and the Socialist Party...
...Brace BQven, Editor, The New Republic...
...Would the population behave ia a disciplined fashion...
...William E. Bonn...
...Grace Qasntlia...
...As a'resident of this community for some 30 'ears and the head of two important movements, >ne a trade union, the Brotherhood of Sleeping ;ar Porters, affiliated with the A. F. of L. and he other a civic orgaAzation, the March On Vashington Mo veraenUTam...
...Vittorrelli...
...Robert Bendtoer...
...nevertheless its population —with the exception of the Jews following the Cremieux Decree — never received anything but colonial status...
...It was cold fomfort eWt-ahe Harlem riots were not overt "race riots...
...Jsmes Loch, Jr, Executive Secretary...
...Twn» the United Nations took over North nftfca end Giraud swung French forces there Ml the 'democratic columns, the Nurenberg kin as Weil as other* Vichy decrees were wiped aft With the one exception—that the abrogation of the Cremieux Decree still remained...
...The Badoglio government, however, showed that it was either in no position to seine the olive branch hold forth by the Allies or that it wae unsympathetic to the desire of the Allies to come to close grips with the Nazis...
...Randolph HitsHoodlumism, Asks Probe of National Racial Tension By PHILIP RAMDOLPH I view the outburst of violence in Harlem Sunday night with great sorrow and distress...
...organ at tike Action Party, has declared (March 23) its "complete lack of agreement with the final aims of the Communist Party and with Hs ideology-** This paper is extensively distributed by the Action Party...
Vol. 26 • August 1943 • No. 32
