New Food Crisis Pushing FDR Into Real Fight on Packers, Farm Bloc
New Food Crisis Pushing FDR Into Real Fight on Packers, Farm Bloc Ouster of Davis Marks First Defeat Of War Profiteers From the New Leader Washington Bureau WASHINGTON, D. C—With its back to the...
...In Pennsylvania, the AFL and CIO together formed a United Labor Committee headed by James L. McDevitt, president of the Pennsylvania Federation of Labor, with Charles Weinstein of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers (CIO) as vice-chairman...
...And ¦here lore the people to...
...The New Dealish mood of public •welfare has given way almost completely to the temper of "what business does it okay for the nation...
...The honest arm-chair generals piped down...
...series accused the Civil Service...
...This Michigan State CIO parley is one of the most important events in tile labor movement today, and its decisieaa must be regarded as a tip-off on the mood and line-up of the CIO tomorrow...
...For the liberals who have been hanging on the ropes ever since the present session of Congress derided to tear the Home Frort to pieces, Henry Wallace this week was a clean, sweet breese and a reminder of the days when the New Deal was a figha ng, progressive farce...
...Midwest Unions Open Drive for Labor Party at Mich...
...The first came early this week when .the War Labor Board served notice that it could net maintain.ihe "Little Steer formula unleas...
...Bufc the art of propaganda is not as simple ? just that...
...V · · · An* almost audible "Whee...
...But while Wallace's "fightin' words'' cheered discouraged liberals, from a realistic point of · view there were leas hopeful aspects to the Wallace Jones fracas...
...You knew, of course, that this subsidy to no way affects the amount paid to th* dairy farmer by the creamery, the aasonat of profit to the creamery, the wholesaler or the retailer...
...Amalgamated Clothing Workers...
...Voorhis' House speech was the first public indication of the affair while The New Leader first broke the] story nationally on June 5. ) But what remains of interest is the baek- ? ground of the affair and mote particulajjat the," "climate of opinion" which makes such affairs possible...
...For example: Ralph Da vies, former President of' Standard Oil of California, is Deputy Petroleum Administrator for War...
...he charges...
...PM't line on SUlia and America's foreign policy, as set by Max Lerner's editorials, simply makes no sense...
...Com-«ussio* and the F.B.I, of witch-Honting liberals out of [the government service...
...In many areas, unionists are realizing that their prime mistake in 1942 was a failure to organise politically—a mistake that was underscored by the success of the American Labor Party in running an independent candidate, Dean Alfange, for Governor...
...But Knox's statement is illustrative of the deeper psychological lesson en the Washington atmosphere...
...PM was conducting this campaign before American troops landed in North Africa...
...Kenneth Crawford, a former of the American Newspaper Guild, years enjoyed the highest reputation it newspaper circles in Washington and the rest el the nation...
...in fact, in almost all instances, better friends of employers and reactionaries than they are of labor, and . . . whereas the unionists of other countries, especial!>· in Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, have made great strides forward on the political front through their labor parties, therefore . . The motion fcr a Labor Party in Michigan has not come oat on the convention floor as this is written, but it is expected that over the bitter filibustering of the Communists, the resolution will pass...
...Education Specialist to take ? permanent p«M, Job as organiser for the Communist Party...
...of Californ U could walk in and steal eff secretly with such a fat contract skimming the oil off the Navy's preserves...
...Big Business viewpoint, Vice-President White** gyves notice that he has taken over the fighting leadership of what remains of the old New Deal...
...officials defended Wilkerson with indignant denials that he was anything more than "an honest anti-Fascist" when The Nets Leader and others spoke of Wilkerson as a Communist or a fellow-traveler...
...whereas labor is sick aad tired to depending upon so-called friends' fas pebMe...
...Masey is...
...stationery, by his immediate superior, Walter D. Coching...
...In this case, as in several previous instances, PM demonstrates that the truth is relative— •ad a poor relative at that—and that it chooses to tell;only such truths as will grind its axes, »od to suppress such truths as in its Olympian Judgment it deems it unwise for the people to know...
...Give 'em what they want, was the theary...
...He played a leading role in that Ibe in the early days of die Hew Deel, when the Big Farmers and commercial element* in agriculture needed as much saving as the dirt farmer...
...One is the indicator that Wallace has bean "written off" the Democratic ticket fur ltd...
...Davit Is a Middle West baaker who has specialised in agricultural problems...
...That was the answer and Davis knew it...
...Ben Peppercorn...
...He acknowledges that there is "imprisonment of the body" and " nprJeonment of the mind"—and even goes on to state (a surprise package for thousands »f Lerner readers...
...Victor Reuther, reporting for the motion, said the resolution wontd.be a weapon in the hands of Phil Murray to obtain the safeguards Labor demands Max lerner s Douple-Taik One reason why PAf's Max Lerner always las two feet est the ground is that everytune he goes out eat a limb be earn'himself deadly off, root and branch...
...You know that the vary par-pose of this subsidy was to cat the excessive coat of meat to the consumer without aff*etiag the price or profit paid the rancher, the slaughterer, the packer or the ratoilaa, You know ghat it is your job as War Food Adarin-istrator to see that the civilian population, a* well as the military, obtaia their portion *f the available meat supply...
...another cabinet member lost his poet for incompetence, Yet two decades later the Navy id plunged into another embrdglid over this fabulous oil reserve...
...Boajh-velt filed the letter and forgot about it...
...in its eyes, it had no reason to do so, although such a procedure is binding by law...
...Eastman hasn't bean in Russia in 20 years...
...The facte simply are that business- has moved in and perched its hat on the rack...
...who era...
...There is no suggestion this time of malfeasance, but this subtle factor Of "climate of opinion" plays a large role...
...Cengiansiaasl ^preeoplatlvea of:: the > Farm...
...powers to the War Food Administration Isft been predicated on confidence in Chester Da visu" admitted Woloott, with plaintive naivete...
...rollbacks were forthwith carried out...
...The crimes of omission are as important as the crimes of commission...
...nation to the fact that he had to share his powers with Agriculture Secretary Claude Wiekard and...
...Daria, however, found himself considerably balked in having a completely free hand to express his notion of how to feed the...
...swept a half ^^^^????^^?^^^??*^ light hi him...
...Dark has ignored * the feed needs of the nation and ha* pressed the cause of the feed speculators and processors in their criminal grab for ssere and more war profits...
...A similar affair occurred about a year ago...
...But what of the suppression of .American political freedom...
...carried the ball fat* Cheater Daria en Caattei HH1 ? eetegatM» ef legislatere calked on the ?· *·«¦· to nerve : ¦ netiee ? the PrenMent that Dante fake* he 1 given erernfl control ««er fee...
...Thomas A. Lenehan, Cleveland Federation of Labor...
...In Wisconsin and other parts of the Middle West, representatives of the Land o*Lakes Butter Company have told farmers from whom they purchase milk for butter-making that they would no longer purchase milk, or...
...As an account in the Washington Times-Herald reports it: "Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox pinched a fat cigar from his mouth yesterday and gave his mature judgment on his failure to notify the Department of Justice of his contract granting the Standard Oil Company a monopoly to operate the Elk Hills Oil Reserve...
...t "· The phoney nature of the argument was revealed this week when...
...nickel-a-pound subsidy at the retail level, funds for whieh are being supplied by RFC...
...It i» a^case I know intimately because I investigated it myself...
...The Navy "could see Standard's viewpoint," and- saw no wrong in writing such a contract...
...Pis* ran a aeries of stories •bout a year ago entitled "They're Beheading Liberals in Washington...
...The immediate motive of Knox's testimony was to head off the sharp statements by Littell who had made a devastating analysis of the contract At the same time the House Naval Affairs Committee, which plays baH with the Navy administration, opened hearings to provide a sounding board for the Navy spokesmen against the testimony of the House Public Lands Committee...
...The gist of the stcry is as follows: PM has been conducting a propaganda cam-saiga against the United States' policy in {forth Africa and against the Stete Depart-eent, particularly, although the President made ft clear in unequivocal language that American policy in North Africa is his policy and is not t separate or independent,.venture of the State Department...
...Lerner doesn't seem to know exactly where he is...
...Of the half dozen names offered by PM in frvidenee, it seemed pretty clear that the Civil Service Commission had nailed Communists and "ot liberals...
...And *h«t PM omitted from its series on "They're Beheading Liberals in Washtagton» is that the Civil Service Coraashenon had fired as many Fascists aa Oiimiiiatils, and in addition had cleared hnssdrads of honest lit— am and pro-graaaivea of false seoaaatiuus that they were Communists or utter types of simasreiss'i who, by law...
...Seventeen hundred delegates are assembled here in the Book-Cadillac Hotel, representing more than 700,000 workers...
...WeMunt Face the Facts About Russia" (PM, Jury 1...
...Thea Pdf sent its Washington Editor to...
...Nevertheless, the two unofficial letters eh...
...and * sit-down strike against the war effort by war-profiteering element* in Big...
...Supposedly out on a limb "Answering Max Eastman...
...and, secondly, Willkie's and Da vies' trips to Russia can hardly be set as evidence against Eastman who quotes their findings in his own support...
...In his allege* rebuttal of Eastman and a realistic, democratic policy towards Stalinist Russia, Max Le per concedes that the Russian system is one of "political suppression, the single-party s; stem, the police state...
...Da vies reported that "the terror here ia a horrifying fact," but forgot to tell it to Hollywod...
...You know that th* power aa given to you by the President's Executive Order - had peer duty as an American- makes U masawtotT On your part to tell the American tliasusnat that unless he gives th* packer more profit* he Jaat 'ain't gonna eat.' "Th* aaaathaa here ia ?? ?** going to ssraada or are yea going to do year tea ef aWtstag meat far She remsawT" The appointment of Msrvjn' Jonas aa successor to Chester Davis is net regarded to well-informed circles here as a guarantee that the Davis policies are due for a complete wvtieal, Jones' two chief assets in his new Job aa* his experience with agricultural problems and hi* complete personal loyalty to Roosevelt...
...envoy, diplomacy paved the way for the bloodless entry of* the American forth Africa...
...suddenly lost R» essential nature and he is now safely ensconced in his hew job as organism for the r.umber*o?cea»^^?Dm,^ *" *** * make naWs^intaiit'tiw fight to sere the jobs of Ratawh-BaWss Lovett and others still awaiting actio* ef Ae Kerr Committee...
...Aad Wallace's aggressive lashing out at the notion —and the men behind the notion—that the war must be'fought only in a way which issriiliHei to swell further the swollen war pi with** offers a pleasing aad hopeful contrast to the policy eers which baa naiad Waahtasvjen ever since the Tory victory in the elections last November...
...Bot Damn...
...be insisted that Pfrs teaders face on the Russian question only mealyEastman, aotsnljfee The New Leader's own editorial policy on this question, made three major points on U. S.-Soviet relations: 1. Military—There must' be complete, effective collaboration among all the Allies on a?Ljhe fighting fronts, hechod, bg...
...could swing Jesse Jones's aid quite easily in the Shipshaw deal Asst Attorney General Norman Littell, testifying before the House Public Lands Committee, when asked by Congressman Mott whether the Navy had any improper motives in negotiating the contract replied...
...Max Thornburg, former official of Standard Oil, is oil advisor to the State Department...
...Willkie spoke frankly about Russian concentration camps, but omitted the facts from his book, One World...
...Davis's theory waaahsrpJe...
...n on the values of free democratic...
...he shouts...
...Cleveland and other cities (and of course New York), Communist forces at the Michigan State CIO Convention—the largest CIO council in the nation—this week fought to head off a demand for an independent Labor Party...
...The mood cf the convention was sharply illustrated by a militant resolution which stated that the no-strike pledge would end unless living costs and taxes are equalised...
...ought not be lost...
...3. Diplomatic—We must have a tough-minded, plain-speaking representative in Moscow, who repreeen» the American people, who knows the Russian war achievement, and who realises that softness in Stalin's'eyes breeds contempt...
...Frans Daniel of the ACWA is devoting much of his time to organising the committee on a sound political basis...
...In fact the Navy was quite astonished that it was questioned for not having submitted the contract to the Justice Department for approval...
...incidentally Drew Pearson in his Washington Merry-Go-Round column of June 7, which appeared in New York in the Daily Mirror on June 9, mentioned these tie-ups, but the Mirror chopped Pearson's story to bite and omitted these facts...
...Crawford wrote several stories for I'M PM infused to print the stories...
...No metier mow high he climbs and how nimbly be swings, that ungraceful drop always awaits him...
...Washington expects <he President to veto the CCC bill extending the life of the agency for two more years and adding...
...pt**Sflee*4 now want to hold up the eemamer for ewe* greater pre...
...Take the crucial issue of the formation of an independent Labor Party...
...He admits that the true figures "about people in concentration ea ipa in Russia are large...
...It said, in part: "Whereas the greatest shewing of labor political strength, ef rank-and-file participation in elections and ef the possibility of direct labor representation in government waa ia the Vote Labor campaign in Detroit in 1917, aad...
...Elks Hill Expose-Knox "Muffed", Lobbyists Miffed ly MURRAY iVtUTT Special to Thb New Leads 4> WASHINGTON, D. C.—The Elk Hills oil contract has finally been rescinded, ender the barrage of criticism ted by Jerry Voerfais and the...
...Although many unioaa are represented, the enget powerful group of delegates is from the United Auto Workers, and the sharp factional lines of the Addes-Communist group aad the Reuther group are drawn tautest here...
...It talks to kindred officials in government agencies who understand their viewpoint* and promotes "reasonable" contracts...
...labor aad liberal press Of the nation...
...It ia an indication Of how the wind is blowing, •*4r*W*n?g?ea...
...The President's "rebuke** of Wallace has done nothing to allay that impression...
...His draft board Hire now reveals that Wilkerson evaded being drafted by writing: k» «Maren CEP« stothaattj **!*> ing deferment on the ground of the essential nature of his job...
...1 .Two incidents brought the xriaii to s hand...
...It is a matter of universal igrscmsnt in Washington that none outranks fin Gpajriord in integrity as a man or in com-ansa ? as a journalist...
...the grand visier in this country of double-talk on the Russian question...
...Last week the Wayne County (i.e., Detroit) Labor's Non-Partisan League passed a vigorous resolution calling for a Michigan Labor Party...
...Howard Marshall, ' former counsel for Standard, is now counsel to the Petroleum Administrator...
...Vis seif-proclaimedly a member of the liberal, independent press...
...Crawford got a first-hand, on-the-ground look MiMaltaaoon and the personalities in North "^moWr^lwrp^y fi as "honest and dependable ? democrat as any man could wish, that Amer????Fascist-directed, and that De Gaulle was not quite the little tin god of PM'e propaganda campaign...
...Dawk, therefore, conducted a campaign of ?????] intrigue to oust Wiekard as Secretary of Agriculture and to take ever the price and ratten power over food been Brown...
...It fat not Crawford who has lost stature by this affair...
...When it ? not illogical it it hysterical, and when it ? not downright dangerous ft if sflly aad absurd...
...It was the only thing an honest reporter could do...
...And Littell is right, although the scandalous nature of the contract remains...
...v* r" 1 · Most significant of a stiffened AthehaistrMinli attitude is the resignation of Chester G. Daw as Wae Food Administrator this weak...
...Moat spec taenia r nop of them, all ? Lemerre current swing out on the Stalinist limb...
...Thomas E. Icnhtpa of Pennsylvania called a meeting attended by SO liberal Congnsamsii and representative* of ? FL aad CIO unions for an organised fight against the war profiteers Senaten seat 'a scathing letter to Davis, a copy to the White House and to War Mobilisation Director Jamah F. Byrnes...
...All over the country organised labor is restless over the shellacking it has had to take in Congress—on food prices, on wage adjustments, etc...
...CIO Parley Speoiai to ? hi New Leadee DETROIT, Mich.—Although organized Labor has taken the preliminary steps towards forming independent political action groups in Pennsylvania, New Jersey...
...circles, the Rooaerett Adminktratioe ia ?/ showing sign* of fight ia an effort to save the Home Front from collapsing...
...By his public attack on Commerce Secretary Jesae Jones and the lather's tory...
...Recently, Cleveland unions established Labor's Joint Committee fcr Political Action, whose officers include Beryl Whitney, Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen...
...But no one has disputed that...
...In this Congress, men like Jerry Voorhis are few and far between...
...in the offing were "defeatists...
...learn the Oath, the facts...
...it would be at prices considerably below the present level...
...We must work with Russia...
...That lesson, too...
...In New Jersey, the newly-formed Ameaican Labor League is organising on a state-wide basis...
...Having achieved the sanctuary of tint draft age limit...
...Under the circumstances...
...4* * - As if OPA was not having its fill ef troubles these days, Daxay Wirkerson has resigned as 0...
...Wilkerson's latter was backed up with another letter, ahm written on...
...Crawford as Wash-bjgton Editor of PAf concerns every democrat, every honest liberal and every respecter of the truth...
...You know that the...
...It* present »2.680.00(1.000 lending reserves...
...Standard Oil of California knows its away around the Washington riggings...
...Lobbying is an old story in Washington, but that hardly explains the deal...
...papers...
...New Food Crisis Pushing FDR Into Real Fight on Packers, Farm Bloc Ouster of Davis Marks First Defeat Of War Profiteers From the New Leader Washington Bureau WASHINGTON, D. C—With its back to the wall under the onslaughts of...
...that the ranchers snd ????? lrt*e**d ? f *BTf4Ms W*Jtli...
...and to hell wltt who has U pay for It er hew...
...fr Davis waited hopefully for a sign from the White House that Wiekard was on his way out When that sign failed to appear, he...
...i The: independent, liberal press has traditionally pointed the finger of accusation at .the veal and truth-twisting Hearst papers, the Scnpps-Howard papers, the McCormick-Patter...
...Secretary of the Resolutions Committee was Emu Masey, president of the Briggs Local tit of the United Auto Workers...
...j^-iSb BeBtieal—There laiilafi, hsu_USMsasjaatiiM"iniiiiL iileial...
...The bill now carries a rider overwrhelmin'gry s*ss*ed by beat* houses ef ??????» whieh eroamas f*e President's food subsidy program and brhags the m*at-*nd-butter price reihe»*** .to an end by August 1. I Story About'PM' Why Crawford Quit •y JONATHAN SfOUT WASHINGTON, D. C—Because suppression af American political and Intellectual freedom .too vital a matter tdsPees over ia silence, the rssignation of KennetfMc...
...stationery served to statt Wilkerson's induction until he reached the ago of...
...At tkst time it tcok the form, in part, of a demand .for t he opening of a Second Front, echoing the churlish gripes of the Kremlin aad its American propaganda machine...
...One of the local dairies hens in the District (of Columbia) has evidently instructed its route salesmen to tell ruaiiMpsag that no butter would be available next week...
...Its spokesmen have-entree to many offices and can speak to officials easily and demonstrate the "reasonableness" of its claim...
...In all of these cases the reason for these actions Has been given as th...
...In evidence it offered half » dome names, so investigation was restricted to theae...
...Its appeal to liberals Ud progressives is tacitly on the ground that it shares and represents that point of view with its integral devotion to telling the truth fearlvmly and without' bias...
...Elk Hills twenty years ago figured in one of the worst scandals in American political history...
...The letter, addressed to Davis, charged: ? "The creamery industry has advertised «od propagandised an alleged shortage ef butter at the retail level...
...aed no hypocritical sgMtMahasv of the evils of dictatorship and totalitarianism: beliei in Iibertariaa ideals is a iuU-nme job...
...Not •? ??, . Master-minding from a distance of 3,000 miles or more, ??'* arm-chair generals and dialectical strategists smeared a Fascist label Murphy, State Department...
...They plugged the it De Gaulle as the democratic hope of France, completely overlooking that his only pre-war political alignment bad been not with say ef France's democratic elements but with the »ati-demoera tic L'Action Francais...
...Wilkerson's job in...
...Tea know that over S MIR** ' ueirar* na* aweauy neon spent ay tae government as a subsidy te manufacturers f*r th* erect ion of plante aad equipment Which will be worthleas to as when the War is ever...
...Administrator Prentiss Brown...
...Yet in Michigan, the Communist forces, dubbing the move as one initiated by "So-cialut-Trotskyite-Lewis-reactionary ' Republican forces," and see in it only a move "to split labor away from President Roosevelt and strengthen the most reactionary sections of the Republicsn Party...
...In fact, there was nothing but PAf's ¦word (hat they had been fired at all...
...Eastman's predictions about Russian resistance were all wrong, Lerner argues, so how can he be "realistic...
...The whole scheme of transferring...
...In ether words...
...Crawford reigned in protest...
...J...
...The other came when Rep...
...and Ed Pauley, who recently resigned as secretary of the Democratic National Committee, but remains as treasurer, also has been close to Standard of California...
...If they did...
...In a frantic attack on Max Eastman's Reeder"« Difwt article...
...Hk muddjs adpdadneas ? only a symptom of the moral and intellectual surrender which may demo raise liberal political life in America...
...A cabinet member was involved, was convicted of taking a bribe and served a year in jail...
...This comes with very bad grace from a professor who in August 1939 publicly swore that Russia would collaborate with the democracies, and that those who suggested that a Stalin-Hitler pact might be...
...Their real game, however, is to sacrifice all of Labor's hard-won gains for their own political objectives and horse-trading The Wayne County resolution was indicative of the mood of Detroit labor...
...Max Lerner is...
...The plea wen made on the "hoHer-thas-toen'* basis that aolutien et' our war food pimiuOtSOTi problems required the vesting of complete control in one man...
...an appointment with tht President...
...muffed it,' he conceded...
...It is an attitude of spirit which Max Eastmsn very cprrnttly found "diplomaHcmUt foodkardjt, morally dit$>r*e*f*d, end cfamgeroas to the rwnval *f ajfuvet-agse \*stitut*anj vrthtn this country...
...may not be employed ia the government jprvioe...
...itself refused to ash for Wilkerson's deferment officially...
...But our point ? not its line-by-line falsities...
...Of the other alleged 180 some-odd, there was no way of ascertaining whether they *«e liberals, Communists, Fascists or just morons...
...tharafsrs .is being else sly watched for an tads eater of ho* fax the White Haans is prepared to go in the Figa* am bntart—, If lima* reverses the Harm ?·?-cie* it will be a* a loyal Ueateaaat of Reeae-velt aad will mean therefore that the Preei-dent anally has his ' dutch" up...
...And now are - their faces Red* But etat dtadtft appear to bs aB to th* Wilkerson affair...
...systematic and mutual economic support...
...The...
...chairman of the Resolutions Committee of the CIO convention and thus has become the chief teqgat of the Communist smear campaign...
...PAf said, about IW had been fired...
...It is because of this lack of freedom in Russia that we on PAf ha' t opposed the Russian social system, and opposed all who advocate it for America...
...Others, too, aching for action against the Nazis, were nying the very same thing...
...And if it had not been for Voorhis blowing the lid off the story, the affair might have been passed off as a dull business matter...
...Similarly, Aluminum Co...
...The chief epithet is "Socialist-Trotskyite-Lewis stooge-Klan-reactionary Republican tool ef Hitler," and that's all one word and a "word" flung about qerte frequently at the convention...
...His resignation followed...
...Jeans' P. Wwfpem» Republican from Michigan and ranking minority member ef the House Banking Committee, ran a little loosely from the lip following Davis* resignation...
...Yew knew that «ib**d**f» are nosh lag new —Brat right aad waff aver half a hub«* dhtters fa latsldlis are aetog paid dtreetty to the ntgar refiners, to the Mtwmlnoa* coal many others...
...The way to vet food, he let it be known, was to cater to those who cookj "apply it...
...But, in the first place, he doesn't seem to dispute Eafcnaa's facta about the character of the Stalinist dictatorship...
...When President Roosevelt's canny preparation for the invasion of North Africa brought s cheering world to its feet, those who in their demands for a Second, Third and Fourth Fronts were concerned 'sincerely and primarily with action and not through double-talk with Soviet self-interest pulled in their horns and admitted their criticism had been mistaken...
...Davis was brought back from the Federal Reserve Bank in, St, Louis when Roosevelt ?? looking for a men to coordinate the efforts of the packers, canners, processors, grain speculator* and Big Farmers for war production-The President made kin »ar Food Administrator, la that role...
...It ia because of this basic concept that PM't purely'private and personal relations with its employees becomes of right a matter of public concern, especially to liberals and progressives...
...To* know that yea aad dvriag the past several week*, aided the packer* In imreadmg the story ef a* h*-peadiag meet famine...
...subsidy far meat* in no way affects th* amount of beef prod*cad or slaughtered...
...Fcr at this convention, the emphasis of most resolutions is primarily political rather than narrowly trade union, and at this point the reactionary anti-labor line of the Communist Party is most openly revealed...
...There can be no such freedom unless the people can know the truth...
Vol. 26 • July 1943 • No. 27
