Where the News Ends

...I wish Mr...

...Think of the men, some of them our own sons and brothers, slogging and hacking their way through jungles and swamps on New Guinea and in the Solomons...

...The disarmament of Germany and her allies will likewise leave a breathing spell in time for working out an effective organization of the world for peace on the basis of collective security pacts, or an even stronger and more closely knit form of organization...

...By William Henry Chamberiin Where the News Ends Guideposts in International Affairs SINCE the end of the year is the favored season for picking the outstanding books...

...This section of Attorney General Biddle's organization has already dug up some 900 similar cases...

...The country will agree with him aBd will demand the punishment of the highest company officials who bear responsibility...

...Whicf is both refreshing and useful in writing about Russia...

...Thus we lose one of the most powerful and picturesque figures in the history of the labor movement JSr&'&Ai But in his last moments Edo r*rmmeri *M*t have had the comfort of knowing that he had struck mighty blows against Hitler and Hitler-ism...

...Professor Boas had the distinction of recognized world leadership in one of the most important fields of human thought In his later years his studies of race received special public attention because of the need of opposition to the perversions of the fascists...

...Here we can't get all the oil we want, the gasoline we want or the sugar, coffee and butter we want...

...The difference is vital...

...Let us think of our own boys in Greenland, New Foundland and Iceland...

...If the temperature is a bit low or your grocer is out of butter, this exercise of the imagination may help...

...Passing to books about iiwll i lilmml countries the banner for intelligent, hesMSt, —fsejlliii ml reporting of Russia unmistakably goes to John Scott for his "The Duel for Europe.'* The reader wfrfi find here practically all the principal ascertainable facts about the course of Soviet foreign and internal policy between the conclusion ef the Stalin-Hitler Pact aad the fTiiniee tnvashM of Russia...

...It may be that in the end his generalizations on this subject—his declaration of the potential equality of races—will stand as his most distinguished contribution to human thought...

...He had been proud of his German origin and had taken a leading part in organizations of Germans in this country...

...Nearly a thousand other institutions of learning, robbed of students taken by the fighting forces and war industry, will lead a lean existence or suspend until the return of peacejfmus is regimentation with a vengeance, yet our responsible educators— despite criticism of details—are giving wholehearted cooperation...

...Heimann might believe that there was none in my mind when I wrote...

...The rest of us, like good soldiers, should stand up under whatever inconveniences and hardships we have to face...

...They were not definitely enough prepared for citizenship, for industry or for war...

...But in the retrospect of two decades Mackinder stands up extremely well...

...Herbert Agar has spoken in his article published in Harpers magazine of "the endemic strain of barbarism," which he alleges is shown by the Germans...

...WHEN CAPITALISTS GO WRONG" FF a thousand men strike in ^Cleveland, pre^s and radio ring the changes for days on end...

...Lstfcast was head of the Associated Press bursas i> Berlin for many years and was probably in s position to obtain more "inside" infoi —til* about the Third Reich than any other journalist The book suffers, I suspect, from being written under heavy time pressure...

...Although he lacks the prolix erudition of Spengler and the sharp paradoxical quality of Ortega y Gasset, he forecasts accurately a surprisingly large number of developments of the future...

...Carr's idea about Germany is not very different...

...Yet whatever the differences of opinion on this score, it should be possible to get people to agree on a policy of disarmament but not dismemberment of Germany and her allies...

...it is amusingly symbolic of the eternal rivalry between the AP sad the UP for news beats that books on Germany by Lochner and by the UP correspondent ia Berlin, Oechsner, in collaboration with sees* of his colleagues, appeared almost simultaneously...

...has been erased from the taeMJsje* of people here...

...They wish to provide the right men at the right places and in the right spirit...

...And the winter has just started...

...This - is, after all, total war...

...The particular merit of Carr's book is that it places emphasis upon positive rather than negative goals, and focnsses attention on the future, not on the past...

...If they make an advance in Tunisia, on Guadalcanal—if they drop half-a-million tons of explosives on Germany or Italy—that may warm our hearts even if the room temperature has sunk a point or two below 68 degrees...

...But it is to be hoped thai tome lessons of these strenuous days will not be unlearned...

...THE WINTER OF OUR DISCONTENT IN Europe men, women and children starve * to death, freeze to death—or are taken out and shot...

...It is easy to understand why this work attracted almost no attention when it first appeared...

...With flashing eyes and sputterings of rich German invective that great German and great scientist was flinging his medals and diplomas and all the other symbols of connection with Germany into a parcel to be shipped back to the old land which was no longer a home to him...

...It leaves out of consideration the immensely important problems of imperialism in general and of Asia in particular...

...Yet the countries now groaning under the heel of Nazi occupation would certainly not agree to permit Germany remain as a unified country unless she was disarmed effectively...

...Total war means that we are all in it...

...It U all a matter of logistics...

...According to this concept, the soldiers of industry are to be taken care of in a responsible manner as well as the soldiers on the fighting fronts or in the training camps...

...My first choice, in the matter of general ideas, is a little book that was a complete flop, from the sales standpoint, when it was published immediately after the last war, and which has.now been given a new lease of life through republication...

...This is an eyewitness story of the tragedy of Yugoslavia snd Greece contains some paasages of descriptive writimt that can hardly be matched for power aad peignance...

...I shall succumb to this weakness and mention the half dozen works that impressed me most in the field of international affairs...

...The same is true of those who judged the French by the treatment meted out to their opponents by the opposing factions in the French Revolution or the Paris Commune...

...166-172, pp...

...S\F the recent interpretations ef Nazi German...

...It will likewise give a breathing space for sentiment in favor of drastic reduction of armaments on the part of the united nations . as well, and thus lay the basis for prosperity which can make peace endurable and therefore durable...

...To break up Germany into several separate states would undoubtedly poison the politics of Europe and the internal politics of the new Germany states for a generation and lead to future wars...

...There are few short books, so understandably written, that contain so many fresh and, in the main, accurate ideas...

...His action was quick and clear...

...Consider, too, that the oil and gasoline, the butter and beefsteak and coffee are going to the fighting men on all of their far-flung fronts...

...EDUCATION FOR WAR IN two years we have come a long way from * our old individualistic and liberal objectives and methods of education...

...Mackinder writes in terms of broad general trends and ideas...

...I do not believe that there is any such endemic strain of barbarism in the German people, but quite the contrary...

...After having served the cause of the democratic nations in unique ways and with unexampled effectiveness, he dies as a victim of the war...

...Think of the...

...I believe that the German people were the first victims of Nazism and that the refusal of the allied governments after the last war to cooperate more heartily with the democratic forces in Germany who were in control of the Weimar Republic ¦ at the beginnnng is in good part responsible for the rise of Nazism...

...We face three solid months of cold with prospects of the tightening of shortages rather than their alleviation...

...It was sacrilege for sectarians of their sort to claim any relationship with the free-ranging mind of such a scientist In a spirit of generosity reinforced by his anger against the fascists, he allowed them to use his name to support projects and purposes which he was in no position to understand or investigate...

...The regime of perverted Nazism had been ushered in...

...From 200 to 300 of our colleges will be taken over in February by the Army and Navy and from then on for the duration will be used to teach men to fight...

...It may well have led to deaths among the Russian soldiers to whom some of the defective wiring had been delivered...

...There could be no better proof of this than the legion of disciples who are carrying on his work and spreading the inspiration of his spirit...

...In this year near the middle of the twentieth century there is still that much of a differential between the handling of labor news and what may be called capitalist news...

...But this Anaconda crime is of the first order...

...He thus per-fensa* in asp station, a service of the greatest iijfuHaiiue to us an...

...Russian soldiers driving forward as blizzards sweep over the steppes...

...In education—as in every other feature of our living—we must not prepare to go back...

...Some books on the world of the future are little more than collections of platitudes and pious hopes...

...It, seems to me important that such a committee should be set up fairly promptly because I am afraid we may be faced within the next year, if things do not go well for Germany, with an attempt .to offer a peace which would retain the German army and the substance of the Nazi .regime under some slightly better perfumed set up...

...The same is true of those who might have judged the American people by the ship captains who commanded the old slave ships...

...The world wanted to settle down and relax after the undprecedented ordeal of the First World War...

...These should be kept warm and well fed...

...But the old Germany was gone...

...And here was a tiresome scholar who was posing problems which even .suggested the possibility of another, and more terrible global conflict...

...In 1941 he established an American office to serve the needs of sailors of the Western hemisphere...

...Oar education has been over-individualistic...

...The Support of the morale of the workers is to be" maintained by "adequate protection" during the entire process of shifting from industry to industry and from place to place...

...They provide—and quite properly—-for the moving of workers, from places where they are not needed to places where war work needs to be done...

...LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Lewis Calls for Post-War Groups to Form Committee on German Problem From ALFRED BAKER LEWIS To the Editor: ~i I think the time is ripe now for...

...341-348...

...A circuit-breaker was installed to deceive the Army inspectors...

...This is emphatically not true as regards Carr...

...EDO FIMMEN—ANTI-FASCIST WHEN Jan Valtin was hunted by both Ge-stapo and G.P.U., he sought the help of Edo Fimmen, who—as he reported in Out of the Night—"was like a father to...

...Such a peace offensive will meet with answering, chords among former isolationists in this country, together with those who follow the line which many former isolationists such as Representative Maas/are taking, that we should press harder . the fight against Japan rather than seeking to knock out the Germans...

...The thing to do is to think of ourselves as soldiers...

...But in all the sectors of anthropology his mind was original and fertile...

...a But there Is a positive reason 'of course for such a proposal...

...Another Englishman, E. H. Carr, in "Conditions of Peace" has produced what seems to me the most original and stimulating book of the year on European postwar problems, oven though I should not be inclined, to accept all its ideas and conclusions...

...He may even be ranked with Oswald Spengler and Ortega y Gasset as one of the authentic prophets of the age of violence and dictatorships that perhaps reached its climax with the outbreak of the Second World War...

...There remains one more type of book in the international field, the story of the coireepoedeat with a roving assignment...

...FRANZ BOAS DROFESSOR BOAS will be longest re-* -membered as the center of a dramatic scene enacted in his office early in the year 1933...

...The purpose is greatest possible output As experienced labor men Mr...

...Here I think Carr has struck a right note, as also in his belief that there can be no genuine European recovery and progress without the association of a Germany purged of Nazism...

...at once a god, a men and a symbol, and he has some constructive and interesting suggestion...

...His generosity did him credit Their use of it was to their shame...

...For the prosecution of this case we are indebted to the War Frauds Division of the Department of Justice...

...Finally, for what it may be worth, the most natural interpretation of the Atlantic Charter is to the effect that that, is its policy which its authors felt was the correct one...

...The same is true of anyone who judged the Spaniards by the treatment of the Indians by the Conquistadores or the treatment accorded to the Jews in Spain...

...With inspired foresight he had foreseen and forestalled the Nazi moves...

...about a basis for peace in the Far East Byas's idea, in a nutshell summary, is to draw the fangs of Japanese militarism while leaving the Japanese people free scope for peaceful production and trade...

...It involves the potential murder of American soldiers at the front...

...He deserves much of the credit for the part which transport workers in the Axis-ruled countries have played in the under-ground movement...

...It bears the unpretentious title "Democratic Ideals and Reality" and the author is a leading British geographer, Sir Hal-ford Mackinder...

...If a great industrial concern like the Anaconda Wire and Cable Company sells the Army and the Lead-Lease administration defective electric .cables—well, the company didn't know anything about it and a couple of underlings are fired...

...Biddle has said: "I can conceive of nothing more vicious or treacherous than deliberately supplying our armed forces with defective war materials...

...But the men who devised this CIO plan go behind such considerations...

...There was a complicated system to provide for the removal of labels from inspected goods and the placing of them on the imperfect and uninspected products...

...whether the pest-war world will be reasonable enough to let such common-sense solutions have a chance ef accomplishment is another question...

...There still remains a misunderstanding between us, for I am not a pragmatf st,and I have formulated my objections to pragmatism in two passages in my book, Marxism Is It Science...

...But it is packed full of information and anecdotes and contains some interesting suggestions as to how Hitler's 'mar machine soule be hit hardest and to the beat advantage...

...I believe, for example, that anyone who read the Penal Laws of England two centuries ago, when more than 200 crimes were punishable by death or anyone who visited British prisons before the work of Elizabeth Frye and John Howard could have spoken very accurately about the "endemic strain of barbarism" among the British people...

...There has been a lack of social responsibility...

...Certainly not the least of the reasons why the last peace was lost was the inability of the victorious powers to get away from the psychology of mere reconstruction and prevention, to give the lead in bold enterprises of international cooperation...

...Cecil Brown's "From Suez to Singapore" covers a wide range both in geography and ha action, The author was on the "Repulse" when it was sunk by Japanese torpedo* and experienced ether adventures only less exciting...

...But the vigor of Carr's thought and style commands attention even when he invites disagreement...

...Lochner's book could be more smoothly organized and is a little disappointing in its discustibr ef such questions as the reasons for the rise of Nazism and the means by which the Nazi maeaiat retains its grip...

...Largely through his organizing genius, the two . million men and women of his Federation have been mobilized on the side of United Nations...

...We are, in fact, throwing ourselves into this war for the defense of these precious things which, for the moment, we are crowding down into a secondary place...

...I WOULD take exception to some features of Carr's work...

...Murray and his colleagues understand that this purpose can be achieved only by workers who have a sense of security, a consciousness that they are functioning as part of a humane and decent system...

...agreement favoring the disarmament, but not the dismemberment, of Germany and of the other Axis powers...

...If we were to lose, everything which we regard as precious in education would be lost When peace returns the collages wffl be turned back to their former administrators and purposes...

...Well worth reading as »« * it would be better If H were pruned in long* leas egocentric aad Jess crammed with the ndaett details of Mr...

...Hitler had come to power and started the application of his absurd race theories to the administration of a great country...

...It lays the emphasis where it should be laid...

...In these articles he ceaselessly attempts to distinguish the steady and selfless battle of the Russian people against the onslaught of the wild beast that is Hitler, from the essence of Bolshevism and the Bolshevist tyranny...

...Young people were not toughened for trials which this present world now forces them to face...

...While Byas, a veteran correspondent in Tokyo, devotes a good deal of the book to a sober description of the long series of political murders that paved the way far the complete control of Japan by the Army leaders, he also discusses the unique position ef the Emperor, who, according to Japaaese theory...

...In attempting to be objective in his appraisal of totalitarian systems he exaggerates their achievements, and even comes out with some ¦ recommendations for the future development of England that have a totalitarian savor...

...Brown's round-by-round fight wt» EDITORIAL COMMENT CIO ON MANPOWER TPH E seven-point manpower mobilization plan * submitted to Director Paul V. McNutt by Philip Murray on behalf of his organization has one great argument in its favor...

...Praises Articles of W. H. Chamberlin From BERT A LEVINE To the Editor: In our time, when not only the liberal press, but also socialist newspapers and circles talk of Russia in terms of the highest and most unqualified praise, the articles of William Henry Chamberlin are indeed a most gratifying occurrence...

...There was never a suggestion of appeasement about him...

...A very soundly informed book about Japan, and one that is less sensational than the title might suggest is Hugh Byas's "Government by Assassination...

...organizations interested in the .postwar world to set up a committee on the minimum basis Of...

...Soviet life in general without trying to dshw up either a eulogy or aa indictment...

...He anticipates the decline of seapower, the resurgence of Germany, the importance of productive power as against artificial finance, the permanent importance of the struggle between German and Slav...

...He had been honored with titles and medals from the most distinguished German institutions during the time of imperial government and during the fourteen years of the Weimar Republic...

...And in this connection we ought to note that much of the past history of the Bolshevikp...

...When our common enemy will ha-ve been overcome and the time will arrive for discussion of the ways in which the various peoples can live peacefully together, we will have to consider, and consider, well, the moral character of each of thi governments involved in our struggle...

...Most schemes of this sort are purely mechanical...

...Early in 1940 he had removed the headquarters of the powerful International Transport Workers Union from his native Holland to Great Britain...

...The same is true of those who regard the German people as responsible for Nazism compared with those who regard tiiem as the first victims of the Nazis...

...Whether or not a person wanted Union Now as a form of world organization for the future, or merely a loose confederation based on the recognition of the principle that an attack upon one is an attack upon all of them, could unite on the policy for disarming, but not dismembering the Axis countries...

...The anthropologist was seventy-five years old...

...He is a cans* observer and critic of the old-fashioned eoloaad system that went dewa before the Japanese oa-rush in Malaya...

...legions of sailors.'' This great leader of the sailors of the world has now passed away down in Mexico at the age of 61...

...It does not mean that we believe less either in individualism or in the value of the liberal arts...

...v Louis Lochner's "What About Germany** is as authoritative and plausible as any...

...Children should be taken care of— and old folks and invalids...

...Although it may net belong to the vintage of 1942 Robert St John's "The Land of the Silent People" is so far tat best in this particular field that it is well worth an additional plug...

...Eastman Regrets Heimann Misunterstanding From MAX EASTMAN To the Editor: I am very sorry that Eduard Heimann found my comment on his criticism ill-natured...

...ChambeXSi continually remind* us rhatlao true character ef the Bolsaoaja has not changed aad cannot ebtfnge...

...The genuine greatness of this man makes all the more reprehensible the use which the American Communist Patty endeavored to make of him during his last years...

...The crime was deliberately and elaborately committed...

...I did not wish to offend him and I took pains to inquire of someone who knows him quite well whether my remarks seemed to suggest a personal animosity...

...Persons of many different minds regarding the future of world organization, and even regarding the responsibility of the German people as a whole for Nazism, could unite on such a policy...

...It seems to me the proposal is a sound and constructive one in itself...

...What is especially gratifying about this of the "pro" and "con" literature, of which there work is that it is definitely outside ef the satofory has been such a surfeit in connection with Russia Scott pimply describes Soviet foreign pstiey, Soviet military establishments, Soviet industrial conditions...