Prussian Officer Caste Shaped Parallel Roles of Kaiser, Hitler
BOHN, FRANK
Prussian Officer Caste Shaped Parallel Roles of Kaiser, Hitler "Soldier Socialism" Was Built By Fredrick II and Bismarck By FRANK BOHN {National Chairman, German-American Congress for...
...It was Bismarck who wrecked the Social-Democratic movement and chained it to the wheels of Soldier Socialism...
...PINLAND is arming...
...Again, only the outward form changes...
...He was acquitted...
...Bat nobody noticed that notlfing was said about the sise of the German Army officers corps...
...In 1914 Germany was, in all the essentials, what she is today...
...The other is at the headquarters of the German High Command in Berlin...
...Yet the two men, Emperor and serf, have been as alike as two peas in a pod in the part they have played in history...
...New blood is being ' poured into it through the Hitler Youth Castles, which are military "'schools for the training of 'boys...
...This colossal system of organization '•»j»ush&d the poor, silly, half-crazy Kaiser along with the rest of -the intellectual and political odds and ends that went to make up the windowfclressing of the German Army...
...But I began with writing a funeral oration, and I must stop right here...
...As an V» economic system and social order, it is based upon a way of life which has, ,during these two centuries, become a religion...
...The Communist campaign against Schnake continued, and finally resulted in an emergency meeting of the Socialist Party Executive Committee...
...This was, in the hand of Frederick the Great, a sword of tempered steek- .Under his command, during the Seven Years' War, the Prussian Army created what I call "The Great Prussian Military Tradition...
...but after the others let Finland fight alone, every thought of a Scandinavian military alliance was dead and Norway and Denmark were likewise Condemned to downfall...
...This power behind the mask is now in process of transformation...
...The Kaiser is dead...
...the^estiori will be whether it will ever live again...
...Engaged as they are in a struggle to bring political democracy to countries many of which are semi-feudal and dictator-ridden, they realize that a victory for the forces of totalitarianism in the present world struggle will mean the defeat of all of their efforts...
...Perfection of Soldier Socialism will not be obtained until about 1950...
...The Argentine Socialists have long opposed all forms of imperialism in Latin America...
...nor Lloyd George, the lousy politician...
...At the'*same time, the Argentine Socialists carry on a constant campaign in their newspapers and elsewhere against the Nazis, the "Communazis" as they call the Communists, and other anti-democratic forces...
...To repair or to build houses for 150,000 people alone, the Finnish government needs $8,000,000...
...You knew and I know that we can do it again...
...The man on the highest throne in Europe and the man from the slums of Vienna have been, masks, and very thin masks at that, of the great social order behind them...
...Frederick I, the Grand Elector of Prussia, died in 1740...
...This system has been enrooted in the life of Prussia for two hundred years...
...It has several deputies and shows promise of becoming as influential among the working classes as the Communist Party has been...
...Of course it wasn't perfect...
...Now or never...
...The Socialists were active in exposing the plot to make Uruguay a Nazi agricultural colony, and they have demanded that the Uruguayan government take active measures against local Nazis, as well as against Nazi and Fascist diplomatic and consular officials...
...Then will come our turu at the whipping post...
...Socialist deputies, led by Enrique Dickmann, have been the most constant critics of the activities of Nazi agents in Argentina and were influential in exposing Nazi maneuvers to separate Patagonia from Argentina, and to set up a Nazi state there...
...In his "Own Story" he emphasizes the weaknesses of the system...
...Brfore this, the Socialists had come out in favor of hemisphere cooperation...
...In 1848, the German middle classes strove to create a democratic republic...
...For eleven years Mussolini parroted these German doctrines...
...This group hai as its nucleus the electricians and other union jrroop...
...If it is a boy it will be a German soldier...
...Officers are often invited to Germany and enjoy their stay...
...Chile, last fall under auspices of the Chilean Socialist Party...
...Finland is doing everything to eradicate the traces of this war, but circumstances are stronger than will alone...
...TTHE Finns are proud of their 23 years of independ-ence, and are convinced that their cooperation and their compromises with other powers are the right moves and imply no future danger for them...
...He drew up a protest which he addressed to the law-enforcement authorities of the Republic asking them to take action against illegal Nazi activities...
...The region swarms with Finnish troops, who are rebuilding the devastated war area...
...Since 1930 Finland has sought a compromise between the danger of Russia and Germany, to follow a Scandinavian policy, that of the "Middle Way...
...They believe that if the Nazis triumph, there will be no chance for either Indian nationalism or Indo-American social democracy in the totalitarian Naii ^"Aryan" world...
...He succeeded where Napoleon ,failed...
...When, in 1890, Bismarck was thrust from ¦ „ power by Kaiser Wilhelm II, German 'Soldier Socialism had mastered the machine process...
...Finland Starves and Reconstructs, Rearms, Watching Russia and Germany By Kurt Singer VJTHEN I was leaving Finland, Major Laolinnen told " me: "and tell the Americans that we shall fight a second time, no matter who attacks us...
...there is a distressing lack of fats, sugar and coffee...
...We are Finns and shall defend our country to the last drop of our blood, whether Communists or Nazis threaten us...
...S. policy of the CP., have split away and revived the old Socialist Labor Party...
...German capitalism was given its job, and it shut its mouth as tight as an oyster...
...wlfetjf-tha' Karelia Union had its fling in Hitler fashion, are now past and have been since 1930, but there iB stronp pressure from Germany...
...ONE question more...
...All Finland is busy today with reconstruction...
...Finland does not trust the present status of peace...
...One center of interest is beside the coffin at Doorn...
...He left a Prussian Army of 140,000 soldiers to his son, Frederick II...
...U.S...
...there is no railroad, and only trucks and automobiles can bring food from Rovaniemi, the last station on the railroad...
...PROM 1914 to 1918 there was fought the world's first great * -mechanistic war...
...A true life of Bismarck has never been written...
...Ludendorff...
...The substance remains the same...
...At some moment last week ;-'riitler strode dramatically into the office oi' Field Marshal Keitel ?^and the assembled officers of the High Command...
...Born in a palace, or born on the kitchen floor in a peasant's hut, makes no difference...
...The impressive showing of the Socialists, without support from any other political group, was perhaps the most significant thing in the election...
...In the Soldier Socialist system all formal law concenters its purpose in national military discipline...
...In addition to backing up President Baldomir in his present foreign policy, the Socialists have taken an outstanding part in exposing the intrigues of Nazi agents in Uruguay...
...The rationing of food is still stringent, fon the difficulties of importing foodstuffs are very great, in spite of the port of Petsamo...
...Then in 1933 they were again proclaimed in Germany, and the Italian carbon lost voice and interest for the world...
...On my own trip over this 300 mile route I often could get no milk, no tea and was glad to obtain hot water...
...Germany takes much wood and cellulose from Finland, and exports Anti-Semitism in exchange...
...The Peace Treaty filled a big book, but thete was left a blank page...
...The distinguished- German historians who have tried to understand and describe that age have made themselves ridiculous...
...Yrjo Niiniluotta, editor of the "Helsingin Sanomat" has an important part in this activity...
...As a result, the Socialists withdrew from the Popular Front, and in the March, 1941, elections did not cooperate with other Popular Front elements...
...The Communists, who were allied with the Radicals and other groups, and thus were aided by them in the poll, succeeded in gaining 17 deputies, though they only received two-thirds the number of votes which the Socialists polled...
...It is surrounded by high mountains...
...The state exists for the army...
...dye industry and Krupp have large establishments there...
...What he did during his years of dictatorship was enough to shove Europe into hell for , half a century longer...
...Soviet trcjpps were 100 miles south of Petsamo, and returned the district to Finland...
...Every one of them 1 had been bound and gagged...
...The fate of the Baltic lands has shown her that the struggle for domination in the Baltic ("Dominium Maris Baltici") is not yet at an end...
...This meeting demanded the expulsion of the Communists from the Popular Front, the ruling political coalition...
...Then, in 1862, came Bismarck...
...Finland knows she must watch the Reich...
...Prussian Officer Caste Shaped Parallel Roles of Kaiser, Hitler "Soldier Socialism" Was Built By Fredrick II and Bismarck By FRANK BOHN {National Chairman, German-American Congress for Democracy} STRANGE but true—the Kaiser and Hitler have been very much alike as well as very different...
...This is its credo: All human society exists for the state...
...We have lost not the war, but the peace," every Finn states...
...Its iron-bellied sponsors are the German aristocrats and country gentlemen...
...Its business is to create as big an army as the people can breed in the cradles of the nation...
...but in military circles something must have been known even then, for a few weeks later German troops marched through Finland on the way to Northern Norway...
...Nazi ideas have already found fertile soil among the followers of Lappo-Fascism...
...In -the light of the life-long anti-imperialist records of sue/i Socialist leaders as Schnake and Senator Marmaduque Grove, this charge was somewhat ridiculous...
...Finnish tactics in "peace" are just as clever as they were in war...
...Another way in which the Argentine Socialist Party has evidenced its support of Pan American collaboration has been in supporting President Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy and constant advocacy of Argentine cooperation with this policy...
...Only the Fascist groups are for a Finno-German alliance—the Karelia Union regards itself as the Quisling of Finland...
...That social order derives from the mighty strength and deep-laid purpose of a social class...
...in 1916-18, commanded Germany and her conquests, from the Belgian coast to Baghdad, just as a Prussian lieutenant commanded a company of infantry in the trenches...
...Ludendorff knew it wasn't perfect...
...Two-thirds of the agricultural land east of the Elbe is owned by about 30,000 Junker ' families...
...A pupil of General Haushofer, Wulf Sievert...
...He also published his findings in a book, "Nazis en el Uruguay," which resulted in his being sued for libel by several local Nazis...
...Not against Russia and not * against Germany, every Finnish military man will declare...
...tne city was devastated by the Russians, and the Finns themselves burnt down every house, destroyed every bridge so as to leave the Russians nothing...
...Finland has acted...
...Those groups which had long been irrtpaay it the servility of the Cuban Communists to the dictator of Moscow, and who were specially opposed to the anti-U...
...This polarity is the prize drama of the century...
...Il it is a girl it will be a mother of a German soldier...
...To understand this class, one must begin with geography...
...They have advocated a return to honest democratic government in those Argentine provinces in which the Federal government has forced upon the citizens a semi-dictatorial regime...
...Children have never yet seen a banana, and the elders can scarcely remember what they are like...
...The latter, a starved and driven casual worker, never knew what • three meals a day were until he was drafted by the German army and kicked around by a top sergeant...
...Sweden's fate is just as uncertain ~today as Finland's—which has welded both landa together even firmer than ever...
...They succeeded in many a small province—in the Rhineland and in South Germany...
...Germany was ...left a-country of junkers on the one hand and peasants on the other...
...Finland, and ordered among other things 100 small ships, so that Fjnish shipyards have now been provided with work for the next few years...
...Throughout the country the Socialists have been active in organizing a group, Accion Argentina, to awaken the Argentines to the Nazi danger...
...First they did it by hoodwinking and deceiving the fools who met in Paris to make the peace in 19-19...
...tU * times of the Lappo-Fascism (1927...
...In 1917-18 we went in and gave the knockout blow...
...That class was and still is the military aristocracy of Prussia...
...Do you suppose anybody ever listened to them...
...But the arming program continues...
...Chocolate is a rarity, and fruits, except for some Italian lemons, are not to be had at any price...
...There are no more blackouts, but the war censorship is still just as it was in war days...
...But there are sufficient quantities of meat...
...They succeeded in electing four Senators to the Socialists' five...
...That war brought forth one first-rate set of brains—and only one...
...The population feels hatred and contemptVor the Russians, antl for their own brave army an indescribable pride...
...Thus Germany lost the leadership which could have made her a republic, which could have fought German Soldier Socialism on something like equal terms i: during the remainder of the Nineteenth Century...
...This has been a policy of building up air and naval bases for the joint use of all American powers...
...Just previously the three Socialist Ministers had resigned from the Cabinet, and although . President Aguirre Cerda did not accept their resignations, the Socialists are still active in advocating the breaking off of all relations with the Communists...
...We Americans shall be forced to accept the system, I was at Vichy last summer and talked with a French minister about the question as to why France was forced to accept the system and how the system was being introduced...
...TPHE Finnish people are mostly democratic...
...Water power plants are arising...
...Everything in the country must be in the state and with the state...
...All except Hitler, who drinks r^Witer...
...Those brains were in the head of a man - named Von Ludendorff...
...commanded, in every detail, by the Great General Staff of the'German Army...
...We licked hell at its own game...
...This is to be the "aristocracy" which will Soldier Socialize humanity in every quarter of the earth during ' the coming period...
...At the fateful peace the German masses were degraded, then hounded and starved and robbed during the fifteen years to come...
...but this does not fit the facts, for after the thaw the numerical superiority of the Russians could not have been resisted...
...From the soldier's point of view German Soldier Socialism in the First World War was a most magnificent piece of military organization...
...houses, bridges, and settlements are being constructed...
...When he left, Schnake strongly voiced his support of such a policy...
...For, of course,, if it wins this war, it will win the next war...
...In the earlier World War Germany conquered Aaland and General Haushofer, the German geopolitician, declared more than once that Aaland is the most strategic island in the Baltic "Whoever possesses Aaland, has a pistol .trained on Stockholm, the heart of Scandinavia...
...How, in God's name, did German Soldier Socialism span the gap between 1918 and 1*34...
...This criticism of the Scandinavian idea is bitter to Northern Europe...
...The policy has been under strong attack by the Nationalists —the Congressional opposition—and the three Socialist deputies have been an important element in the government's forces in the lower house...
...During the last two generations, this class has annexed and used the aristocracy of the remainder of Germany...
...To hell with Hitler...
...thereupon Russia permits, for the first time, the-fortification and garrisoning ofl the most important of all Baltic islands, Aaland, which is only 100 miles from Stockholm, the-Swedish capital...
...The I.G...
...The Popular Front, the Socialist Party, and Senor Alfaro were all declared illegal by the semi-totalitarian Arias regime...
...The intermediary was one of the special confidants of Hitler, the Swede Sven Hedin, world famous explorer of Tibet, who even made use of the Swedish government to deliver this message...
...Imagine trying to tell the story to Presidents Harding and Coolidge, or Lloyd George, or Poincare, or Chamberlain...
...Finds South American Socialists Active Allies in Fight on Axis, Spanish, Red Agents By ROBERT ALEXANDER | ATIN AMERICAN SOCIALISTS, like their eom-*-* patriots everywhere, are opposed to totalitarianism...
...Finland's lakes will again freeze over, Russian troops can once more march over these thousand of lakes...
...Look at a map'of Germany, at the River Elbe...
...IN Peru, the Aprista movement, a native Indian-Socialist group which has been more or less closely associated with other Latin American Socialist organizations, has traditionally had an anti-imperialist policy in opposition to the United States...
...Last summer, Oscar Schnake, Socialist Minister of Production, took a trip to the United States to negotiate a trade treaty...
...Cuba has recently seen a split in the Cofhitnuiiilt Party...
...but Finland herself is marching this year on dangerous ice...
...Therefore they have dropped, for the time being, theft former policy of opposition to all things North American, and favor a policy of cooperation between the Indian-American countries and the United State* fof the building of an impregnable defense of our hemisphere...
...Finally, through the unions which they largely control, as well as through those local governments under their administration, the Socialists have attempted to work out a democratic solution to the problems of the war-inspired economic depression which now grips Argentina...
...Tears were "'"shed all-around—crocodile tears—and the gang probably took a LJtalf hour off the jab to drink beer...
...The Ecuadorian Socialist Party has suggested the calling of an inter-continental congress of Socialists to discuss problems of mutual interest...
...The new groups—both trade union and political—support President Batista's policy of cooperation with the United States...
...The former was born into the world as the heir to the throne of the Hohenzollerns—a great feudal, regal, and imperial ruling house for five hundred years...
...They failed, of course, in Berlin...
...My friends in Germany knew all about it...
...This reference to a danger from Germany seemed then almost strange...
...In view of the approaching elections, the Radicals and other groups were unwilling to expel the Communists...
...If, about 1957, we Americans-rise in rebellion against the tyrants, those Swastika babies will be" sixteen and will dive-bomb us into a bloody pulp or quick submission...
...When Bismarck left the office of Imperial Chancellor in 1890, the German capitalist class ^vvas as enslaved as the working class...
...And you know and I know that if we are ignorant enough and mean enough to leave Britain to her despair, the British Empire will be a bloodsoaked wreck in twelve months' time...
...Yes, the Kaiser and Hitler are, historically speaking, father and son...
...He wrecked it by stealing the socialist thunder...
...Such words are not alluring, as little as Alfred Rosenberg's Nazi prophecy that Germany's sphere of 'influence and Lebensraum is Scandinavia, Finland included...
...Russia is not satisfied with the new Finnish President Ryti, and still meddles in Finnish internal affairs...
...But the Finnish form of government, even with its wartime laws and censorship still in effect, is nonetheless a true, democratic and good setup...
...and as powerful an army as the nation's economic system can equip and supply for a war footing...
...Only in Germany is bread worse than in Finland...
...German army staff work never failed to function for a single day...
...After Hitler came to power it was kept at high pressure...
...for in time* of war not discussion, but action, is necessary...
...It is these landowners who have carried on, for a - full two centuries, the tradition of Prussian arms...
...German culture and the German language are widely spread in Finland...
...IN Chile, the Socialists have also been active in the * fight against totalitarianism...
...They kept a German army of 100.000 enlistedtmen...
...He has gathered much material concerning the propaganda and othe^ activities of the Nazis in Uruguay...
...Perhaps the most powerful Socialist movement in Latin America is that of Argentina...
...The German Soldier Socialist system was...
...This part of Northern Finland is in great distress: here is most abject poverty and want...
...PINLAND has made compromises in order to pre-* serve herst-lf...
...During the last war they actively supported a policy of Argentine neutrality...
...F At the present time the Apristas realize that tat greatest threat to their plan for the developmental Indian nationalism and Socialism is the Nazi menace...
...In this Finland there is peace—and yet war...
...She owes her continued existence to the undecided Battle for the Baltic She allows GeF" man troops to cross her borders...
...The old rattle-brained, ridiculous Kaiser "dies-at the precise point when Hitler's Empire comes to its greatest ' height of victory and expansion...
...To equalize German influence in Finland, Russia recently made a trade agreement fhat is not unfavorable to...
...All Germans are to ' be the "aristocracy...
...The press is still cautious: hard words against Russia are definitely and energetically forbidden—as is any criticism of Nazi Germany...
...Germany, however^ wished to prevent the complete conquest of Finland and informed Russia accordingly...
...The Socialists, nevertheless, increased their vote by 50 per cent and became the second largest party in Chile...
...We could do this because of our vast resources of men and machines and consumers goods...
...Their newspaper published an expose of the activities of Nazi agents amonsr the German-Chilean population...
...Nor did ^ha destroy it by his 15 years of police tyranny and prison , sentences...
...jOERMAN Soldier 'Socialism has a remarkable history...
...June 3rd'a papers carried a note from Vichy, which indicates how Soldier Socialism is thriving in unoccupied France...
...The Panamanian Socialist Party was an integral part of the Popular Front organized last year to back the candidacy of former Minister to Washington, Ricardo J. Alfaro, for the Presidency...
...Bismarck brought to his task the strongest set of brains in the ..political history of the modern world...
...Democracy can be saved for Finland, only if the democracy of the world, the democracy of England and of America will insure the freedom of the world in this present war...
...The French people are starving by the millions, but the French government is granting a bonus for every baby born...
...Well, there it is today —;by far the greatest organization of human minds and human labor power and machines in the history of the worlds This is the black curse of Soldier Socialism upon the world— It Works...
...IN the neighboring country of Uruguay, the Socialists * have been ardent supporters of the policy of inter-American cooperation followed by President Baldftmir...
...During the reaction, from 1849 to 1870, more than two million . German exiles came to the United States...
...Every German Social-Democratic editor and Reichstag member acted precisely as every German priest and preacher, every college professor, and every country school teacher, acted...
...Socialists in other countries which have dictatorial governments which tend toward totalitarianism, ha*» expressed their opposition to those regimes, and flies' support of democracy and a policy of ail-American d*-fense of democracy...
...Read Treatschke and weep...
...During that fatal year at Paris, neither Clemenceau, the political criminal...
...in the days of the Finnish Revolution Map-nerheim fought with Germans at his side, and—%hia is hot generally "known—was opposed to friendship with Germany^ when it seemed that Kaiser Wilhelm wished to free Finland only to insure his own dominance in the Baltic and to make her a German colony...
...Its present transformation, if continued, will develop the system throughout the German people, who number eighty millions...
...German capitalism never had a ghost of a chance to taste liberty and power...
...It was the Prussian Army which smashed the Revolation, with cannon and musketry, or by threat, in the little .'capitals everywhere in Germany...
...Personally, during these fifteen years, I came in touch with this big job from time to time...
...All the world is to be enslaved...
...Finland with its four million inhabitants—half as many as New York City— has 350,000 homeless as'a result of the war...
...The followers of the Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana have long advocated the building of a federation of Indo-American republics which will be free of the domination of any foreign country and which will w organized upon the basis of Indian Socialism...
...More recently, however, the Socialists have been active in combating Communist influence...
...The Finnish weekly "Nya Argus" writes: "Our Scandinavianism is derided, and has indeed shown its weaknesses...
...Yet, in the face of the present Nazi menace, they are the most ardent supporters of a policy of continental solidarity...
...but even today the bivouacs, barbed wires and the dead are still to be seen...
...But since the occupation of Norway and Denmark., this Scandinavianism is dead...
...to follow Norway...
...No worth while history of the German Revolution of 1848 could be published in Germany until after 1918...
...Let us admit that that was a tough job...
...This eee> ference resolved that "The Congress of Democratic and Popular Parties considers that the Nazi-Fascist penetration (Italian, German, Japanese and of the Spapia* Falangists) constitutes at present the greatest <laflj*j for the sovereignty of the Latin American couhtria*-The congress, which included representatives of all important Latin American Socialist groups, called f°r cooperation between the democratic forces of l*ti» America and North America...
...He had learned how to do this from Ferdinand Lassale as early as 1862...
...Neither President Ryli nor Field Marshal Mannerheim wishes Finland to surrender...
...Sweden and Denmark...
...Finiand is one of the few European countries that still has a port open to America—Petsamo, located on the northernmost point of Europe, within the Arctic Circle...
...From now on that French baby is being horn into German Scldier Socialism...
...On that blank page, the German officers corps later wrote that 12,000 of their number' should be kept under the colors and either paid wages or draw incomes from their Prussian estates...
...In the face of the drive of the Nazis and their Fascist and Communist allies to swing the Latin countries into the totalitarian camp, the Socialists are in favor of a policy of cooperation with the United States in hemisphere defense...
...PURTHER expression of the policy of continental * cooperation which the American Socialists support came from the Congress of Democratic Parties of Latin America, held in Santiago...
...They succeeded in electing 16 deputies...
...nor yet Woodrow Wilson, the simple, honest, but woefully ignorant college professor, noticed the clever trick that saved Get man Soldier Socialism...
...Hugo Fernandez Artucio, a young Socialist writer, has been especially active...
...If you will read the second volume of Ludendorff's "Own Story" you will gain some instruction that may help in understanding the world as it is today...
...That job was to furnish food for the soldier's belly and a rifle for his hands...
...His statements were immediately seized upon by the Communists, who maintained that Schnake was selling out his country to the "American Imperialists...
...These families include not only the great aristocrats, like the family of Bismarck, but also thousands of country gentle-"me'n, each owning a few thousand acres, or even a few hundred acres of land...
...states in his book "Der Ostseekreis" (The Baltic Sphere) quite openly: "And we foresee the time when Scandinavia and Fta-land will get their new life, politically as well a* ta matters of religion, from German National Sociaham...
Vol. 24 • June 1941 • No. 23
