Is Nazism a Social Revolution?
HOOK, SIDNEY
Is Nazism a Social Revolution? Germany's, "State Ownership" Is Bureaucracy's Counter Revolt By Sidney Hook Chairman, D*pmrtjMjrf of PMfos»f*Y. at Now Yjtrk UmrritHj. Past 10 Years Showed...
...But quite independeefly of this question, the France of the Great Revolution will continue to live...
...Military parades wei» substituted for the political spectacles...
...The general staff of the German fifth column in the United States is its diplomatic representation...
...The answer would be commonplace were it not for the Leninist perversion of Marx...
...For practical defense por.posfes, this nation can count only on its own fleet, Britain's naval arm being concentrated-in the Mediterranean, or about the British Isles...
...Quite true, but this holds for any international war or even anyy major event...
...we do est " refer so much to France as to her rise as an independsst entity...
...But other powers are building as well...
...Reich "Consuls" Direct 5th Column Efforts To Regiment 7 Million Germans in U.S...
...They shhrn in the Prophets of Isreal...
...mSi* The past seven years, nay...
...No sensible German resident of the United States—or of any other rlationality for that matter—will object to being registered or fingerprinted or both...
...State legislators worked overtirrte in more special sessions dur-: ing the pa's&'deiaide than in any other peri&C^&C'iefforts to meet unusual demands vyesulting, for the most part, frop>etlanging economrs'eoijdiiions...
...H7HEN we say "France is dead—Long live Fiance...
...the second re^ suits in stark blindness...
...IkTEXT in importance to the diplomatic machinery is the ™ German language press...
...instead of being the commander of his fifth column, he is a convict in Sing Sing...
...of Man of 1792, and erase the shgSsof the Republic, "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity," to make rwa for "Labor, Family, Country...
...We take care of such would-be dictators—remember Huey -Long...
...After my tour through Englatjd, I spoke in most of the Norwegias cities, again devoting much time talking to political leaders...
...In other words: Don't tell any of these silly American officers that you belong to a Nazi affiliate...
...Any one old enough to remember, will admit that the U.S...
...I realize that you have suffered terribly-but that must not color your reason...
...Needless to say: Hitler's assurance that he has no designs on the Western hemisphere is not worth the paper on which it was written...
...A considerable number of German dailies and weeklies are supposedly "neutral" but publish sufficient ¦ material from official German sources (the Trans-Ocean Service, for instance) to make them practically pro-Nazi publications...
...Think of the Stoics who raised the banner of natural rifSt...
...In order to carry on the fifth column activities the staff of all German consulates have been considerably enlarged —it would be worthwhile for the Dies Committee or another Congressional investigating body to ask the State Department to publish the list of newly accredited employees of the German consular staffs...
...Not all of these .twelve thousand German turners and their guests are Nazis, of course...
...It may be true that the most effective struggle against Nazism can be conducted only by a socialist or labor government...
...Not only is this the sheerest mysticism, it is demonstrably false...
...Counterrevolutionary in respect to what...
...It was officers assigned by the German military staff who showed the Russians how to crack the Mannerheim Line...
...sterility of Leninist theory as the view that it is the last phase of finance capitalism...
...Here, again, with some differences of an historical and traditional kind, the underlying pattern is the same...
...And if you are asked, you can answer with a dear conscience that you do not belong (at present) to any of those organizations you mention...
...Perhaps Hitler will for once unify Europe," forget that to pacify and to unify are two different things...
...And we, too, dream with Heine and Robert Schumann, •who blended the tones of this song with the strains of the Marseillaise, that this great battle hymn will yet again resound in the streets of Paris...
...Viewed in retrospect, the historical barometer of the past five years in France had poinUd to severe storm...
...Liberty divorced from Equality...
...A second time I was asked, to address a meeting of liberal and conservative members under the chairmanship of Lady Astor...
...Because of the appropriateness of Siegfried MarckV srtfcJs on France and Bastille Day...
...Against the U. S. n*,vy.,.American admirals must figure on the Italian fleet, which can send 200 submarines into the Atlantic...
...That is why they are eternally young...
...Counterrevolutionary to the cultural, political and social ideals of the French Revolution and, therefore, to the socialist movement...
...Just as the Nazi Bund admits only citizens t» its membership, the other affiliates of the Nazi fifth column rely upon citizens, as fifth column precedents abroafd have shown...
...Accordingly it is a decisive question: in what direction can those ninety per cent be swayed—for or against the Nazi movement...
...More than ever before, the state is the executive committee of one group of the population—the party functionaries, factory executives, military men and administrators whose professional life consists in coordinating their rule with the help of a national mythology...
...The army alone marched— the army whose strength and devotion to the Republic seemed beyond doubt...
...was, profoundly different in many respects after the first World War, but it would be using language in arbitrary fashion to speak of these changes as constituting a social revolution...
...I regret to say (because I do not want to support those hotheads who advocate the suppression of all foreign language newspapers) 'that there are only a very few German language papers outspokenly anti-Nazi...
...ThisVas in addition to regular legislative sessions, held every other year* in most states...
...It won't be complete until 1947...
...Nothing indicates so eloquently the...
...Insofar, then, as Nazism wages war against the existing democracies, it is an elementary duty of socialists not merely to join the fight against it but to lead in that fight...
...To meet this threat, President Roosevelt has asked for, and the Senate granted, the world's greatest navy "to meet any possible combination of hostile naval powers...
...In this sense, despite differences in paper decrees and con- , stitutions, Nazism is just as much /a social revolution as Bolshevism...
...II7HAT, then, is the significance of Nazism...
...The ideas of 1789 cannot be extinguished...
...But there were passionate party struggles in France before the last war, too, and Foch, too, was no Republican but a Clerical and monarchist...
...Of course, one must avoid with equal care the present anti-alien hysteria and the underestimation of the real Nazi danger, which, contrary to common belief, lies not in the annoyingly noisy Nazi Bund...
...Therefore you will have to wait further...
...Diplomatic mail pouches are used to smuggle in Nazi propaganda, consulates are made centers of the propaganda machinery as well as of the secret political police and other agents...
...Even on his own philosophy, Hitler can "unify" Europe only byuniversalizing terror...
...But we know, too...
...Think of **• Antigone of Sophocles pitting the unwritten laws of HeSSSS against the transitory, criminal decrees of the Despots...
...The Third Republic had failed to resolve these Lcngj°"j j could not grapple with the combined problem of the Liberty and its preservation...
...Devision of the world's naval strengths inte a democratic fleet and a Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis fleet shows that there is now an...
...But no one regarded the war as an expression of revolutionary energies...
...In 1947 the planned battleship fleets of Japan, Germany, Italy and France will he as lsrge as the new American navy...
...What the Wang-Ching-Wei-ispr government is trying to do in the present interval is to apply pap business therapy to soothe the spirit of the people...
...What I said, was said in vain...
...On the other hand, there are about seven million German Americans of first and second generation in the United States, subject to ever intensified Nazi propaganda, misled by allegedly "neutral" German language newspapers, misled by a false sense of patriotism to the old country, and consequently eligible to become more of a fifth column than they are as yet...
...The government of capitulation may proclaim the tearful...
...Fifth columnists are citizens, not aliens...
...Aside from the Social Democratic "Neue Volkszeitung," I can name the Florida Echo (Miami), the Schenectady Herald, and the GrossDaytones Zeitung (Dayton, Ohio...
...Ships Against the Axis IT may disturb a popular myth, behind which millions hide in complacent ostrichism, but—the democracies are--no longer completely dominant on the sea...
...We are aware of the limitations by which man is boos** and yet we believe in Freedom...
...For the cultural and political ideals of the French Revolution, whose very letters are now being erased in prostrate France, are an integral part of the socialist movement...
...They live IS all nations determined to maintain human rights against despotism and slavery, in all nations who regard themselves ss advanced political and economic organisms...
...In both countries this could only be done by a cultural counter-revolution against the liberating ideals of the French Revolution...
...approximate balance of naval power...
...The Nazi critique of capitalism was, anil is, that it still abides by these Ideals even in their very imperfect forms...
...to the prestl^^JiKi'ws there have been 252 speciaT'sessions since 1930...
...And...
...As an independent force, the workers could exercise more influence in a capitalist state than they can today under totalitarianism...
...Undoubtedly...
...who later became Foreign Minister of the Norwegian government...
...It is therefore utterly impossible* for any^ anti-Nazi speaker to have the opportunity of addressing any German-Arfterican organization...
...nd the Japanese war fleet...
...For various reasons, there is unfortunately no'room for comparison with the Germany of 191-9...
...he states his business as "Lecturer and Interpreter of European Conflicts...
...For Bolshevism in their eyes has already accomplished a "social revolution...
...while dictatorial governments would not permit the envoy of a democratic nation to spread democratic propaganda abroad, the totalitarian diplomats feel free to abuse their special privileges in every respect...
...They illumine the mind and soul of the Greeks...
...Thl "^)Ui*iJ*S'report, covering the Jjivyears from 1927...
...It is easy now, after the catastrophe, to percent"1 the causes of the collapse in the conduct of the officers' corps, ¦ in the disunity of French society and in the backwardness of French industry...
...Hitler is well aware of this...
...The ruling bureaucracy constitutes a social class with differential living conditions and a -unifying world outlook...
...Alfred Rosenberg on the Nazi plans to conquer Europe first—and then the world at large...
...resulted in action which freed my wife and child who were kept as hostages in a men's concentration camp...
...Such a two-ocean force will cost $4,600,000,000...
...The one possible exception is fanatical nationalism which did not emerge with the French Revolution but with Napoleon, who arrested even as he consolidated some of its gains...
...Its double-face policy is impressively revealed by the advice given to a reader in reply to an inquiry (Thursday, July 11, editorial page) : "Orange, N. J. The Federal offices have been simply swamped for quite some time with applications for second citizenship papers, and since they could suffer a sudden death if they work too hard, they take their time...
...Others have warned that because Hitlerism is a social revolutionary movement, it can only be defeated by social revolutionary movements, within the remaining democracies, which would parallel Hitlerism in all respects except in its ultimate enis and in the character of its leading elite...
...Democracy of the West today," he tells us, "is the forerunner of Marxism which would be inconceivable without it...
...Jt follows at once that every democrat and ialist must be an irreconciliable opponent of Nazism, and that it is plain lunacy to ex- _ pect socialism to be introduced by the backdoor after a Nazi victory...
...In the first months of the war of 1914 the German soldiers and populace were every whit as enthusiastic as they are today...
...Diplomatic representatives of totalitarian powers act differently: they do not recognize that this principle requires reciprocity...
...I spent a long evening in the beautiful Oslo home of Professor HaLvdan Koht...
...We know there can be no fraternity in s W"*T ruled by capitalism and fascism...
...This has been the dogma of all Leninist schools—Trotsky, Dutt, Guerin, etc...
...PVERY one of the ideals of the French *~t Revolution, with one possible exception, is anathema to the Nazi philosophy of life...
...Look how quickly we finished Fritz Kuhn...
...4 * * * CHORTLY before, coming to England I "had been in Sweden and Denmark, meeting, with governmental leaders and members of parliament, but there, too, I encountered the same incredulity...
...LATE in March 1934, a few months after my escape from the.Oranicnburg concentration camp, I started a lecture tour through England under the auspices of...
...he gives as his business address: "c/o German Consul General, 26 O'Farrell St., San Francisco, Calif...
...All these ideas are only correctives for the grand, basic conceptions of 17S9 and do not in any way alter their fundamental truth, f N these dark days we think of Heine's song of the Two Grena* diers...
...Not the French people, not Fraifc * culture—oh, no...
...The Nazis do not spend millioas of dollars every year on propaganda in the U.S.A...
...to recognize the dynamic power of the Nazi party, to take Hitler's "Mein Kampf" seriously in spite of its ridiculous boasting, and even to pay attention to the seemingly foolish announcements of Mr...
...This bureaucracy includes individuals who may not hold membership in the party bat who, strategically placed in the sectors of production, education, and the military arm, accept party orders and objectives...
...From the second position, the possibility of any social revolution different from the type envisaged by the orthodox schema is ruled out by definition...
...Germany's, "State Ownership" Is Bureaucracy's Counter Revolt By Sidney Hook Chairman, D*pmrtjMjrf of PMfos»f*Y...
...His name is Prinz Kurt zur Lippe...
...The only question is whether It will be in a Fascist or in a free Europe...
...Otherwise Russia would not have failed so miserably in Finland...
...By GERHART H. SEGER Editor "Neue Volkszeitung," former member of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the German Republic's Reichstag...
...F course, we know that these ideals had hecome lifeless is routine of everyday life, and that the old dust of Si**Sj had fallen upon them.'* The tensions between the very ideas tS Liberty and Peace, of Peace and Equality have been clsrsertSa for new solutions...
...Malcolm Hastings, who translated the article, requested that this piece be printed this week...
...After all, this is America—not Germany...
...the British Labor Party...
...Culturally, Leninism must be regarded in the light of its development as the first Fascist movement''of the twentieth century...
...illumination to be found in a * loose-use of terms...
...My warnings were taken as the utterance of someone who had lost his sense of proportion because of his imprisonment in a concentration camp, or as tho opinion of a refugee who wanted to frighten the outside world merely because he had come into too close contact with the Nazis and thereby had lost his judgment...
...provincial program of Colonel de la Rocque as a substHsa 1st' the Declaration of the Right...
...German military victory is the cause not the effect of Nazi enthusiasm...
...Nor is there any evidence that their counsel has greater weight in Nazi party circles than that of other social groups...
...Our conclusion, then, is that Nazism is economically a social revolution but politically and culturally a counter-revolution...
...After all, what if a fiew liberals and Jews are beaten...
...Quisling in Norway, Degrelle in Belgium, Mussert in Holland, Sir Oswald Mosley in England—all were not aliens but native-born citizens of their respective countries...
...N August 14, 1935, the Popular Front was formed with solemn vows to oppose the activities of French fascists...
...The Tricolor shines is the Star-Spangled Banner...
...HPHE phrasfe "social revolution" has no fixed * meaning in current popular usage...
...Lady Astor told me quite soothingly: "You must not let yourself be carried away by your understandable enmity against Hitler...
...Those who are already saying: "Who knows...
...Finance capitalists—insofar as there are any left in Germany today—take their orders from the Nazi party and not'vice versa...
...THERE is no...
...In all these, in all whom we have mentioned, lives 1789,b*¦, France...
...and despite variations in detail, the Nazis have recapitulated the essential history of the Russian Revolution—the transfer of property in the basic instruments^ of production from the capitalist class to the party bureaucrats...
...NLY one who comes from a totalitarian country can v appreciate better the strong democratic tradition in the United States...
...but this law gives the country a false sense of security...
...its absence may be fatal but its presence is rarely decisive except when two armies are approximately equal in other respects, n It may he argued that without its industrial co-ordination and planned economy, the German army would not have achieved its technical superiority...
...The largest German language daily, the New York "Staatszeitung," published by the Ridder brothers, claims to be neutral but is actually 75 to 90 per cent prorNazi...
...It is foolish when we cannot have the best to choose the worst...
...Morale is always-B factor...
...tjien, in truth, will the unknown soldiers rise armed from tbeir graves, urn die Freiheit, die Freiheit su schiltzen...
...But so far, to most of my warnings, I get the reply: "Now, now, keep your shirt on...
...Enlightment which the Nazis regard with contempt but whs* civilized mankind honors as a period of true light...
...This meeting, by the way...
...It is sometimes said that Nazism is a social revolutionary movement because in consequence of the war which it has unleashed, the Western World will never be the same, no matter who proves to be the ultimate victor...
...The first position induces a kind of political delirium tremens in which social revolutions chase one another in a mad succession...
...Under this new program, the United States in 1947 will have 701 warships (including 35 battleships) in active service in comparison with 369 now afloat...
...1 • Power has been transferred from the capitalists but not to the workers...
...Even before the Berlin-Moscow pact was signed the Nazis used the Communist tactics of boring from within...
...But a planned economy is not a sufficient condition for military success...
...out, the council said...
...These ideas live in the whole history of Christianity, in t*J German Reformation, in the thinking of the English and FrsaW...
...The France of 1789 lives in America...
...The enforcement of the MacCormack Act, by the way, would supply the Department of Justice with a valuable list of fifth columnists, much more effectively than all the registration and fingerprinting of aliens...
...Bastille Day -1940 France Is DeadLong Live France...
...You cannot do anything else.' You do not need to say anything unless you are asked...
...For almost six years now I have been lecturing throughout the length and breadth of this country, warning it not to underestimate the undercover activities of the Nazis here...
...The bill incrases the present authorized strength by 70 per cent and, with projected construction, will more than double the existing navy...
...France stood on the eve of Munich...
...Hastings' concluding article on Who Knifed France will be rss in the next edition of The New LeadCr...
...They were passionately embraced hr^ the Russian revolutionaries who struggled for a hundred against Czarist thraldom...
...The difficulty with most discussions of the Nazi state is that they are carried on either with no clear conception of the meaning of the terms used or with traditional concepts drawn from the arsenal of orthodox Marxism according to which a social revolution must be progressive and, in our age, in the interests of the working class and its allies...
...The world is never the same...
...the German fleet, which can leave Europe via the Arctic circle...
...Diplomatic representatives of democratic countries adhere to the democratic principle of non-interfe'rence in the domestic affairs of the country in which they work...
...The conclusion in some cases l|as been that we should not underestimate its strength, its reservoir of human energy, or place any hope on the activities of underground groups within Germany...
...We know that human beWP are not equal in most of life's spheres, but nevertheless we belUS* that the idea of equality must be preached and applied insofar** it is applicable...
...that t*» ideal of fraternity has been achieved in th^ highest momenta •* history, and must—and will—be achieved again...
...But that is no reason for lagging in support of any government which is genuinely fighting Nazism...
...These 33 battleships will be a greater dreadnought force than that of all present foreign navies, including Britain, lumped together...
...It is perfectly consistent for sincere Stalinist and Trotskyist partisans of the BerlinMoscow axis to hamstring labor and socialist support of the Western democracies in their war of defense against the Nazi cultural counter-revolution...
...From the first position almost anything can be called a "social revolution," Fascist dictatorships, Popular Front governments, the New Deal, etc., since they indisputably do introduce "profound" social changes...
...The 1940 total may be in-, creased with the development of an1 ' emergency national defense prog rami which may require supplementary'state legislation before the year is...
...The war has revealed nothing which modifies this picture...
...Since I was one of the first political refugees from Germany, I was invited twice to address meetings of members of both houses of the British .Parliament...
...If the enthusiasm of Hitler's soldiery is a sign of a social revolutionary movement, then any victorious army sweeping everything before it in an offensive on enemy soil, is social revolutionary...
...he admits no income but states that he only is reimbursed for his travel expenses amounting to $60-4100 per month...
...French history ends—for tat moment—with the tragic act of civil war which was the sea battle of Oran...
...If we follow the customary usage- of scientific historians, the term "social revolution" will designate (1) a change in property relations, (2) effected by a transfer of political power from one class to another...
...On the other hand, even armies which are avowedly revolutionary are not enthusiastic in retreat or defeat...
...To be sure, there are some American fascists too but they are all crackpots and won't get anywhere...
...This has been, or should have been, obvious even to ideological diehards since 1935...
...Past 10 Years Showed Greatest Increase in Gov't Work CHICAGO, III.— The last 10 years have been the busiest period for state legislatures in American history, according to a report from the Council of State Governments...
...A year later, 1937, we witnessed the degeneration of the French Right, celebrating in a spirit of pure class hatred the victories of Franco in Spain...
...The Nazi dictatorship is not foolish enough to employ many aliens who would be eligible for deportation any time...
...To us, too, has come the tragic news that "France has been lost...
...Since it is one of the unspeakable cruelties of the Nazi regime to have reintroduced the medieval barbarism of hostage arrest, this fear is not without foundation...
...The balance of power was upset by the British destruction of the French fleet...
...While Germany's democracy, only 14 years old, died of some infantile disease, American democracy is 150 years old and well established in the minds and hearts of the people...
...Last year's celebration of the day had already taken plaesle^ an atmosphere of the coming war and of internal tension hi France...
...It it snW without significance from the viewpoint of world history...
...One example in place of many: under the MacCdrmack Act (which became effective on June 8, 1938) requiring the agents or other representatives of foreign governments or foreign principals to register with the State Department, a Nazi agent from the West Coast recently sent in his registration...
...The socialist critique of capitalism was directed to proving that the development of capitalist economy frustrated the realization of these ideals...
...In the years immediately preceding 1939, the day brought forth two opposing demonstrations...
...Once.we dean* property functionally, i. e., as the right, enforced by state power, to exclude others from the use of goods and services, then itT: is strictly accurate to say that in On many (as in Russia) the bask instruments of production are owned by the party bureaucracy...
...July 14, 1936^-four days after the outbreak of the civil war in Spain—was celebrated as a victory of the Popular Freat, marked by impending economic struggles, which had appesrei to presage a social revolution whose aim would be the establishment of the Fourth Republic...
...TPODAY France is dead...
...Having made the Nazi movement a field of particular study in Germany before Hitler came to power, and as a former member of the German Reichstag and its Commitee on Foreign Relations, I felt it my duty to warn the British members of Parliament, as strongly as I cduld, not to take things too easy...
...Liberty hostile to EoSSIjay' degenerates into bourgeois liberalism, which in the long . prefers Fascism to the "threat" of Socialism...
...The specific situation from country to country naturally determines what form co-operation should take with other groups opposed to Nazism...
...It assumes that the individual capitalist, who as a capitalist is interested only in profit, is willing to sacrifice himself for the interests of the capitalist class, in actuality, the interests of a few finance capitalists...
...It is this smoke-screen of misled German loyalty, of abused Ger. man patriotism, which constitutes the danger of the German fifth column and signifies its perilous extent...
...A few weeks ago The New Leader published two pictures which the "Neue Volkszeitung" had • obtained, showing twelve thousand participants in a GermanAmerican sports festival on Randalls Island giving the Nazi salute...
...They have inspired all the fighters and thinkers, all the ss*ficial victims of labor in its battle for emancipation...
...Why, it may be asked, if Nazism is counterrevolutionary from the standpoint of the French Revolution is it therefore counter-revolutionary from the standpoint of the socialist movement...
...It can be resumed only with the destruction of III European Bastille...
...And what gave ¦the Germans victory, was superior military leadership, strategy, and equipment...
...and the Western hemisphere without counting on future dividends...
...Of the Americans of German birth or immediate German parentage, five per cent are ardent Nazis, members of Nazi organizations or" Nazi sympathizers...
...Most writers who use it intend to suggest by it vast social changes whose character is indicated, if at all, only In the vaguest way...
...fHESE ideas inspired the American struggle for indopeodeast * and guided Lincoln in his battle against slavery and for th*' preservation of the Union...
...Nazism as a profound social revolutionary movement...
...Ninety per cent of the German Americans are either indifferent politically, or they are afraid to take a stand because they fear repercussions against their innocent relatives in Germany...
...Many papers, besides the official Nazi sheet "Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter," are outright Nazi propaganda sheets...
...And, finally, we know that the "Uprising of the Nations," which found a culmination, in the struggle for the principle of nationality at the end of the last war, should not have been permitted to lead to the Balkanization of Europe but to consolidation of broad economic entities which obviously belonged together...
...It excludes all other groups of the population from participation in working out controlling basic policies...
...Rigid Democracy provides the soil for Fascism...
...The evidence for this conclusion does not depend upon the war but upon the way Nazism functions at home...
...but a fewNazi officers have successfully sold to them the idea that they are against Germany if they are against Hitler...
...In the large field of German-American organizations— gymnastic, singing, folklore and other numerous societies and leagues of all kind—Nazis succeeded in getting their men into key positions...
...A country where it is1 even difficult to enforce simple speed laws is not very likely to go totalitarian, let alone the strong tradition of states' rights oppbsed to the centralization of power which is the first requisite of totalitarianism...
...While I am perfectly aware of the unpleasant position of someone who goes about saying "I told you so," I can not help feeling that I find myself in the same situation here in the United States...
...At the same time, however, Nazism like every other variety of Fascism is culturally a counter-revolutionary movement...
...All one need do to verify this is to run over the specific rights of men enunciated in the basic declarations of the French (also American) Revolution which were partially fulfilled in practice, and to compare them with the current German practices...
...But the Third Republic could not survin(fc recent upheavals, the defeat...
...By SIEGFRIED MARCK §*"\N July 14, 1939, in cooperation with lovers of freedom thrtnsjs out the world, France celebrated the 150th anniversary of the fall of the Bastille and of the French Revolution of 1789, On July 14, 1940—last Sunday—the workers and common people of Paris did not march) to the spot where the Bastille rtoo47" One hundred and fifty years of human daring and aspiration an covered in darkness...
...But France will contjsss to exist as a European power...
...Hitler's remarkable military victories, together with .''the reports of the death defying enthusiasm ef his soldiers, have led many people to Tevalpate...
...Weighted index figures reveal that the strength of Britain, and the United, States, is 225 compared with a relative naval strength-of 208 for Italy, Germany arid Japan combined...
...1938, with the disintegration of the Popular Front, revealed tSSt inability of the French people to achieve national unity...
...the past twenty-two yeal"**2?l demonstrated that Liberty and Peace do not a!ways go ^'zStt and, that Democracy without advance toward Socialism °9t*^^1 more and more impossible...
...Exploiting the patriotic sentiment of old-time Germans, the Nazis are at work to sway the 90 per cent of the large number of Germans in the United States toward the- Nazi regime and its aims in America...
...first I spoke to the Labor members...
...For this reason Daladier MK forbidden the usual public demonstrations...
...Unfortunately not more than another five per cent are actively engaged in combatting Nazi propaganda in the United States or have otherwise taken a firm stand on the Nazi issue...
...The important point, however, is this: if the existence of a planned economy in Germany is evidence of a social revolution, then Germany accomplished its social revolution before the war, and it is hard to understand why the war should prove what everyone already knew...
...You will see, after Hitler has been weighed down by the responsibility of his Office, he will in due time become a reasonable statesman we shall be able to deal with...
...Pointing'to Hitler's ambitions and to the.Scandinavian countries' dangers, I was told to relax and not to be too pessimistic "After all, even a Hitler will not dare to defy the public opinion of the whole world by attacking disarmed, peaceful countries...
...The ideas of 1789 are as old si th» human spirit...
...A ND we have learned, also, that Socialism is a conception, that T*1 cannot be obtained from books, that history may well utilize the curious tangent of militarism in a perverse attempt to approach the Socialist ideal, that in a period when social ten- ¦ sions find expression in a world-wide civil war, there can be no uninterrupted road to a higher standard of living for the masses, but that under conditions of mass armaments the masses must be made to feel that the sacrifices entailed are being equally distributed...
...For Liberty must be defended,> the strictly juridical differentiation between attack and becomes useless when confronted by the complications ambiguities of world history...
...And here and -there, particularly among Stalinists and their sympathizers, there are soft insinuations that since Nazism is a social revolutionary movement, Hitler's victory would not be altogether calamitous...
...A Nazi planned economy for Europe, like Stalin's planned economy, woyld give Hitler power of life and death over whole peoples and serve as the most terrible instrument of cultural repression the world has ever witnessed...
Vol. 23 • July 1940 • No. 29
