Two Million Homeless Farm Workers Wander About the United States
Two Million Homeless Farm Workers Wander About the United States Gov't Report Also Reveals Suffering In Industrial Cities Overcrowded, Insanitary Conditions Found in 3,000,000 Urban Homes;...
...More than a months ago the Social Democratic Federation cf the United States...
...His partner spent twelve years in Japan and speaks Japanese perfectly...
...Once inside...
...The other soldiers are stationed in Manchu-kuo, Mongolia and Korea...
...Referring to political action by labor, Hillman spoke of Labor's Non-Partisan League as "a flexible political instrument," which will ""•eet the need of the future as it has those of the past...
...Five days later, on November 20, 1*87, his father-in-law, who, besides being .Nazi consul, owns, in partnership with Fritz Kohpcke...
...The cities were ranked hi four groups: 500.-000 or more inhabitants, 100,000 to 500,000, 25.000 to 100,000, and below 25,000...
...By SONIA TE17LEMAN Special to The New Leader...
...in their course in the peace negotiations with the A. F. of L., as peace is vital in the present critical political and industrial conditions...
...They were -laborers,'' Wakabayashi explained...
...vNow they have turned hungry eyes toward Central and j South America despite the Monroe Doctrine...
...He is expected baclc early in June...
...China Set to Fight Jap Invasion Until 1940 Special to The Neto Leader...
...The speaker attacked the A. F. of L. as being a hindrance to unity, and predicted that Thomas Kennedy...
...Special ta IJte New Leader WASHINGTON, D. C.*~Interest ia the struggle between the American Federation of Latmran* the Committee for Industrial Organization shifted to Atlantic . City, N. J.f this week, where the powerful Amalgamated Clothing Workers' Union, a C.I.O...
...Peace Hillman and Cahan Express Hope* for Peace — Murray, LaGuardia...
...China's casualties have been extremely heavy, especially in the beginning, before Chiang-Kai-Shek motorized^ equipped and trained his reserves...
...The others nodded...
...more than 800,000 families in 8S cities located in 19 states, east, south, central and west...
...The Japanese Consul knows and trusts both...
...It declared that formation of a permanent organization by the C.I.O...
...WaWman Among Speakers...
...On November 15, 1937, Heildelk returned from Japan by way of Germany...
...The twenty-one "laborers" who tad been brought from Chimbota, Peru, where there is a colongy of 30,000 Japanese, planted an acre with cotton seed and sat them down to rest...
...A third desk facing Kohpcke had a pile of printed materiel Stnd mail which had just come in from Germany...
...The needs of labor command and demand a unified labor 1 movement and will find form soon-|er or later...
...Josenh Schloss-bere:, secretary-treasurer of the Amalgamated who discussed the growth of the organization...
...He is generally* believed to be anti-Nazi...
...About 2,000,000 rural workers wander from one state to another, men, women and children facing the hazards of weather, rain, drought, insect pests and living from hand to mouth...
...Migrant Rural Laborer* Live in Filthy Shacks...
...A few days later Umimoto called upon Heildelk and was closeted with him for three hours, and shortly after that Sonada left for Japan...
...It is north of the Panama Canal arid within two' hours' flying time of it, as -COrrinto is south of the Canal , and jrfftifn two hours' flying time...
...Compared with this picture of economic power, the Japanese, despite their well trained fighting force, are in a tottering position...
...When work actually starts, China will be well on her way to supplying not only herself but the rest oi the world with most of the vital metals needed for modern warfare...
...League...
...At the present time it is not Wise to do much more than...
...Th* two studies of health and housing show the vast economic-possibilities for remunerative employment and stimulating industrial recovery that lie in the field of a comprehensive nation-wide housing program...
...LONDON*—Despite ten months' of intense, costly warfare in their own country, the Chinese are prepared to fight at least to the end of 1,939...
...Whether this action will involve the union as a ' whole is not known...
...They are still resting there, imperturable, bland, silent, waiting...
...Urban Housino C onditt on s The 3,000,000 urban families constitute a layer above the rural migrants in that their "homes" are more pr less permanent...
...The Chinese guerrilla operations have been more successful than the press has conceded...
...This rural sore is made vivid fa detail in a aeries of studies by Bfljth . E. Lowry titled, "They Starve That We May Eat," an) pushed by the Council of Women for Home Missions...
...It was primarily the first get-together for the Nazi-Japanese cooperation in the Canal Zone area...
...A few days later George J. Troy, president of Local 32-K of the Building Service Employees, resigned as vice-chairman of the ' Kings County A.L.P...
...The -manager, with whom each was closeted, is Sans Hermann HeildeHc of Ave-nida...
...SUPPORT OPPOSITION TO PEOPLE'S FRONT LONDON...
...and he regretted that the conference of the two organizations last December had failed to reach an agreement...
...During the past two months the Japanese have lost over 1,000 Square miles of territory which they had captured earlier in the war at frightful cost...
...S. Health i Service by house-to-house canvass of...
...CHARPP announced that the group had been very carefully chosen because of their known loyalty to Nazi Germany and their desire to promote friendship for Germany in Latin American countries and to cooperate with the Japanese, who had their own organization functioning efficiently in Central and South America...
...Out in California the Marin i County Central Labor Council voted ito sever its affiliation with the Non-Partisan League of the C.I.O...
...You don't mean the Austrian Consul...
...The vote was so evenly divided— 16 to 12—that the Council will also I remain independent of the A. F. of L Political League, organized several weeks ago- to combat the C.I.O...
...The migratory laborer Is an old figure in agriculture, hat most of the 2.000.000 members of this ragged army are uprooted cultivators of the soil who have 'keen deflated by the depression, dust storms, and the general decay of agriculture, and have became a homeless proletariat...
...The cost of maintaining the present garrisons and front line lighters has already smashed the Japanse financial structure...
...Moreover, of 703,000 households 14 per cent have no inside flush toilet or used one in common with other families...
...The two studies vindicate the foresight of the committee which has made some headway in getting the regional conferences under way and !' it is to be hoped that the two reports will give an impetus to mak-king this program a success...
...New Chinese troops now being trained and partly equipped number about 2,400,000, according to expert military observers...
...and presents new problems for the union, which had not always approved the tactics of the CJ.O., especially when it invaded fields already occupied by other unions...
...A split labor movement, he declared, leaves Roosevelt "deserted" irMhe face of growing Tory attacks...
...Out of the troops mobilized, 640,000 are now fighting in China...
...0DAY propaganda comes in a ** ceaseless stream from Nazi Germany...
...As the weeks go by, China brings her plans to exploit the billion tons of iron ore in the Cahar and Yangtze, the vast reservoirs of petroleum, the huge deposits in the Yunan area, and the 150,000 acres of known mines of high-grade ore...
...The Japanese are more important than the Italians," the sleepy-eyed Kohpcke pointed out...
...Fascist Spies Infest Panama Part V THE ink was scarcely dry on the agreement to permit the Japanese to experiment in cotton growing, When a Japanese steamer appeared in Puntarenas With twenty-one young and alert Japanese and a bag of cotton seed...
...The harbor at Puntarenas, where the Japanese fishermen are busy, would make a perfect base of operations for any enemy fleet...
...At the same time he urged that preSSBai< be brought to force passage of the wages and hours bill...
...These reports," an official party statement declared, "confirm the view then expressed that such participation must inevitably lead to serious disunity and cenfusion...
...Two Million Homeless Farm Workers Wander About the United States Gov't Report Also Reveals Suffering In Industrial Cities Overcrowded, Insanitary Conditions Found in 3,000,000 Urban Homes...
...Three million urban (town dwelling) families have fewer rooms than there are persons in the household and as many urban families have no inside flash toilets of their own...
...broadcast, but at a propitious time we shall be aWe to explain National Socialism to the Panamanians...
...Bad as conditions are in the cities and towns, forge sections of the farming population live tinder conditions that are almost incredible...
...Precisely...
...Exports of raw silk show a sharp decline, while Japan faces a rapid shrinkage in exports of cotton textiles...
...Amalgamated Strong Hillman pointed out that the Amalgamated was stronger than ever before and declared that wage rates were being maintained in most unionized industries largely because of their organization in either the A. F. of L. or the C.I.O...
...WtTH SOH-Ut-LAW OF «*Mj»N COHSVl 'J'HE Boyd Bros, stemshin agency, • to which Tahara and Wakabayashi went immediately upon arrival, is »n American concern...
...thus weakening the party's organization and electoral force...
...54, m the heart of the Panamanian commercial district, was left' open about three feet from the ground so that passersby couTd hot see Ifiside Unless th%y stooped deliberately...
...Your officers, when the . opportunity presents itself, will do everything in their power to bring about unity...
...But the Canal Zone—"" interrupted Heildelk...
...Scnarpp nodded slowly...
...What are they preparing for ? (The End...
...Hope of peace was enhanced by a statement in the carefully prepared report of the General Executive Board which declared that "the time will not be unduly long before a way may be found to restore the unity" of the rival federations...
...Special to Tht Sew Leader WASHINGTON...
...CIO Clothing Unions Take lead in Drive For Labor Peace Strife Affects American...
...Is North American territory, and you will have trouble from their officials, intelligence officers, and political pressure from the States...
...the international president, was the A.L.P...
...An editorial in "Justice," official paper of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, also discusses the prohlem of peace...
...Sales from the United States to Japan were 41 per cent greater than in 1988, while purchases of Japanese products m America went down heavily...
...j Spht central bodies and state federations are now numerous, but they occur because of the national j split, and until the powerful national and internationals come to-I gother in peace negotiations these local upheavals will spread to add I further confusion to this tragic j inter-union struggle...
...ClO-ondorsed candidate for gcvernor of Pennsylvania, would be elected...
...When all neighborhood stores 'were dark and the half-naked Panamanian and West Indien children and %heir parents sat outside for a -breath of air in the cool tropical evening, the two partners sat at their adjoining desks in the rear of the store...
...These three powers have demon-| strated their aggressive, war-like j pblicies...
...The land has been plowed...
...Observers have put the total wounded and killed on the Chinese side at some 700,000 Out of an operating army of 1 #00,000...
...C.— Shocking overcrowding and unsanitary housing conditions throughout the nation, hot only in urban communities but in villages and in rural regions where migrant groups wan-lit in search of temporary employment, were revealed in Decent weeks by studies released by the United States Health Service and a women's organisation here...
...la- I bor attorney, and Senator Robert j Wagner spoke on Wednesday...
...to withdraw from the latter, also ordered its local affiliates to leave the A.L.P...
...Studies were' made by the IT...
...Not fa*, from shore are the flat level acres of the "experimental station" and twenty-one Japanese who could turn .these smooth acres into am air base almost overnight...
...Neither could the union agiaje with the "dominant spirits" 'of the C.I.O...
...On the night of December 13, ©37, forty carefully selected Germans, who during the intervening month had become members of the Bund in Panama, arrived singly and in small groups to the new home, where August Jacobs-Kant-stein, Panamanian merchant and Austrian honorary consul, lived...
...The Japanese rear has been so weakened by these armed bands that a sustained front line drive has been impossible without large-scale reinforcements...
...Let Us Have Peace" Max Zaritsky, president of the Millinery Workers, also sounded a peace note in a recent issue of the "Hat Worker," in which he declared that "the hates and ill-will engendered by the division" can-only aid reaction, that "labor's disunity is doubly tragic and harmful," concluding with the plea: "Let Us Have Peace...
...James J. Bambrick...
...affiliate, is holding its national convention...
...Hillman declared that the needs of the working class "demanded and commanded" a reunited labor movtfient...
...WORK CARRIED ON FN COMPLETE SECRECY OCHARPP explained that secrecy was advisable to avoid antagonizing the Panamanian government, "which is friendly to Italy, and we can' cooperate with the Italian Legation here...
...In a few days I am going to Costa Rica to organize another and then leave for Valparaiso...
...Jacobs!'' exclaimed one of the unidentified men...
...Italian fascist arms are delivered to Nicaragua with no indication of payment...
...A car drew up at the corner of the darkened street in front of Neumann & Kokpcke, Ltd...
...With President Sidney Hill-man leading the way, speakers have expressed fervent hopes that the' breach in the union ranks would soon be healed, while delegates have continually cheered calls for unity...
...Japanese agents have a vast espionage ring and have already flanked America's life line both to the North and to the South with potential air bases...
...through its executive committee, formulated a program for regional conferences to press this burning issue upon the public authorities...
...You understand...
...Recovery Conference Philip Murray, chairman of the steel workers, addressing the gathering urged President Roosevelt to call a conference of representatives of business, labor and government to "lead this nation out of the wilderness...
...Peru, No...
...The aims and aspirations of labor," Hillman declared in the opening address, "will be achieved more quickly and effectively by a united [movement...
...New York City j Councilman...
...The list of members was to be controlled by Neumann...
...The only sanitary facilities available were two rough, pit-type -, . •' ~A Mnrdi "Sd^Na A hand pump served the community, rickety shacks housed the unfortunates, and all privacy had been abandoned...
...Desperate efforts are 1 made to learn Canal defense se...
...Max Zaritsky, president of the United Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers Union, added his voice to the overwhelmingly predominant sentiment for peace...
...I I -.Clothing Workers' Convention Urges A.F.L.-C.I.0...
...Louis Waldman...
...Tonight we want to organize a Bund in Panama...
...Financial Impediments Whether the Japanese can supply these, in view of the present mobilization of more than 1,250,000 troops for service on the mainland, is doubtful...
...ATLANTIC CITY...
...Two unidentified men, Heildelk and Walter Scharpp, former Nazi consul at I Colon who also had just returned from Germany, stepped out and entered the store...
...Migrant wages average $125 to $327 for a crop yeair which indicates the quantity and quality of food upon which the oahthsts^fre compelled to subsist...
...Others who addressed the gathering included Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins, who praised Uie Hillman leadership and commented on the decline in industry...
...Ore., to 30 per cent in Atlanta, Ga., the heaviest overcrowding being in the South...
...Jap casualties have been conservatively placed at 225,000 to date...
...Trade unions and local branches of the British Labor Party were auiek last week to express their approval of the stand taken by the national executive of the party against popular front activities...
...and j Louis Hollander...
...N. J.—Pleas for peace in the labor movement form the keynote of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers Convention which opened here last Monday...
...candidate for Councilman in Queens County last year, and his organization gave valuable aid in the campaign and its members contributed many I votes to the A.L.P...
...Panama is friendly to North America," said Xohpcke significantly...
...China has more than 2,000.000 fresh troops now in training, reports Edgar Snow, Shanghai correspondent of the London Daily Herald, while her resources and war supplies are abundant and so located that they can be easily moved to any front by motor convoys or by well guarded rail routes...
...HefldeSk is also the son-in-law of Ernest P. Neumann, the Nazi consul to Panama...
...This is exclusive of guerrilla bands and irregulars which cooperate with the regular army...
...He added that the Amalgamated would not neglect any opportunity to effect unity, although he coupled this with the statement—"in spite of what may be done by the A. F. of L. leadership...
...Lobor Party Affected Meantime, the split continues to affect the American Labor Party in New York City, where the Central Trades and Labor Council, following the letter issued by George Meany, president of the State Federation of Labor, instructing A. F. of L. affiliates of the A.L.P...
...Labor Party as /New York Central Trades Council I Votes to Withdraw...
...His proposal has the endorsement of John L. Lewis and, according to Murray, several prominent industrialists have promised their cooperation...
...The "laborers" Were put up in first-class hotels and took life easy while Wakabayashi and one of the "laborers" started hunting a suitable spot on which to plant then-bag of seed All sorts of land was offered to them, rich soil in protected valleys, but Wakabayashi •wanted no land anywhere near a hill or mountain, fie finally found what he wanted half-way between Puntarenas and San Jose, long, level, flat acres...
...crets, the waters and the harbors | are being charted...
...lowers the curtain on the old C.I.O...
...The studies revealed that the percentage of people living with more than one person in a room in 14 cities, for example, ranges from 5.9 per cent in Portland...
...No action affecting the dispute is expected this week, but the opening address erf President Sidney Hill-man sounded a peace note that is, very encouraging...
...Scharpp quietly assumed command...
...They had been informed that Scharpp was to have complete charge of Nazi activities from Valparaiso to Pa-: name...
...International boycott and the world depression have cut exports from Japan sharply...
...He wanted this land ' at any price and finals-rented it...
...It is as smooth and level as the acres at Corrinto in Colombia, south of the Csnal...
...Some of these countries are already friendly," said Scharpp, "and we can work undisturbed, provided we do not interfere in the Panama Canal Zone...
...Throughout the meeting, presided over by the elderly but tall, soldier...
...That night they established "Der deutsche auslandische Nazi-1 Genossenschafts-Bund," with the understanding that it function secretly...
...64, Panama Crty, and, though efforts have been made to keep it secret, part owner of the agency...
...one of the largest hardware stores in Panama-, told his clerks that he and his partner would work a little late that night...
...While China makes ready to throw one of the largest armies ever trained in the field, and faces no lack of raw materials, Japan's domestic condition grows worse...
...in Shansi Province which have an annual production of 30,000,000 tons nearer to completion...
...The Japanese will work with us," Heildelk assured him"But we can't be seen with than*—" -Fritz (Kohpcke) will call a meeting hi Jacobs' house near the Panama airport," said Scharpp...
...We cannot find a better place...
...For all practical purposes they were on German territory, for the Nazi consulate office was in the store...
...Neither partner went out to eat, and-the corrugated sliding door of the store at Norte No...
...Austrian consul, the Japanese said little...
...Five Japanese, headed by Tetsuo Umimoto, also came...
...One camp of these wanderers is described by a representative of the Resettlement Administration as "a small city, a city with—t order, a city of neglected souls...
...Abraham Cahan, editor of the Jewish Daily Forward, urged the Amalgamated to initiate a mgve for immediate peace with the A. F. of L. so that labor could present a united front to protect the New Deal from the opposition of" Big Business and other reactionary forces...
Vol. 21 • May 1938 • No. 20
