India Is Awaking, Caste Lines Wade
RUSSELL, CHARLES E.
India Is Awaking, Caste Lines Wade HINDU WRITER MARSHALS STARTLING FACTS HITHERTO KEPT FROM THE WORLD If IMPERIALIST CENSORSHIP. By CHARLES E. RUSSELL THE great practical disadvan*...
...These people, believed to be destined to go on forever with bowed backs and obsequious inclining* before their master*, have arisen to defy their masters and assert their own manhood and dignity...
...If so, no legislstion fat needed to accomplish that and...
...In backing rearmament for defense and for collective security, we do not, he argued, in ISe smallest degree commit ourselves to any policy of the present Government outside defense and collective security...
...It might be sufficient for their purposes if they could get a subservient public official to merely look into the internal affairs of the union on some legal pretext—and this could be found easily enough—and obtain information that would be invaluable to the employer in connection with any labor dispute that may exist between him and the union...
...Nor indeed could it have been without, by implication, condemning the heroic effort* of the Spanish sad the Chinese people in their struggle against the marauders...
...It hadmitted that he can tell a story, tot he either lacks "social mes*jge" or has the <prroag kind...
...ROUGH AMD TUMBLE STORY QF coarse, it is all an unpleas"a*i mess, and Morgan is far frost being a .gentleman and a scholar...
...Powers which openly declare the doctrine of their racial destiny to subjugate and dominate other people* by the brute force they can organize for that purpose...
...We are strong enough, and Clearsighted enough as to the purpose for which we consent to rearmament, to hold the pass securely against any possibilities of any government using the power for other purposes and policies...
...This is well known to the advocates of incorporation...
...War alone bring* a nation up to its highest tension of human energy, and puts the Stamp of nobility upon the peoples who have the courage to face it," . And this exaltation of brute force and willingness to use it ruthlessly into the symbol and hallmark of racial superiority—this negation of peace set-up aa a philosophy of national conduct—has not remained aHmere verbal expression...
...the definite and deliberate inclusion, in the publicly avowed policy of certain Powers, of plans for the subjugation of other nations by military conquest...
...By LOUIS WALDMAN A.LP...
...In this new book, published b; Macmillan ft Co., Dr...
...Millions of small ? business men are today under the 0 undemocratic and oligarchic conb trol of a handful of financiers and 1 industrialists...
...What ast* en be asked of a novel...
...What...
...Up till a year or so ago, we were staking our hopes for a real peace security throughout the world on the col. lective moral - force of civilization . operating through the League of , Nations and promoting a policy of ' mutual disarmament...
...while in Italy, China, Spain, Germany, mediaeval despotism has been winning victory after victory, behold, in another quarter of' the globe, in a region of which least was expected, democracy has been winning the most tremendous triumph it has known since *Ehe dose of the American Civil War...
...while the madmen of Europe, Mussolini and Hitler, have' been doing a sanddance of joy about democracy's supposed coffin...
...Horner...
...advance...
...Fascisnv^fieclsred Mussolini, "the more it considers and' observes the future of the development of humanity, believes neither in the possibility nor the utility of perpetual peace...
...Think of an India without caste...
...She moral of all this for peace advocates throughout the world ia clear...
...about whet might be , when a Labor Government ^gat into power.*' # e should be 'tonishing our enemies with power fg their policy...
...The Labor movement in Great Britain has a sufficient public opinion behind it to enable it to , face this problem of defense and collective security without the least j abandonment of its own policy...
...And at last, when these indubitable records are revealed to us in this wonderful hook, the compiler of it must publish it at his own expense and none of the kneecrooking reviewers will so much as mention it...
...1 J™* Flivver King" is a short story * *1* page* on the Henry Ford : •¦•oration...
...DEAD that in this misgoverned country of iHrfsitable possibilities the average income is about 4 cents a day for the masses, that nearly a third of the population never once knew what it is to have enough to eat, that visitors looking upon the unequalled poverty and suffering of these people have called them a nation of skeletons, and then read how from this nation of skeletons has come the greatest demonstration for the human cause that we have known...
...Homer jr****11' international president of ! rjWhm, telegraphed The New 1 ***•» this week as follows: « have uken an edition of i Sj00 copies of Upton Sinclair'* c ^**>^ ^ FUvver Eng.'We e * *7« Rive and Have Not...
...Let us look at the record...
...On that there was no dispute si the British Trade* Union Congress...
...Think of that old chill, hateful, poisonous, findish system that divided hopelessly each man from his fellow—think of that system melting away before our eyes...
...some misinterpreted provocation for whose rectification a procedure of dilatory discussion, delaying the outbreak of actual fighting over the critical hour, would be effective...
...JNIONS themselves are anxious ^ to keep the principle of democracy strong in their ranks...
...THE best tribute to the sanity and courage of the decision of j Congress is the extreme annoyance with which capitalist critics have ; received it...
...Considered 1 without relation to the actual situ1 ation in world affairs, a decision ' by a peace pasty to support rearmament naturally gives its ene' mies an opening for criticism...
...Recall what the President said about the detestable massacre of innocent women and children and then read the testimony concerning what happened at Amritaar...
...Leave aside lis...
...and any government policy clashing with it would be an invitation ' to civil war in Great Britain...
...at the mercy of the aggresm...
...It-is either going on relief or doubiecrossing the doublecrosaers...
...If a union were to need a charter or license from the State in order to exist, what would prevent a hostile, employer-dominated political regime from denying a union a charter altogether, and' thus making it impossible for the anion to come into existence ? Or couW not- the State, government purposely delay the granting of such charter through rod tape at a crucial time and strike a fatal blow to the labor organization ? And even if this first hurdle were passed, incorporated labor unions would still be the constant prey of the employer through politicians and political office-holders in their control...
...His heroes are boxers, bullfight- I *—---¦ * an, gangsters sad their ladies...
...Calvin B. Hoover ii Dictators and Democracies...
...Sueh dependence for the prevention of war is- utter blindness...
...He, at least, tslsi-his .chance...
...instrument sufficiently powerful t enable the attainment of the goa of totality...
...DOU8LECROSSING THE DOUBLECROSSERS" 1JEMINGWAY'S latest novel "To n Have and Have Not'" has already com* in for some critical ¦niia«iTv*Tsions It all seems so strange...
...LABOR HAD TO FACE FACTS DEAR in mind that Congress was not meeting to discuss abstract ethics in a vacuum...
...War, he argued, I* an instrument of the ^policy of the government which make the war...
...Can American business end industry—that small percentage of economic royalists—show as much democracy in the conduct and management of their affairs ? As a lawyer, let me also add that in those rare instances when members of a labor union are denied any righto to which they are entitled, they are not without remedy in the courts...
...He is the owner of a fishing speedboat in Florida...
...in accord' «*a the declared Fascist intention W smash democratic movements afjrsver they developed into pongs...
...The minority speakers were just as emphatic about that as were the majority speakers...
...While sorrowing pessimisits have decried the imminent downfall of democracy in the world...
...One cannot imagine a Harry Morgan becoming a. Salvation Army preacher, unless it is in his mellow at* age, something which Morgans seldom achieve...
...that the concern of all of them in piling up armaments was their own defensive Security...
...Think of an India with less caste than England, misnamed the democratic...
...The answer must be—th Terror...
...be immediately and ruthipdf turned against it...
...Terror is the onl...
...Nothing would have delighted the Government forces more than the creation by Congress of an impression that the Labor movement is not ready to defend our home security and sees nothing to be done about the war aggressions now convulsing the world except to lie down to them...
...It is sheer blindness in Great Britain to imagine that consent to rearmament involves an acceptance of any government policy outside the policy of defense and security which the present madness of the world makes imperative for us...
...Horner and Mr...
...A union is just as liable in damages for injuries inflicted by wrongful acts on its part or on the part of its agents as is any organization, corporation or individual...
...and that when occasions of threatened wsr did arise, it was only because of some accident of circumstance or misunderstanding...
...MEANING TO SAFEGUARD DESPOTISM IN THE SHOP...
...t Morgan's trials and depredations are told with a cold ferocity, directness and punch which have become the earmarks of Hemingway's strange, bst unquestionable art...
...The corpse that for so many centuries was the world's symbol of everlasting inertia has come to life...
...The second answer to it was put with convincing emphasis by Walter Citrine...
...but its overwhelming strength has confounded the i critics...
...Note this statement of their philosophy...
...T*HE advocates of legislation t * make labor unions "responsibl under the law" want to put union into a legal straitjacket...
...Is not the whole battle against ¦ labor union* one constant effort to I defeat industrial democracy...
...PW» SerHntr't Son...
...Coming down to the direct rela- tionship between these business and - industrial magnes and labor, how r much industrial democracy do the employers allow in the factory or mill...
...COULD NOT WLAMO* a SD strength for resistance could O sot be improvised- A Labor gtiernment, in such circumstances, •aid be in a position similar to St of the Spanish People's GovSnneat at the outset of the attack S it...
...A bill like the Wadsworth bill in our State Legislature, or proposals such as are being made bySenator Vandenberg, are measures clearly designed to cripple our trade union movement...
...But at all time bear in mind' the censorship that has deprived us of news of these manifestations day by day and then propound the question: If news can be suppressed, can it not also be doctored...
...Is the existing British Government * government to whom the control of great armaments can be safely entrusted witn any assurance that they will be used only for the purposes of the collective security for which we all agree that a Labor Government mast be equipped, and not for imperialist purpose* and the encouragement rather than the restraint of, the ^ ? e a k e n &now 'ravsgn^Teha Clfgress...
...Is not that a startling disclosure of the actualities of this veneered and lacquered civilization in which we live...
...But going to war is ansaematter...
...This region where change could never come is utterly changing...
...He is charged with *| aorta of reprehensible things, ?*** all—with having talent...
...gasping, and, if he has in his heart any love of liberty or any appreciation of heroism, it leaves him unspeakably exultant...
...If a union or some one acting on its behalf physically injures the person or property of an employer or breaches a contract, it must reto the "good will of an employer" or to his business "as a growing concern" by reason of a union's activities baa bean bald to make the anion liable for triple the amount of the damages, vague and intangible though such may be...
...It i* as brutal aa a certain corner of American life, but who els* fat Aiueoiisn literature can rival the fishing, boosing and fighting scenes of "To Have and Have Not...
...Dictatorship And Terror "1937 marks just twenty year since the first of the modern totali tarian states was established b; the October Revolution in Russia What has been the most distinctiv institution developed by the totali tarian state during these two dec ades...
...GUARDING AGAINST FASCIST BELLIGERENCY BUT that is not at all the situation in the world today...
...fke answer to tan was twoajj, and completely convincing to | p overwhelming majority of [sni11in In the first place, if and a Labor Government came go power, the designs of the Sjftejat Powers would, to a cerainty...
...It is a compilation of testimonies from witness** not open to question, sworn statements,: extracts from court records, reluctant admission from hostile observers, a cloud of witnesses summoned to attest to every phase of the story...
...262 pages...
...and if we did so fcjiiitl them with anas, we should jjrtnaily be acquiescing in their Ejy and outlook and surrenderSt ear own...
...The twenty years of reeor of the Soviet state, supplements by the record of fifteen years o Fascism and four years of Na tional Socialism afford the strong est evidence that terror is the nor mal concomitant of the to tali ta rial state system...
...S> • S) RESTRAINING INTERNATIONAL GUNMEN IF we ere realstic enough to look at the facts without evasion...
...They could not exist without it...
...How much of a I- voice does the stockholder have in 1- determining the policies of a big >, corporation...
...And he does •shbg to the American landscape •Si fauna—submachine-gun and aft...
...Years ago...
...The law books are replete with cases eloquently testifying to the unsoundness of the claim that legislation is needed to maHe unions responsible under the law...
...It assumed that no Power really wanted aggression...
...While, therefore, I am in full agreement with the decision we reached at the Congress meeting, my purpose in this article is not to argue either for or against it, but to give my American friends a full statement of what the issue before us actually was and what were the vital points on which the discussion and the decision turned...
...These conspiracy statutes are so general in ie language that they constitute a dragnet to catch and convict union officials and members when a Dis¦° trict Attorney has no real crime le with which to charge them...
...A SIDE from the fact that new legislation is not necessary to make labor unions responsible under the law, there are, positive reasons why the labor movement is opposed to the compulsory incorporation of labor unions...
...Put quite briefly, the practical issue before the Congress was whether the British Labor movement should or should not oppose the rearmament program of the present Government...
...Read the essence and epitome of capitalistic imperialism in its perfection...
...IS it responsibility to the State ¦ and to the public that is desired ? Such responsibility is determined by the criminal law...
...The acre the pity (critics aver), since lis gangsters and toughs ore very such alive, in their own erode sad truculent manner...
...50...
...And it is not a story of complicated and comfortable love-making of genteel and safe ssshleeroasdng of the intelligentzia, rhkh ha* of late become the patters of a good deal of American fiteratwe...
...And if it is doctored, what may not be the results of the doctoring upon public opinion, public feeling and national action ? Are not these grave- questions in days of conflicting trade interests and conflicting imperialism...
...f are sending a review copy and taki the liberty of asking your attentioi to an exact and careful picture o an industrial career and social en vironment about which the Amer lean people lack truthful informs turn...
...18 Do these advocates of new legislation desire responsibility of union -o members...
...Political Servants of Big Business Would Put Unions in Straitjacket DEMAND FOR HEW LAWS TO REGULATE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS IS BACKED AMD DIRECTED BY FINANCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OLIGARCHS—THEY TALK FOR "DEMOCRACY IN THE UNIONS...
...I the next General Election with a | picture of Labor as being hopelessly divided and unwilling to face ; the problem of defense...
...The author's latest hero ia a typical Hemingway character, caught in a situation which face* thousands of such men—day-in- and day-out...
...And the "message'' will » snppued by she reader who will M*e been shocked into it by the ••M despair of the Story...
...Would the twelve million British people who voted in the peace ballot consent to war beyond the purposes of defense and collective security...
...I know ^* of nothing more profitable, nothing more vivifying...
...What would prevent a political official, on orders from the employers, from bringing an action in the midst of a strike or labor dispute to annul the union's charter on one fancied ground or another...
...Read how education was strangled, ignorance fostered, religious antagonisms created and nourished, native industries suppressed, famines and pestilence allowed to sweep away millions, and at all times the native population impoverished by the huge toll extorted to make England rich and making it rich so making it powerful...
...These are more powerful factors in maintaining democracy in union* than any laws could possibly be...
...It is not any one man's account of what ha* happened...
...ss another minority (•aatKr put it, "ought not to take , (Jstisior...
...and Writers THE LOW-BROW ERNEST HEMINGWAY ^ ty EUAS L. TARTAR tT requires no particularly keen eyesight to observe that, as a ¦ writer, Ernest Hemingway is a man of blood...
...That is the place where these stupendous events have been occurring...
...It is no cumulus of assertions, no smoothly molded narrative...
...Do those who advocate making union* responsible mean responsibility to employers...
...He has, been doublecrossed more than once...
...without trials, brutalities such as carry one back to the day* of the terrible Ivan, slaughters of men, women and children as hideous aa those that lately aroused President Roosevelt's indignation—all this going on day after day, month after month, and not a.word.of it allowed to reach us through oar regular news channels...
...Business man and their spokesmen know this well enough...
...A gigantic struggle for human liberty, marvelous deeds of heroic sacrifice, a state of civil war extending over a continent, horrible cruelties, murders, assassinations, street fighting, tortures, exiles, three hundred thousand persons sent to prison, condemnations without evidence and...
...No British Govemamt can throw the nation into war without a general backing from national opinion...
...The whole procedure drawn up [ for the intervention of the League , in cases of threatened war was , based on certain assumptions, , which experience has now shown to ' be false...
...Labor unions ire just ss amenable to the criminal law for their acts sa anyone slsev In fact, their very nature ss :ombinations of working men and women makes them peculiarly subvet . to prosecution under conspiracy statutes for entirely lawul and innocent sets...
...Ton can get the whole unforgettable story in "The Vanishing Empire,'' by Chaman Lai, obtainable from Brentano and at the Common Sense Book Service, 311 Fourth Avenue, for $3...
...What is this talk of making unions responsible ? Responsible tc whom and for what...
...For if democracy is' dead in Europe, it is triumphantly alive in India...
...What the world is faced with is the emergence, and the sudden strenuous development to power, of a specific war intention in certain governments...
...To the unior membership ? to the employers ? Unions are now amply respon sible to all of these...
...What they had hoped for was a i sufficiently narrow majority to enable them to go to the electors at...
...and it has industrial command over all the activities in which a government contemplating war would have to engage...
...The very threat of such dissolution would tend to demoralise labor's ranks...
...And the employers and their spokesmen know it...
...In the World War and immediately after, when on the basis of that pledged faith India sent half a million men to fight for England and left 62,000 of them dead on Flanders battle fields...
...It is that the force* for peace must be material fores* strong enough in their collective aa* by the peace-seeking nations, to restrain these gunmen and gangsters of the world...
...It is the very reason why this demand has the wholehearted backing of Big Business...
...By CHARLES E. RUSSELL THE great practical disadvan* tages of the existing system of new* distribution by which virtnally all the foreign news coming to the American press is, in effect, censored by Great Britain, have now a particularly poignant illustration...
...He is no "safety feat* doablecresaer...
...PREPARING FOR POLITICAL SUCCESS AGREEING that every peace*¦ seeking people, in such * world situation, must equip itself with sufficient power to provide a collective security against this devilishment, ought the British Labor movement to support the provision of such armaments sasSST the existing British Government...
...In face of the Fascist record of aggression and massacre during the post two years, the complete unanimity of Congress in that agreement' Was never for a moment in doubt...
...The repren sentatives of Big Business are the * last persons on earth that have the right to speak of democracy, f Where is there democracy in business itself...
...They are a tough, violent tot...
...It is merely a bald summary of historic events, but it leaves the reader...
...Message or no ma—age, one* you start on the story it is difficult to leave it...
...In India...
...It has the same vigor and *SSrity...
...The agreement of the minority on this point was put well and forcibly by Mr...
...Distressed at recent attempts t give labor some measure of equal ity ctf bargaining power, Big Busi ness has raised the hue and cry q labor's "responsibility" as a re herring to divert public attentioi and, by legislation, to halt labor...
...Is it any wonder, therefore, that labor unions fear compulsory incorporation...
...IS it not strange, is it not ominous and alarming, that for news of the most significant development of oar time* and the most notable advance, we most go to a book...
...power, as in Spain...
...As you know, Congress by one of the most decisive votes it has ever given on any disputed matter—a majority of about 16 to 1—decided for support of the rearmament program...
...But labor will not permit itsel: to be thus "strait-jacketed.'' It will resist with all the legiti mate power at its command, indud ing its organised political strength this' vicious attempt to frustrate its efforts to organise America: workers...
...Books...
...Why the British Labor Party Has Declared for Rearmament By FRED HENDERSON T9E declaration of policy made by the British Trades Union Congress on the question of British Armaments has around world-wide interest...
...tive functioning of unions, if not to their very existence...
...1 pTfc* United Automobile Workers' 1 is so enthused over the story *** H has ordered an edition of 22...
...A FareweH to Arms," a war novel, there is more assault and battery ia his books and stories than in the writings of lay contemporary author of the same stature...
...This sudden concern of Big Busii- ness for the democratic right* of 'f their employees in the unions is d obviously hypocritical...
...One of the quite false interpretations of its decision is that it was a decision between the policies of armament and disarmament...
...Jam is more material for a 2*****fe* in aha book than in a **sn of books by some profesnenal "measagists," Henry Ford— The Fiiwer King HWON SINCLAIR has again turned to fiction to flay an eco- ' JJWic sore in American society...
...Unions also recognize the great need for public support, sympathy and respect...
...You are," he told his critics, "underrating the importance and strength of your g n movement," The idea that the present Government could use this a r m ed jtrength on the wrong side, by going into any war on the side of the Fascist Powers, is sheer illusion...
...And in any case, the home searity of the British Isles, whether act- a Labor Government or its assent rulers, is no more safe, without a sufficient defensive a)wer in ssofa a world of rapine njainst the weak, as Fascism has ww created, than the home senility of China or of Spain has Jeer, shown to be...
...He takes his chance , and loses—first, an arm in escapsg.from Cuban eo*St guards, and -hi the end—his life...
...far Ha members...
...A handful of men e are today the virtual dictators of a business, industry and finance in the United States...
...11 i a $ f o V * v 1 MUST HAVE LABOR'S CONSENT •'WOULD you," Citrine appealed ' to the general Labor move- fj ment behind Congress, "would you support s British Government in going to war in support of the Fascist Powers ?" The Labor move- • ment in Great Britain is practically half the nation...
...The actual decision . was expected...
...IT is a book without a fellow, so * far as I know...
...Zak, the two leading spokesmen for the minority, both prefaced their main argument-by declaring that armaments we*e necessary...
...In rapid succession it ha* translated itself into action in Manchuria, in Ethiopia, in Spain, and now over all China...
...candidate for the Suprem Court in the 2nd Judicial Dept...
...Recall what has always been believed about the subjugation end debasement of women in India and then read the magnificent record the Indian women of today have made in their fight for the freedom of their country and the downfall of absolutism...
...The good will and the loyalty of their members is their greatest asset...
...Harry Morgan is hot-blooded, plenty tough, not afraid to take chances, willing enough to go straight, but very unwilling to go on relief, at the rate of $6.50 per «*ek: he has a wife and two children...
...To the Stat* or to the public...
...Nor would the employers have to go so far as to have a anion dissolved...
...How strange that sounds to one that like myself made years ago a close-up study of what seemed then the most hopeless country in the world...
...But, by^eomparison with some »»*ting and lecturing tourists, male sad female, fleeting through the SHS i some of them quite highfcew and fully qualifying as intelligentsia) Harry Morgan becomes assast a gentleman...
...Recall the President's indictment of nations that do not keep their covenants and then read how Engtend broke to the Indian people/the promises that had been solemnly pledged not only by the/Prime Minister but by the sacred King himself...
...And, whether Cuban or American, dead or alive, Hemingway's characters live, net and talk with a genuineness all their own...
...In view of certain facile misinterpretations of it to which the enemies of the Labor movement are seeking to give currency, it ia important that the American Labor and Socialist movement should have the fullest facts about it...
...To Have and Have Not" may ** have the unity, and vasta'ess of yaspsetiva of "A Farewell to Aratt...
...This country, fast bound forever in the misery and iron of an immitigable caste system, has begun to break its chains and to stand erect and unfettered...
...By *?**« Hemingway...
...It was meeting to discuss an actual situation in world affairs, and to consider what line of action those facts indicated as the fitting action for a party dedicated, as the British Labor Party is, to the task of establishing peace in the 'world...
...And thanks to the censorship, we have known nothing about it...
...Bst the strange thing is that iemingway also provoke* violence, this reviewer has aeea perfectly pscmstic *nd vegetarian critics and Bjsders become purple in their faces, as a result of their reactions » Hemingway...
...It is the most, wonderful thing that has happened in our times...
...holding any expression of the moral conscience of the world against Ha proceedings in utter derision...
...ET this book and read it...
...Compulsory incorporation would be a constant threat to the effec...
...Read the historic testimony of England's two hundred year* of cold-blooded exploitation and misrule and ruthless plundering...
...Is not the refusal to recognise . unions and to bargain collectively , an effort by industrial despot* to i deny to worker* a voice in determining the conditions under which they labor...
...There .is no attempt at Style and no eloquence of appeal...
...Bewildering and overwhelming fact...
...What, then, are the actual "facts of the situation we had to face in considering this matter...
...Hoover dis cusses briefly and forcefully vari ous aspects of today's dictatorship and democracies, including thei: probable future as regards poverty or plenty, peace or war...
...Bat no American publisher would brave the censorship and bring it out...
...A British Government can pas all sorts of legislation by nrroe of a bare parliamentary Mjority...
Vol. 20 • October 1937 • No. 44
