Terrorism Under Cuban Dictatorship

...Tammany Standards Board Found Peddling Permits In Violation Of The Law By HENRY BOSNER TI E Board of Standards and Appeals of the C i t y of N ew Y o r k is at present under investigation b y United States Attorney Tuttle and D i s t r i c t A t t o r n e y Crain...

...The reduction in dues from $6 to $1 a year will enable many members to join this pledge fund without increasing the amount rhich they actually pay f o r the maintenance of the city organisation...

...A m o n g t h e s e papers were " E l N a c i o n a l , " "Urhon N a - cionai...

...into the yoke o f t h e dictator oi t o g i v e h i m t h e i r c o r d i a l endorsem e n t s . That aaasaginations cann o t do it is proven b y t h e fact t h a t these unions b e l i e v e , r i g h t lj o r w r o n g l y , t h a t one o f t h e i r leade r a w a a r e c e n t l y p u b l i c l y a s s a s s i n a t e d b y a p o l i c e official f o r refusi n g t o s i g n one o f t h e M a c h a dc t e l e g r a m s t o P r e s i d e n t G r e e n prot e s t i n g a g a i n s t t h e A . F . o f LVl action in e n d o r s i n g a S e n a t e inq u i r y i n t o Cuba...

...The -only violence has been b y the dictatorship w i t h the freqeunt and unpunished assassinations of its critics...

...The police use the courts "to suit t he dictator's purposes, always finding s o m e " l e g a l " p r e t e x t w h e n they f e e l o n e i s necessary...

...Ten times the number n ow contributing m a y he hoped for if a special drive is made...

...that the v e r y first condition needed f o r a real labor movement ii Cuba is the enforcement o f th« constitutional guarantees of Individual liberty...

...Hence the importance of the proposed Senate investigation to be carried on in Washington...

...C o n s e q u e n t l y , b o t h i n v e s t i g a t i o n s m a y r e s u l t i n a w h i t e w a s h ing of t h e B o a r d because it w a s i m p o s s i b l e t o p r o v e criminality...

...Secretary Iglesias of the PanAmerican Federation o f Labor refers to t w o assassins tions in ah report, that of auhriane Varans president of the Railroad Unior of Northern Cubs, aad Alfrede T o pM who had committed tbt arch-crime of trying to organiz* has all-important sugar workers...

...This instance is typical and could be multiplied many times...

...Mark Lewis, executive secretary of the Socialist Party, wfil be in active charge of the drive...

...In t h i s fashion a r e t he duties of the Board of Standards and Appeals defined fas t h e City Charter...

...Among those who have spoken out openly aret The President of Cuba's First Constitutional A s sembly (Capote...

...The time has come •hen this Board should be kept sithin the t w o covers of the City Charter...

...Howsver, the case was reopened after s letter was written by Doyle to the Board...

...A t a meeting of the Budget Committee last Saturday afternoon, Gerber, Joseph Stein and Dr...

...It has been practically aholiwhed...

...These were Major Armando Andre, director of "El Dia:" Bartholome Sagam, director of "El V o s del Maestro...

...Here is the present situation as accurately stated in the last manif e s t o of the opposition (all their papers having been suppressed, they are compelled to have recourse to m a n i f e s t o e s ) . This manifesto is signed by Carlos Mendiets, the best-known opponent of the dictatorship and b y Torriente, Hevia, Penate, A l v a r e z , Gocnes aad others, moderates all, representatives of all three political partial aad among Cuba's most distinguished citizens...

...Questions of financing the part y activities during the summer occupied the attention of the city executive committee at its last meeting...

...The Superintendent promptly denied this application, pointing out that i t w a s contrary t o the zoning law...

...Most of t h em are conservative and they represent all parties...

...A t the time the purchase was made, it knew that a zoning ordinance restricted its use t o some sort of residential dwelling...

...Supposing that the Board of Estimate, which has sole jurisdiction over zoning the city, had specified that a particular area hereafter was to be -restricted to residences...

...E d w a r d Basset, % national authority on zoning, vfao i s on friendly terms w i t h the iValker administration, as is evilenced by the frequency with vhich he is consulted on matters •elating to his special field, has jublicly stated: "Of t h e 5 0 0 boards a* Its kind in the country, there s none that has so persistently a k e n the l a w into itself ss the Valsh Board...

...I t was pointed out by Lewis that the present pledge fund of the party is inadequate, and does not reflect the extent to which party members m a y be expected to contribute to the sustaining fund once they become acquainted with what is needed...

...He apparently specializes in :ases before the board which had previously been lost by lawyers even though he hlinself is not an attorney...

...T h a t t h e m a n , S a n t i a g o B r o o ks o f G u a n t a n a m o , w a s assassinator] t h e r e is n o q u e s t i o n — a n d t h i s fact i o n o f C u b a n l a b o r h a s p r e s e n t ed d o c u m e n t s t o p r o v e that he was s h o t b y a c e r t a i n p o l i c e official in t h e p r e s e n c e o f o t h e r m e m b e r s ol t h e u n i o n e x e c u t i v e c o m m i t t e e f o i r e f u s i n g t o s i g n a t e l e g r a m o f p r o t e s t to t h e A m e r i c a n F e d e r a t i on o f L a b o r . All t h e w i t n e s s e s , i t is a l l e g e d , w e r e a r r e s t e d a n d p u t u n d e r duress b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t, w h e r e u p o n M a c h a d o i s s u e d ano t h e r s t o r y o f t h e k i l l i n g. I n w h a t e v e r m a n n e r B r o o k s w a s k i l l e d , a l a r g e p a r t of o r g a n i z ed l a b o r in C u b a , i n s p i t e o f t h e f a ct t h a t t h e y b e l i e v e h e w a s k i l l e d b y t h e p o l i c e , r e f u s e d a n d s t i l l refuse t o sign any p r o - M a c h a d o teleg r a m s . In o t h e r w o r d s t h e y a re n o t and c a n n o t b e i n t i m i d a t e d b y t h e d i c t a t o r. S o m e o f t h e s e o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a ve b r a v e l y r e f u s e d t o e l e c t the offic e r s s e l e c t e d f o r t h e m b y t h e p o l i c e w h o have c h a r g e o f their m e e t i n g s . A n e x a m p l e o c c u r r ed a t tha time of both m y v i s i t s to Cuba this y e a r a n d t w o y e a r s a g o . • • • Four editors opposed t o t h e government have been among those mysteriously assassinated...

...In public manifestos and signed statements Cuba's leading citizens—at the risk of their lives—have described the situation...

...Iglesias also mentions tha report...

...For example, that of Robert Grant, a railroad man and an AmericanAmbassador Ferrara coolly defended this assassination in a letter to President Green on the ground that Grant w a s a bad man and would have killed somebody if he had not been killed...

...A n other m o s t e f f e c t i v e method h as b e e n to s t o p t h e m i n the m a i l s. A n o t h e r m e t h o d has been for o f ficials to a d v i s e t h e e d i t o r s t o take a trip t o E u r o p e — a m o s t e f f e c t i ve means since the a s s a s s i n a t i o n s, fines, seizures, e t c . B e s i d e s , r e p o r t e r s a r e f r e q u e n t ly i m p r i s o n e d o r d e p o r t e d . This h as h a p p e n e d h a l f a d o z e n t i m e s l a t e l y . S e r g i o C a r b o , e d i t o r o f t he l e a d i n g w e e k l y , " L a S e m e n s , " w a s r e c e n t l y f o r c e d t o flee t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s. T h e l a t e s t o u t r a g e ( i n M a r c h) w a s the d e s t r u c t i o n o f a n o p p o s i t i o n p a p e r b e i n g p r i n t e d in t he office o f a n A m - r i c a n daily, " T h e H a v a n a A m e r i c a n , " a n d t h e s e i z u r e o f the w h o l e e d i t i o n o f t he l a s t - n a m e d p a p e r o n t h e d a y f o l l o w i n g f o r p r o t e s t i n g a g a i n s t the d a m a g e it h a d s u f f e r e d d u r i n g t he o r i g i n a l o u t r a g e. L a b o r l e a d e r s and e d i t o r s are n o t t h e o n l y o p p o n e n t s o f t h e g o v e r n m e n t t o be a s s a s s i n a t e d w i th i m p u n i t y . On M a y 2 8 . 1 9 2 8 . C o l onel B i a s M a s o , a w e l l - k n o w n v e t e r a n o f t h e C u b a n w a r o f l i b e r a t i o n w a s s h o t w h i l e s i t t i n g o n t he p o r c h o f h i s h o m e in a p o p u l o us s u b u r b o f H a v a n a . He h a d been w o r k i n g f o r D r . R a f a e l I t u r r a l d e, P r e s i d e n t M a c h a d o ' s M i n i s t e r of W a r , t o s u c c e e d M a c h a d o a s P r e s i d e n t The C u b a n p o l i c e d e c l a r ed t h e y w e r e " n o t a b l e t o c l e a r up t h e m y s t e r y " o f M a s o ' a death, s e e T h e right o f a s s e m b l a g e has b e e n denied to all p o l i t i c a l o p p o n e n t s o f M a c h a d o . When I was in H a v a n a t w o y e a r s a g o t h e a b surd p r e t e x t w a s t h a t t h e y w e re c o t o r g a n i z e d as a r e g u l a r p o l i t i - :al p a r t y ( M a c h a d o h a v i n g illega l ly t a k e n a w a y f r o m t h e m that r i g h t ) . T h i s y e a r only wha regular ( M a chado I political parties ware perm i t t e d to hold political W i r t U i gi during tha t h r e e o r f o u r m o n t h s at the sugar harvest: Such meet-, ings held in H a v a n a could scarce]) affect that harvest, for the most part many mites away...

...The} do not hesitate to intervene I n union elections...

...C o u n s e l l o r s i n c h a r g e o f c h i l d r e n 's a c t i v i t i e s a f f o r d m o t h e r s o p p o r t u n i t y t o e n j o y t h e i r s t a y a t Camp...

...Approximately 6 0 members contribute to the sustaining fund a total of less than $150 a month...

...And since he would undoubtedly be reelected...

...Case after case reported b y reliable observers reveals that t ha present Chairman of the Board, William E . Walsh, acts in very dictatorial fashion towards the average applicant who appears before h i m There is one individual, however, who invariably receives the greatest courtesy whenever he represents a client...

...It m a y b e seen that there is neither freedom of speech assemblage or organization undo such conditions as these and thai Iglesias is right when he insist...

...The raising of the budget would not only enable the committee to continue operating under the present plan, but would enable an expansion during the summer, when, in other years, a falling off in income compelled retrenchment...

...The American people have a right t o the f a c t s . Possessed of t h e f a c t s they would certainly cease lending either financial or moral support to the dictator...

...U n i o n N a c i o n a l i s t a , " " E l Libre and "Hatuey...

...3. There is no freedom of press, speech, assemblage or organization for a n y opposition, no matter h ow legal and moderate it m ay be...

...F o r example, newspapers are ruined b y the confiscatory decis i o n s of the lower correctional c o u r t s—which m a y later b e declared invalid b y t h e higher courts after t h e damage is done—an evil s o g l a r i n g that e v e n Machado's o w n paper...

...Both are endeavoring to discover whether part of the fees r e c e t v e d b y D r . D o y l e f o r h i s serv i c e s w a s n o t u s e d t o b r i b e m e m b e r s o f t h e B o a r d . There a r e c e r t a i n d i s a d v a n t a g e s i n c r i m i n a l p r o c e e d i n g s o f t h i s t y p e . It i s e x t r a o r d i n a r i l y difficult t o g e t e v i d e n ce of s u c h m a l f e a s a n c e in public o f fice...

...N.Y.Socialists Seek $1,000 Monthly Fund Committee Opposes Curtailment of Activities During Coming Summer Months | R E P A RJN G for what local JiT Socialists believe will be the most intensive summer period of political activity the organization has engaged in for many years past, the executive committee of the city organization is issuing an appeal for a special sustaining fund of 11, 0 0 0 a month t o tide t he organization over the summer p e riod and into the State elections without curtailing any of the party's activities...

...The records reveal that he represented 92 clients in 1929...

...The Chairman of the Board and three Commissioners are appointed by the M a y o r for a period of six years...

...T r a i n s run at f r e q u e n t i n t e r v a le f r o m G r a n d C e n t r a l a n d 1 2 5 t h St...

...leading and distinguished Senators, professors, editors, etc- such as Doiz, Beauvilie and others too numerous t o mention...

...At the close of sn)ther hearing permission was granted to construct a garage...

...Mar hade has had self-government abolished for Havana, which «-«w»»»»r<« twothirds of the industrial population and the larger part of the educated classes of the island...

...Hence leading Cubans tomfffM as to say that "no poetical a 3 | oners exist...

...c and Budget Committee, reported that the enlarged program of activities, begun after the last municipal election and continued without let-up even when finances ran low, will strike a snag, and require a reduction along certain lines unless the budg e t was raised...

...Julius Gerber, chairman of the Oi...

...M a n y a r e s h o t " w h i l e t r y i n g to e s c a p e " — t h e w e l l - k n o w n " l e y de f u g a . " Others s t r a n g e l y c o m m it s u i c i d e a f t e r a short term in prison and after having shown a strong l o v e of life before their irrest.' M a n y persons disappearing and supposed t o be under arrest ire n o t t o b e f o u n d on a n y of the Prison b o o k s , a n d s o are n o t protected b y habeas corpus...

...Thereupon, Dr...

...President CasV idge'a strong praise of the Machado regime on his visit to Bavaria two y e a r s ago—when he sail Cuba was "free, prosperous, ss* j o y i n g all the advantages of aekV government 'and "the genuine expression c* public opinion at tie ballot-box" is sufficient evidence...

...T h e C a m p t a k e s g r e a t c a r e in t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f m e n u s . Pure i c e - c o l d d r i n k i n g w a t e r c o m e s f r om n a t u r a l s p r i n g s o n t h e p r e m i s e s. N e w p r i v a t e b u n g a l o w s , floored t e n t s , m o d e r n s a n i t a t i o n , up-tod a t e e q u i p m e n t , a b e a u t i f u l s o c i al hail a l a r g e rifnrng- h " 1 1 , h o t a n d c o l d showers—all these mean g r e a t e r e n j o y m e n t and c o m f o r t. S w i m m i n g , b o a t i n g , h i k i n g , b a s e - | b a l l , v o l l e y - b a l l , b a s k e t b a l l , h a n d - , b a l l a n d t e n n i s a r e s o m e o f t he s p o r t s e n j o y e d by o u r g u e s t s . < D a n c i n g , m a s q u e r a d e s , c o n c e r t s, c a m p fires, o u r o w n o r c h e s t r a a nd o t h e r s o c i a l a c t i v i t i e s. R a t e s a r e $18.00 per w e e k f or a d u l t s i n t e n t s a n d $ 2 0 . 0 0 p e r w e e k i n o u r B u n g a l o w s . Week-ends $ 4 . 0 0 p e r d a y f o r a d u l t s . Children w i t h p a r e n t s $11.00 p e r w e e k and $14.00 in o u r C h i l d r e n ' s colony...

...F a r e $1.88 e a c h w a y . M a k e y o u r r e s e r v a t i o n s i n the i N e w Y o r k offices, 175 E a s t B r o a d w a y . R o o m 303, P h o n e D r y d o ck 4972, a l s o 62 E a s t 106th St., L e h i g h 1734...

...Doyle filed an appeal from this decision with the Board...

...I h s Courts again and a g a i n have l e ld as they did i s the case just described...

...and the elections have been reduced t o a farce...

...an ex-member of the Supreme Court (Cabarroca...

...Of the remaining fifty, he withdrew eight, had eight denied and prevailed in 3 4 . - M o s t of his clients were granted permits because the Board not only exceeded its power, but also acted in a clearly anti-social fashion...

...But the American people have not been allowed t o k n ow the facta...

...Shall sse, the A m e r i c a n people, permit that approval to continue...

...Then, tha Mayor could a s k f o r the resignation of the p r e s e n t B o a r d and appoint m en who w o u l d be faithful to their tasks...

...However, prior to s u c h zoning, the district had contained two stores with an intervening vacant l ot Under such circumstances, the owner of this lot could with justice ask the Board of Standards and Appeals to grant h im permission to build a store...

...W i l l i am F. Doyle, and he is i veterinarian who w a s formerly chief of the Fire Prevention Bureau...

...Our word is l aw through the influence our State Department hat repeatedly exerted over the government of the island, partly through "preventive" interventioa under t h e P i a t t Amendment, past* ly through the dependence of tat g o v e r n m e n t a n d t h e island on WaB Street—a dependence which hat been openly recognized, accepted and approved b y the State Department...

...In either c a s e t h e y a r e seized o n the s l i g h t e s t p r e t e x t a n d deported without t r i a l . Ambassador F e r r a r a offered a s a m i t i g a t i o n o f t h e a s s a s s i n a t i o n s o f c e r t a i n l a b o r l e a d e r s that t h e y w e r e not C u b a n s b u t Spanl a r d s : M o r e p r o m i n e n t o p p o n e n t s of t h e g o v e r n m e n t , s u c h a s I t u r r a l de a r e " a d v i s e d " t o t a k e a v a c a t i on in E u r o p e o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s. T h e d e a t h - r a t e o f p o l i t i c a l priso n e r s is e x t r a o r d i n a r i l y high...

...Are w e not morally responsible in v i ew of*the very active and concrete moral support our government has hitherto given Machado...

...Machado and his powerful friends deny everything and there has been no public report or investigation in this country upon which we can rely...

...Three were presidents of the Conservative party, two w e r e presidents of the Liberal party in the House, one was the Populist leader...

...The M a y o r has y e t to take this step...

...He could undoubtedly claim that failure to comply with his request entailed "unnecessary hardships" upon him...

...I t is a dictatorship depends* financially and politically on tat explicit or tacit approval of tat American Government...

...Fortunately f o r the opposition, the Supreme Court has power to review the decisions of the Board of Standards and Appeals...

...His policy has b a s s o ne rf complete silence Camp Eden to Open for Year Decoration Day Improvements Have Made Socialist Resort "More Attractive Than Erer Before CA M P E D E N w i l l c e l e b r a t e its S i x t h s e a s o n on D e c o r a t i on D a y . Camp Eden is l o c a t e d 50 m i l e s f r o m N e w Y o r k City, h i gh u p i n t h e h e a r t o f t h e S t o r m K i ng M o u n t a i n R a n g e o n t h e s i d e o f o ne o f t h e m o u n t a i n s o v e r l o o k i n g the H u d s o n R i v e r . It c o v e r s a n a r e a j o f 145 a c r e s a t a n a l t i t u d e of 8 0 0 f e e L ' A s p a r k l i n g c r y s t a l l a ke w i t h i n t h e C a m p g r o u n d s , f e d by n u m e r o u s s p r i n g s , affords g u e s ts e x c e l l e n t s w i m m i n g , b o a t i n g and v a r i e d w a t e r s p o r t s . T h e b e a u t i f u l I c o u n t r y with* i t s p i c t u r e s q u e hills, s y l v a n p a t h s a n d r u g g e d w o o d l a n d s c o n s t i t u t e s a n i m m e n s e n a t u r a l p a r k. C a m p E d e n , o w n e d b y t h e J e w i s h S o c i a l i s t V e r b a n d , i s a S o c i a l i s t i n s t i t u t i o n . I t ia n o t c o n d u c t ed f o r profit, b u t a o l e l y f o r t h e p u r p o s e o f p r o v i d i n g a n i d e a l v a c a t i on r e s o r t w h e r e o n e m a y find h e a l t hy s p o r t s a n d r e c r e a t i o n i n a w h o l e s o m e a t m o s p h e r e. T h e C a m p p r i d e s i t s e l f o n i ts t a b l e b o a r d . The C a m p diet is a b u n d a n t , n o u r i s h i n g a n d h e a l t h ful...

...He h a s h a d extraordina r y success...

...For protesting against the socalled constitutional assembly and other acts of the dictatorship, scores of university students have b e e n expelled or exiled and t he University of Havana repeatedly c l o s e d , sometimes for weeks at a t i m e • • • When t h e constitution becomes dead wood, when no opposition o r g a n i z a t i o n o r publication is t o l e r a t e d , w h e n judges and officials are t h e servants of the dictator, there c a n be n o personal liberty...

...A wealth of evidence has piled up indicating that it has taken the l aw into itself again and again...

...lnvrntigajjej by Santiago Iglesias, Secretary at the Pan-American Federation at Labor, b y the present writer sat b y others shows t h a t the charm of Communism is often a mam pretext without foundation aaj when true does not receasarflj imply any conspiracy against tat s t a t e A s old fortresses, like the CSj nana of Havana, and old warships like the M a x i m o Gomez, are tjgjj as prisons in this tropical ^frpiflt i t is scarcely necessary to portisf prison conditions in detail nor ts s a y that the death-rate from daease is startling...

...The total sought t o be raised as a result of the drive which is n ow under way, and - w h i ch will soon reach most party members and sympathizers, will be $5,000 for the five months' period...

...Both the Supreme Court and the Appellate Division held that the Board had acted without authority and had ao power to grant permission to construct a garage in a district which had been zoned for residence...

...of this number 4 2 h a d previously had their applications denied...

...Not one of these is a radical...

...N o amount of corruption, or threats or even assassinations could compel some o f the chiei UBIhna of Cuba to put t h e i r neck...

...No Retrenchment Wanted I t was agreed by the committee members that the splendid progress made along all lines since the elections of last year would be halted if any retrenching were attempted at this time, on the eve of a State election, and when preparations for the State convention and campaign should be more elaborate than they have been in t h e past...

...This manifesto says that the present situation «*> sembleB in many lespecta the Spanish despotism we and the Cubans overthrew...

...Louis Satnoff made a survey of the requirements for the next f ew months...

...director of "Cuba Libre," and C a p t a i n Aquilar, director of "La C am p a n s . " One of the leading newspapers of H a vana, 'La Prensa,' was recently violently suppressed, and a dozen opposition newspapers have been e i t h e r suppressed, seized or mulcte d and enjoined b y the m a g i s trates' courts, a p r o c e s s so u n f a ir that even the e d i t o r of Machado's o w n o r g a n " E l M u n d o , " has condemned it...

...Julio Mella...

...And i t was only when the f a c t s began t o seep into the U n i t e d S t a t e s t h a t a meeting was finally permitted ( a n A p ril 19, 1 9 3 0 1 . Although that meeti n g was held in the open a a d it was raining, the conservative press of Havana reckoned the attendance at 20,000—a huge demonstration for that city...

...It was unanimously agreed that expansion instead of curtailment was justified by the prospects of raising more funds and b y t h e needs of the p a r t y organization...

...As there can be no constitutional government without genuine elections, can we be indifferent to this violation of our pledge to the people of Cuba...

...Unfortunately, litigation is very expensive and many froupa protesting the action of the Board are unable to afford an appeal t o the courts and hence must inffer...

...A public hearing was held'an M a y 1 5 , 1928...

...It is not true when ULintellectuals are arrested at 3 time, as happened three j a jS ago, some being held a s SB months and finally dismissed 3B out trial...

...s • N o w what are the f a c t s about the Machado dictatorship—as the leading Cubans I have mentioned see t h e m ? The f a c t s are these: 1. The constitution has been ill e g a l l y "amended" in such a w ay that the entire government is based on a mere coup d'etat But this constitution w a s solemnly a p proved b y t h e United States after the niaaslaa American war, nearly thirty years ago, s o l e l y because i t guaranteed "life, liberty and property...

...Some of them, who a re contributing In other ways and : o branches, win w a n t to take a d vantage of the exceptionally favorable conditions which obtain 'or the building of the Socialist 3arty by contributing more than -hey have in the p a s t or ordinarly do...

...Three months later, it applied to tha Superintendent of Buildings of the Borough of the Bronx for permission t o erect a Large public garage on the site...

...The President of the Veterans of the Cuban W a r of Liberation (Betancourt...

...nothing to cause such repression...

...A considerable number occurred a f ew years ago, inaugurating the Machado regime...

...The people in t h e neighborhood fought aggressively f o r a denial, arguing that if such a g a r a g e w a s constructed, the loiae and the smells connected with its activities would destroy the value at the neighborhood f o r r e s - den t i a l purposes...

...of labor leaders who had mysteriously rBaappearsd and points out that the Cuban •workers general'.} live under "the f e a r of being p e r sweated or something worse...

...One of the latest assassinations of labor leaders, that of Santiago Brooks, occurred November 7, 1929...

...BB "Associated Press" estimated tat numbers engaged in this prats3 s t r i k e s t 200,000...

...It was not until s Mrs...

...In short, j u s t under such exceptional circumstances was the Board of Standards and Appeals empowered to permit variations from existing statutes and regulations...

...A Favored Veterinarian I t has not, however, kept within its powers...

...All were accused 3 Communism, even the r r i s s f l g a jM the Rotary Club of S e a t s CesssS The same convenient and ssjM accusation (Communism t was s s 3 in the wholesale dissolution of k ? bor unions in 1 9 2 5 and arsis joMarch, 1980, a t the time of ( 2 general strike, when eleven oat ions were dissolved against tat protest of practically the entiat l a b o r movement of t h e island...

...I n addition it m a y b e pointed out that the M a y o r of Havana, the most important office in Cuba after the President, was elected as an independent Liberal and Populist against Machado's hand - picked candidate...

...E l h t u n d d , " has denounced i t. • A v e r y l a r g e p a r t o f t h e w o r k i n g p e o p l e a r e e i t h e r Spanish ox of Spanish parentage...

...Although it m i g h t be impossible to send D r . D o y l e and his friends on the Board t o jail, a n investigation by the Mayor's Commissioner of Accounts would disclose that Mr...

...His n a m e is Dr...

...Here is an excellent case in p o i n t A Typical Incident The Marben R e a l t y Corporation bought a piece of property on July 5, 1927, a t Cedar and Burnside Avenues in the Bronx...

...Furthermore, it !ias done so under rather suspicious circumstances...

...I n the appeal that is going out most members and p a r t y sympathizers will be asked to pledge $1 a month f o r t h e next five months, a lesser number will be asked to contribute $2.50 a month for the same period, while it is hoped that throughout the city fifty can be found who w i n contribute $5 a month during the same period...

...A s a result the permit was not granted...

...Yet there is no disorder in Cuba and there have been no personal assaults—indeed...

...on hi Cuba, while anajjanal t o all intervention even under the P i a t t A m endment, would certainly throw i t s moral weight * — t h e spirit of that amendment,—by which wt guarantee a Cuban government "adequate for the protection of life, property and In dividual liberty...

...the three parties have been amalgamated under ac«iOi«Ar...

...But it they did h o w does that Justify a presidential decree suspending t he constitution...

...jottie Culter, testifying in a • n k r u p t c y proceeding, had stated bat aha spent close to 910,000 to ret a gasoline permit that an inestigation was precipitated b y U . !. Attorney Tuttle and District attorney Crain...

...And the f a c t s are perfectly well established...

...Coolidge approved the Moc h a do dictatorship...

...o o o This is a dictatorship which fm Senate lobby investigation pro eel is openly sustained by Americas B i g Business in Cuba and thai is, therefore, no reason to sappose that all the essential facts are not thoroughly known est understood by the State Depart* m e n t E v e r y possible proof has baft given that the administration at Mr...

...Terrorism Under Cuban Dictatorship Machado's Rule of Murder and Repression Shielded By Newspapers' Suppression of the Facts By Wiiliam E. Walling (Prepared for the International Committee for Political Prisoners) AM E R I C A N wmtrnw opinion, il i t knew what is going...

...The fifth member is a ranking officer in t h e F i r e Department who is selected b y the head of that department It has immense discretionary powers of a quasi-judicial nature...

...t w o f o r m e r V i c e Presidents of Cuba (Vaxons, and C a pote i ; seven former Cabinet Ministers (Torriente, Hevia, Bru, Marti, Capote, Iturralde, B a z a n ) : four former Governors (Penate, Betancount, Iturralde, B a x a a ) ; a former President of the Senate ( A l v a r e z ); three former r^ssidarita of the House (Gomez, Coyula, Zaydin...

...The opposition was allowed to hold no public meeting for more than three years...

...To make this fear effective th< government requires its police oi other agents to be present at every labor meeting—and they can dissolve it when they like...

...Each time I h a v e been in H a vana s e v e r a l newspapers or weeklies were s e i z e d o r suppressed...

...Despite these charges, shyor Walker made no effort to uvea t i g s t e the administration of he Board of Standards and A p - leala...

...This seems to true s t times, though arrests are ceaseless...

...No event in recent months depicts so completely the inadequacy of the Walker administration...

...Where there are practical difficulties or unnecessary hardships in the w a y of carrying out the strict letter of the law, t h e Board shall have power in passing upon appeals to vary or modify any rule, o r regulation or t h e provisions of any e x isting l aw o r ordinance relating to the construction, use, structural changes in equipment, alteration or removal of buildings or structures or vaults and sidewalks appurtenant thereto, s o that the spirit of the l aw shall be observed, public safety secured and substantial justice done...

...W a l s h a a d h i s colleagues had repeatedly discharged their highly important duties in a manner which w a s inimical t o the city's beat interests...

...The Board of Standards and A p peals consists of five members...

...U. S. Attorney A c ts Theae f a c t s have been known for Kans t i m e Mr...

...A whole series of attacks on persons,, a multitude of assaults, a certain number of mysterious and unpunished political murders were sufficient to m a k e terror rule, s o that under i t s shadow the constitution could be reformed, terms of office extended and measures adopted which not only allowed elected persons to remain in office for terms longer than those for which they were elected but gave the ruling despotism the rrfeana to elect again and again anybody it chose to office," • e • Of the political assassinations the moat important have been those of labor leaders and editors...

...Perhaps a case in point would demonstrate more clearly what function the B o a r d w a s intended to perform under this law...

...Yet ( h e w a s able t o obtain a reversal and approval hs 4 1 of the 42...

...s t a t i o n s a n d s t o p a t C o l d Spring...

...a former President of the League of Nations (Torriente...

...X The Crowder Code providing f o r fair elections was approved by the United States s s well s s all Cuban parties...