A New Stage in the Mexican Struggle: Interview with a Political Exile
The following interview took place in Havana, Cuba in January, 1972. The man being interviewed is one of nine Mexican political prisoners released in exchange for the Rector of the University...
...A: I think that the differences that exist on an ideological plane internationally, are6 merely superficial differences...
...and so the Marxist wasn't able to unite with the priest who thought the sould was immortal but wanted to make arevolution...
...Q: Could you explain a little more what you mean by "serve the CIA...
...To the degree that the U.S...
...During 1969 and 1970, they committed numerous crimes, including assassinations and kidnappings, with the consent and knowledge of both the police and the President...
...A: At this point the direct link between urban and rural struggles is only at the most elementary stage...
...We sympathize with all the revolutionary victories of other peoples...
...In 1971 urban activity increased even more and the state was forced to use soldiers and police to protect the banks...
...And so Camilo said, "Look, gentlemen, if the soul is mortal or immortal depends on what each one thinks...
...Although we did not invest guerrilla warfare, we thing it is a clear expression of revolutionary determination and an effective way to win the liberation of the people of Mexico...
...For example they assaulted a small shoe repair store, drug store and a third class hotel, taking $80 or so...
...I was among the prisoners...
...workers receive will be increasingly smaller as the struggle continues...
...ence wars in the past century General Morales led the guerrilla movement in the southern mountains of the region...
...He serves the most reactionary segment of the Mexican bourgeoisie.- There is also a group called the Zapata Urban Front which is closely connected with the first group- and is believed to be a government group as well...
...In the western part of the country in Guerrero and in Sonora there are several MarxistLeninist groups operating with a pro-China line: the Revolutionary Party of the Mexican Proletariat, the Martyrs of Chicago (named in honor of the Haymarket riots) and the Party of the Mexican Workers...
...What are your goals...
...Genaro Vq uez Rojas was the leader of the National Civic Revolutionary Association guerrlla movement that operates in the Costa Grande mountains, in the state of Guerrero, since 1968...
...Ike spent his first years in a rural environment, From an early age he obtained firtd knowlEdge of the difficult conditions faced by the farmnn- ers s a result of the exploitation by the landlords...
...Vazquez started working as a laborer in the cotton and tomato fiids n Slnado After touring most of the country, he joined a group of rural leaders to set up the Inde- pendent Farmers Association...
...There is another group also operating in Guerrero called the Partido de los Pobres...
...We need a journalism that constantly strikes blows at the enemy, a journalism that acts in defense of the people...
...In the state of Chihuahua, bordering on the United States, a guerrilla group began activities in 1965...
...AID programs, are there also Mexican police who are trained by the United States...
...do you think that these ideological differences will have a detrimental effect on the unity of the Mexican movement or do you think that they can be resolved...
...so he called for the resignation of the Mayor of Mexico City who was his enemy within the official party anyway...
...Chihuahua, Aguascalientes, Cordoba and Guadalajara...
...At the time of his death, he was recognted as a national leader in the Mexican fight for freedom...
...PUBLSMD: /3/72 --Granma9 Most importantly, these groups illustrate the acute contradictions in the Mexican national bourgeoisie...
...At this point Vazquez Rojas began issuing statements from the mountains calling upon the people to rise up...
...The most militant parts of the movement became increasingly aware from this point on of the need to join together with the peasants and the workers if they were to succeed in bringing about revolutionary change...
...His father was a peasant leader...
...Its actions were mostly aimed at kand- owners and local bosses in the area...
...And so the revolution outside can be accelerated...
...Q: Why has the greatest amount of rural activity been centered in the state of Guerrero...
...Anyone who fought for their basic rights in Mexico would be repressed by the government...
...Q: Activity at the moment seems to be about equal in the cities and in the rural areas...
...The political police of Mexico then kidnap these people and hand them over...
...His imprisonment led to the establishment of the first armed group of the Guerrero Civic Association,hich was set up to obtain his release...
...And let me say that this is a joint action which is equally important for North American revolutionaries and Third World revolutionaries...
...We must understand that the United States will not allow Mexico to do what Chile did...
...For further backround information on Mexico, see NACLA's pamphlet entitled Mexico 1968: A SttUdy in Domination and Repression -- a revision of which will appear by Fall 1972...
...Mexico is thus a country in a state of siege...
...Embassy...
...2) Creating a people's government of workers, peasants, students, and progressive people...
...the massacre at Tlatelolco was really a turning point in the Mexican struggle...
...Today the region remains in a state of poverty and underdevelopment while at the same time being the sight of the internationally famous upper-class resort area of Acapulco...
...What has this meant in terms of the government's deployment of troops...
...Composed primarily of young teachers, students and doctors they were ill-prepared and so were annihilated by the army and their leader, Arturo Gamez, was killed...
...NACLA'S LATIN AMERICA & EMPIRE REPORT (formerly NACLA NEWSLETTER) Vol...
...In exchange for his life the guerrilleros demanded the release of nine political prisoners and $200,000...
...If Third World people within the U.S...
...In some areas, they try to use the so-called "Vietnamese village" method...
...This group has had several violent encounters with the Army -one just a few days ago...
...Up until that time the idea still existed that it was possible for the Mexican people to demonstrate peacefully for their rights and against the injustices of the government...
...It is now seven months since they have been investigating these crimes and nothing has happened, nor will it as long as the government remains in charge of the investigation...
...A: After the 1968 repression of the movement in Tlatelolco there was an apparent lessening of activity...
...topographically, the rural area provides a very good rear guard for the guerrilla...
...They've tried "mopup" operations -- massive searches with soldiers and policemen, with helicopter support...
...This was one of the last acts that he participated in, for on February 2, 1972 he was mysteriously killed in what the authorities called an "automobile accident...
...By attacking the petit bourgeoisie and pretending to be revolutionaries, these groups of Hawks tried to isolate the authentic movement from those who support it...
...In 1969 armed actions in the cities increased-- bombs were planted in the offices of reactionary newspapers, in the Ministry of the Interior, and in other places which symbolized the repressive government...
...He finished high school and went on to two years of law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, in the capital, and then became a school teacher...
...The largest problem these groups have faced in terms of survival has been police infiltration...
...We picked Guerrero because we know the area and because the problems of Mexico are very sharp here," said the guerrilla leader...
...There are several urban groups who feel that the struggle must begin in the cities and extend to the countryside...
...And so it is not really possi- ble to have real mass organizing in Mexico -- the movement has been forced underground...
...Genaro, from a peasant family in the state of Guerrero, had for the past four years been a leader of Mexico's strongest guerrilla organization...
...Usually thought of as one of the more "prosperous" Latin countries, it is in reality faced with grave economic problems and a constantly rising unemployment rate...
...Two days ago there was an encounter in which a patrol of the Mexican Army was annihilated...
...Also, we are looking for a union on an international level with the forces of other peoples who fight against the common enemy -- North American imperialism...
...the monster will be very preoccupied within its own house...
...The urban guerrilla groups are composed mostly of university students...
...com- panies on the raw materials from -the area...
...A: Mexico is the backyard of imperialism...
...He promised to continue the investigations...
...However, the student movement in this state is still very strong...
...With increased foreign capital they could eliminate at least a part of this figure, which couldn't be done with North American capital alone...
...The enemy is, therefore, weakest in'the countryside...
...Composed of persons from the lumpen proletariat, it was created by the Federal government and trained by the Mexican Army...
...A: In 1970, army forces were concentrated in the states of Guerrero and Yucatan and in the Federal District...
...what do you see as the relationship between the two...
...Vazquez Rojas: Our struggle has a definite national orientation...
...A: In Mexico the head of the political police receives technical aid from and works in conjunction with the CIA advisor in the U.S...
...None of these groups are united at the moment...
...While the most reactionary sectors are completely under the control of Wall Street capital, the more progressive and intelligent sectors are looking for a more diversified source of capital...
...The National Civic Revolutionary Association was created...
...Due to the large number of foreign and national journalists who were present at the demonstration and many of whom were injured, there was a general public protest against the Hawks...
...Where has it concentrated its forces...
...Has the success of the Tupamaros in Uruguay had an effect on revolutionary strategy in Mexico...
...In the south of the Mexican Republic, in the states of Veracruz and Chiapas, Tabasco and Campeche which border on Guatemala another group, the Mexican Insurgent Army, is active...
...And he went to fight...
...Genaro Vquez Rojas was the leader of the National Civil Revolutionar Auociatio...
...Funds for the movement were obtained through a series of kidnappings throughout 1969 and 1970...
...Address all mail to Box 57, Cathedral Station, New York, N.Y...
...radical press today and what role do you think it can play in the struggle...
...Despite a large mobilization of army forces into the area the guerrilla movement continued to spread and gain support...
...In November 1971 an armed group led by Gemro Vzquez Rojas cried out the sen- sational kidnapping of Jaime CasUrejn Die, Rector of the Unfverety of Guenero, who represats the CcaC a Intersts in that state...
...In my opinion, this is a mistaken point of view because Mexico is in no way as urbanized as Uruguay...
...COVER: the Vazquez Rojas Guerrilla group in Guerrero, Mexico.3 Q: Could you begin by giving us a general picture of the developments which have taken place in Mexico since 1968...
...Question: How do the local landowners and capitalists react to the movement...
...All documents and information related to revolutionary movements in Mexico and Latin'America are turned over to him as well as information on political exiles who live in Mexico...
...And so they fought and died together and there was never a single problem of unity within the group...
...These are the conditions which have led to Guerrero's vanguard position in the struggle...
...The work in the countryside will, of course, take a longer time to become visible...
...In trying to increase investments by West Germany, the rest of Western Europe and Japan, they hope to expand Mexican industries, employ more people and in this way neutralize a larger sector of the working class...
...What's mortal is hunger, what's mortal is oppression and let's unite on what we're feeling and what we're experiencing on this earth -- what everyone feels...
...What's happening is that you're discussing too much theoretically...
...Q: What you've just described is a simultaneous increase in both urban and rural activity...
...What we have to do is forget our ideological differences, forget our petit bourgeois individualism a little and concentrate on active journalism...
...His wife, Consuelo Sols Morales, was kidnapped and questioned by the political police last week at military field one, in the capital...
...She was released only a few hours ago...
...The idealist question we'll leave to individuals, but let us make the revolution now to solve the problems of misery...
...In June of 1971, they came to public atten- tion when they were put in charge of breaking up a student demonstration demanding university reforms and the release of political prisoners.Openly, shamelessly, and cynically, they assassinated numerous students who participated in the demonstration...
...While the student movement continued to gain strength in the cities and as repression against it increased, Vazquez began to build bases of support for a guerrilla movement in the state of Guerrero...
...Controlled by one national political party, the government has been forced to turn to increased repression in an attempt to maintain power...
...Excerpts from an interview with Vazquez Rojas that appeared in the Mexican magazine Por que in July, 1971...
...The army has directed them...
...It is impossible to conceive of an open struggle within this context...
...They carried out an, intensive campain against Rail Caballer Aburto, then governor of the state who was finally dismissed after a series of accusations of administrative corruption and abuses had piled up against him...
...It will work for the unity of all groups that are fighting for the same basic goals...
...Question: What is the main revilutionary tendency among the guerrillas...
...This was done and they were all brutally tortured and then assassinated...
...Neither the Chilean line of an electoral front, nor the Peru- vian line exist in Mexico...
...Because Guerrero is really still in a semi-feudal stage both groups depend very much on the support of the peasantry...
...The kidnapping was executed by the guerrilla group led by Genaro Vazquez Rojas...
...In June of 1971 the students tried once more to demonstrate peacefully and again they were brutally repressed and many were killed...
...capital investment, has been the scene of increasing struggle for the past years...
...What will be crucial is the continuing development of the rural guerrilla movement...
...The President issued usual statementssaying that those responsible for the massacre would be punished...
...Q: In an attempt to mas governmental political repression, there has been an increasing trend throughout Latin America to use right-wing groups supported by but not "officially" connected to, the police to repress the left...
...1971 came to an end with the kidnapping of Julio Hershfield, the Rector of the University of Mexico City and a close friend of President Echeverria...
...Hersfield was known as an advocate of U.S...
...The members receive a salary which ranges from 70 to 100 pesos a day, but they can earn additional money for attacks on leftist organizations or indi- viduals...
...Besides the enormous amounts of money poured in'through the U.S...
...While he studied and worked he never lost contact with the farmers of Guerrero...
...and the whole working class begin to strike blows against imperialism...
...Both sectors are desperate...
...In addition to these forces there are many U.S...
...So its a mutual effort...
...When these small businessmen felt themselves affected they said, "well, if these are the revolutionaries, we don't want to have anything to do with them...
...Genaro Vzquez was imprisoned in the Iguala jail and released through mass protests...
...The Chicanos are in a very special position...
...4) Setting up a just social system that will benefit the people of Mexico...
...At present there are 4 1/2 million people unemployed in Mexico...
...do you think that they will permit the Mexican people to take this sway from them...
...The Mexican government, aided by the CIA, has started to change its methods of operation to discredit the revolutionary movement in Mexico...
...The actions of these groups are relatively independent of those segments of the bourgeoisie which control state power...
...A: The situation in Mexico is very-different now than it was in 1968...
...The Ministry of the Interior reported the death of te i38yearold guerrilla leader took place when the car in which he was traveling overturned after the police had shot out a tire...
...The Halcones at work on student demonstrators...
...They were trained in Fort Benning, Georgia...
...They instead represent the more right-wing elements of the bourgeoisie who wish to provoke the situation into a crisis period making a repressive coup d'etat possible.8 eomro V6iquoz killd in Mexico & MEXICO CITY, February 2 (PL) - Gnaro Vuez Rojas, top leader of the rural uerra movement in Mexico, was killed polices at 25 am...
...Has this kind of counterrevolutionary activity been used in Mexico...
...Vazquez Rojas: All of the regions's bosses, economic and political, have tried to carry out a tremendous mobilization in order to encircle us...
...The people of Guerrero were also directly involved in the struggles during the Reform period (1857-61...
...in Guerrero, Julio Hershfield...
...10025 or Box 226, Berkeley, California 94701...
...The prisons of Mexico began to be filled with young people involved in political work...
...A: Guerrero is located in the region that historically has been the center of the Mexican struggle for independence...
...For example, Moises Guevara, who participated in the Bolivian guerrilla, was from a pro-China sector...
...He was the object of intensive searches by the Mexican Army and U.S...
...economic penetration of Mexico and also as a close personal friend of President Echeverria...
...Q: You have mentioned several different groups with various ideological lines...
...Its success exhibits the growing strength of the Mexican movement for national liberation...
...VAZQUEZ ROJAS ON THE MEXICAN REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLE Question: Is your movement purely regional...
...In recent months over 30,000 army soldiers have been sent to Guerrero to hunt down the guerrilleros but they have been totally unsuccessful...
...Genaro Vzquez Rojas was born in San Luis Acatlin, in Guerrero State in 1933...
...the only way open for the Mexican people is armed struggle...
...A: There are various groups and parties that are trying to politicize the masses in a pub- lic way, but the Mexican people have already suffered too much in the streets...
...Again in 1968 another group was formed also from a student base, the 23rd of September Movement...
...In 1959 the four main rural orgszations joined together under his leadership to form the Guerrero Civic Association to fight against the low prices imposed' by U.S...
...The line to be followed in Mexico must be from the countryside to the cities, and so the urban guerrilla should serve as a support base for the rural guerrilla...
...this impelled the Army to mobilize more forces in the cities...
...Let's suppose that it is difficult to have unity in one paper, but the Blacks could10 have one, the Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans, etc...
...Last week simultaneous attacks were carried out by the Socialist Revolutionary Front for Action which operates in the Federal District, Nuevo Leon and Chihuahua...
...All blows against the empire will make the struggle shorter for everyone...
...When the October massacre occurred in which 1,000 people were shot down by the Army, it became increasingly clear that there was only one road open for independence in Mexico -- armed struggle...
...If you considered a journalism that went directly to the people and reported their problems then I think there could be unity...
...What happened in reality was that a large part of the student movement came to see that they could achieve nothing through legal means and so they either went into underground work in the cities or else in the countryside...
...At the same time that these activities were being carried out, a rural guerrilla organization, the National Revolutionary Civic Association, was developing in the state of Guerrero...
...In November 1966 he was arrested in Mexico City and later transferred to Gtl- pancingo, capital of Guerrero...
...For instance, in Uruguay a number of false "communiques" by the Tupamaros have appeared within the last year...
...If the colonies begin to rise up and struggle, the crumbs these U.S...
...The more reactionary sector sees repression as the only answer to the critical situationwhich exists today...
...Green Berets in the area...
...Rural warfare was increased at this time, as provincial institutions where government protection was not yet in action came under attack...
...today (8:55 M)on kilometer 226 of the road from Mexico City to Morelia, west of the capital...
...In 1970 actions against financial institutions increased...
...In exchange for him, the National Civic Revolutionar Association obtained the release of nine political primers, who left the country, and 200000 dollars...
...In November of 1971 the National Revolutionary Civic Association (NRCA) kidnapped the Rector of the University of Guerrero, a prominent businessman who represented the Coca Cola Co...
...And so you have to carry out the actions simultaneously, with one advantage for you -- imperialism cannot hurl bombs on your cities because that is where its industries are...
...Both the Movement of Revolutionary Action and the People's Armed Comandos were heavily infiltrated...
...At the same time armed actions were begun against the latifundistas, army officials and all repressive forces in Guerrero...
...This unit is led by Lucio Cabanas whose background as a Normal School teacher is similar to that of Vazquez...
...In an interview published by the Mexican press in mid-January he hid said: "Our struggle is the result of national factor...
...But on the other hand, they're treating the peasants with incredible brutality...
...They are in a hospital in Morelia, the capital of Michoacin State...
...Q: How do you see the development of the Mexican struggle as part of the continental struggle...
...He operates principally in the state of Guerrero, along the coast that connects with the state of Michoacan...
...These are the goals: 1) Overthrowing the government of capitalists and land-owners...
...The following interview attempts .to clarify the Mexican situation as it exists today...
...In 1971 as the guerrilla actions under the leadership of Vazquez Rojas increased, almost half of the Army was sent to the region...
...A: The guerrilla movement in Mexico as it now exists really began in 1968 with the repression of the student movement...
...The kidnapping and subsequent release of the prisoners, in November, 1971, was one of the most dramatic actions in Mexico in recent months...
...It was at this time that he began working toward the development of the associations of farmers in his state...
...Afterwards, the movement went underground...
...It should be remembered that in the past century imperialism robbed Mexico of a large part of its territory, territory that is today occupied by the Chicanos...
...The CIA and the FBI have also joined in these efforts, using techniques applied in the early stages of the Vietnam war...
...The most famous of these groups is the Central de Accion Revolucionario Armada...
...A few months before the July massacre at Tlatelolco an armed attack was carried out on the Iguala jail in the state of Guerrero...
...12 per year for institutions ($22 for two years...
...The Revolutionary Student Federation has carried out armed actions in the state of Jalisco...
...The three people in the car with him were injured...
...It is believed that the guerrilleros are both Mexican and Guatemalan and so the armies of both countries are now being mobilized against them...
...has the same tactic been used in Mexico...
...It is creating facsist groups made up of Hawks...
...lie was rescued on April 22, 1968, in a clash with the police...
...Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y...
...VI, No...
...Two guerrilleros were killed during the action but Vazquez was able to escape to the mountains...
...What we have to understand is how to interpret warfare with respect to the specific conditions of each country...
...And specifically, what kind of relationship do you see between your movement and the Chicano movement in the U.S...
...Di- rectly under the orders of the Mayor of Mexico City, whose name at that time was Alfonso Corona de Rosal, this group took over the more repressive work of the police in the Federal District...
...Beginning in October of 1968, revolutionary actions were carried out against commercial institutions which supported the oligarchy in Mexico City...
...And the Chicanos are now ca-rying out a war which is going to permit them to regain their dignity...
...The Civic Association of Guerrero transformed itself into the National Revolutionary Civic Association, an organization that is giving birth to other armed groups...
...A: Pardon me for making this observation, but I ave noted a lack of unity in the "underground press...
...If one thought the soul was immortal, one wasn't a Marxist...
...It too was unsuccessful and so the guerrilla movement in Chihuahua has for the present receeded...
...All the leaders of the intelligence service of the Mexican Army and the Ministry of the Interior are trained by and serve the CIA...
...A: Yes, this has just begun happening in the last year...
...These are not possible...
...Mexico, the Latin American country with the highest rate of U.S...
...We believe that a scientific method is the only tool that can help us to interpret correctly the world around us and the social problems that exist within it...
...Inti Peredo came from the Communist Party...
...This was demonstrated by Comandante Guevara in Bolivia...
...During the Independ...
...Other groups are working in Aguascalientes...
...revolutionary movement is developed, the revolutionary action in the Third World will be accelerated...
...Q: The case of Dan Mitrione, A North American who trained Brazilian and Uruguayan police in the latest counterinsurgency and torture techniques highlighted the role which the Uited States is playing in cooperation with the repressive forces of Latin America...
...Green Berets, and his death is a tragic blow to the liberation forces...
...At this particular point in time some white workers in the United States participate in the exploitation of the Third World because they receive the crumbs of imperialism...
...Although we didn't invent the method of guerrilla warfare, we consider it a clear ex- pression of revolutionary will and dtermil- nation...
...The most violent revolutionary war, more violent than that of Vietnam, will have to be developed in Mexico...
...3) Full economic and political independence for Mexico...
...The organization started opera tions in the mountains of Guerrero, the Costa Grande region that stretches from Acapulco to the state of Mlchoacin...
...that operates in Guerrero State and aimed at others, according to news agency reports...
...A concrete example of this is the case of the Guatemalan guerrillas who kidnapped the German Ambassador Von Spretti...
...In the beginning of 1972 there were successive and coordinated blows in Monterrey, A: Yes, this is precisely what is happening...
...At riflepoint or bayonet point, they have driven whole villages into camps or what they call "controllable" hamlets...
...Inti told Che that he feared there might be differences within the guerrilla unit, and Che made the following observation: here we are not going to discuss international ideological questions -here we are going to fight in order to bring the people to power...
...At the end of 1968, a group called the Halcones (Hawks) was formed...
...For example, in Uruguay the urban guerrilla is basic because the majority of the population is concentrated in the cities (52% in Montevideo, editor...
...It borders the United States...
...In a communique issued at the time they stated that they were prepared for further confrontations with the Army...
...Such groups, passing as real revolutionaries, carried out armed actions against the organizations and institutions of the petit bourgeoisie...
...Their main activities center around expropriations...
...q: There have been several instances lately of an increasing use of CIA "black," or covert, propaganda...
...Vazquez Rojas: As revolutionaries, we are inspired mainly by the concrete conditions of our own nation...
...And when a guerrilla group is acting there isn't any time to discuss ideologi- cal questions...
...Is there something special about its history or economic characteristics...
...Today Vazquez Rojas is known as the leader of the vanguard in the armed liberation struggle in Mexico...
...Copyright() 1972 by the North American Congress on Latin America, Inc...
...Everyone knew that the chief Hawk lived in the Presidential Palace, but the President, of course, has to protect himself...
...After this, the organization felt t was necessary to start operations in other stats, and plans were prepared on a national level...
...It was discovered in 1971, and is led by one of the most repressive agents in Mexico, Sergio Romero Ramirez...
...The people did not believe him because they knew that in reality it was he who was responsible for the massacre...
...The attack, carried outby an armed group of the National Revolutionary Civic Association, resulted in the release of Vazquezi Rojas, one of the leaders of that group...
...This is al- ready happening in the Dominican Republic, Brazil, Guatemala and Uruguay...
...10027...
...BIOGRAPHICAL DATA ON mENARO VAZQUEZ ROJAS Mexican leader Genaro Vzquez Roeas led an armed movement in Guerrero State since 1968...
...During 1958 and 1959 he played an active role in the battle to obtain better salaries and trade-union independence for the ele- mentary school teachers, and he was fired...
...Q: What has happened to the traditional student movement under these conditions...
...In the face of popular pressure, Echevarria was forced to accept the resignation not only of the Mayor but of the Attorney General and the Chief of Police as well...
...intervention and agression...
...Q: What do you think of the U.S...
...When those crumbs end they will become conscious of what is really happening and they will join the struggle...
...But, in Guatemala for instance, the majority of the oppressed population is in the countryside and...
...Many of them went to the countryside and began to work with the campesinos, while others went into clandestine activities in the cities...
...A: Mexico is no different from Uruguay, Brazil, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic or any other Latin American country in terms of U.S...
...The guerrilleros blocked all the roads and set planes on the various airstrips on fire to prevent the landing of Mexican troops and North American advisors...
...Veryoften the CIA asks that certain revolutionary people be sent back to the police in the country from which they have sought asylum...
...We chose Guerrero because we know the area well and have found that the contradictions that affect Mexico and other so-called "underdeveloped" countries are very sharp here...
...Urban guerrilla activity spread to the states of Nueva Leon, Veracruz, Chihuahua and Aguascalientes, and in Yucatan the army occupied the rural zone.4 Repression of the student movement in July of 1968...
...You know that from the historic point of view the petit bourgeoisie has been traditionally allied with the revolutionary movement...
...When they were in Mexico, the CIA identified them and asked the Mexican police to to capture them and return them to Guatemala...
...Our political cadres analyze the particular experience of these revolutions in order to learn from them and to apply these experiences here...
...We are pro-Mexican and for the moment don't rigidly label ourselves pro-Soviet, pro-Chinese, or pro-Cuban...
...The man being interviewed is one of nine Mexican political prisoners released in exchange for the Rector of the University of Guerrero...
...Fof the last few weeks a large number of soldiers, with the aid of planes, helicopters and other resources, had been trying to locate the guerrilla leader...
...q: Could you tell us, then, how the guerrilla movement has been developing over the past few years and what stage it is in now...
...So that is where guerrilla warfare must be developed...
...Q: What kind of work is being done aboveground now...
...We admire the eocnomic advances and the fighting potential of the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, and North Vietnam, where the governments are leading their people to freedom, liberty and happiness in spite of American imperialism...
...More than 80 percent of all Mexican in- dustry is in the hands of North Americans...
...For example, Camilo Torres was involved in ideological struggles, but he soon saw that discussions only lead to more discussions...
...Student involvement in urban guerrilla warfare has not been confined to Mexico City...
...SUBSCRIPTIONS: $6 per year for individuals ($11 for two years...
...But in July, 1968 when the students, supported by a vast majority of the population, went out into the streets to demand that the government uphold the Constitution the violence with which they were met on the part of the repressive forces shattered that myth forever...
...3 / March, 1972 Published monthly, except May-June and July-August, when it is published bi-monthly at 160 Claremont Ave., New York, N.Y...
Vol. 6 • March 1972 • No. 3
