The U.S. Media Empire in Latin America (with four pages of charts and tables)
Frappier, Jon
In the last decade, television has become the single most important medium in the United States. Advertising agencies, survey research and McLuhan all agree that television is the most pervasive...
...Thomp 6.2 42 $1,326 5,000,000 TRINIDAD 2 36,000 $350 GUATEMALA McC-Erick - 4 45,000 $170 ECUADOR McC-Erick - 6 45,000 $51 -6this seems to be the case in Latin America...
...TeleCuraqao Ch...
...5 (1955) Maya6.ez, Puerto Rico IRIK-TV, Ponce Television Corp...
...More important, since production facilities were so costly, approximately 80% of the programs shown in Latin America originated in the United States (programs such as "The Flintstones," "I Love Lucy," "Bonanza," "Route 66," etc...
...A case of intensive involvement by U.S...
...In this world of high-powered communications we may even have to speak of a new kind of "self-alienation" for citizens living under capitalism...
...Telesistema Mexicana Ch...
...Therefore, the role of Worldvision for ABC is to centralize three very important and profitable tasks - program buying, sales representation and networking...
...TABLE OF U.S...
...The values projected by television programs and advertising imported from the United States will definitely affect the cultural integrity of the Latin American people...
...The two figures in the lower left corner under each country are: top no.: number of TV stations in the country bottom no.: number of TV sets in the country (Sources: Television Ae, January, 1968...
...NBC's specialties overseas are programming and management services contracts rather than direct investment in TV stations...
...TSuscription price: $5.00 per year...
...other trade ournals...
...8 (1956) Managua, Nicaragua *ABC's Iatin American Television International Network Organization-9TV-2...
...Thomp 4.2 14 3,200,000 ANTIGUA 2 5,000 BRAZIL Grant McC-Erick $6.8 J.W...
...3 Guataula City, Guatemala 4VMR-Tv...
...That role belongs to the client: The American consumer goods industry...
...Goar Mestre and others-60% Goar Mestre and others-60% TIME-LIFE ROADCAST- Technical and Financial Assistance TV-Globo TV-Paulista Ch...
...They argued that the Latin Americans themselves should take the initial risks...
...4 (1959) Ch...
...i"tt.sing affluence in the developed countries and the steady march of U.S...
...The spending power of this trend-setting audience is upward of $136 billion in disposable income...
...5 (1953) Rio de Janiero, Brazil Sao Paulo, Brazil BARTEIT MEDIA- TV Stations PJA-TV...
...From Worldvision, Your Passport to the ioture put out by ABC International Television, Inc.-7system for a country...
...Radio America TV...
...Antilles Ownership: Bartell-60...
...TeleCuraqao Ch...
...9, January, 1968 Published ten times a year by the North American Congress on Latin America at 160 Claremont Avenue, New York, N.Y...
...A man setting up a commercial station abroad has to be pretty sure he knows how to compete - and we have more knowledge in this field than anyone else in the world...
...Since that control cannot yet be obtained, they prefer to wait for a more opportune moment...
...Primera Televisi6n Ecuatoriana Ch...
...But television wasn't the prime mover...
...Also, the production of programs and films was becoming very expensive...
...Advertising agencies, survey research and McLuhan all agree that television is the most pervasive and influential form of dissemination and attitude formation...
...Joseph Charyk, the president of Comsat...
...Sources: Television Factbook, 1967...
...CBS has concentrated its limited overseas involvement in Latin America, but its overall policy is still one of hesitancy...
...2 Caracas, Venezuela Ch...
...7 is repeated in the four following cities: Golfito, Puntarenas, San Isidro, Turrialba HISD-TV...
...Significantly the major percentage of increase occurred outside the United States...
...to resell to the public...
...This system allowed U.S...
...Television Magazine, October 1966...
...According to NBC, a large contract wil) include analyzing the aims of the client country (why does it want TV...
...INTERESTS IN LATIN AMERICAN TELEVISION STATIONS OGTi: lhe following table Lists Latin Amermican and Caribbean TV stations in which U.S...
...4 is repeated in Barquistimeto (Ch...
...In 1961, in the U.S...
...The figure in the lower right corner under each country is the amount of U.S...
...4) and Screen Gens has a part interest in Canal Once Television (Ch...
...ABC controls a share of Venevision (Ch...
...Information Agency Although local businessmen in Latin America initiated the development of the television systems in their countries, they were always influenced and often limited by the eleotromcand media industry in the U.S...
...The NACLA NEWSLETTER is published ten times a year by the North American Congress on Latin America...
...The merger would have solved ABC's financial problems and would have provided the network with important overseas contracts as ITT has the largest international telecommunications system in the world...
...12 (1962) Montevideo, Uruguay LATINO Venevisi6n Ch...
...4 (1952) (Gov't., commercial) Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic HCPTVE...
...9 (1965) BogotA, Colombia TI-TVCR...
...However, once broadcasting began, educational TV was Dushed aside...
...Leeward Islands Television Services Ltd...
...CBS-20...
...Department of Commerce, hundreds of U.S...
...Rediffusion of London-40...
...8 (1960) Curacao, Netherlands Antilles Operated by Bartell Media Corp...
...CBS's family includes the publishing house of Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., the toy company Creative Playthings, Inc., Baily Films and the New York Yankees...
...In early 1968, Worldvision boasted 64 TV stations in 27 countries (16 of them in Latin America) reaching more than 20 million homes...
...First, the conservative factions of the corporations" boards of directors were skeptical that a large enough market existed in Latin America to make it profitable...
...13), again with Time-Life and CBS.] NBC has its investment in Radio Caracas-TV (Ch...
...W ;s7a had expliratory talks in South America--in Colombia, Brazil, Chile--but they Juat weren't ;^t...
...The four other authorized carriers are AT&T, RCA, Western Union and the Hawaiian Telephone Co...
...8 (1965) Hamilton, Bermuda TV13...
...NBC is involved in Monterrey, Mexico...
...PJC-TV...
...6 (1964) Quito, Ecuador Teleradio Centroamericana Ch...
...K. 1.5 J.W...
...Televisora Ch...
...Of the three major TV networks in the United States, ABC has been the leader in penetrating the overseas market through its international organization known as Worldvision, a collection of commercial TV stations abroad in which ABC has invested...
...11-2There are two basic reasons why the U.S...
...In 1960, after much persuasion by U.S...
...Ren6 Picado E.-25% Ch...
...4 (1965) Ch...
...As one might predict, CATVN, through ABC International, has a centralized advertising sales program and a film distribution system...
...10027...
...All media (television, radio, newspapers, magazines, etc...
...advertising agencies and their billings--total fees charged to clients (in millions...
...making a technical survey, suggesting an overall program, setting up a staff to implement the program (three NBC personnel, a general manager, director of engineering and director of administration, are put in charge of the project), designing, constructing and equipping the TV studios and finally, supervising and assisting in the station's broadcasting...
...MEDIA EMPIRE IN LATIN AMERICA CHILE Grant Ken & Eck $ .54 McCErick 2.6 J W. Thomp 1.5 22 $605 300,000 COLUMBIA Ken Eck $ .95 McC-Erick 1.8 14 $610 410,000 VENEZUELA Grant Ken Eck $7.5 McC-Erick 2.0 J.W...
...businesses to be established in one Central American country and to sell their goods in all the countries, without paying any tariffs...
...3 (1964) Member of ABC Worldvision Barbados, West Indies XET-TV...
...st, "but ;t -p-orCtunities just haven't been there as we define opportunity...
...The procedure ABC uses in building its Worldvision empire is fairly standardized...
...4 (1956) Mexico City, Mexico LATINO Telesistama Mexicana Ch...
...Caracas, Venezuela Ch...
...Public opinion studies indicate that the majority of Americans not only receive its entertainment from TV, but also rely on that medium for news information...
...Televisora Am- WSUR-TV...
...2 is repeated in Coro (h...
...9 (1962) (repeats Ch...
...The influence of NBC's styl-, structure and priorities (particularly its favoritism toward commercial non-government stations) on a client country's TV system is unavoidable...
...About 1959 a gentle curve representing the expansion of American advertising agencies overseas started an abrupt climb which hasn't yet levelled off...
...ve opportunities...
...motion pictures occupy 60 per cent of screen time in theatres of the free d world and thus stimulate demand for American goods among the hundreds of millions of viewers abroad...
...The significance of these observations becomes more meaningful since the power which controls the communications media, both in the U.S...
...8 (1959) San Salvador, E Salvador TG-VTV...
...HRYA-TV...
...Televisora Panamericana Ch...
...It became obvious to those who are responsible for turning up a profit ,tha., t2le only way to solve the problem was to increase the distribution of TV progra=min!,o By 1960, Latin America had proved to U.S...
...Capital Broadcasting Co., Ltd...
...corporations continue to prosper and ABC's role in that process is summed up in their own words...
...Thomp 3.5 Y. & R. .6 43 2,100.000 $1,42 PANAMA Grant McC-Erick - 0,00 $804 110,000 ARGENTINA Grant Ken F Eck McC-Erick $4.4 J.W...
...Sources: Survey of Current Business, U.S...
...Thomp 1.1 Erwin Wasey - Y. R. 5.( 400,000 INTER-AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS SCREEN PAN-AMERICAN GEMS BROADCASTING NATIONAL BROADCASTING COMPANY ABC AMERICAN MUDA TIME-LIFE BROADCASTING CARIBBEAN NETWORKS HONDURAS McC-Erick 15,00 $105 15,000 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Y. R. $ .9 4 $125 52,500 PERU Grant McC-Erick $2.5 J.W...
...12 (1963) Ch...
...For example, ABC can sell BEtman to an advertiser and then place Batman along with designated commercials in any Worldvision country where the advertiser wants it to appear...
...Scottish TV-40% ZAL-TV...
...13 (1960) Buenos Aires, Argentina Ownership: CBS-20...
...The Japanese economist, Shigeto Tsuru, expresses the point, rather pessimistically, that the media serves those who control it...
...7) and PRODUCTION CMPANIES: Teleprograma Acapulco, Mexico TDIE-WIFE RQOADCAST- Production Co...
...Telemundo, Inc...
...Trinidad and Tobago TV Co...
...Teleonce Dic6n S.A...
...If television was able to attract the necessary audience in those underdeveloped countries to the south, then the U.S...
...K. - Norman, Craig & Kumael Ken & Eck - Kenyon & Eckhardt J.W...
...13 (planned) Lima, Peru Proventel...
...The original promoters of television in Latin America emphasized the medium's potential in the educational field...
...Time-Life Broadcast20...
...5) San Pedro Sula, Honduras HRSU-TV...
...Further motivating ABC's international push was its proposed merger with ITT (International Telephone and Telegraph Corp...
...The differences in political content projected by the three major U.S...
...4) Caracas, Venezuela Radio Caracas Televisi4 Ch...
...First, to detennrmine the wants and needs for these countries that you're not in, to think in terms of an international basis...
...6 Guayaquil, Ecuador HCPTVE...
...In one sense ABC International is becoming a worldwide advertising agency...
...companies (mainly ABC, CBS and NBC) would get involved...
...Television Around the World" by Ralph Tyler in Television Magazine, October 1966, p. 33...
...Provental, Caracas...
...Time-Life Broadcast is the other large U.S...
...Unfortunately for both companies, ITT was forced to terminate the merger plan in January, 1968...
...RCA's subsidiaries include Hertz, Commercial Credit Co., Random House, Sunbury and Dunbar Music, Inc., Defense Electronic Products and two Job Corps Training Centers...
...and this obviously means to act like a leader...
...They have stockholders and we have stockholders...
...2 Ch...
...TeleAruba PJC-TV...
...Tyler's article, p. 61...
...Goar Mestre and others-60% OAY4A-TV (Pantel...
...networks...
...the U.S., in 1967, exported $4.1 million worth of merchandise to atin America...
...aotes have been motivated by survival instincts as well as the prospect of additLoral profits...
...direct private investment in Latin America rose from $4.4 billion in 1950 to $11.5 billion by 1966...
...2 San Juan, Puerto Rico WCRA-TV...
...8 (repeats Ch...
...Oae trade magazine has suggested that NBC's interest in developing TV systems around the world is not primarily for control but to stimulate the demand for TV equipment, of which RCA is a leading producer...
...11 San Juan, Puerto Rico Caracas, Venezuela Screen Gems-100% Owned with able Espina WOLE-TV...
...4) San Salvador, E1 Salvador Panama City, Panama PAN AMERICAN ROADCASTING CO.- TV Stations QAX4U-TV...
...Both, however, are banking on the existence of a sizeable group of international companies with marketing plans that cover large portions of the globe...
...Tlehaiti S.A...
...Already, the ABC Worldvision stations can reach a universe of more than 15,000,000 (1963) television homes...
...Film Companies Rises, November 7 ~ 4, 1963...
...NBC International deals directly with overseas broadcasters to sell NBC programs which are shown in 82 countries...
...A further impetus for TV's move into Latin America was given by the increasing presence of U.S...
...NBC has had "many, many requests to invest in government stations, particularly in the new emerging nations...
...The American people needed more TYV sets and more programs to watch...
...From Television Magazine, a sophisticated trade publication for the industry...
...Goar Mestre and others-60% WOMETCO ENTERPRISES- TV Stations CATV System Freeport, Grand Bahamas SCRME GS- TV Stations WAPA-TV...
...6 (1960) Monterrey, Mexico CBS- TV Stations Trinidad and Tobago TV Co...
...Merle S. Jones, president of CBS television and a director of CBS (also director of Proartel, Buenos Aires...
...Time-Life Broadcast20...
...Time-Life has invested approximately $6 million in Rio's leading TV station which is owned by the same family that puts out U Globo, the largest circulating newspaper in Brazil...
...corporations have done in the past, the development of those societies...
...but these particular media entrepreneurs realized that television would be profitable not only in terms of money but also as a mechanism to mold opinions and to relieve people's frustrations through entertainment...
...B. - Foote, Cone and Belding N.C...
...12 (1960) Aguadilla-Mayaguez, Puerto Rico Screen Gs-33% CARIBBEAN NETWORKS, INC.- TV Stations RPC-TV...
...CBS-20...
...The growth of television abroad had something to do with this uspsurge, since the head-start Ameri can agencies had in dealing with the medium commercially has given them a highly exportable knowhow...
...corporation with investments in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil and Venezuela...
...5 (1960) Ch...
...We'd rather hold ourselves open for the total market...
...GROWTH OF LATIN AMERICAN TV TV AND CARIBBEAN TELEVISION Stations Sets 1955 32 619,000 1958 75 2,314,500 1961 137 4,522,000 1964 217 6,645,700 Source: U.S...
...and according to the U.S...
...These last two functions are the ones that ABC sees as crucial for the success of the Worldvision "I think the time is now, if it hasn't been already, to consider selling your product everywhere...
...companies, who would naturally encourage the involvement of tavision in helping to sell their products (through advertising...
...Another important aspect of the proposed merger for ABC was that ITT is one of the five American commercial carriers authorized by the Federal Communications Commission who can purchase channels from Comsat (Communications Satellite Corp...
...Department of Commerce...
...4 (1960) Guayaquil, Ecuador HCTVE...
...6, 1964) Larranaga S.A...
...Also in 1960, one year after it was formed, ABC International advanced $250,000 to and invested in five Central American TV stations - one from each of the five countries...
...11 Buenos Aires, Argentina LATINO* ZBF-TV...
...They also needed sponsors, thus sending the advertising agencies scurrying around to find their eagerly waiting clients...
...13) Valparaiso, Chile LATINO Alto Magdalena...
...I And now that the United States is exerting more pressure on the South American countries to convince them of the necessity of a functioning Latin American Free Trade Association, ABC International in January, 1968, formed LATINO (Latin American Television International Network Organization) which will follow the same pattern as CATVN and includes so far, Venezuela, Ecuador, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Mexico...
...Thomp - 4 200,000 EL SALVADOR McC-Erick $ .25 3 $41 35,000 $41 HAITI 1 10,000 PUERTO RICO BERM Grant 1 Len New $2,5 17,000 McC-Erick 1.7 N.C...
...The Gallatin Annual of International Business/1965...
...1 EXCLUSIVE...
...Educational programming was a luxury that tied up their facilities without producing revenue...
...2), which is a member of ABC's Worldvision group...
...This investment is related to services which ABC International is able to provide for the Worldvision station...
...Hubert Federspiel40...
...Caribbean Broadcasting Ch...
...This is conveyed not only by the images and information presented, but also by the material which does not appear...
...2 is repeated in the following three cities: Interior, Chiriqui (1966), E1 valle (Ch...
...They are the first to develop-iiia loyalties which set the pattern for others...
...Perhaps ABC was forced to take on that function because of its weakness in the field of television broadcasting vis-a-vis CBS and NBC...
...Minimum contribution for 1-yr...
...Wilson Dizard pointed out in his book, Television: A World View, that more than any other medium, TV has the ability to identify and define our environment...
...Overseas Business Report...
...and Teleprogramas Iberoamericanas, Pa3nma ), explains CBS's limited overseas expansion not as a lack of in...
...subscription: $5 In This Issue: The U.S...
...The important factor is that CBS, and also NBC, s-ave a different set of priorities than ABC...
...Bat "not always does their political philosophy agree with ours...
...Thomp 1.2 22 300,000 $605 BARTELL WOMETCO MEDIA ENTERPRISES ATLE McC-Erick 25 ,000 $24 19,000 COSTA RICA McC-Erick $ .45 6 65,000 $63 65,000 BARBADOS Ken , Eck $ .25 McC-Erick 1.0 N.C...
...Television Magazine, October 1966).LEGEND The chart on the opposite page shows Latin American and Caribbean countries in which UoS...
...television networks (ABC, CBS and NBC) is scarcely measurable...
...However,-5U.S...
...8 (1964) Caracas, Venezuela Ownership: CBS-20...
...But ABC's approach is the reverse of what the agencies-are doing...
...Television's emphasis on consumerism will not only lead to increased frustrations for many Latin Americans, but it will continue to distort, as U.S...
...Corporaci6n Panamena de Radio Di- YSR-TV...
...In following their clients abroad, U.S...
...As you go around the world, television is either governi HAVE YOU HEARD ENOUGH...
...Also...
...erica Ch...
...6 E1 Zamorano, Mexico LATINO PJA-TV...
...Primera Televisi6n Ecuatoriana Ch...
...10) Carabobo (Ch...
...Proartel Proventel Ch...
...U.S...
...Circuito YSR fusion Ch...
...2 (1962) Panama City, Panama Ch...
...For instance, ABC can offer financial support, technical and administrative services, personnel -raining programs, a program buying service and, in addition, act as the station's ,L.'.s representative...
...6 (1956) Ch...
...Proartel Ch...
...First, ABC will invest in the television station...
...Under each country is a listing of U.S...
...corporations...
...Quality Telecasting Corp...
...What seems clear is that CBS and NBC see themselves as broadcasters, and therefore they want control of TV stations abroad...
...es are NACIA NEWSLETTER Vo'l...
...The Committee's chairman was Dr...
...Both companies are also taking on the appearance of conglomerates...
...Western Broadcasting Corp...
...2 (1960, 1963) Corp...
...7 (1960) San Jos6, Costa Rica Ownership: ABC-35...
...The effect television will have on latin America is still unclear, but it will probable be no more beneficial for them than it is for us...
...The larger and more developed countries of Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Mexico and Venezuela began the process in the early 1950's, primarily with the capital of local businessmen, The initial investments were large and the profit payoff was longer in coming than most Latin American investors are accustomed to...
...The ability of TV to command the attention of millions of people for long periods of time has political consequences...
...13 (1962) Port of Spain, Trinidad Ownership: CBS-10...
...Caracas, Saigon and the Middle East...
...2 and Ch...
...In 1958, he went to Argentina to set up Proartel (Ch...
...CBS and NBC possibly consider ABC's role overseas to be primarily that of an international advertising agency, more concerned with the buying and selling of programs and advertising space...
...7 (1958) Ponce, Puerto Rico Luis Ferre-10%-11ment or quasi-government operated and doesn't offer much inducement to invest...
...El Socorro Ch...
...Dizard says, 'ost TV stations in undw-teveloped countr...
...Edward Ney, senior vice president of the advertising agency, Young & Rubicam at an ABC Worldvision Symposium, May 1966, in Mexico City...
...Canal Once Televisi6n S.A...
...Gov't.-10...
...4 (also provides services for Ch...
...Time-Life's interests in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil became the focus of controversy in 1965 when conservative nationalist Carlos Lacerda attacked the Brazilian government for not acting on Time-Life's "unconstitutional" involvement in TV-Globo (no foreigners can own or participate in the administrative orientation of journalistic enterprises...
...If there were a society on this earth somewhere which would make full use of the highly developed techniques of communication of today for the sole purpose of its inhabitants' autonomous cultural needs, it would be an experience of a lifetime for us to visit there-for us who daily, even hourly, cannot escape from the onslaught, either subtle or crude, of modern commercialism in a capitalist society...
...ABC's leadership in the international field is, at first, difficult to explain, since it is not only financially weaker than CBS and NBC, but is also the least viewed of the three major U.S...
...5 (1959) Port-au-Prince, Haiti HRTG-TV...
...Media Empire in Latin America (with four pages of charts and tables...
...Quoted from Herbert I. Schiller's "The Hard Sell," The Nation, December 5, 1966...
...Management services involve everything from advising to actually establishing an entire television THE INDUSTRY'S STILL TALKING...
...The tendency of this concentration is to limit the range of views that get presented...
...Thomp 1.2 Y. R. 4.0 21 $2,533 650,000 URUGUAY McC-Erick $ .40 J.W...
...John's, Antigua, West Indies Ownership: CBS, Gov't., Rediffusion Ltd., Bermuda Broadcasting Co...
...dia corporations have a financial interest...
...When it comes to private companies, we figure that we operate on the same basis...
...The role ABC International has played in Latin America and the way it has organized and expanded its operations, epitomizes how media, television specifically, can be utilized to play handmaiden to the penetration, domination and eventual bastaidization of foreign economies by U.S...
...has political content...
...6) TeleTrece Ch...
...Pantel, Lima...
...4 (1954) Ch...
...Universidad Cat6lica Ch...
...Advertising Agency Abbreviations: F.C...
...media corporations have investments in television...
...Not in one country or on one continent, but all over...
...8 (1964...
...ABC International published a list of 31 companies which adverti;.-l through the Worldvision system and almost all do business in Central America...
...Ltd., Novelle Richards and Assocs...
...8 (1960) Aruba, Netherlands Antilles Curaqao, Netherland...
...Television de Norte S.A...
...The market for TV sets and other programming and transmitting equipment was becoming saturated...
...APPLICATION TO MAIL AT SECOND CLASS POSTAGE RATES IS PENDING AT NEW YK, N.Y.THE INDUSTRY SPEAKS FCR ITSEIF operated, directly or indirectly, by commercial interests which were initially concerned with keeping their enterprise solvent...
...Ownership: Time-Life Bdct.-20...
...During that decade, the television market in the United States was still expanding...
...Neither CBS nor NBC has gone into the international market on the scale of ABC...
...manufac- Cturers to new markets overseas have drawn - and, to some extent, pushed - U.S...
...The various underdeveloped countries are having to permit commercials because they can't afford a television system otherwise...
...media corporations that it was safa and fertile ground...
...Sig Mickelson, vice president of Time-Life Broadcast...
...The reason is clear...
...American Colonial Broadcasting Corp...
...corporations flocked down to take advantage of the new market...
...Finally, by the end of the 1950's and in the early 1960's the demand began to taper off...
...It is possible to foresee use of closed circuit television by major companies doing a worldwide business to link together their offices and affiliates in order to kick off a new sales campaign or to demonstrate a new product or to analyze a new marketing situation in the far corners of the world...
...Thomp- J. Walter Thompson Len & New - Lennen & Newell Y. & R. - Young & Rubicam MlcC-Erick - McCann-Erickson system, as the stations have to agree to accept programs and advertising chosen by ABC for prime-time viewing...
...Harold Anderson, director of management services for NBC, explaining his company's policy against investing in any goverment-owned communications system...
...13 (1960) Ch...
...II, No...
...Information Agency...
...Mestre was a leading businessman in Havana where he developed and controllZd most of Cuban television before the Revolution...
...7 Paso de Cortes, Mexico LATINO Telesistema Mexicana Ch...
...Broadcasting Corp...
...However, in spite of this disappointment, ABC Worldvision has continued to grow...
...13 (1963) (repeat Ch...
...Everywhere in the world vast new consumer economies offer a fabulous challenge...
...7 (1954) Ch...
...media corporations did not invest heavily during the early stages of Latin American television...
...alone, 690 firms engaged in 1,200 new overseas activities...
...From a report issued by the National Citizens Commission's Committee on Space meeting at the White House Conference on International Cooperation during the winter of 1965/66...
...Cadena Venezolana de Televiai6n Ch...
...fdver- tisin agencies into new and strange lands...
...B. $1.3 Grant Ken Eck 2.2 McC-Erick 5.6 J.W...
...Telesistema Ecuatoriano Ch...
...o-ring inflames nationalistic passions more quickly than the charge that Madison .'_ o controls the press or the broadcast media...
...Both companies are in good financial positions - earnings are up and assets are large ($670 million for CBS and $2,084 million for RCA which is NBC's parent corporation...
...Universidad Cat6lica Ch...
...5 (1959) Tegucigalpa, Honduras Hondurena S.A...
...U.S...
...9 (1958) Ch...
...Televisora de Costa Rica S.A...
...Television Magazine, October, 1966...
...La Cumbre Ch...
...YNSA-TV i. 6 (1961) Ch...
...Interview with QGur Sharif on Chel...
...Although the FCC had approved the merger twice during the two year attempt, the Department of Justice opposed it...
...companies in the TV market is Caracas, Venezuela...
...12 (1962-Repeats Ch...
...The local TV stations needed tlevi3ion equipment and technical assistance...
...Thomas Aitiken, Jr., vice president of McCann-Erickson, quoted from Peter Bart's article, "Madison Avenue: Expansion Fever" in Saturday Review, October 13, 1962...
...Department of Comaerce...
...13 (subsidiary of Venevision-Ch...
...ABC is attempting to create a single world-wide medium that an international advertiser can buy in a centralized way, while the advertising agencies are attempting to spread their services abroad to bring them closer to the variety of media around the world...
...ABC, through its television stations, is fostering an artificial consumerism which in most Third World countries should not be higher priority than educaton, health and basic economic development...
...Although CBS and NBC's overseas investments are not extensive, the facilities they do have tend to be in strategic areas...
...12 (1963) Aruba, Netherlands Antilles Operated by Bartell Media Corp...
...Gov't.-40% Ownership: Bartell-60...
...Cadena Venezolana de Televisi6n Buenos Aires, Argentina Caracas, Venezuela Ownership: Time-life Bdct.-20...
...Gov't.-40% NBC- TV Stations Radio Caracas (Radio and TV) CBC-TV- Radio arbados...
...Ralph Hetzel, executive vice president of the Motion Picture Association of America, in their Foreign Income of U.S...
...Simply stated, the economic need to expand into overseas markets did not exist for the television industry in the 1950's...
...4 (1958) Ponce, Puerto Rico Lima Peru INTER-AMERI CAN PUBLICATIONS- TV Stations WKAQ-TV...
...In addition, the merger would have insured ITT with a large buyer not only for satellite channels, but also for its own television equipment...
...TeleAruba Ch...
...C., O (1965) St...
...to be competitive and to get in now...
...Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisi6n (gov't-controlled and commercial) Ch...
...ast year Colgate-Palmolive showed 53% of its sales from overseas...
...K. - 1 11,000 MEXICO D'Arcy F.C...
...The development of a television system in Latin America went through different phases...
...In 1961, free world advertising expenditures amounted to well over 19 billion dollars...
...And this would be an awkward posii wcn indeed...
...Televisora Nacional S.A...
...From the trade magazine, Television Ae, July 1, 1968 (International Issue...
...Programming equipment, technical assistance and TV sets came from the United States...
...8), with the remaining 60% held by Goar Mestre and local investors...
...e look forward to the time when every nation, on every continent, welcomes television as an ambassador of world trade...
...announced in December, 1965...
...13 (1958) Santiago, Chile LATINO TV de Chile...
...Yet there is a real long-term Xener ~that, if present trends continue, American advertising men may find themselves in just this position in some countries...
...Radio-TV Guatemala S.A...
...10 Las Lajas, Mexico IATINO Telesistema Mexicana Ch...
...Moreover, since the funding of television broadcasting depends heavily on advertising, there exists among the few networks strong competition to tantalize the largest audience and therefore, any creative experimentation with television for social and cultural ends is stifled...
...and latin America, is concentrated in a few men and their corporations...
...private direct investment in the country (in millions...
...The second and perhaps more significant reason why these companies did not invest early in Latin American television is based more in the economic structure of the American capitalist system...
...Time-Life and CBS each hold 20% interest in the production company Provental (Ch...
...Listings include the station's c-al letters, owner, channel number, founding date and location, when available.-8ABC WCRLDVISION - TV STATIONS LS-84TV...
...CBS has production companies in uenos Aires, Caracas and Lima...
...A contract for installing a complete system usually runs for five years...
...Radio Santo Domingo TV Ch...
...of P.R...
...2Caracas) Caracas, Venezuela LATINO Ch...
...This group became known as the Central American TV Network (Cadena Centroamericana or CATVN...
...Source: Television Magazine, September and October, 1965...
...5) Siguatepeque, Honduras SHTV...
...It seems probably that the decision to go abroad was based on these limitations - that is, since the competition was so strong in the United States it would be more profitable to move into a market where the competition was less fierce...
...government officials and businessmen, the Central American countries agreed to form an economic common market...
...local business group)-10CBS- Production Co...
Vol. 2 • January 1969 • No. 9
