El Salvador - TV Covers the War
Jones, Rufus
Translator Gilberto Moran died Wednesday, April 29,1981. If you rely on television as your source of information about what's happening in El Salvador, you wouldn't know that. Nor would...
...Gilberto's wife, daughter and two younger brothers are now in the United States and are applying for political asylum...
...public from hearing the most articulate and representative people in El Salvador is overlooked...
...One crew wanders out into the countryside and is robbed...
...A veritable press office, complete with white flag, is set up behind and across the road from the soldiers...
...We leave with four jackets...
...We don't take chances with our men...
...In the distance we hear sporadic rifle fire...
...Staying Alive In The Field Some reporters seem to resent our journeys into the field...
...Clouds hanging low over the mountains will hinder the Air Force...
...During his address to the San Salvador Chamber of Commerce, a bomb threat is called in and we are told to keep the camera rolling in the event there is an explosion...
...the curious yet friendly way poor people approach me on the street and ask if I'm Cuban...
...The family was subjected to this harassment despite the personal condolences they had received from President Duarte on the death of their son "at the hands of guerrillas...
...We can either follow them or return to the 43update * update . update * update press area which is still under fire...
...Embassy in the hope that either the Right or the Left-which, is unimportant-will launch an attack while cameras are rolling...
...and the present director, a nun, wears street clothes instead of a habit, believing it makes her less of a target for right-wing assasins...
...As we arrive, we see a small unit of National Guardsmen crouched behind their vehicles...
...But we're leaving Monday, no, make that Thursday...
...I had accepted the objective possibility of my death as an almost accidental by-product of the war raging around me, but today's hostilities were too personal...
...If they decide to send a crew, I know we'll volunteer...
...A story has just broken that the Salvadorean government knows the identities of the killers of the four U.S...
...Several weeks later this story is verified...
...The commanding officer tells us that once we pass the roadblock we are traveling at our own risk...
...We are always several degrees removed from the real war...
...What Cuban would be caught walking around the streets of San Salvador...
...Nothing remarkable happens during the tour...
...The lieutenant's explanation is presented as if it is the gospel...
...Actually our greatest danger is getting drunk and falling in the pool...
...The bureau wants aerial footage for stories about the rainy season...
...Because she wants to remove the body, the funeral home is trying to extort more money...
...There are no secrets in this bureau, everyone knows exactly what's going on...
...I try to deal with the irrational core of my fears...
...We've been in El Salvador and know what's happening...
...politicians is considered a major story...
...When your thumbs are tied behind your body, immobilizing you...
...T-shirts bearing the slogan, "Periodista, no dispare...
...Every Sunday we attend mass in case there's an attempt on the life of the new archbishop...
...Neither does Ron...
...We pass two more roadblocks without incident...
...When there's a knock on the door and your name is called out, do you resist, take the easy bullet and forfeit the lives of your husband, wife, children, loved ones...
...To make matters worse, Ron and I have never been given press IDs...
...Embassy and requests an armed escort to the airport...
...Good for the popular forces...
...These blacks, I shit on them...
...Finally, A U.S...
...Someone remarks that we're interested in bodies only if they're white and English-speaking...
...One of the crews comes in with a report that there are one thousand refugees huddled in the rain near La Union...
...The Legal Aid Office of Archdiocese of San Salvador, which had originally reported the inciNovlDec 1981 dent, did not know precisely where the massacre had occurred and was not willing to name its source...
...As we drive past, the guard on my side gestures frantically for us to stop...
...A West Pointtrained lieutenant wants to make a personal appeal to the American public for continued aid in the struggle against communist tyranny...
...As we're getting out of the van, he runs up to me and begins screaming, "Where you from...
...English Only, Please Our first story with a reporter is on the great Salvadorean fertilizer shortage...
...Senators Christopher Dodd and Thomas Eagleton and Congressman Michael Barnes...
...Shortly after setting out, we encounter a roadblock manned by two National Guardsmen...
...With 10 other film and tape crews, we trail Defense Minister Jose Guillermo Garcia, believed to be the junta strongman, whenever he makes a public appearance...
...Even the pilot, an American, jumps into the act, telling Bourgeois he has nothing to fear from the lawabiding Salvadorean government and that he should stop delaying the other passengers...
...For the remainder of the trip I sit in the back of the van...
...As it starts to get dark, we come down from the hills...
...The next day we view the edited story about the incident that had shown in the States...
...There is no word for junior in Spanish...
...The names of Gilberto Moran and Joaquin Zuniga were not even mentioned...
...The producer who gives us these instructions immediately leaves the room...
...Back in the van, the reporter turns to me with a sneer to ask if I've had enough excitement for one day...
...So you go outside with them alone...
...He replies that the Army has to protect the food from theft by leftists and that eventually they will pass it on to La Bermuda, a nearby refugee camp...
...Everyone in the bureau insists they had told New York that the crew had gone alone and how could they have made such an error...
...Unwilling to go down into the ravine, he is waiting for the fire department to arrive and take the body out...
...Finally, the affiliate crew catches a panic and leaves the country...
...Immigration officials finally arrive and the police leave...
...The guards we had seen him NACLA Report 44update * update . update * update with in the airport have disappeared...
...I marvel at the beauty of this country-the volcanoes, rivers and fields that stretch on for miles...
...The police half drag, half cajole Bourgeois to the plane's doorway while Ron and the photographer run off to find a sympathetic immigration officer...
...The rest of us think this is pretty silly, considering that we are here to cover a military atrocity...
...I find myself wondering what you think about when they come for you in the middle of the night...
...he asks, and the children reply with the only English they know: "Hey you...
...The National Guard has never hidden its hostility toward the press, and this week they may have had a special motive...
...Following the death of Gilberto Moran, his family fled to Honduras...
...In the hospital, we talk to other members of the press who were present during the shooting...
...The next day there is a volley ball game, press versus U.S...
...Ron, the cameraman, and I, a soundman, have just arrived to begin working for a TV network news bureau...
...The weekend is coming, which means that the Salvadorean elite will be coming to the h6tel to party...
...After breakfast, go out and record the new crop of dead bodies...
...Having missed the nut, we are immediately sent back to get an interview with George Thurlow...
...He tells us that we are wasting our time...
...We had arranged to have the bulletproof jackets purchased and flown down from New York ourselves, and it had taken the bureau two weeks to pick them up from military headquarters...
...0 0) 0 m 1E a_ 0. 0. 0a ing room hangs a painting of grandfather, a former president of the republic...
...No More Hustle It's time to leave-before we've used up all our luck...
...We argue with the reporter that we should go further north...
...We do a final interview with their producer who refuses to answer any questions about why they hired Father Bourgeois or about their stopover in the Mexico City headquarters of the Democratic Revolutionary Front before coming to El Salvador...
...Transportation is provided and we are told that it is important for the bureau to have a presence...
...And when does the rain of blows begin...
...It's over...
...Even in the city, government forces are subjected to nightly sniper attacks...
...In Morazan, one such unit shot their commanding officer and went over to the popular forces...
...A few miles beyond the roadblock, the reporter stops the van to question some people waiting for a bus...
...A U.S...
...The only reason we are here is because the other networks are here...
...we're too close to the Army...
...Embassy official has come to take fingerprints...
...In fact, this reporter was 20 miles away at the hotel when the shooting took place...
...When the interview is completed he asks the reporter, "How did I come across, did I look sincere...
...Father Roy Bourgeois, who had reappeared at the U.S...
...The man he asks turns out to be a member of ORDEN, the civilian death squad...
...Since death is the only growth industry, there is intense competition for the bodies between the various funeral homes...
...Government Feeds Racism Returning to San Salvador, we take a different road thinking there may be fewer blown-up bridges that must be detoured...
...Instead, we are asked to take our camera gear with us on the departing flight...
...Former President Carter is a communist...
...Thursday morning and it's still raining...
...Our rough rule of thumb for dealing with the military is to seek out the regular Army units (and avoid the police and National Guard at all costs) because they are less likely to shoot us intentionally...
...This should have been obvious, since he has an M-1 and is wearing U.S...
...Victim There is an air of excitement inside the bureau which gradually turns to disappointment as we view the tape of the incident...
...We ride along the dirt roads encountering refugees, abandoned villages, camps and military units until we come to barricades we are unable to cross or roadblocks we are forbidden to cross...
...three doctors who provided free medical care to the refugees have been murdered...
...I'm sitting in my usual spot next to the driver, boring him with my attempts to speak Spanish...
...I have the fears...
...In place of our own names, the letter mentions another, longdeparted journalist...
...On the way we pass a National Guard commander who starts a familiar refrain, this time in Spanish: "Where are you from...
...As expected, it was mainly about the wounding of George Thurlow...
...The only photo IDs I have are a passport and a union card in a country where unions are illegal...
...Perhaps in response to this, a staff reporter proposes that we go to Morazan province, where the heaviest fighting is taking place, to investigate a claim that the Army has massacred 1,500 fleeing peasants...
...That this prevents the U.S...
...Of course it isn't aired...
...On landing, we find three holes in the nose of the plane...
...and every peasant has the wherewithal to live lives as opulent as theirs, only ignorance keeps them in their misery...
...The people living there have fled or been imprisoned...
...The bureau chief goes to great lengths to assure us of our comfort and safety...
...All we know is that the incident occurred somewhere in the mountains along the Honduran border...
...After listening for a while, he looks up from his desk and says, "You're probably right...
...No one leaves unless they absolutely must...
...military advisor, a right-wing coup or the arrest of the killer of the four American missionaries...
...We are told that the best received piece on Salvador was a story on how people still enjoy the beautiful beaches in the midst of a civil war...
...He comes back and sits down in his seat...
...The police re-enter, cursing at Bourgeois for having tricked them...
...The arrival of the U.S...
...Consequently, our view of what's happening outside and the danger to us becomes greatly distorted...
...No one cares about the war or dead bodies...
...Incredible rumors spread among the press corps that Bourgeois was handed over to a death squad by the CIA or that he has been killed by the Left after they finished using him...
...Embassy the day before, may be on board...
...About 30 miles further on, we are again stopped by the National Guard...
...He agrees to send it if we'll write the narration...
...We seem safe from the war...
...Work is beginning to settle into a NovlDec 1981 39update * update . update * update routine...
...Dutifully, the reporter goes off to report to the military authorities...
...Accustomed to being waved on as soon as our press markings are recognized, the van barely slows down...
...Where are you from...
...That night we are told that since we don't have shots of all the bodies together, we missed the story...
...When a blindfold is slipped over your head taking away the darkness of night...
...The road to the village was cut out of these hills which tower over it on either side, a perfect place for an ambush...
...Bourgeois tells the police that he will go with them if they allow him to get his bag first...
...the weekly interview with President Duarte...
...Salvadorean President Jose Napoleon Duarte is a socialist...
...I compose the tamest piece'l can manage: the camp houses over 1,200 people of whom more than half are children...
...Surrounded by maids, the coffee planter and his wife expound on their political views...
...Once again the driver intervenes, this time by making a joke, and we are allowed to leave...
...When we board the plane, Father Bourgeois is already there, and we take the seats in front of him...
...I am struck by the fact that if this body had been thought to be Salvadorean, it would have been left to the maggots and dogs to finish their work...
...Poolside War Stories The hotel is the bunker for the press corps...
...It's almost the end of our fifth and all we hear is, "Won't you stay for just a few more days...
...Dodd and Barnes are reasonably sympathetic to the revolutionary aspirations of the Nicaraguan people while Eagleton plays the stereotypical politician, shaking hands and kissing babies whenever the camera rolls...
...This time I am forced to stand alone with my hands up...
...The next morning we cover our 38 first story, the monsters who operate at night...
...Ron's usual ploy is to get him talking about his experiences in Vietnam where he had been Saigon bureau chief for a number of years...
...Of course I'm not Cuban...
...Usually we go to Cuscatlan or Chalatenango provinces, north of San Salvador...
...However, he is still recovering from surgery and cannot be disturbed...
...We drive into the middle of a small village where he gets out, walks over to the first person he sees, and asks about the massacre...
...When a rag is stuffed down your throat drowning out even your screams...
...The officer from the garrison who had reluctantly given us permission to travel north, has raced ahead to warn his commanding officer of our approach...
...Later, he tells a group of Nicaraguan businessmen that listening to the governing junta is like listening to Fidel Castro Junior...
...Satisfied that I am not Cuban, he informs us that one member of the press corps has been killed and two others wounded...
...Their importance is based solely on their ability to speak English, thereby providing what American TV cherishes most in a foreign land, an English-speaking sound bite...
...When we screen the tape in the office that evening, we suggest that we return to La Bermuda the next day with a reporter to get a statement from the camp director...
...I am overwhelmed by the misery...
...Ron and I are filming these soldiers when heavy firing begins...
...Putting on my brightest smile, I begin to chant, "United States, Estados Unidos...
...I try to talk him into it: "Listen, the New York press is going to be hostile...
...He has spent the past 10 days with poor peasants in the liberated zones...
...After a four-hour drive, we arrive in San Francisco Gotera, the provincial capital...
...Initially we are told that two jackets are enough for a van with four people...
...We had made the mistake of filming the war instead of the wounded American...
...The story is a big success with the network...
...The story is never mentioned again...
...We know La Bermuda, a miserable camp containing 800 starving children and perhaps 400 adults...
...Of course not...
...A Macabre Scoop The next day, the bodies of 30 people are found on one street in Soyapango...
...Yo tengo miedo...
...We go up in a six-seater plane...
...All the affiliate stations are sending their star correspondents down in search of the sensational...
...The plane makes two, three, four passes over the bridge spanning the Lempa River...
...Embassy Marine Guards...
...The subjects of our report are a coffee plantation owner and his wife...
...The next day, the reporter receives a "herogram" from New York and a phone call from a network vice president telling him he's putting his life in too much danger...
...From my position (under a jeep across the road from the press area) most of the shooting seems to come from the opposite hill, supposedly cleared, and is directed at the press area...
...A Disappearing Act The biggest story is the disappearance of Father Roy Bourgeois, a Maryknoll hired as a translator by a Chicago-based affiliate station...
...It's a warmer salutation than I received from a TV executive when I left New York: "See you when you get back, if you get back...
...Journalist, Don't Shootl" After four weeks in Salvador, we finally receive our flak jackets...
...When we return to San Salvador, it's rating time back in the States...
...The dirt roads will soon be impassable and the Army will lose its mobility...
...A Guardsman mutters, "Estos negros, me cago en ellos...
...Etc., etc...
...After he finishes his NACLA Report 40update update update update .0 0, 0 M CO a, 0.La !E CL The Salvadoreans are dependent on international food donations, aid which is sometimes pilfered by the military...
...This is a scene I am to witness virtually every day: thumbs torn off,ribs caved in, and always, a mutilated face...
...free-lance photographer, we try to intervene...
...He's probably a guerrilla," I hear from a nearby table, accompanied by hostile stares...
...Suddenly, some Salvadorean plainclothes police a rrive and try to force Bourgeois off the plane...
...The bodies of their victims are randomly distributed throughout the streets of San Salvador-bodies of poor people, leftists, church people, intellectuals and people who just had the misfortune to be caught outside after curfew...
...I quickly realize that whenever anyone speaks in Spanish, I don't have to worry too much about sound quality because it will never be aired anyway...
...You wouldn't know because TV news directors have decided that you aren't interested in the day-to-day terror of the Salvadorean people...
...You can't use subtitles on the news," I'm told...
...The pilot walks away without speaking...
...We also know that not only is the Army denying them food but periodically enters the camp, accuses some refugees of being leftist, takes them out and shoots them...
...Only Ron and a few Salvadorean drivers and translators are there from the press corps...
...pulling stakeouts in front of the U.S...
...When the plane lands in Belize I ask Bourgeois to grant us an interview...
...His words are made even more menacing by the smiling group of Salvadorean Special Forces soldiers that surrounds us...
...A body has been found at the end of a long dark forest ravine, too bloated and decomposed to be visually indentified...
...A Salvadorean free-lance news crew has arrived before us and more journalists are expected...
...Consequently there is a nationwide NACLA Reportupdate * update . update * update shortage just when the large plan- tation owners need it the most...
...For our protection, the bureau has provided us with a four-month-old letter from the Salvadorean military press officer requesting field commanders to render assistance to this representative of the foreign press...
...Midway through his reminiscence, his eyes would glaze over and he would give us permission to go wherever we wanted...
...spiel--"We need more non-lethal aid such as flares so we won't have to kill so many innocent civilians when we fight at night,"--we ask him why the Army is stockpiling food donations...
...Joaquin Zuniga and George Thurlow have been wounded...
...The story was billed as an eyewitness account by a particular reporter "upfront" with the military...
...And so this terror carried out by our ostensible allies goes unreported...
...It seems that, due to an oversight, State Department experts neglected to include fertilizer in their economic aid package...
...We run behind the Guardsmen, leaving them to join a regular Army unit at the first opportunity...
...I remind myself that they hate the entire press corps...
...We hide the letter whenever we enter an area controlled by the popular forces...
...Anyone can kill but this is truly the work of monsters...
...Now that we are really leaving, I don't want to go...
...This doesn't stop our reporter, who tries to bully the hospital staff into letting us film Thurlow's unconscious body...
...The only stories considered worthwhile are an attack on the U.S...
...Ten miles past the roadblock, the reporter insists that we stop again...
...Real News-Local Fauna According to the bureau chief, there are no stories here...
...As the firing continues, the National Guard begins an assault in the opposite direction from where the shooting is coming...
...Only one of the networks arrives early enough to film the bodies lying together in a heap before they are removed...
...Little do I know that this is probably the best organized camp in El Salvador...
...Feel free to refuse any assignment you think is too dangerous...
...We're going to Nicaragua to cover a tour by U.S...
...Nor would you know about the 30 people found tortured and shot in the head at close range on one street in one day in San Salvador...
...He immediately leaves for the U.S...
...Gilberto Moran, a Salvadorean, is dead...
...I hadn't noticed...
...It's no longer a story...
...We never go out after curfew...
...The other passengers ignore us, burying their heads in their newspapers...
...On the wall of their spacious livSearch & destroy missions have pushedpeasants into Honduran refugee camps...
...His entire body is shaking nervously...
...are in great demand...
...Later that week, we are sent to film what is thought to be the body of the missing Father Bourgeois...
...Other incidents that I've dismissed come to mind: the infantry captain on the Guazapa Volcano who does a double take when he sees me and says he has been fighting a black man all morning...
...In Suchitoto, the military headquarters for Cuscatlan province, we film soldiers unloading trucks full of food donations from the United States and Canada intended for refugees...
...The translator has difficulty interpreting this...
...Soyapango is surrounded by steep hills densely covered with underbrush...
...I force myself to look and listen (and smell) every atrocity...
...We spend an uncomfortable half hour under armed guard while they search for someone who can read our IDs...
...That weekend, funeral services are held for Gilberto Moran...
...Update: Since this article was written, the refugee camp, La Bermuda, has been destroyed by the Army...
...We are told by so many people that they were riding in the jeep when lan Mates, the South African cameraman, was killed that Ron jokes that it couldn't have been a jeep, it must have been a Greyhound bus...
...Later, we try to talk the chief into doing a story about the camp...
...Officers invariably read this with disdain and, in one commander's view, albeit a minority view, all journalists should be shot...
...Embassy, the death of a U.S...
...The city was captured by the popular forces during the January offensive after heavy fighting with government troops and still shows extensive damage...
...Burnt out stillphotographers sit down with tieand-jacketed executive producers to swap stories about the dangers we face...
...religious women...
...He issues a not so subtle threat that the guerrillas might kill us, or his men might kill us and that he, personally, couldn't care less...
...Managua-A Welcome Refuge Saved...
...Another rough rule of thumb is that the Army tends to be more lawless the further it is from San Salvador...
...Throats cut so deeply that when the body is moved, the head dangles from a few unsevered muscles...
...These units, composed of poor peasant conscripts, sometimes show by 41update * update . update * update word and deed their distaste for the war...
...I see our driver treating a U.S...
...I wonder it it's not the other way around...
...We'll ask more sympathetic questions...
...Another crew is rightly pissed off at their producer for turning on a sun gun (battery operated light) Nov/Dec 1981 one night during a firefight so they can do a standup with their ace reporter...
...Journalist, don't shoot...
...Nevertheless, every evening before sunset, the bar fills up and the war stories begin...
...Someone mentioned that Joaquin Zuniga, the wounded Salvadorean photographer, claims to have been shot by National Guardsmen...
...the agrarian reform program stole their land...
...In Chalatenango province, the Army holds only Chalatenango City and maybe the paved road to San Salvador during the daytime...
...And the only reason anybody is here is because of alleged communist support for the popular forces...
...For the next two days the most profound depression sets in at two of the networks-not because 30 lives have been destroyed, but because they have been scooped...
...This is a subtle way of telling us that we shouldn't bother with getting jackets for our Salvadorean driver and translator...
...In the words of the chief: "It was a good try, but you missed the nut...
...I brought them back with me from Morazan province...
...Despite her grief, as she leaves with the body she smiles and thanks us...
...He tells the driver in Spanish, "A black man just shot at me and he looked like him...
...Editors are flown in and satellite time is booked...
...In Cuscatlan, the military claims to be on the offensive, forcing the popular forces to leave their strongholds on the Guazapa Volcano and near Lake Embalse Cerron Grande...
...On our last run, just as we are over the bridge, someone opens fire with a machine gun...
...No matter how much she offers, it's not enough...
...The driver steps in and assures him I am American and the gun drops to his side...
...Occasionally, above the roar of the crowd, you can hear the crackle of automatic weapons or an exploding bomb-reminders of the war going on outside that nobody covers...
...We originally agreed to come to El Salvador for three weeks...
...Finally someone decides that we probably aren't "foreign mercenaries" and we are told to leave...
...The rains are starting to fall...
...Welcome to San Salvador," reads the airport sign...
...Finally, I think about the peasant in the countryside who places his brown arm next to my NACLA Reportupdate * update . update * update black one and murmurs, "lo mismo" (the same), and my fears recede...
...Since there are no assignments, we ask permission to go to a nearby refugee camp...
...No one seems to have given any thought to the tape's condition if there had been an explosion, much less the crew's...
...Her pain immobilizes me, suffocates me...
...Not being able to take it any longer, Ron and I make up the difference...
...No escuela today...
...A poor woman finds her daughter's body while we are filming...
...Needless to say, we aren't provided with a letter for them...
...We will soon see much worse...
...Until now I have regarded the hysteria whipped up by the local press about black (read Cuban) soldiers fighting with the popular forces as amusing example of anti-revolutionary propaganda...
...journalist for what appears to be a superficial wound...
...Staging The News We're constantly hassling the chief to let us go into the field even though all the networks have said they're not interested in covering the war...
...It is suggested that if we want to do something that has a chance of making the air, we should go up to the San Salvador Volcano and do a nature study-sunlight filtering through tree branches, exotic birds-because the person in charge of the Sunday morning news is a bird lover...
...Finally, they invite us to see their Japanese flower garden...
...Being in Managua is almost like a vacation: no roadblocks, no dead bodies in the street, no death squad that comes knock, knock, knocking in the middle of the night...
...Observers say they now hold 25 % of Salvadorean territory...
...Together with a U.S...
...In the afternoon, we respond to a report on the military radio of a firefight in progress in Soyapango...
...We tell the chief of our suspicions that the Army is stealing donated food...
...On the way back to the hotel, we learn the names of the dead and wounded...
...His commanding officer obligingly rounds up some townspeople so that we can film the Army handing out food to "refugees...
...No story is too expensive as long as it makes the air," says the chief...
...The truth of this soon becomes apparent...
...The tape of the Army unloading the food is used in a story about the Army's support for the refugee population...
...The De Oro bridge over the Lempa River, connecting the eastern provinces with the rest of the country, has been destroyed by the popular forces...
...Ron and I are sent to several funeral homes to film bodies awaiting identification...
...Of course no one will say anything...
...the American people aren't interested...
...The reporter avoids us...
...We are, after all, their social inferiors...
...We go straight to the refugee camp...
...Three miles north of San Francisco Gotera, we encounter a military roadblock...
...Before proceeding, we stop at the hotel to pick up the flak jackets...
...It's as real as the woman standing in front of me, staring at her daughter's mutilated body and crying, "No es political" (She's not political...
...He responds that he has promised his superiors not to say anything until he arrives in New York...
...Ron says they weren't there before...
...They were followed there by Nov/Dec 1981 Salvadorean police who searched their house and accused Gilberto of having worked for the popular forces...
...Bourgeois smiles and looks me in the eyes and I can't hustle him anymore...
...military jungle 42 boots, and we are arrested...
...He had been hired by Thurlow two days earlier as a translator...
...Permission is granted reluctantly with the admonition that, "We've done a hundred refugee stories...
...Abstract talk about military advisors, nonlethal aid and authoritarian versus totalitarian regimes somehow doesn't translate into human flesh and blood...
...If his men had committed the massacre, they surely would have hidden the evidence by now...
...The officer misreads my passport stamp and declares I've entered the country illegally...
...Furthermore, it is reported that the killers are not Treasury Police as commonly believed, but National Guardsmen...
Vol. 15 • November 1981 • No. 6
