AID's Public Safety Program (document)
A.I.D. ASSISTANCE TO CIVIL SECURITY FORCES Security forces in a given country can be categorized in two groups: the military forces (assistance to which is the concern of MAP) and the civil...
...PUBLIC SAFETY PROGRAMS LATIN AMERICA EAST ASIA Brazil Korea Chile Laos Colombia Philippines Costa Rica Thailand Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Giatemala Houas Congo (Kinshasa) Guana Liberia Jamaica Panama Somali Republic Panama Peru Tunisia Uruguay Venezuela NEAR EAST/SOUTH ASIA VIETNAM Jordan Pakistan Vietnam Saudi Arabia from A.I.D...
...Public Safety assistance and recipient police forces cannot prevent coups or guarantee that communism will not seriously disrupt orderly development...
...The programs are coordinated in the field by the Country Team and in Washington by interagency program reviews...
...At the present time Public Safety Advisors are providing police assistance in 27 countries (see list of countries - Annex A...
...municipal, rural policing...
...the largest police assistance is in Vietnam...
...Clearly, this progress and this goal will not be attainable if law and order is replaced by disorder and violence...
...This is a remarkable record in view of the generally high turnover in the public service that has characterized some of the developing countries...
...and (2) encouraging the development of responsible and humane police administration and judicial procedure to improve the effectiveness of civil police and paramilitary forces, and enable them to become more closely integrated into the community...
...assistance to foreign police is a carefully balanced program of technical advice, training and equipment...
...In most countries this is a responsibility of the police -- using the term "police" in the broad sense to include various agencies of government, such as carabinieri, gendarmerie, constabulary, etc., where they exist...
...The earlier the police can meet such threats the less it will cost in money and manpower and the less interruption will occur in the vital process of development...
...On the contrary, this assistance is carefully designed to avoid such23 situations...
...police instruction training...
...criminal and security investigative activities, through domestic/foreign intelligence...
...Successful discharge of this responsibility is imperative if a nation is to establish and maintain the environment of stability and security so essential to economic, social, and political progress, and to attain the goal of free, stable, independent and self-reliant government...
...It is either not offered or it is withdrawn or altered according to inter-departmental evaluation of developments in each country...
...The Public Safety program is regarded today as one of the more effective and less costly means of pursuing U.S...
...border control...
...The assistance is relatively inexpensive...
...through the Public Safety program which began under ICA in 1954...
...The balance of this paper is excerpted from testimony before a Senate Committee by former Administrator Bell describing the A.I.D...
...This is the function of the A.I.D...
...Individual Public Safety programs, while varying from country to country, are focused in general on developing within the civil security forces a balance of (1) a capability for regular police operations, with (2) an investigative capability for detecting and identifying criminal and/or subversive individuals and organizations and neutralizing their activities, and with (3) a capability for controlling militant activities ranging from demonstrations, disorders, or riots through small-scale guerrilla operations...
...Public Safety programs have the objectives of (1) strengthening the capability of civil police and paramilitary forces to enforce the law and maintain public order with the minimum use of physical force, and to counter Communist-inspired or exploited subversion and insurgency...
...Civil security forces are assisted by A.I.D...
...This requires a carefully integrated effort between the investigative element and the regular police, paramilitary or military force, operating separately or in conjunction with each other...
...The Public Safety programs place us in a close professional relationship with over a million police throughout the world...
...By such immediate responses, the United States demonstrates that governments do not stand alone when they face the challenge of terrorism and riots which threaten their social and economic development...
...Public Safety Program which began in 1954...
...Public Safety assistance does not and will not include costly, complicated weapons and other items...
...We, in the United States, do not relate police activities to the far-reaching authority and jurisdiction encompassed by most police or security forces in other countries of the world...
...The police are frequently better trained and equipped than the military to deal with minor forms of violence, conspiracy and subversion...
...Public Safety programs are always preceded by an on-the-scene study by qualified technicians to determine requirements and there is constant evaluation of progress and appropriateness of progress once undertaken...
...Police assistance is not given to support dictatorships or forces which act in a fashion which is inimical to U.S...
...advisors, training of a limited number of selected personnel and small amounts of equipment...
...investigative techniques, including scientific and technical aids...
...has given increased emphasis to the Public Safety program...
...Over 90 per cent of more than 3,000 graduates from the Academy thus far have remained in police service where they can use and disseminate the knowledge gained from their attendance...
...Since November 1962, following intensive interagency study and pursuant to Presidential directive, A.I.D...
...However, public safety assisted police forces have done and can do much to prevent conspiracy and the development of disruptive situations, and to insure an environment of law and order which supports the orderly social, economic and political development of emerging nations...
...The training of foreign police officers has been centralized and placed firmly under U.S...
...regulatory administrative functions, such as licensing/control of manufacture and movement of goods and a host of other activities...
...Among the responsibilities of the foreign police we are assisting, are approximately 20 identifiable police functions ranging from off-shore law enforcement (Coast Guard activities...
...Moreover, the police are a most sensitive point of contact between government and people, close to the focal points of unrest, and more acceptable than the army as keepers of order over long periods of time...
...Inadequate or unsatisfactory performance or any misuse of assistance by recipient nations is quickly detected and remedial action taken...
...Plainly, the United States has very great interests in the creation and maintenance of an atmosphere of law and order under humane, civil concepts and control, and in countering Communist efforts in all forms...
...interests...
...basic police operations...
...interests in many situations...
...advisor frequently assists and trains in more than one nation...
...It is based on the premise that, to maintain internal order, local governments depend primarily on their police and gendarmerie, supported as necessary by the army...
...Stress is laid on self-help and adherence to objectives which the U.S...
...Programs are initiated and continued only after interagency consultation...
...This training includes instruction in the concepts and principles of police organization, administration and management...
...CGovernment control...
...Through technical advice and training, influential leadership of these forces is being directed toward higher standards of democratic and humane police administration, and toward more effective action against Communist subversion...
...The programs, which are carefully tailored to the needs of the individual countries, are in most cases limited to a few U.S...
...Public Safety Program...
...Program and Project Data Presentations...
...and internal security subjects...
...Maintenance of law and order including internal security is one of the fundamental responsibilities of government...
...ASSISTANCE TO CIVIL SECURITY FORCES Security forces in a given country can be categorized in two groups: the military forces (assistance to which is the concern of MAP) and the civil security (police) forces which in addition to regular police include paramilitary units within civil police organizations and paramilitary forces such as gendarmerie, constabularies, and civil guards which perform police functions and have as their primary mission maintaining internal security...
...interests...
...customs, immigration...
...In the pursuit of these programs, there are about 400 Public Safety Advisors - 195 of whom are in Vietnam - whose activities cover every civil security function...
...This is especially true in the small nations in Africa where one U.S...
...interest requires...
...Most of this training is provided by our advisors in the separate countries...
...The police constitute the first line of defense against subversion and terrorism...
...In the United States, training is provided by the International Police Academy located in Washington...
...Results have been most gratifying...
...Many of the Academy graduates have been promoted and/or given more responsible assignments...
...The Public Safety and MAP programs have mutually supporting objectives of counterinsurgency...
...In order to deal with the dynamics of internal security situations, the Public Safety program has developed and utilized methods to deliver to threatened countries, in a matter of days, urgently needed assistance including equipment, training and technical advice...
...When there is a need, technical assistance to the police of developing nations to meet their responsibilities promotes and protects these U.S...
...Communist22 subversion, terrorism, and insurgency typically strive to break dwn law and order and internal security...
Vol. 4 • September 1970 • No. 5
