New world order II

...They urged policy makers to "get on the fight side of history" and accept the inevitability and at times even the desirability of revolutions in the developing world...

...Plaza, the Institute shares a building with such like-minded organizations as the Movement for a Better World, the International Affairs Committee of the World Council of Churches, the Esperantic Studies Foundation, The International Peace Academy and the Jane Addams Peace Association...

...Clearly, we cannot recreate postwar American supremacy...

...Gillies, who worked for Nelson Rockefeller for ten years and then for John Hay Whitney, later went on to help establish Barry Commoner's Citizens Party...

...As a White House aide put it, "If we spend all our time jawboning against the Soviet Union, we're going to have real problems convincing the American people that the Russians can be trusted...

...A second blow to East-West amity came when the CIA was forced to revise sharply upward its estimates of Soviet military expenditures made in the early seventies...

...When the Soviets invaded, the president felt betrayed and over-reacted...

...In the manner of the Wall Streeters and businessmen grown increasingly critical of the war, their muted discussions eschewed expressions of moral outrage let alone frontal assaults on American imperialism...

...to turn to economic competition in its struggle with the Soviets...

...It is left, then, to the poor people to work for basic reforms in the country, with whatever allies they can gather...

...Unfortunately, the alternatives have one by one been removed by the fight and left, like chess players moving quickly through the opening moves of a match to get to the essential struggle -- as they perceive it...

...Some important distinctions have to be made, though...

...This simply doesn't make sense...

...Exaggerated hopes, however benign their source, have been consistently disastrous, from the illusions of 1944-46, to the overselling of ddtente in the seventies and Carter's rhetoric about how he and Brezhnev had bar"similar goals and aspirations...

...Of several minds: John Garvey FAITH 8E FANATICISN HOW TRUTH BECOMES AN EXCUSE FOR MURDER A COUPLE OF friends, both involved in politics, were sitting in my living room...

...Differentiating himself from Kissinger, candidate Carter told the New York Times, "We must replace balance-of-power politics with world-order politics . . . . Issues of war and peace will be more a function of economic and social problems than of military security problems which have dominated international relations.., since WWII...

...Most people were ordinary men and women whom no one organized...

...It was in 1978, as Thomas Powers points out, that the U.S...

...It will be made up mostly of the poor with some sympathizers from the upper classes and the church, and it will depend for its organization and 8lan on the leftists...

...The Soviets, viewing Carter from the backdrop of Vietnam and Watergate, the growing anti-military mood in America and the president' s own rhetoric, assumed that Carter had no choice but to silently accept their incursions...

...W HAT THEN do the millions of poor and lower-middle-class Filipinos do ? They do the best they can within the narrow limits laid down for them by the U.S...

...For the most part, however, the journal's critique of Reagan, although compelling, is standard fare...

...A third blow, according to Powers, came in the summer of 1978 when Soviet heavy missile tests in Siberia demonstrated, in the words of one dove, that "it could no longer be denied that the Russians were deliberately building a first-strike war-winning weapon...

...he helped negotiate the largely peaceful Rhodesian settlement...

...He has lived in the Philippines for twenty-four years...

...Located appropriately enough at U.N...

...Kristol did it...

...The post-Afghanistan mood was captured in a Feiffer cartoon...

...Ultimately it will follow the road down which the leftists point, though the huge crowd in the moonlight was gentle and showed absolutely no desire for violent solutions...

...Shwenninger voiced considerable admiration for the now waning German Greens, and the first issue carded an article by board member Alan Wolfe asking "Why Is There No Green Party in the U.S...

...FRED SIEGEL (Fred Siegel is the author of Troubled Journey: From Pearl Harbor to Ronald Reagan, just published by Hill and Wang...

...Vietnam had shown that force was often irrelevant, and the superpowers could no longer impose themselves on the former colonial world...

...George Kennan used the pages of Foreign Affairs to lay out the doctrine of dontainment which became the guiding creed of the nation's foreign policy establishment...

...They are simply amateurs abroad in this modern society, easily rounded up as allies by the most respectable group, the businessmen...

...Fiercely and fundamentally devoted to free trade, the magazine has intelligently focused on another emerging issue, the loss of skilled jobs to overseas competition...

...At a time when newscasts were filled with Iranian denunciations of the Great Satan, Feiffer's character says: "it's Historically False To Libel The Vietnamese Revolution Because Of The Drowning Boat People "It's Historically False To Libel The Kampuchean Revolution Because Of The Starving Refugees "It's Historically False To Libel The Iranian Revolution Because Of The Embassy Hostages "An Objective Historical Analysis Proves That Only One Country Deserves Blame And That's America "And Do You Know Why...

...The success of this opposition will depend on the wisdom of the left...

...II negotiations, everything went off track...

...If the poor were organized into effective democratic labor unions and peasant organizations, some moderate solution might still be possible...

...When Foreign Policy began, it boasted that it had "no institutional memory...

...F"'" ""' " 'lt ' ti " orelgn p o l i c y a erna v e s NEW WORLD ORDER II BUT WHAT ABOUT THE RUSSIANS...

...If they are, they will have their way in the end...

...World Policy doesn't have that luxury...

...Presumably Stanley Hoffmann will have to be included among the semi- " sick" since he concludes that the Carter and Reagan hawks would not have prevailed if World Policy's great unmentionable, "Soviet behavior," had not appeared to vindicate the Cold Warriors...

...The same thing is true of the Arab-Israeli conflict...

...Perhaps one young girl spoke for them when she told me she came because she wants freedom _9 and democracy...

...An Armenian woman who had lived in jerusalem praised Hitler to me once, and hinted that Jews were worthy of death because of their religious obstinacy...

...In the angry, overheated days of the early 1970s when the Cambodia invasion and Kent State clash threatened what Spiro Agnew called "positive polarization," the Foreign Policy writers, many of whom hoped for a post in future Democratic administrations, struck a moderately liberal tone...

...They seemed to be seeking the sort of advantage Kissinger had described as a thing of the past...

...If it cannot distinguish between the need to negotiate with Cuba and serving as apologists for Castro, its influence will be short lived...

...To put this vision in place, Thomas Hughes, president of the Carnegie Endowment proposed a new "liberal-populist governing" alliance which would look "inward to redistributing the affluence of an inequitable America" and "outward to a constructive new American accommodation with mankind...

...The guiding force behind the magazine and the Institute's outreach efforts is Arch Gillies...

...WE'RE INFIDELS...

...This "declining middle problem" is discussed in the second issue by Barry Bluestone (author of Deindustrializing America) and Seamus O'Cleiracain...

...By 1978 there Was little doubt that the Soviets,had been engaged in a massive arms buildup all through the period of dttente...

...Plans for a new relationship with the third world were derailed by fears that the Soviets would take advantage of the Iranian revolution...

...POLICY, whose first issue appeared in the fall of 1983 hopes to play the same catalytic role in a new (and for them preferably a Gary Hart) Democratic administration that Foreign Policy played in the early Carter years.The journal is the brainchild of the World Policy Institute, a nonprofit educational organization whose roots go back to the postWorld War II interest in World Federalism...

...doesn't reduce to a disagreement b e - This is true enough, as far as it goes...

...Further there are deep personal and political differences among them...

...He bristled when I pointed out that indiscriminate support of revolutions carries its own burdens as in the case of Iran, where Richard Falk, a central force behind the journal's creation, had been, for a while, an outspoken apologist for Khomeini...

...Finally Shwenninger says that while Foreign Policy preached equanimity toward third-world revolutions, World Policy will be far more supportive...

...Like Gary Hart, whom Gillies has referred to favorably, Shwenninger claims that the journal transcends left-fight distinctions...

...Then, in the wake of thelranian hostage crisis and alarmed by reports of a Soviet build-up on the Afghan border, Carter issued five separate warnings to the Soviets...

...It has to live with the "other" lessons of Vietnam...

...The militarization of Central American diplomacy, the lack of progress in arms control, the continuing support for repressive third-world regimes, all come under scrutiny in the first two numbers...

...They have no professional staff to prepare position papers for the meetings or to follow up on decisions made, no secretariat that can deal with day-to-day problems...

...The legitimacy of the Western governments, she argues, is dependent on the threat of the Russians -- "the threat of the other," -- so that when intra-allied tension over trade threatened to get out of hand, the West had to create a new Russian menace...

...Tutored in a "world order" perspective by Trilaterialist Zbigniew Brzezinski, the Georgia governor who had once been a staunch supporter of Lieutenant Calley absorbed the ideas of the new creed...

...There are exceptions, but those have never thought of organizing to influence the larger body of bishops and presenting a common and consistent position based on the Gospel and the church's social teaching...

...but it also featured newer "Vietnam generation" analysts like Leslie Gelb, Richard Moose, and Anthony Lake, all of whom were to end upin or near the Carter administration...

...Driven by paranoia, their fear of disorder forced them to conjure up threatening Soviet behavior where none existed, or at least none that Sanders can think of...

...tween forms of monotheism...

...It was a message long overdue and Carter scored some notable successes...

...The project's first report, due out in June, is aimed at influencing Commonweal: 264 the Democratic Platform Committee and Democrats on the Hill, with a wide range of detailed proposals on disarmament and arms control...

...The problem, as Jim Carrol understates it in It Seemed Like Nothing Happened, his left-liberal history of the seventies, is 4 May 1984: 265 that Carter's conciliatory gestures -- the cancellation of the B-1, the hesitation on the neutron bomb, the willingness to bargain away the cruise .-- "brought few Soviet concessions...

...Most of the marchers were farmers, sunburned and exhausted after their journeys...

...There are lines in the Torah which conAt the same time, religion is involved tradict the behavior of Israelites in the in thesedisputes...

...Leftist underground groups were more prominent in the rally's organization than they had been in the past...

...But some apparent strengths of the administration, its emphasis on human fights and North-South as opposed to East-West relations, created problems for SovietAmerican relations...

...Foreign Policy devoted itself to the "lessons of Vietnam...

...it published some of the increasingly dovish members of the old foreign policy 4 May 1984: 263 elite like Paul Warnke and Townsend Hoopes, and it carded articles by established critics like Richard Barnet and Stanley Hoffmann...

...President Carter set the tone of his foreign policy with his now famous May 1977 Notre Dame speech where he called upon the country to put aside the "inordinate fear of Communism" which had led us to embrace rapacious fight-wing dictators...

...The need felt by Jews for a homeland, especially after the attempted extermination of European Jewry and the murder of millions, the injustices done to Palestinians who were expelled to make room for Jewish settlers, the continuing violence -- this cism, the children's crusade...

...W ORLD...

...DENIS MURPHY (Denis Murphy is the Assistant Executive Secretary of the Office for Human Development of the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conference...

...While the magazine's "world order" perspective is fundamentally similar to that of Foreign Policy in its formative years, there are, Shwenninger told me, some important differences...

...Now after three years of a re-militarized foreign policy, Seyom Brown, writing in a new magazine, Worm Policy, tells u s , " Many who were in the vanguard of the alternative worldview in the early and mid-seventies may be ready once again to champion that alternative with greater conviction...

...Sometimes I wonder whether religion isn't more a cause of evil and division than a cure," one said...

...The prtmiere issue contains an original and tightly argued article by Laurence Radway, a contributor to Foreign Policy, on how the U.S...

...Considerations of establishing diplomatic relations with Cuba and Vietnam were upset by the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and Cuban adventures in Africa...

...There were no church groups among the coalition members and very few sisters or priests at the rally...

...Protestants inNorthern historic books and the behavior of Ireland Sing "Up with King Billy and crusaders and inquisitors is certainly _9 at Commonweal: 266...

...I saw some hints of what the future may hold at a recent rally supporting the election boycott in Manila's Luneta Park...

...the party has controlled _9 supply of dedicated social action workers who are the lifeblood of people's groups, especially in the early stages...

...This crowd around me, l thought, is probably the basic opposition force of_9 future...

...Embassy and the Filipino elite, on the one hand, and the Communist party, on the other...

...A Jewish friend tells me that it will never be possible for Israel to make peace with the Arabs, who are, because of their religion, incapable of moderation, peace, or religious tolerance...

...His explanation for Carter's failures is simple...

...World Policy's editor, Sherle R. Shwenninger, told me that he wanted the journal to become the foreign policy voice for the Vietnam generation of peace, church, and environmental activists who represented America's "progressive internationalist tradition...

...A labor leader spoke though he had recently edged out the left's own candidate for control of the Kilusang Mayo Uno (May 1 Movement), the most radical of labor federations...

...His push for a U.S...

...They knew what I meant, but weren't entirely convinced, i share some of their discomfort...

...Military intervention there was not only counter-productive for the U.S...

...The Marcos government with U.S...

...Christian crusaders were told that "God wills it," and spiritual rewards were offered those who went as crusaders to the Holy Land...

...He won approval of the Panama Canal Treaty...

...This was before Afghanistan...

...Such an outcome is not what most Filipinos would choose now if they had other real alternatives at hand...

...little_9 at: tention has been _9 to the complex historical and economic factors, none Of _9 ~ II , I I1 down with the Pope...

...But they are not so organized...

...Forget the fact that she mentions the SS-20s only in passing --- there had been sharp intra-allied trade differences throughout the seventies...

...After some rough sledding with Moscow on the SALT...

...The administration was thrown on the defensive by Soviet or Soviet-backed interventions in Ethiopia and Zaire...

...If we focused on trade and economic development, they argued, we could solve the real problems of the world which were not East-West but NorthSouth...

...The radical left also discouraged their growth, because rightly or wrongly it has seen them as threats to its own organizational efforts, The harm done by the Communist party in this way has probably been greater than the Marcos government's...

...The U.S...

...Perhaps the leadership will become less dogmatic and more patient...

...A member of the Mangyan tribe of Mindoro Island was given a chance to speak, for example...

...Unlike its predecessors World Policy does not have the luxury of romantic illusions about third-world revolutions...

...Carter now observed that the U.S...

...Irving Kristol and his neoconservative friends, that is...

...T HE JOURNAL Foreign Affairs was, until the late 1960s, virtually synonymous with postwar American foreign policy...

...Similarly the NorthSouth emphasis was taken as a rebuff, a denial of the Soviets' hard-earned status as the co-equal superpower...

...To reduce the situation in Northern Ireland to a question of religious intolerance is terribly simplistic...

...dialogue with the European peace movement will be one of its primary objectives...

...In an increasingly complex world where our NATO allies were also our trading rivals, bipolarity no longer made any sense...

...The rich were mostly gone...

...Dedicated to creating new alternatives to both standard containment doctrine and Kissinger's amoral realpolitik, they proposed to develop a new "world order" creed for American foreign policy...

...The Inquisition tortured and burned people in the name of God's truth, it goes back: Moses's troops slaughtered people inthe name of the Lord of Hosts...

...The scenario that was only imagined by these two antagonists some years ago is now reality...

...Similarly, if World Policy hopes to succeed where the Carterites fell short_9 will have to do more than wish away Soviet power with pieties about the self-defeating nature of violence...

...World Policy will be far more concerned with the nuclear issue which has emerged in the past four years...

...Such intra-allied tensions were at their height when East-West relations were at their best...

...Some 150,000-200,000 people gathered to meet groups of boycott marchers from North and South Luzon...

...In the lead article of the first issue, Mary Caldor, a founder of END (European Nuclear Disarmament), lays out an almost purely psychological explanation for the rising tensions of 1978-79...

...The horror and tragedy of the waves of Iranian children moving suicidally them directly related to religion, which _9 against Iraqi artillery recalls an earlier have made the Catholic and Protestant episode in the history of religious fanaticommunities hostile to one another...

...Look at Northern Ireland, the Jews versus the Arabs, Iran . . . . it might be better if there were no religions at all...

...The other agreed...

...Jimmy Carter became the vehicle for this new alliance...

...We are now paying the price for their miscalculation...

...The Carter administration was left naked before its hawkish critics...

...The connection of religion with violence is much clearer in the case of Iran...

...Instead of defining the world in terms of the Russian-American face-off, these analysts, writing in the tradition of Cobden and Bright's nineteenth-century free-trade radicalism, urged the U.S...

...Several "traditional old politicians," as they are called here (almost as if they were a type of tribal group themselves with their own strange ways and customs) also spoke, including Diosdado Macapagal, former president of the country, although they, too, are far from being leftists...

...When containment was discredited by Vietnam, liberal critics of the war found an outlet for their ideas in a new magazine, Foreign Policy, launched in 1970 and now published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace...

...can militarily disengage from Europe...

...We sat under a thin _9 new moon listening to the speakers, though what is said at these rallies matters very little -- most often in fact the public address system hardly works at all...

...maybe the problem wasn't to be located so simply in religion...

...Speaking of our "intellectual and moral poverty" and our "failure" in Vietnam, he insisted we had to rise above "narrow national interest" to solve the global problems of "nuclear war, racial hatred, the arms race, environmental damage, hunger, and disease...

...This seems to be the situation in the Philippines today although here the unexpected is the norm and anything may happen at any time...

...Without defending religion's often ugly r01e, I pointed out that political ideology in our century had taken more lives than religion ever had in the history of the human race...

...So they meet twice a year but there is no consolidation of points of view, continuity, or thrust...

...weapons buildup paved the way for the unabashed militarism of Ronald Reagan...

...Cuba, he told me -seemingly unaware of Castro's human fights record and Cuban troops propping up Ethiopia's bloody Mengistu regime -- is the country which comes close to fulfilling America's highest ideals...

...The psychological theme is also taken up by World Policy' s Managing Editor, Jerry Sanders...

...his human fights policy aided untold numbers of Latin American political prisoners and lent hope and legitimacy to anti-authoritarian forces, and of course there was Camp David...

...It was during the dttente of the Nixon administration that Treasury Secretary Connally went out of his way to treat the Europeans roughly and the Senate nearly passed a proposal to withdraw American troops from Europe...

...The Soviets were dismayed by the "reckless idealism" of Carter's human-fights policy, and their violations of the 1975 Helsinki Accords on human fights undercut American public support for d&ente...

...The underground showed much more sophistication than ever before in allowing member groups of the organizing coalition, most of whom are far from leftist, equal time at the microphone and equal space for their banners...

...The magazine is part of a broad left-liberal outreach program called the Security Project...

...Till now leftist leaders have failed to build a real united front or popular organizations...

...news media have generally reported the situation in Northern Ireland, for example, as a case of Catholics versus Protestants...

...but unnecessary since third-world nationalism was likely to keep Soviet power in check...

...learned with certainty that the Soviets were trying to undercut MAD with a substantial civil defense effort...

...Religious people have some easy answers to all this: that was the "spirit of the age," not the essence of the religion...

...What is disturbing, however, is the journal's failure to come to grips with what went wrong in the Carter administration...

...had to "take the world as it is" and maintain her military strength...

...This they must do because people are still far from ready for overt Communist direction...

...Carter, as Richard Barnet explains it "could not believe" that the Soviets would attempt "so blatant a challenge to the status quo...

...acquiescence has systematically worked for years to suppress such groups...