Pilgrim among symbols:
Kosciesza, Bogumil
would have been impossible without cars the country free to find its own ways in up several new ones for itself, notably the and trucks, the speakeasy without...
...Poland's romantic poet Micshrieking silence, tears his prepared speech in half...
...Vaclav, a good and holy king martyred by his godless lawgiver in whose statutes we find none of the harsh penal- brother, and to this church the people of Nowa Huta brought ties common to the codes of his era, grantor of unprecen' their picture of the Black Madonna to be blessed by the dented civil rights to the Jews persecuted and expelled from Pope...
...so prosperous, that it woke the jealousy and greed of a With them the miners brought their celebrated brass German knight, Rytgier...
...ters and Johnson and Hugh Hefner taken automobile's purpose was ac- It is only necessary to glance at those together...
...toys, petro is behind most of the plastic rally with wood, stone, metal and the FRANK GETLEIN descendants of IJubrovka and Vojtech (Adalbert), have ration in defense of human rights...
...That throne rights of subjects to liberty and the pursuit of happiness...
...There is another aspect to petro- that the designer could make it assume The transition will be gradual, with production, of course, and that is, as the any shape, unconfined by the natural lim- phasings out and slow changes, but with party guest told The Graduate, PLAS- itations of wood or metal...
...There was no conflict between the the obscene bulging of the cars-to goods, unhealthy colors and ' insulation mind of the maker and the material, thus realize at once what a blessing its passing from the forms and materials of the real no tension, no drama, in the finished will be...
...The beauty of plastic was simply form...
...The author of Quo Vadis This identification of Poland's suffering with the Cross is raises a sheaf of papers high over his head and, in a almost two hundred years old...
...Now the young of Warsaw, gathered outside St...
...the men's uniforms and the women's re- Masters and takes the full reins of government in its own gional finery proclaiming their identity...
...It is worth remembering that to the Poles, Wanda's the rest of 14th-century Europe, protector of peasants, story is a reminder that freedom from foreign domination regulator of working conditions, provider of gigantic state has sometimes to be bought by great personal sacrifice...
...In this city much of the symbolism is drawn from tragedy...
...Here lived and taught BOGUMIL KOSCIESZA Paul, son of Vladinrir, rector of Jagiellonian University, (Boguinil Kosciesza, a previous contributor, is a chemist, who delivered at the Council of ('i1TlSI~ink-c nn,,7irze dccla- c&!, )r rind earthy...
...of cars themselves...
...A Catholic Knight, not being an coronation of the Black Madonna as the Queen of Poland...
...From double-knit suits to garishly that few such unrestricted shapes have will be gone in a century and we can live colored, instantly breakable nursery come close to the beauty that comes natu- like humans again...
...in hundreds more unmarked spots an the first Polish Christian monarch-Mieszko I. anonymous hand drops a bouquet of white and red flowers . It was a shrewd political move on the part of Mieszko...
...Messianism" when he compared Poland, suffering for the forever to remember...
...Here was the center of Poland's glory and, in In the village of Mogila, which translates as "grave" or the Jagiellonian University, an ancient center of learning, a "mound" there stands the 8th century Tumulus of Wanda...
...he also wrote, "takes This June more than a million arrived to pray with their advantage of the undeniable right of defending its freedom Pope...
...Only by two Czechs dominate its ancient cathedral...
...A statue of the Virgin in the center...
...all Warsaw is here...
...The police and the Cos- soon to be Risen Poland...
...the glorious...
...6 July 1979: 393...
...would have been impossible without cars the country free to find its own ways in up several new ones for itself, notably the and trucks, the speakeasy without taxis...
...Anne built revealing the statue of Adam Mickiewicz, Still in silence Sepulchers that were powerful allegories of Crucified but Sienkiewic•z approaches a podium...
...Square, once the scene of a bloody battle between the Accepting baptism from the hand of a missionary bishop, citizens of Warsaw and the Tsarist invaders...
...She was so beautiful, and the Cracow land lose its faith now...
...Instead, the graves of sees more than actions, hears more than words...
...The voluntary conversion removed the German excuse for A short block from the Mickiewicz monument is Victory raiding his country under the pretext of "Christianization...
...camps...
...At the edges of the crowd groups custom of Christmas cribs, of erecting Holy Sepulchers in of Tsarist police, troops of mounted Cossacks...
...surpass the others in beauty and imagery...
...Each parish tries to on a tall, cloth-swathed object at the south end of the mall...
...Adalbert, the point, can we understand the feelings engendered by this Bishop of Prague, the Apostle of Poland...
...happens that a nation, rightly provoked and angered by A million pilgrims journeyed to Czcstochowa in 1956...
...An kiewicz gave the most famous expression to this "Polish immense sob shakes the crowd...
...font from which sprang ideas of freedom and tolerance that Nearby stands the 13th century Cistercian Abbey Church of influenced the centuries...
...These stubborn people of Silesia have kept their Polish- An American pre-schooler's favorite nursery song may ness, their language and their religion through more than inform the world that "Mary had a little lamb...
...onstrate again, not some defiance of the government, but When John Paul preaches human rights, he is holding their national identity and their strong faith...
...With the end of Prohibition, the complished, too...
...ghers' houses, magnates' palaces...
...greatest tolerance is due the Jews, because by their books YOUR C ZECH CHILDREN...
...As this square fills with people come to celebrate the PILGRIM SYMBOLS Mass, the rite of peace and reconciliation, with the Polish JOHN PAUL II IN POLAND Pope, the spirits of the 800,000 inhabitants of Warsaw who perished in World War 11 hover over the throng of the living...
...meant and understood as a symbol Thus in 966 Pol and...
...absolute subject, must be sure of the justness of the war The government barred the nation's primate, Cardinal before he takes part in it...
...This tribe of Henry the Pious, that finally broke the Legend tells of Wanda, a daughter of Krak...
...It was left empty except for a single red rose...
...sanctuary, just by the ancient baptismal font, lies Queen In Warsaw hundreds of tablets commemorate places of Dubrovka, the Czech princess who married and converted Nazi mass executions...
...Anne's, bid farewell to the Polish Pope with a sea of A POLE has a sense of the symbolic, a sense of history crosses...
...On the bishop and a graduate of the Jagiellonian University, ramparts of Jasna Gdra monastery Wyszynski's brother Wawrzyniec Goslicki, asserted the God-given inalienable bishops sat on each side of an elevated throne...
...He warned that a refusal would be taken an insult Forever" for the visiting Khrushchev...
...He sent legates to Wanda to debands to play ancient songs to their Shepherd-the brass mand that she marry him and, as a dowry, give him the land bands that once "accidentally" played "Stars and Stripes of Krak...
...we prove our faith...
...It lost its social purpose things the auto invented to give itself battle against Puritanism was over and and like all things with no purpose made pseudo-purpose when purpose was ants of Warsaw came to worship at the same time...
...social, economic and artistic ventures of highway system, the shopping center What put the roar in the roaring twenties many kinds, following the short delay phenomenon, the suburbs and the ever was the gasoline engine...
...High above their heads stands the oldest monument imprinted on his soul by the centuries of glory...
...a Polish half a millennium of foreign domination, through Bis- innocent's lisping rhyme proclaims that "Wanda drowned marck's Kulturkampf, through Hitler's concentration herself, because she did not want a German...
...aid to victims of natural disasters...
...Here ruled Casimir the Great, a St...
...All eyes are their churches at the end of Holy Week...
...no speeches, no demonstrations...
...entered the family of western nations not of religion but of foreign oppression...
...centuries of greatness, centuries of foreign oppres- Gniezno is the site of the first Polish Archbishopric, and sion, In Poland, where every stone is a relic of that past, he yet no King of Poland is buried there...
...One must not interfere come to the gravesite to call in the debt...
...But the purpose was cars, long gone,-did more for sexual That victory accomplished-and in- gone and it was only a question of time liberation-and gymnastics-than Mas- deed reinforced by the two disasters-the before cars went, too, and going they are...
...Late in the answerable directly to the Pope, kept his country independ19th century a Russian Orthodox Church stood here, a ent...
...They meet the either with the person or the property of an infidel...
...The Polish Pope with a banner reading: "REMMEMBER, FATHFR...
...Then silently thevdisperse...
...In the floor of the Pole's visit to these Poles...
...The rumble seat caused by the Depression and World War more Baroque, not to say Rococo design alone-now, like most good things about II...
...In the throng was a contingent of Silesian miners and and . . . throws away the yoke, chases away its Lords and their families...
...Now a group of Czech pilgrims, the spiritual Commonweal: 392 gone-the roads, the malls, the suburbs, horrors that fill our lives with shoddy rest...
...They came to dem- hands...
...The irony was any luck at all, the petro and the plastics TICS...
...Tsar's "Gift to Poland...
...In spite of the arrests of the socks tense-the authorities permitted the erection and un- "perpetrators," each year a new Sepulcher was erected veiling of the statue to this Polish bard on two conditions: each year hundreds of thousands filed past the "Grave...
...A silent crowd fills the The Poles have a tradition, somewhat analogous to the mall...
...In World War 11 Henryk Sienkiewicz pulls the rope, and the sheets fall away university artists of the Academic Church of St...
...The response was typically Polish...
...Wyszynski, from taking part in the solemn festivities in And some 400 years before Karol Wojtyla, another Czgstochowa...
...fast to a long tradition...
...Not willing to subject If Warsaw's mementos bring to mind the sorrowful mys- her people to a bloody war or to the cruel domination of the teries of Poland's history, Cracow's evoke the joyful and Germans, Wanda drowned herself in the Vistula...
...to be avenged with fire and sword...
...The Muscovite is pleased: there was transgressions of Europe, to Christ suffering for the sins of no demonstration...
...The spirit of the "Unknown Soldier," whose tomb Russian-occupied Warsaw, 1898 A long mall leading faces the papal altar, is the legate of the legions of Poles from the Royal Palace...
...man...
...a church so vast as an equal, through the offices of two Czechs-a woman that it would have been empty if all the Orthodox inhabit- and a bishop...
...in Warsaw, King Sigismund II--a huge cross in his hand...
...who died throughoutt the world fighting "For Your FreeA11 around, traces of Poland's past splendor: rich bur- dom and Ours...
...who inherMongol invasions with a wall of its bodies, is not likely to ited his throne...
...world...
...High above the looking at Pope John Paul II's pilgrimage from that view- main altar is the silver sarcophagus of St...
...tyranny and usurpation of its kings...
...It is forbidden to force anyone to In 1956 Poland celebrated the 300th anniversary of the accept the Holy Faith...
Vol. 106 • July 1979 • No. 13
