Correspondence
Correspondence - Stylistically, he shows signs of improving with age. I have disparaged his reliance upon pet phrases like "the right stuff" and "the Genteel Gent" (the press) , but there...
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...Luigi Barzini Rome, Italy Developments In Camera Stephen Miller, in "The Dogmas of the Modern-Day Mugwumps" (April, 1980), would have us believe that political action committees "would like to influence the course of legislation...
...The vocabulary shrinks noticeably at every generation, until our grandchildren will end up with babytalk pidgin (and the few ideas that can be expressed in it...
...The purposeful and gratuitous inculcation of despair is not the content of any moral message that I would recognize as such, and I suspect Professors Holland and Berns would agree...
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...But regarding the implications of those moral values for capital punishment, our views diverge...
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...On the preponderance of the evidence concerning the success rate of prison treatment programs, Holland finds security in rejecting rehabilitative claims against the finality of execution...
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...In fact, in the same issue of the Spectator William Lucas has given us some pungent case histories of such purchases of votes in "The Best Congressmen Money Can Buy...
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...But what if, it is fair to ask Professors Holland and Berns, a highly successful rehabilitation rate could be demonstrated among the denizens of death row...
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...C 0 R R E S P 0 N D E N C E Against Capital Punishment Walter Berns' For Capital Punishment: CHine and the Morality of the Death Penalty and Maurice J. Holland's favorable review of it in your pages (December 1979) invite the sympathetically critical discussion which the book has thus far failed to receive...
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...Miller's article tends to confuse these two aspects of the problem...
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...Putting aside the formidable, though not insuperable, difficulties entailed in justly deciding which particular capital offenders ought to die, there remains the core issue: Of what character is the moral instruction that we, as a society, are imparting through the killing of this criminal...
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...Both place their consideration of the ultimate sanction within the larger framework of criminal punishment and its traditional justifications...
...And related t data you should factor into your planning...
...o~ I m I i i i i l i I i i I I i i i i I i i i i I i ~ i I ment, lies in its unequivocal demonstration to the condemned of the community's unrelenting hatred towards him, and its decision that he is not fit to continue living in any human society--even that of a maximum security prison...
...Rehabilitation is considered in this context only because of the abolitionists' confused notion that if it were shown to be a real possibility, they would have a strong argument against that punishment which, by definition, eliminates all hope of such reformation...
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...If the primary value we wish to proclaim is the worth and dignity of human life, is the extermination of such life the appropriate mode of exhortation...
...Should the practice of death as punishment be abolished...
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...Since most opponents of the death penalty pronounce themselves smugly secure in the "knowledge" that execution is not a marginally superior deterrent than other, lesser forms of punishment, they invite the inevitable inquiry: But what i f such demonstration could be satisfactorily made...
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...I could be wrong, but I'd swear he's the fella we saw over on the Terrapin side cheering for Duke Felicitations The editors of The American Spectator celebrate Steve Tesich, whose poetry appeared in some of our earliest issues, for winning the 1980 Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, for the movie, Breaking Away...
...According to Professor Holland, Berns finds in the need for condign punishment not merely the warrant but also the obligation for executing in response to particularly heinous crimes...
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...Would you then change your-views on the subject...
...The symbolism contained in deliberately terminating the life of a fellow human being (even though profoundly blameworthy) might take us well beyond the supposed goals of just punishment and, strangely, into the very realm of amorality that we most loathe in the sociopath or other variants of "coldblooded" killers...
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...But this formalistic response does not satisfy the substantive dimensions of the question...
...To this end, according to Berns, execution is an unfortunate necessity...
...This is but the converse of the question frequently put to abolitionists on the issue of deterrence...
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...Contact Arthur J. Boynton, Jr., Oxford, New Hampshire, 03777 SCANDINAVIAN CAROLS "Carl" Songs Unveiled, $2 ADMKT, Box 3012A, Chicago, IL 60654 CORRESPONDENCE (continued from page 40) of a punishment unique in kind such that imposing it places both inflicter and recipient outside the boundaries in which those differences of value and role retain their forceful clarity...
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...It is difficult to see why, under the "evolving standards of .decency" which are the American hallmark in analyzing the constitutionality of punishments, the replication of death should not be found similarly beyond the pale...
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...The meaning of execution might be dangerously more, and other, than that proclaimed for it by the executioners...
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...Immanuel Kant, one of the major proponents of retributivism, acknowledged that some literalist punishments-such as those for rape and pederasty--are themselves crimes against humanity and hence beyond the authority of the state to impose...
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...What is proposed here is not evisceration of the criminal law or appropriately stringent punishments, but rather the voluntary renunciation (continued on page 43) 40 THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR JUNE 1980 MERCHANDISE SOLAR ELECTRIC BATTERY CHARGERS Autos -- Boats-- Cabins-- Motor Homes...
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...While candidly acknowledging that such refutation in no way advances the affirmative argument that must be made in favor of capital punishment, he leaves implicit the suggestion that part of the retentionist's case has already been made...
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...Further, the various states are split in their view of justified lethal force in direct defense of self or home or property...
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...Are we well served by permitting the criminal to control the nature and contours of our response, since we kill through the state only because he did...
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...I have disparaged his reliance upon pet phrases like " t h e right s t u f f " and " t h e Genteel Gent" (the p r e s s ) , but t h e r e seems to be less of this...
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...The simple legal answer to all of these suggestions is, of course, that there is a wholly separate category of lethal force that has traditionally been recognized as justified: killing in the performance of official duty, which includes the responsibilities of the executioner...
...The elimination of capital punishment need n o t ' m u s t not--portend abolition of crucial distinctions between right and wrong, guilt and innocence...
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...Simply put, if a punishment is deserved it ought to be imposed, no matter what if any deterrent or rehabilitative effect might thereby be achieved...
...Berns stresses the defensive function of death as much as its role as affirmative repayment for harm caused: i.e., the society is protecting and preserving its moral consensus...
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...Such agreement bespeaks shared acceptance of a legal order informed by and reflective of underlying moral values that do not themselves have origin in that order...
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...though as a matter of intellectual and social history one would want to trace and try to fathom the connections between this decade's decline of faith in social progress and the increase in its calls for harsh criminal sanctions...
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...For example, some find that execution's greatest utility, and hence attractiveness as a punishSpecial 20-week trial subscription to The Wail Street Journal lets you sample the financial information and business intelligence you need to earn more from your business, your career, your financial planning...
...fellows from the neighborhood who wear sports shirts designed in weird hh)oms and streaks of tubercular blue and runny-egg yellow hanging out over pants the color of a fifteen cent c i g a r . " If l concur in Karl Shapiro's assessment of Wolfe as a "goddam j o y , " will Wolfe's publishers find a fresh blurb to paste on his jackets...
...To hinge the imposition of punishmcnt on the prediction or resoiution of such empirical contingencies is, say Berns and Holland, to misconceive its proper basis, which lies in the realm of non-utilitarian morality...
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...Importantly, we all endorse a retributivist punishment theory that is compatible with--indeed, conducive to--the morally pedagogic function of The Saturday Evening Club met recently in Mitchell, South Dakota, and its members were so impressed by the city's slogan that we decided to adopt its message as our own...
...George Yaney, who was quoted defending the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in your April "Current Wisdom," has succeeded in piling it the highest and deepest yet, though I'm not sure the University of Maryland should prove zealous of his honor...
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Vol. 13 • June 1980 • No. 6