How Tammany Controls New York

...the budget by Mayor Walker in 1931, and that he bad failed to bring in any provision for unemployment relief...

...Buffalo, Oct 20, broadcasting over Station WGR from 11:30 to 11:45 a. m. and speaking in the evening st s meeting of the Buffalo League of Women Voters...

...She had been a msnv ber of the party for over three decades, and was active in the Bensonhurst branch to the end...

...dldate for Governor with the endorsement of the State Federation of Labor, and Norman Thomas spoke at meetings in Bennington snd Rutland that peeked the largest halls in those places end caused the dry bones to rattle...

...The leader takes it for granted that when he gives favors to people they will support him politically...

...The machine is based solidly upon the common man's self-interest plus the control of the powers that will satisfy that interest...

...Altman then compared the consistently international Socialist position throughout the war and ever since of Norman Thomas and other Socialist leaders to that of the Communist candidate for president with his record as a war bond salesman and investor...

...Now they advocate waiting another four years in the hope that they might elect somebody to something...

...Much is sometimes said of the political machine—especially Tammany—as a great benevolent organisation...

...Gretchen Garrison, chairman of the State Women's Committee with offices at 810 Safford Street, Bennington, has tailed for' women .Socialists and sympathizers to cooperate with her, snd n complete organisation of the party is being perfected everywhere...

...The county leaders like Curry and McCooey are chosen by the district leaders of the executive committee...

...Jules Umanaky of the Bronx, who spent s vacation in the Green Mountains, found himself devoting his holidays to propaganda, and enjoying it more than any loafing he might have dona, The Socialists are enthulastic, and confidently expect that the old Green Mountain State, with Its fine old traditions of liberty and Independence, will be wall up la front when the votes are counted...

...The Bucknelllan, student dsily paper, carries an editorial in the issue that presents these figures criticising the students for not being ss progressive as their teachers...

...The cherubic-faced McCooey of Brooklyn haa a grand machine and is able to do marvelously well for all-his relatives, but he has to respect bis district leaders and his fellow county bosses, notably Curry of Tammany, and he does not forget it.' The district-leader government maintains a nominally democratic form...

...Before the Sea bury inquiry began Professor Joseph McGoldrick of Columbia, who is an authority on New York's government, said that "a gross return of $100,000 a year is probably fairly common" for the Tammany district leader, and the inquiry proved that his estimate was modest...

...The four most powerful rulers of New York government are the four Democratic bosses of the four large boroughs, John F. Curry in Manhattan, John H. McCooey in Brooklyn, John Theofel in Queens, and Edward J. Flynn in Bronx...

...25, and Olean, Oct...

...128 The faculty voted as follows: Hoover...

...Buffalo, Oct 22, broadcasting over Station WHEN from 7:16 to 7:80 p. m. on "Socialist Position on Education" under auspices of New York State Teachers' Assoelstion...

...The students voted aa follows: Hoover...

...Here was a city of aeven million .people choosing its chief magistrate through four men, not one of whom has ever shown any great intellectual or business distinction, not one of whom would be chosen by any great corporation, school, or newspsper to direct its destinies...

...Anna Herstein, for .many years an active and enthusiastic member of the Socialist Party, was killed Friday afternoon by an automobile near her home, 1542 72nd Street, Brooklyn...

...It functions st many district clubhouses throughout the city, snd at the county Democratic headquarters...

...Dunkirk, Oct 23...

...22, meeting at Black Rock...

...A College Straw Vote The faculty of Bucknell University, Lewlaburg, Pa., Is more progressive than the student tody, it sppeara from the result* of two votes there...

...Herstein wss the wife of Dr...

...Curry, boas of Manhattan, was elected by the district leaders by a very close vote, and he acts accordingly...

...He said that unemployment insurance is not attainable in the near future, and therefore all efforts should be concentrated on the bonus, snd stated that the Communist Party has been instrumental in influencing the American Legion to come out for immediate cash payment Jack Altman pointed out that Communist Party policy has changed often and fundamentally since 1919 and that it has become opportunist instead of revolutionary...

...Mrs...

...I can give a bright future to a'young man like you and I need somebody who can read and write...

...even a pledge to vote the Democratic ticket...

...Behind a deck in this clubhouse the leader aits for aeveral hours almost every night in the year while petitioning citizens interview him...

...It does not, like Robin Hood, rob the rich to help the poor...

...19, broadcasting over Station WGY, 7 to 7:15 p. m., on "Socialist Position on Education'' in symposium under suspices of New York State Teachers' Assoclstion...

...11 Roosevelt__________ 4 Thomas ___________ 26 Norman Thomas studied st Bucknell for a year before going to Princeton...

...i Bosses The district leaders are the governing oligarchy in each county and they choose the Currys, McCooey s, Theof els and Flynns...

...Mrs...

...After a long layoff tho party has been reorganised, the ticket is on ths ballot, Fred Suitor, noted labor official and former Mayor of Barre, is can...

...Apart from reflections upon the character of Socialists, Brooder's main argument was not for a Communist revolution, nor the dictatorship of the i proletariat nor even unemployment insurance, but for the immediate payment of the bonus...

...It was a usual Communist speech for example, asserting that Norman Thomas had been appointed to an advisory committee on...

...Today, dividing the workers into cusses such ss Negroes, veterans, foreign workers, American workers, for, the moat reformist snd opportunistic measures seems to be their line...

...Binghamton or Endicott, Oct...

...They want city Jobs or excuses from jury duty, or peddlers' licenses, or mercy from a local magistrate...

...unless it is his time, and'even for that he is well repaid...

...At the time of the 1919 split Communists favored only immediate and violent revolution...

...He is slways on the lookout to Secure young followers to work for the machine on promise of promotion to a'good job if they are faithful...

...Better join my club," said s district leader recently to one' of bur young Socialist friends...

...428 Roosevelt...

...The Legion," said Altman, "adopted unanimously a resolution against the recogntion of Soviet Russia, for a bigger army and navy, for a bigger air force, for the expulsion of all alien radicals...

...that the veterans are only a small part of the 13,000,000 unemployed, and that if the workers vote solidly for the Socialist Party in sufficient numbers, even a Republican or Democratic government would be compelled to institute a system of unemployment insurance and to give adequate relief...

...His own largesse, such as the spectacular gifts of the old Sullivan clan at the holiday season, or the outings of s Tom Parley association, are secondary...

...Actually the separation is a legal fiction and both are controlled by the same group...

...Local 2717 is one of the few A. F. of L. bodies which ia Communist-controlled, although the majority of its membership is not identified with any party...

...Niagara Falls, Oct 24...

...Th# union members who were left would have none of it, sad their protest was so loud that ths resolution was hastily withdrawn...

...The main reliance of a district leader is ths favors he esn get' from the city ^ministration which he helped to put and keep in office...

...Schenectady, Oct...

...If he agrees to do something, the arrangement is colloquially called a "contract/' It is not necesarily based on any direct payment to the leader or...

...This will be but one part of the job he ia doing on his up-state tour, which will take him into every section of the state...

...When a crisis occurs, the big official limousines with city-paid chauffeurs roll np of an evening to Tammany Hall en 17th Street and Union Square and the district leaders, and sometimes the sachems, put their heads together in the inner sanctum where the dour-raced Curry sits beside s desx with a silver-framed portrait of Alfred E. Smith upon it Mere mayors, judges and governors are made and unmade...

...Altman Confounds Earl Browder With The Communist Record A PROJECTED political symposium planned by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Local Union 2717 for Monday night at the Brownsville Labor Lyceum, in which representatives of four parties were to submit their arguments for claiming the labor vote boiled down to a debate between a Socialist and Communist, the invited Republican and Democratic speakers failing to appear...

...172 Thomas...

...When, in September, 1932, it became necessary to decide whether Mayor Walker should run again for mayor, the press and the whole city recognized that the real decision lay in the hands of these four men...

...The Columbia Spectator, student daily at Columbia Cniersvity, carried an editorial shortly after the opening of college calling upon President Murray Nicholas Murray Butler to follow out the logic of bis address st tho opening escrcises of the university, snd to support Norman Thomas...

...The district leader hears their stories and reaches a decision...

...By Norman Thomas and Paul Blanshard How Tammany Controls New York This U Part of a Chapter from a New Book "What's the Matter with New York" by Norman Thomas and Paul BUnehard, Published by MacmiUan October 4. TIE resl government of New York does not function st City "Hall...

...A typical district leader never gives away anything of his own...

...On Oct 14th he will start his upstate tour as follows: Poughkeepsie, Oct...

...Browder had opened his speech and Jack Altman, Socialist candidate for Assembly, 23rd A, I)., entered the hall about a minute after he had started...

...The reason for this singular spectacle—at least it would eppear singular if we had not become so utterly accustomed to it—is that New York is ruled by a closely knit predatory machine whose methods are quite familiar in every large city in America...

...Herstein Killed by Auto Mrs...

...Nominally, Tammany Hall, the popular name for the Democratic organization in Manhattan, is separate from the Tammany Society...

...In addition to her husband she Is survived by her sons, Karl Msrx snd Frederick Engels Herstein, snd two daughters...

...Above this official party hierarchy is the window-dressing of the Tammany Society itself, which is a fraternal order having 13 sachems—and an annual celebration on the 4th of July...

...It collects a brokerage fee from the rich for protecting them in their privileges and it robs the poor themselves by the cost it adda to all city services...

...The address contained severe criticism of both old parties...

...Buffalo, Oct...

...The County Executive Committee has two very important subcommittees which are inner circles of wisdom and power, the Steering Committee and the Law Committee, referred to in popular parlance as the War Board...

...This was brought out very clearly when Earl Browder, just returned from Soviet Russia, and general secretary of the Communist Party of America, in his presentation mentioned the name of Norman Thomas and much to his surprise found that instead of the boos he expected cheers and applause greeted the mention of the presidential candidate of the Socialist Party...

...Jamestown, Oct...

...Even Vermont Going Strong for...

...Browder did not give,authority for this astonishing information...

...Socialism RUTLAND.—Even old Vermont, the state that gave ths world Calvin Coolidgo, is bussing with Socialist activity...

...If you can't ahow the workers how to vote straight, how can you expect them to shoot straight t" Immediately after the meeting had adjourned and many of the carpenters had left the hall, some one with s ready-made resolution indorsing the Communist Party tried to' have it adopted...

...Unemployment insurance and old-age pensions were reforms...

...The proof of the Legion's conversion to Communism must be looked for in the balance of the program adopted at its Portland convention...

...While it is true that the Legion did come out for cash payment of the bonus it must be remembered that men like Smedley Butler and Waters, who are potential if not actual fascists, were also in favor...

...Altman showed that Browder's claim to having influenced the American Legion should prove no credit to the Communist Party...

...She was hurled Sunday in the Workmen's Circle cemetery st Mount Csrmel, Quseni...

...Actually it is generous with other people's money...

...Ithaca, Oct 17 (with Maurer...

...and while the Communists may be satisfied with this program, we Socialists consider it reactionary and fascist" Altman pointed out thst the main fight must be for unemployment insurance and for adequate relief for the unemployed...

...Labor Committee for Socialism Carl Holderman and John W. Edelman, members of the American Federation of Full Fashioned Hosiery Workers, will visit unions In Pennsylvania snd New Jersey within the next few weeks, lining up support for the Socialist national ticket...

...Bernard Herstein, noted chemist and st one time United States Collector of Customs st the port of Manila...

...Even they are paid for out of the pickings of the leader which he derives as perquisites of his power...

...Gerber to Make Radio Contacts for State Party G. August Gerber, Socialist candidate for Congressman at Large, has been assigned to take charge of radio addresses by Socialist speakers in up-state communities...

...He asked his opponent how he expected to accomplish the revolution by such zig-zag policies, or how he could expect to get the workers to follow a party which talked of revolution but which in practice was reactionary and opportunistic...

...The Clubhouse Under the Tammany system the place where men go when they want something is the district clubhouse presided over by the district leader...

...The party members in each county choose a county committee an immense affair which in Manhattan numbers over 5,000 people— and this county committee chooses s County Executive Committee of about 30 district leaders who really run the government of the borough...

...Elmira, Oct 1G...