Week by Week

...It greatly troubled the mind of that Anglican divine, Mr...

...1 HE Stabat Mater Dolorosa, a translation of which by Thomas Walsh is published in this issue of The Commonweal, is one of the great liturgical poems of the Church and was already generally known throughout the Christian world before the end of the fourteenth century...

...It has kept his passion for social justice singularly intact and impersonal...

...One wonders merely if the new system is a result of the President's fondness for local government and the separate states, or if he turned over the recipe to Senator Reed in order to avoid the embarrassment of not being able to give him the pie...

...It may be that the problems which it must attempt to settle are, as the past several years would seem to indicate, aloof from the difficulties with which a country like Brazil will reckon...

...But the President's share in the jubilation is seriously modified by a compromise with the senatorial group which, for a time, bade fair to annul the appointment...

...The history of the French royal family during their long and recurrent exiles is not a particularly cheerful one...

...The actual law, absurd as it seems, constituted a very real grievance, as proved by abundant cases in which unwitting offenders have been cast in damages...

...Even the national glories associated with their names have been obliterated by the Napoleonic legend...

...IF anything could make the cloud of fatality that rests upon the outbreak of the great war in August, 1914, deeper and denser, it would be the communication, just made to the Vienna Reichspost by Baron Johannes Eichhoff, an intimate counsellor of the murdered Archduke Ferdinand, of a draft constitution for the Hapsburg empire which the heir to the throne intended to submit as soon as he succeeded—an event which, in the course of nature was scheduled to come about in a very few years...

...One thing, and one thing only, can supply the place of the family for the orphan child...

...Among the English translators are some of the greatest literary scholars, among them Dr...

...No thoughtful man denies to the Jew a special faculty for thinking in his heart, and a very real hunger and thirst after corporate righteousness...

...This noble "equity of charity" was never more necessary than now, so that the commemoration of the Calverts was a salutary festival which cannot be noticed without warm feelings of gratitude and an abiding conviction that conscience should make, not...

...But it has kept him apart from a whole world of effort and experience, robbed him of his fitting share in the triumphs that have been registered during the centuries of his seclusion, and the bitter but salutary lessons of so many failures...

...JOSEPH JASTROW, professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin, may be right when he tells his audience that they are "heirs of all the wisdom of the ages...

...People who had heard only a very little concerning him are now convinced, as a result of the discussion which has enlivened the press for so many months, of his integrity, his knowledge of the problems with which the commission must deal, and— above all—of his emancipation from the bondage of Wall Street...

...Pelagie were communicated to the press by a malevolent government...

...April 7, 1926 THE COMMONWEAL WEEK BY WEEK H letter of explanation, sent officially to the -*• editor of the New York Times by the Brazilian Ambassador, lays stress upon an aspect of the League of Nations which, though it should not have been isolated, perhaps, at a moment when decisive issues were at stake, is bound to become more and more important...

...If all the existing arable land in the world could carry three persons per acre, there might be 9,792,000,000...

...Abraham Coles, Edward Caswall, D. F. McCarthy, Aubrey de Vere, John Bannister Tabb, and H. T. Henry...

...A thoroughgoing testing of the possibilities of probation as a reformative agency with early and young offenders under the most favorable auspices, and supported by an adequate and competent organization, has been given, with most favorable results...

...Despite the noise and enterprise of his partisans, led by the redoubtable Leon Daudet, his reversionary interest in the French crown could probably have been sold for a very slight sum on any of the speculative markets in Europe during the past twenty years...

...But possibly the League is really a continental organization...

...it should be taken as a norm for the endeavor to change the victims of circumstance to victors over circumstance...

...I know the great force of any religious movement in reforming criminals and in deterring others from violation of the law...

...Surely the hour has come for a fuller recognition of some such history of Vatican diplomacy as that written by Friedrich von Lama, portions of which, from time to time, have been outlined in The Commonweal...

...10 the imaginative, names have faces...

...JL HE Senator blocked Mr...

...Even those who, like Dickens, have apparently let imagination run riot are found, on examination, to be surprisingly documented...

...and that, disguised though it may be, Brazil's action completely disregarded issues which had the international right of way...

...Its achievements in the year that has elapsed since its reorganization have evidenced the success of the Cardinal's plan...

...There are four plain-song versions, besides those of Josquin des Pres, Palestrina (two versions), Pergolesi, Haydn, Rossini (in his splendid dramatic setting) and later, Dvorak...

...The shock has* shaken us out of the complacency that had settled upon us after Locarno last year," said Lord Grey, voicing the confidence that even though an international highway might be gritty and dangerous, it is better than no such highway at all...

...cowards, but lovers of us all...

...It ranges from about one hundred to the square mile in Europe, excluding the Arctic regions, to nine in America, again with the same exclusion, and one and one-half in Oceania...

...Hereafter, the nominees will realize from what part of the world they are expected to arise...

...Many authors, our own Henry James is one, have felt a positive joy in the discovery over store-fronts or in country churchyards, of uncanny patronymics whose very vocables set a train of thought in motion for which literature is the richer...

...It is because the Menorah movement, linked up as it is to a study of post-biblical history, is aimed to supply this lacuna in Jewish training, that it deserves the warm support of all who make social righteousness their goal...

...But obviously there are a great many millions of acres which, taken together, would not feed a goat—to say nothing of a human being...

...Malthus, whose book stimulated Darwin and Wallace, and who has given a name to a sisterhood of which it is highly probable he would not feel particularly proud if he were living today...

...This was his from the beginning, and the circumstances of his own steadfast and persecuted life have intensified it...

...1 HE loss to religion, even though it be not the religion of Christ, implied in this severance from dogma of so many keen minds and warm hearts is not deplored by Catholics alone...

...that this "policy" grew directly out of a war which, though it involved American nations, was preeminently a continental struggle...

...extremely able and illuminating article on the present position of Judaism in the United States by the editor of the Menorah Journal, and published in the February issue of that magazine, may well be laid to heart by others outside the communion for which it was primarily written...

...Although it has never been invited to take an official share in Geneva conferences, the papal government has worked for organization in a spirit of impartiality and benignance...

...In my experience I have found," says Judge Borelli, "that in most cases in my court, the defendant is wholly without religion...

...But no thoughtful man will not realize that in this very enthusiasm a dariger lurks that becomes terribly evident when the restraints of tradition are cast off...

...Whether it could have been put through without arousing national passions and racial rivalries is, of course, an open question...

...It is the best institution of its kind in the United States," he said...

...It testifies to the prowess of Senator Reed, who inferred that the permanence of himself and his party in the historical record of the state might be dependent not a little upon enticing gifts brought home from Washington...

...When a real Snodgrass is discovered to have been a very distinguished officer in the Peninsular War, a real Pickwick to have been a coaching contractor, and when Winkles and Tupmans make their appearance in city directories, it is evident that few authors are secure from the dangers which this new bill is expected to divert...

...THOMAS WOODLOCK'S share in the victory which finally brought him a confirmed appointment to the Interstate Commerce Commission is definite and sizeable...

...The following passage from Cardinal Manning's Vatican Decrees in Their Bearing on Civil Allegiance, is quoted as one among several notable tributes...

...But when the learned Doctor goes on to assert that "the only child with a chance of growing up normally," today is "the child reared in an orphan asylum," we are led to wonder whether the Doctor has not been cheated out of his own share in the secular inheritance of common sense...

...Anything that will, so to speak, humanize the story, emphasize the lesson that human destinies which have brought us to our own day are a common heritage and that their result is a common responsibility, will be work worthy of the historian...

...For what it is, the bureau is not merely deserving of support...

...This constitution would have granted to the multiple nationalities which composed the population of the diarchy (Germans, Hungarians, Czechoslovakians, Poles, Ruthenians, Croatians, and Italians) state rights in every respect similar to those enjoyed by the various units of the United States, with a federal government at Vienna as at Washington...

...1 HE question of how many persons this earth could accommodate as a maximum has often been debated...

...Judge Max S. Levine, of New York City, in General Sessions caused to be entered into the record an account of what the archdiocesan Probation Bureau had done for men who came under his notice...

...It is one of the revenges of history that divine right begets inertia in its descendants as surely as excessive indulgence in food and drink generates uric acid in the system...

...The interest of Brazil in the League and her appreciation of the treaties of Locarno, no matter how great they were, and indeed, continue to be," says the letter, "could not permit Brazil to subordinate the world policy at large to an agreement which is no doubt relevant, but is, nevertheless, only regional or, at most, continental in Europe...

...The usual case is that of an individual, formerly a church member, who has fallen away from his religion...

...When once shattered, nothing but conviction and persuasion can restore it...

...The answer is given in one word—"Pennsylvania...

...In a very real sense, the Jew is a late-comer upon the political and social scene...

...and finally, though he could not emerge with a triumphant protege, he did sail off gingerly with a principle...

...A monograph, and a very interesting one, might be written on the varying practice of the literary giants in this regard...

...The new version by Thomas Walsh attempts a rendering as close as possible of the original Latin poem and its metre...

...He pointed out instances of offenders who had been helped to lead honest lives, and other instances of close, kindly contact between criminally-minded individuals and the bureau...

...Are we to suppose that hereafter this essential commission will bear upon its separate backs the label of its origins...

...Baron Margutti, in a memoir of Emperor Franz Josef which was published in New York some two or three years ago, hinted pretty broadly at the opposition it would have encountered at the hands of the Magyars...

...he knew that God alone could build them up again into unity, but that the equity of charity might enable them to protect and keep each other, and to promote the common weal...

...The combative effect of religion against crime has so often been displayed that no one can doubt its efficacy...

...Of especial interest was the utterly discredited announcement that the Vatican had supported Brazil in its claim for a seat...

...Surely this distinction is worthy of more careful consideration than has hitherto been given it, particularly in view of the long-continued abstention of the United States from Geneva and its activities...

...In this matter, the vast desert tracts must not be left out of consideration, for the Sahara and Libyan Deserts are larger in area than the entire United States...

...1 HE bill introduced by Lord Gorell into the English House of Lords, which aims to free authors from the libelous perils contingent on their use of actual names for unsavory characters, will lift a peril that has pressed hard upon writers of fiction on the other side for many years...

...Since our political emancipation, a century or more ago," he notes, "Judaism has been losing many of its finest minds and spirits...

...The strange fatality that rested upon the Bourbons in exile weighed heavily upon the man who carried the mask of the roi soleil above a square-cut beard of beaver proportions...

...They have borne their hard lot with a stoicism that is not without a certain dignity...

...IN this connection, at least one of the experienced criminal judges of Chicago has expressed a vigorous approval of the attention to be directed to religious ideals as a result of the Eucharistic Congress...

...It was by conviction of the reason and persuasion of the will," wrote the Cardinal, "that the world-wide unity of faith and communion were slowly built up among the nations...

...That this awakening has its dangers and has resulted in terrible losses to the fabric of Jewish faith, the editor of the Menorah Journal frankly admits...

...This news report was so contrary to the spirit in which the Holy See has viewed the work of the League that it is difficult to fathom the process by which it was manufactured...

...The nation stared more than a little dubiously at the following announcement from the Whit,e House: "In filling future vacancies on the Interstate Commerce Commission, President Coolidge intends to give special consideration to the South, the Southwest and Pennsylvania...

...IN so far as the European nations themselves are concerned, it is natural that the outcome of the recent entanglement should find England relatively optimistic and France outspokenly doubtful...

...Even his gesture in Paris thirty years ago, when he insisted upon his right as a son of France of drawing his number in the annual draft, was robbed of all dignity and overwhelmed in laughter as reports of the amount of food consumed daily by the distinguished prisoner at St...

...Sir George Knibbs has recently published the result of his studies on this subject in Science, and his conclusions are that, if it were possible for every two and one-half acres of the world's surface to support one person, then the final maximum of 13,440,000,000 might be reached...

...Its authorship has been ascribed to Saint Gregory the Great (d.604), Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (d.1153), Pope Innocent III (d.1216), Saint Bonaventure (d.1274), Jacopone da Todi (d.1306), Pope John XXII (d.1334), and Gregory XI (d.1378...

...Just as, for too many people, the history of Jewry, as of living, breathing human entities, ceases at the dispersion, so does the history of Catholics, the Reformation accomplished, fall under the obliteration of a common fear and distaste...

...We should have thought that, if one fact stands out from the investigations conducted by lovers of childhood in the near past, it is that the "institutional child" enters life with an initial handicap that only the best of subsequent luck overcomes...

...ridicule...

...Under present agricultural methods this could not be done, but possibly under more intensive cultivation the maximum might be approached...

...The simple alternative, which has been proposed at such times, of using names so undistinguished and general that no possible intention to libel could be adduced, was no real remedy...

...The estimated population of the world is approximately 1,700,000,000...

...It is not too much to say that the program which the Menorah Journal has set for its own people, might well, by changing a word here and there, stand for the program which The Commonweal has set as its goal...

...Writers are a temperamental lot, and the sacrifice entailed by changing at the eleventh hour, a name which has come to be identified with the blood and bones of their imaginary people, is not to be explained away in terms of the lay mind...

...One thing is evident—plenty of room remains on a planet that is much overcrowded in spots...

...Many musicians have given settings to this vivid little epic...

...These men, frequently men and women of the highest intellect, simply did not find in the Judaism that belonged to their day the satisfaction of their spiritual wants...

...But at least it is now plain that Europe went to pieces on the very eve of a measure that might have indefinitely ensured the political and economic balance it is now struggling so desperately to acquire...

...And the order is climatic, pertinently, unmistakably so...

...594 THE COMMONWEAL April 7, 1926 1 HE death of Philippe, due d'Orleans, in Sicily is an event that does not appreciably ruffle the surface of history...

...Others, like Thackeray, show a quite deadly skill in making very common names significant (what could be a more inevitable name for the parasite of the wicked Marquis of Steyne than Wenham...

...vjATHOLICS in Protestant countries are sharers, to a quite remarkable extent, in the historical obliquity that has rested upon the Jewish people in Christendom...

...Subjected to mass discipline at the very age when the tender and sensitive organism of individual character is forming, and only too often a docile and unresisting host for experiments by faddists and cranks, the child in state institutions runs a double danger...

...Lord Baltimore was surrounded by a multitude scattered by the wreck of the Tudor persecutions...

...Woodlock's appointment...

...Henry Hurwitz, "we are assailed, solicited, enchanted by things and influences that are not Jewish . . . Zionism admittedly is no answer to the problem of the great majority of Jews who will continue to live in the Diaspora...

...On every side," notes Mr...

...and his loss of faith is largely responsible for his criminal activities...

...The State Probation Commission has stated that the best probation work for adult offenders to be found in the United States is done by this bureau...

...The title of the article, Watchman, What of the Day?, is arousing...

...What hope is there for morals when there is missing even the knowledge of redemption...

...The ostracism that rested upon his people and his religion for so many centuries has had results that are good and that are bad...

...We find a corollary to these remarks in the statement of an aging Chicago priest that, among those who now come for instruction preparatory for marriage with a Catholic, there is a constantly increasing number of persons ignorant of the very fact that Jesus Christ existed...

...Nothing kills in France so surely as...

...Judge Francis Borelli, of the Harrison Street police court (one of the busiest and most interesting tribunals of its kind in the United States) believes that "the example of thousands of pilgrims journeying from all over the world" will have a salutary effect upon many who think that Christian morals are no longer bind592 THE COMMONWEAL April 7, 1926 tog...

...It suggests an awakening upon practical problems of a race that has lived its racial life for 1,800 years sustained by a great dream, and which now finds itself confronted by problems which it must perforce share with millions who have no part in its beliefs and whose background is entirely alien...

...To one whose daily work is dealing with criminals, the need of religion becomes doubly evident when he views the results of its absence in those arraigned in court...

...To this it might be objected that "world policy" hinges at the present moment upon whether or not amity can be created in Europe...

...The critics, attributing it to the authorship of the Franciscan Jacopone da Todi, do not seem to carry the weight of the authorities that give credit for the poem to "the great and cold intellect" of Pope Innocent III...

...What seems most needed is a better proportionate adjustment of population...

...Some April 7, 1926 THE COMMONWEAL 593 seem to have had no care in the matter at all, labeling their characters apparently by haphazard...

...a moment when crime is considered the biggest skeleton in the nation's closet, the tribute paid by a veteran judge to a Catholic moral redemptive agency is of signal importance...

...Woodlock is now accepted at par —as a public servant with an intelligent conscience...

...DURING the course of the Maryland commemoration it was a pleasure to learn that many a writer of an older period had discerned the value of the Calvert experiment in religious tolerance...

...He or she may come to the threshold of adult life dependent on outside direction for every impulse to good, or with a heart prematurely embittered by revolt against everything it has missed...

...But the passionate loyalty such as the Stuarts called forth has, in their case, been chilled by a certain sluggishness and inability to rise worthily to high and heroic occasions...

...This is adoption into the Family of which Joseph and Mary are the eternal heads, and the Fatherhood of Him Who had no place whereon to lay His Head...

...The heritage of twenty generations during which everything was done for you by someone else is hard to overcome...